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Classic and Contemporary Readings in Sociology introduces the reader to sociological issues, theories and debates, providing extracts of primary source material, from both classical and contemporary theorists. Theorists are examined within their historical and sociological framework and the text provides an analysis of developments in sociological thought and research. The text is divided into four main sections: Part One, Origins and Concepts, surveys the history of the discipline of sociology and examines key themes which have influenced sociological theorising and investigation, in particular, social control, culture and socialisation. Parts Two and Four, Sociological Theories and Sociological Research, include a number of readings from the founding theorists and investigators, including Auguste Comte, Emile Durkheim, Karl Marx, Max Weber and Charles Booth, and also include more recent theoretical writing and research approaches. The focus on theory and research is extended by a selection of readings centred around the theme of Differences and Inequalities (Part Three); these readings provide students with examples of work from an area where sociological theorising and research has been widely applied.

This book explains how the Columbia model of sociology, which was based on the methodology of P.F. Lazarsfeld, became a dominant sociological school of thought in American and European postwar sociology.Providing an overview of Lazarsfeld's inventions and his methodological, organisational, and institutional innovations, it describes the means by which a particular model of sociology was gradually adopted in departments headed by Lazarsfeld and in the work of his successors. With attention to the use by Lazarsfeld of methodological texts published by prestigious publishing houses in his research and teaching, his activity in international organisations – including the UN – his collaboration with figures such as Robert K. Merton and Raymond Boudon, and his attempts to show how the roots of his empirical research methodology lay in the work of early European scholars, this volume shows how a particular sociological paradigm came to prevail over others for more than a decade.It will therefore appeal to scholars of sociology with interests in the history of the discipline and questions of research methodology.

This book introduces the reader to basic concepts, origin and development of Urban Sociology and its importance in present era. The book provides a detailed overview of all the aspects of the urban community and urban social movement. It elaborates on process of urbanisation and the changing facets of urban communities. This book would be immensely useful to students, teachers, researchers and sociologists working in the field of urban sociology and it is an essential resource for students of urban studies.

Drawing on the works of ten scholars and public intellectuals ranging over 200 years, this book foregrounds ways of knowing that include but go beyond the cognitive.The book explores the work of Harriet Martineau, Jane Addams, W. E. B. Du Bois, Zora Neale Hurston, Ella Deloria, M. N. Srinivas, Barbara Myerhoff, Orlando Fals Borda, Ronald Takaki and Nawal El Saadawi. The author discusses their multifaceted ethnographic practices and argues that such practices are still under-acknowledged in contemporary research in comparison to cognition and categorization. These scholars were outsiders to their societies in a variety of ways. They highlighted power imbalances in the perception and representation of one group by another and brought direct experience, emotion, narrative, imagination, recognition, self-reflection, activism and cultural humility into their writing, in addition to rationality. The book engages with the authors and their ideas in the context of their times and places. It also reclaims them as methodological predecessors, noting their contributions to what educational ethnography has been and what it could be in the future.Expanding the canon of social research history and providing insight into unique methodological forms, this text will be valuable for scholars and postgraduate students with interests in ethnography, as well as the history of research, anthropology and qualitative methods more broadly.

This book examines the efforts of the government in Scotland to manage the increase of migrants travelling to Britain at the end of the nineteenth century. Focussing on the period between 1885 and 1939, the book explores how the Scottish machinery of government handled the administration of ‘foreigners.'The author uses a comparative, thematic approach to analyse migrant experiences, identities, and relationships with state institutions. Drawing from state records held by the National Records of Scotland in Edinburgh, the book argues that Scottish officials in semi-autonomous boards began to recognise, describe and enumerate the presence of the ‘foreigner'in the early twentieth century, framing their handling of foreignness in accordance with the Aliens Act of 1905. The author goes on to explain that institutions operating in Scotland developed a distinctly Scottish approach to alien matters, which continued up until the Second Word War. Therefore, an increasing number of importantdecisions affecting migrants were taken by a distinctly Scottish machinery of government, impacting on how Scottish officials understood foreignness, and how those identified as foreigners understood their identity in relation to Scottishness. Contributing significantly to current heated debates on migration and identity amongst researchers and the general public in Europe and beyond, this book provides essential insights into the ways in which a ‘sub-state'began to develop practices, processes and attitudes towards migration which were not always in line with that of the central government.

