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A poverty expert reveals how truly random the world is—including how economic inequality is experienced—and how we can learn to acknowledge chance and appreciate it. It's comforting to think that we can be successful because we work hard, climb ladders, and get what we deserve, but each of us has been profoundly touched by randomness. Chance is shown to play a crucial role in shaping outcomes across history, throughout the natural world, and in our everyday lives. In The Random Factor, Mark Robert Rank draws from a wealth of evidence, including interviews and research, to explain how luck and chance play out and reveals how we can use these lessons to guide our personal lives and public policies. The Random Factor traverses luck from macro to micro, from events like the Cuban Missile Crisis to our personal encounters and relationships. From his perspective as a scholar of poverty, Rank also delves into the class and race dynamics of chance, emphasizing the stark disparities it brings to light. This transformative book prompts a new understanding of the twists and turns in our daily lives and encourages readers to fully appreciate the surprising world of randomness in which we live.

普通の人びとは、なぜ暴力という手段を選び集団の力を行使したのか。また被害と加害が同居する地域社会で、それはいかに記憶・記録され語られていったのか。時代・地域を超えて、民衆の矛盾を含んだ多様な側面を描き出す。

This book explores Bangladesh's shift from a'bottomless pit'into a'middle-income'category. Six chapters in the book cover topics on microfinance growth, ready-made garment production, and social safety net programs playing pivotal roles particularly for women empowerment. In doing so, the book shows that the net effect was not just a change to the country's limited number of representative brands, but also a realization of many more brands to have built up over time.

This book presents a broad overview of the challenges posed by COVID-19 in India and its neighboring countries. It studies the differing responses to COVID-19 infections across South Asia, the variegated impact of the pandemic on its societies, communities and economies, and emerging challenges which require an interdisciplinary understanding and analysis. With a range of case studies from India, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan, and Sri Lanka, this book, Analyses the socio-economic impact of the pandemic, including the structural challenges faced by farmers in the agricultural production and migrant workers in the informal sectors; Examines the shifting trends in migration and displacement during the pandemic; Explores the precarity faced by LGBTQ+, transgender, Dalit, tribal, senior citizens, and other marginalized communities during the pandemic; Discusses the gendered impact of the pandemic on women and girls, combining with multiple and intersecting inequalities like race, ethnicity, socio-economic status, age, geographical location, and sexual orientation; Sheds light on the position of health infrastructure and healthcare services across different countries, and the transitions experienced in their education sectors as well, in response to COVID-19. A holistic read on the pandemic, this book will be of interest to scholars and researchers of sociology, medical anthropology, sociology of health, pandemic and health studies, political studies, social anthropology, public policy, and South Asian studies.

An account of the author's triple careers in academia, and services to two distinct governments of Liberia – William R. Tolbert's and Ellen Johnson Sirleaf's (consultant). Situated between the crisis years of the True Whig Party (TWP) regime, and the hopeful years of the first post-civil war government, stands more than three decades of teaching, research and public intellectual engagement. More than an impressionistic account, the author employs a rich repertoire of unpublished documents that include his personal cabinet notes and a wide range of government papers. His personal research papers acquired from archival research and interviews over the years supplement these. It is this rich background material that enables the telling of a fascinating story of the tensions within the TWP regime on the eve of the bloody 1980 coup, and in the process, paints enlightening portraits of such key players as Tolbert and his finance minister, Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, among a host of others. Included as well are some specifics of the 1979 “rice riots” and its impact on the politics of change. Discoveries are also unearthed about the author's role in racially integrating and internationalizing an American Episcopal/Anglican University in rural Tennessee. Among the questions explained are: Who was President Tolbert? What sort of finance minister to Tolbert was Ellen Johnson Sirleaf? Who was C. Cecil Dennis? Who was Jackson Fiah Doe? Who was Bacchus Matthews? How did the forces for change interact with those of the status quo in the 1970s? What were some of the forces at play in the reform attempts in the early 2000s? All things considered, what are Liberia's prospects going forward?

This book publishes the best papers accepted and presented at the 3rd edition of the International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Systems for Sustainable Development Applied to Agriculture, Energy, Health, Environment, Industry, Education, Economy, and Security (AI2SD'2020). This conference is one of the biggest amalgamations of eminent researchers, students, and delegates from both academia and industry where the collaborators have an interactive access to emerging technology and approaches globally. In this book, readers find the latest ideas addressing technological issues relevant to all areas of the social and human sciences for sustainable development. Due to the nature of the conference with its focus on innovative ideas and developments, the book provides the ideal scientific and brings together very high-quality chapters written by eminent researchers from different disciplines, to discover the most recent developments in scientific research.

Au Mali, les premiers établissements d'enseignement supérieur ont vu le jour en 1962 et les cinq universités publiques d'aujourd'hui ont toutes été structurées après 2010. Ceci présente un terrain quasiment vierge en matière de suivi des parcours étudiants. L'ambition de cet ouvrage est de dessiner des lignes théoriques de compréhension des conditions de formation dans les universités maliennes.

Critical Thinking, 2nd Edition is about becoming a better thinker in every aspect of your life—as a professional, as a consumer, citizen, friend, or parent. Richard Paul and Linda Elder identify the core skills of effective thinking, then help you analyze your own thought processes so you can systematically identify and overcome your weaknesses.

Das 10. Jahrhundert sieht die Wikinger auf dem Höhepunkt ihrer Macht und ihres Einflusses. Zugleich geht es jedoch über in eine Phase der Konsolidierung, als deren Ergebnis sich diejenigen Staaten herausbilden, die bis heute das Bild Europas prägen.Dieser Transformationsprozess wird in enger Verknüpfung mit den Entwicklungen im fränkisch-ottonischen Reich von Archäologen und Historikern aus Deutschland und Dänemark hier erstmals aus dieser Perspektive vorgestellt.

Members of organized crime syndicates have gained control of key businesses and trade unions through their strategic positions as arbiters of labor-management conflicts and as dispensers of illegal credit. They are managing important sectors of the contemporary marketplace, engaging in activities far more significant than the vice enterprises usually associated with criminal activity. Difficult to access for scholarly study, organized crime is best documented in judicial findings and in legislative reports from criminal investigations and public hearings. In this book, Alan Block has assembled a rich cross section of these reports. Taken together, they illustrate how organized crime has infiltrated important industries and taken control of union pension and welfare funds. Designed for students of criminology, sociology, and deviance, the book provides a comprehensive overview of the business of crime in America today.

This title was first published in 2000: Conflicts between developed and developing countries over global environmental problems, and the fact that the co-operation required to solve environmental collective action problems is typically elusive in the world of international relations, suggests a research agenda regarding how one might hop to bring about co-operation in an inherently non-co-operative international setting. In particular, what can economic theory tell us about the design of international environmental agreements (IEAs) that will protect the world's fragile environmental resources? This book collects work on IEAs which demonstrates the value of rigorous microeconomic and econometric modelling in comprehending the many and varied facets of the design and implementation in IEAs.

Immigration policy is one of the most contentious issues facing the United States today. The bitter national debate over California's Proposition 187, the influx of Cuban refugees into Miami, and the continuous, often illegal, crossings over the Mexican border into Texas and California are just a few of the episodes that have created a furor on local, state, and federal levels.In this timely and informative book, David Heer invites readers to examine the data and the trends of immigration to the United States and, ultimately, make up their own minds about what our national immigration policy ought to be. He demonstrates how social science findings, together with a conscious recognition of our individual values, are necessary for the formation of a balanced policy for immigration.Some of the the nation's collective values that may be affected by U.S. immigration policy are the standard of living in this country, the preservation of existing American culture, ethnic and class conflict, and the power of the United States in international affairs. Heer examines the impact of these values on immigration policy and traces the history of U.S. immigration and immigration law and patterns of immigration to the United States. Finally, he offers proposals for change to existing immigration policy.

This book addresses the present and future economic status of the elderly in the United States, focusing on problem areas and the impact of pension systems and other income and service programs. It focuses on demographic and economic factors associated with adapting the social security system.

First published in 1989. Bahrain is at the same time unique among the Arab oil-producing Gulf states and indicative of future developments in these emirates. Its uniqueness lies in the social, political, and economic structures of the country: The indigenous population is characterized by a peculiar set of overlapping cleavages; the country's industrial work force has a history of militant action and a degree of political consciousness unmatched in neighbouring states; and the islands'economy has achieved a level of diversification into non-petroleum-related activities that is the envy of planners in the surrounding area. This study provides an overview of current trends on the islands and of the social and historical context from which they have emerged. It is intended as an introduction to Bahraini affairs for the general reader and thus makes use of the existing literature wherever possible.

Published in 1998, this book reviews two of the World Bank's agricultural development projects in southeast Nigeria, and concludes that the objectives of these projects - which include reducing rural poverty and developing indigenous capacity for rural development - have not been fully realized. This book concludes that what these projects have achieved in the past, was the increasing integration of the peasant's political economy into the world's capitalist market with negative consequences. For example, the projects emphasis on export crop production, as opposed to food production, simply led to a diminishing capability among peasant farmers especially in the project areas, to produce food for themselves - while at the same time, reporting increased productivity in export-related production. The end result is widespread poverty amongst the poorest strata of peasant farmers participating in the program. In addition, the book looks at the Bank's structural adjustment programme, which in fact has the potential to reduce whatever benefits its agricultural programs might bring about for peasant producers.

Humor, wit, and laughter surround each person. From everyday quips to the carefully contrived comedy of literature, newspapers, and television we experience humor in many forms, yet the impetus for our laughter is far from innocuous. Misfortune, stupidity, and moral or cultural defects, however faintly revealed in others and ourselves, seem to make us laugh. Although discomforting, such negative terms as superiority, aggression, hostility, ridicule, or degradation can be applied to instances of humor. According to scholars, Thomas Hobbes's'superiority theory'that humor arises from mischances, infirmities, and indecencies, where there is no wit at all applies to most humor. With the exception of good-natured play, Charles R. Gruner claims that humor is rarely as innocent as it first appears.Gruner's proposed superiority theory of humor is all-encompassing. In The Game of Humor, he expands the scope of Hobbes's theory to include and explore the contest aspect of'good-natured'play. As such, the author believes all instances of humor can be examined as games, in terms of competition and keeping score winners and losers. Gruner draws on a broad spectrum of thought-provoking examples. Holocaust jokes, sexual humor, the racialist dialogue of such comic characters as Stepin Fetchit and Archie Bunker, simple puns, and many of the author's own encounters with everyday humor. Gruner challenges the reader to offer a single example of humor that cannot be'de-humorized'by its agonistic nature.The Game of Humor makes intriguing and enjoyable reading for people interested in humor and the aspects of human motivation. This book will also be valuable to professionals in communication and information studies, sociologists, literary critics and linguists, and psychologists concerned with the conflicts and tensions of everyday life.

'Kingsley Davis (1908-1997) was one of the pioneers in social demography, and was particularly identified with the theory of the demographic transition. This holds that the process of industrialization first causes mortality to decline, leading to a substantial rate of population growth and only later causes fertility to fall, leading eventually to the cessation of population growth. Kingsley Davis is especially remembered for his arresting and forceful critique of family-planning programs intended to achieve zero population growth.Before he devoted his major attention to social demography, Davis had distinguished himself through influential articles on the structure of family and kinship, including the topics of jealousy and sexual property, the sociology of prostitution, and illegitimacy. He had an early interest in structural-functional analysis, which resulted in his famous and controversial article on stratification, co-authored with Wilbert Moore, and his equally famous presidential address to the American Sociological Association in 1959.David Heer's biography of Kingsley Davis is based on material contained in the Kingsley Davis Archive at the Hoover Institution Library at Stanford University, the Kingsley Davis graduate file at Harvard University, the interview of Kingsley Davis by Jean van der Tak in Demographic Destinies (1990), and David Heer's personal relationship with Kingsley Davis. The book also contains thirty of the most important writings by Kingsley Davis. These were chosen, in part, for the number of citations received in the Cumulative Social Science Citation Index, and in part to ensure that readers would be able to assess the continuity of Kingsley Davis's ideas at all stages of his career.'

Is the consciousness of Americans in the midst of dramatic transformation? Or do people think and feel much the same as they have always thought and felt? Do most people enjoy their work, or hate it? Is the American family being replaced by new institutional forms, or is it much the same as it was in the 1950's? Have material values been replaced by a'postmaterial consciousness'in a postindustrial society? Are Americans becoming more conservative, less conservative, or staying about the same? State of the Masses asks the important questions.Originally published in 1986, this prescient study evaluate the views of social critics, neo-conservatives, neo-Marxists, post-industrialists, and the theorists of the little man, who puport to describe the nature, social conditions, outlooks, and motivations of the American populace. The claims of one group are often diametrically opposed to those of another. The authors make the case for which claims can be considered true and which false. Hamilton and Wright analyze the contradictory claims and compares their implications with the best social science research and data available at that time. They also explore the implications for theories in light of the conflicting portrait the evidence provides. The authors conclude with a new perspective for understanding continuities and changes in the United States. This is a prescient view of American society during turmoil, and a model for how social science research can be used predictively.

La posture analytique adoptée ici est celle d'un questionnement sur les dynamiques paradoxalement ambiguës du marché local de l'enseignement supérieur (en particulier au Sénégal), sur l'entrepreneuriat de l'enseignement et ses processus de (re)configuration. Elle interroge aussi la double complexité des classes moyennes, à savoir la complexité qui leur est inhérente, complexité compliquée d'un débat sur leur existence dans les sociétés africaines.

En se basant sur la biographie de 278 diplomates marocains, l'auteur propose une étude comparée des biographies du personnel diplomatique du Maroc indépendant. De quelle origine sociale sont-ils issus? Quel est leur niveau d'études? Sont-ils des diplomates de carrière ou des'parachutés'? Sont-ils proches du'Maghzen'? Quelles est la place des Juifs du Maroc et celle des femmes en leur sein? Cette analyse se base sur la sociologie d'un Etat connu pour la complexité de ses institutions sociales et politiques.

Education and the arts offer multiple, mutually clarifying lenses through which to examine and understand issues of poverty and empowerment. Here, both are combined in a fascinating look at how these two often overlooked elements promote social equality and cultivate personal agency across Africa's diverse political-economic landscapes.

Militär und Soldaten sind zu unverzichtbaren Elementen in einem breitgefächerten politischen Instrumentarium geworden, mit dem Deutschland seinen neuen Sicherheitsaufgaben in der globalisierten Welt begegnet. Die mit dieser Entwicklung verbundenen neuen Strukturen, Organisationsformen und Funktionsbestimmungen von Streitkräften sind gerade in den Sozialwissenschaften auf ein lebhaftes Interesse gestoßen und zum Gegenstand intensiver Forschung geworden. Das vorliegende Handbuch zeigt in 50 Beiträgen die beachtliche Breite und Tiefe des Wissenschaftsgebietes ‚Militär und Sozialwissenschaft'auf, in der es in Deutschland sowie im internationalen Bereich bearbeitet und diskutiert wird.

The completion of this volume would not have been possible without the generous and dedicated help of numerous people. The book had its genesis in a conference held at Cornell University in the fall of 1990 that was organized by Dudley Poston, Paul Eberts, and Michael Hannan, all professors at the time at Cornell. With the very generous financial assistance of David Call, then the dean of Cornell's College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Poston, Eberts, and Hannan put together a two-day conference oflectures and papers by human ecologists from Cornell University and elsewhere. The conference focused on sociological human ecology and celebrated the fortieth anniversary of the publication of Amos Hawley's Human Ecology (Ronald Press 1950). Professor Hawley was the keynote speaker at the conference. Many of the authors of the chapters in this volume presented earlier versions at the Cornell conference in 1990. Cornell's Departments of Rural Sociology and Sociology also contrib­ uted financial assistance; however, without Dean Call's very generous support, the conference would not have been possible. A few months after the conference, Poston and Michael Micklin discussed the possibility of asking the various authors of the Cornell conference papers to revise them for publication in a volume on sociological human ecology. Many opted to do so, but others did not because of time and other kinds of commitments and constraints.

In Liberal Barbarism, Erik Ringmar sets out to explain the 1860 destruction of Yuanmingyuan - the Chinese imperial palace north-west of Beijing - at the hands of British and French armies. Yuanmingyuan was the emperor's own theme-park, a perfect world, a vision of paradise, which housed one of the greatest collections of works of art ever assembled. The intellectual puzzle which the book addresses concerns why the Europeans, bent on'civilizing'the Chinese, engaged in this act of barbarism. The answer is provided through an analysis of the performative aspect of the confrontation between Europe and China, focusing on the differences in the way their respective international systems were conceptualized. Ringmar reveals that the destruction of Yuanmingyuan represented the Europeans'campaign to'shock and awe'the Chinese, thereby forcing them to give up their way of organizing international relations. The contradictions which the events of 1860 exemplify - the contradiction between civilization and barbarism - is a theme running through all European (and North American) relations with the rest of the world since, including, most recently, the US war in Iraq.

In 1980 Polish workers astonished the world by demanding and winning an independent union with the right to strike, called Solidarity--the beginning of the end of the Soviet empire. Jack M. Bloom's Seeing Through the Eyes of the Polish Revolution explains how it happened, from the imposition to Communism to its end, based on 150 interviews of Solidarity leaders, activists, supporters and opponents. Bloom presents the perspectives and experiences of these participants. He shows how an opposition was built, the battle between Solidarity and the ruling party, the conflicts that emerged within each side during this tense period, how Solidarity survived the imposition of martial law and how the opposition forced the government to negotiate itself out of power.

This book describes twelve inventions that transformed the United States from a rural and small-town community to an industrial country of unprecedented power. These inventions demonstrate that no one person is ever responsible for technological advances and that the culture produces a number of people who work together to create each new invention. The book also shows the influences of technology on society and examines the beliefs and attitudes of those who partake in technological advances. The book is both a sociological analysis and a history of technology in the United States in the past two hundred years.

'Who rules in Eastern Europe?'became a fundamental question for western researchers and other observers after communist regimes were established in the region, and it gained further importance as state socialism expanded into Central Europe after the Second World War. A political order which, according to Leninist theory of the state and to subsequent Stalinist political practice, was primarily a highly centralised and repressive power organisation, directed, as if it were natural, researchers attention towards the highest echelon of office holders in party and state. Extreme centralisation of power in these regimes was consequently linked to an elitist approach to analysing them from a distant viewpoint. It is one of the many paradoxes of state socialism, that a social and political order which presumptuously claimed to be the final destination of historical development and to be based on deterministic laws of social evolution, which claimed an egalitarian nature and denied the significance of the individual, was per­ ceived through the idiosyncrasies, rivalries and personal traits of its rulers. The largest part of these societies remained in grey obscurity, onlyoccasion­ ally revealing bits of valid information about a social life distant from the centres of power. It is debatable whether this top-headedness of western re­ search into communist societies created a completely distorted picture of re­ ality, however, it certainly contributed to an overestimation of the stability of these regimes, an underestimation of their factual diversity and a misjudge­ ment of the extent of conflicts and cleavages dividing them.

So alt der Brauch ist, einem verdienten Gelehrten Geburtstagsglück­ wünsche besonderer Art - in Form einer Festschrift - auszusprechen, so alt ist auch die Schwierigkeit, auszudrücken, was man ihm mit dieser wissenschaftlichen Gabe gleichzeitig sagen möchte. Es will uns gut und richtig erscheinen, daß solche Werke nicht nur dem Forscher und Lehrer gelten, sondern auch - und nicht weniger - dem Menschen. Und bei der Uberlegung, wie man dies nun schicklich und verständlich ausdrücken könne, erweist sich bald, daß es sich hier ja gar nicht um zwei verschie­ denartige und getrennten Bereiche (oder sollte man gar Qualitäten sagen?) handelt, sondern, daß diese beiden Wesenheiten untrennbar, eins sind. Somit könnten und sollten wir darauf verzichten, dem Forscher und Gelehrten Kar! Valentin Müller und dem liebenswerten Menschen dieses Werk in die Hand zu geben; sie gilt dem humanen Gelehrten und dem gelehrten Menschen. Wer wollte sagen, was überwiegt? Geburtstage, so will es scheinen, sind auch für die Gratulanten ein Anruf zur Besinnung; es steht für sie der zu Feiernde nicht nur im Lichte dieses Tages, sondern vielmehr noch im Ablauf der Zeit; und plötzlich wird so manche längst vergangene Stunde, manches schon vergessene Gespräch wieder lebendig. Man erinnert sich gemeinsamer Sorgen wie auch mancher Freude über Erreichtes.

In this timely volume, the authors provide a penetrating analysis of the institutional mechanisms perpetuating the related problems of minorities'disenfranchisement and their underrepresentation on juries.

La réalisation d'une étude empirique a permis de mettre en avant la meilleure qualité de l'adaptation des étudiants issus d'écoles à pédagogies nouvelles lors de leur arrivée dans l'enseignement supérieur : ils présentent moins de symptômes anxieux et dépressifs, et obtiennent de meilleurs résultats scolaires au cours de la première année. Cet ouvrage apporte une contribution unique à la compréhension de l'apport des écoles différentes au devenir de leurs élèves.

Marguerite Yourcenar en poésie est la première étude critique consacrée aux rapports complexes et féconds entretenus par une figure singulière de la littérature française du XXe siècle avec la poésie. Lectrice fervente dont la bibliothèque témoigne de la diversité de ses passions poétiques, traductrice et critique de plusieurs grandes figures de la poésie universelle mais aussi poète fidèle à la tradition française héritée de Hugo et de Baudelaire, Yourcenar n'a cessé de questionner le fait poétique, véritable source souterraine qui irrigue l'ensemble de son œuvre. De sa découverte de la poésie à ses choix esthétiques à contre-courant des avant-gardes qui ont marqué son époque, du décryptage de ses propres poèmes à sa pratique de la traduction comme réécriture complice, de ses relations avec les poètes de son temps à l'analyse de son activité de critique, pour la première fois, l'auteur retrace l'itinéraire intime de Marguerite Yourcenar à la fois au cœur et en marge de la grande poésie du XXe siècle. Nourri de nombreux textes et témoignages inédits et explorant des domaines encore en friche, comme l'analyse génétique de la bibliothèque de Marguerite Yourcenar, l'essai d'Achmy Halley lève le voile sur un pan non négligeable de l'œuvre de l'auteur de Mémoires d'Hadrien, laissé jusqu'alors dans l'ombre. En proposant, selon la belle formule de Michel Foucault, une « archéologie du silence » qui entoure la relation de Yourcenar avec la poésie, l'auteur redonne à l'acte poétique la place qui lui revient au cœur du processus d'écriture de celle qui se considérait avant tout comme poète.

Discussion of Mexican migration to the United States is often infused with ideological rhetoric, untested theories, and few facts. In Crossing the Border, editors Jorge Durand and Douglas Massey bring the clarity of scientific analysis to this hotly contested but under-researched topic. Leading immigration scholars use data from the Mexican Migration Project—the largest, most comprehensive, and reliable source of data on Mexican immigrants currently available—to answer such important questions as: Who are the people that migrate to the United States from Mexico? Why do they come? How effective is U.S. migration policy in meeting its objectives? Crossing the Border dispels two primary myths about Mexican migration: First, that those who come to the United States are predominantly impoverished and intend to settle here permanently, and second, that the only way to keep them out is with stricter border enforcement. Nadia Flores, Rubén Hernández-León, and Douglas Massey show that Mexican migrants are generally not destitute but in fact cross the border because the higher comparative wages in the United States help them to finance homes back in Mexico, where limited credit opportunities makes it difficult for them to purchase housing. William Kandel's chapter on immigrant agricultural workers debunks the myth that these laborers are part of a shadowy, underground population that sponges off of social services. In contrast, he finds that most Mexican agricultural workers in the United States are paid by check and not under the table. These workers pay their fair share in U.S. taxes and—despite high rates of eligibility—they rarely utilize welfare programs. Research from the project also indicates that heightened border surveillance is an ineffective strategy to reduce the immigrant population. Pia Orrenius demonstrates that strict barriers at popular border crossings have not kept migrants from entering the United States, but rather have prompted them to seek out other crossing points. Belinda Reyes uses statistical models and qualitative interviews to show that the militarization of the Mexican border has actually kept immigrants who want to return to Mexico from doing so by making them fear that if they leave they will not be able to get back into the United States. By replacing anecdotal and speculative evidence with concrete data, Crossing the Border paints a picture of Mexican immigration to the United States that defies the common knowledge. It portrays a group of committed workers, doing what they can to realize the dream of home ownership in the absence of financing opportunities, and a broken immigration system that tries to keep migrants out of this country, but instead has kept them from leaving.

As America begins the 21st century there is growing outcry across the land for reform of the nation's chaotic immigration policies. This text shows how immigration patterns are in direct conflict with emerging labour market trends and constitute a serious threat to the jobs of American workers.

Online version of the 5 v. encyclopedia published in 2000.

The Emerging City was written at a time when the great transformation from urban to suburban lifestyle was under way. It is a tribute to Scott Greer that his work understood the new contours of the city, and also well appreciated that far from spelling the end of urban life, the new developments in communication and transportation only served to change the social and political structure of modern societies. Greer established the principle that in urban affairs, public policy follows the market. The task of this fine work was to chart just how this flow took place.A careful researcher and writer, Scott Greer herein poses the largest questions of urban existence: What needs for fellowship and freedom are bedrock? What is gained and what is lost as urbanization unfolds? Can one speak of certain urban arrangements as good or bad for humans? The Emerging City attempts a theory of society within which the changing city could be interpreted at the social, political, and symbolic levels. The modern city is no longer an autonomous unit, but very much a part of, often at the center of, national and even international developments. As Janet Abu-Lughod points out in her sharp introduction most of the themes that are now in common usage owe their beginnings to Scott Greer.

First published in 1996. One of the primary goals of this series has been to explore new areas of criminology and criminal justice, topics that constitute the frontiers of the field. This work, edited by Sally Edwards, Terry Edwards and Charles Fields exemplifies that purpose in its coverage of environmental crime. While corporate and political crime developed slowly into mainstream criminology over the last half century, environmental crime, as an area of emphasis is still in its infancy. It is unusual to have many varied and informative perspectives early in a subject's development. This volume, however, demonstrates that many people are already examining environmental crime perhaps as an extension of both the greater environmental movement and the broadening of the popular parameters of crime.

First published in 1998. This volume is IX in the international library of sociology collection and focuses on social casework principles and practice. The text attempts to describe some of the main problems facing caseworkers as they both try to help their clients and to theorize about their methods and objectives to discern the knowledge they use and apply; and to appraise the significance of the social agencies in which they work.

First Published in 1974. In this collection Colin Bell and Howard Newby have reaped a rich harvest from the sociological field of community studies. The selection from the work in that field presented here should satisfy readers of many different tastes and interests. Specialists in the sociology of community studies will find the authors'brief, informative and succinct survey of the field and the introductory summaries to each chapter as useful for their own teaching and research as the comprehensive selection of articles itself. All those concerned with the welfare of people, whether social workers and nurses or magistrates and local authorities, will find here information about the community aspects of peoples'lives which all too often still fails to find a place in their professional training.