How will the Covid-19 pandemic be remembered? What did it mean to people? How did it feel? This book provides a compelling account of the pandemic as it was experienced in the UK. Everyday Life in the Covid-19 Pandemic is a democratic history based on the 5,000 diaries collected by Mass Observation on 12 May 2020. It is a record of what many of these diarists wrote, from a wide range of positions, in a variety of voices and on a wealth of different subjects. The book shines a light on their lives on the day in question, their experiences during the first two months of the pandemic, and their hopes and fears for the coming months and years. The diaries capture much of everyday life in the pandemic for millions of people in the UK and beyond: the activities, events, and rituals (from funerals to working from home); the sites and stages (from shops to Zoom); the roles and categories (from'key workers'to'vulnerable groups'); the frames (from luck to'the new normal'); and the moods (from anxiety to grief). In these diaries, we see what people did when the pandemic arrived in the UK, but also what people thought and felt – how they interpreted the pandemic experience and gave it meaning. We see both how the nation responded and the nation who responded. The book also includes two essays offering expert contextualisation of the diaries and discussion of their value for narrating the pandemic and presenting everyday life.

This book explores how dementia studies relates to dementia's growing public profile and corresponding research economy. The book argues that a neuropsychiatric biopolitics of dementia positions dementia as a syndrome of cognitive decline, caused by discrete brain diseases, distinct from ageing, widely misunderstood by the public, that will one day be overcome through technoscience. This biopolitics generates dementia's public profile and is implicated in several problems, including the failure of drug discovery, the spread of stigma, the perpetuation of social inequalities and the lack of support that is available to people affected by dementia. Through a failure to critically engage with neuropsychiatric biopolitics, much dementia studies is complicit in these problems. Drawing on insights from critical psychiatry and critical gerontology, this book explores these problems and the relations between them, revealing how they are facilitated by neuro-agnostic dementia studies work that lacks robust biopolitical critiques and sociopolitical alternatives. In response, the book makes the case for a more biopolitically engaged'neurocritical'dementia studies and shows how such a tradition might be realised through the promotion of a promissory sociopolitics of dementia.The Open Access version of this book, available at www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 license. Funded by University of Manchester, UK.

Ein berühmter, immer wieder zitierter Satz von Max lautet: „Interessen (materielle und ideelle), nicht: Ideen, beherrschen unmittelbar das Handeln der Menschen. Aber: die ‚Weltbilder‘, welche durch ‚Ideen‘ geschaffen wurden, haben sehr oft als Weichensteller die Bahnen bestimmt, in denen die Dynamik der Interessen das Handeln fortbewegte.“ Die neuere Soziologie ist diesem Grundsatz allerdings nicht gerecht geworden. Werte und ihre Wirkung werden entweder als gegeben vorausgesetzt (so bei Talcott Parsons) oder überhaupt als irrelevant betrachtet (so in der Rational Choice- und Systemtheorie). Die umfangreiche, empirische Werteforschung hat vielfältige Ergebnisse erbracht, blieb jedoch weitgehend ohne theoretisches Fundament, sodass ihre Befunde vielfach anfechtbar sind. Weber selbst gab im Hinblick auf die Frage nach der Relevanz der Werte nur unbefriedigende Antworten: Die Entscheidung für bestimmte Werte sei eine rein individuelle Angelegenheit und zwischen den verschiedenenWerten gebe es einen unversöhnlichen Kampf. Im vorliegenden Buch wird diese Problematik erstmals in der deutschen Soziologie umfassend untersucht und es wird dafür (u.a. im Anschluss an Autoren wie Immanuel Kant, George H. Mead und Raymond Boudon), eine neue, konstruktive und erklärungsstarke Lösung gefunden. Unter Zuhilfenahme von Überlegungen aus Philosophie, Sozialtheorie und empirischer Sozialforschung sowie unter Einbeziehung historischer Kämpfe zur Anerkennung und Durchsetzung der Werte kann man feststellen, dass es gesellschaftliche Grundwerte gibt, dass deren Anzahl klar bestimmbar ist und dass zwischen ihnen keineswegs Konflikt, sondern Komplementarität besteht. Mit diesen Thesen und Befunden kann dieses Buch als neues soziologisches Standardwerk angesehen werden. Es hat auch für Vertreter vieler anderer geistes- und sozialwissenschaftlicher Disziplinen grundlegende Bedeutung.

Shirts, Shifts and Sheets of Fine Linen explores how the jobs of the'seamstress'evolved in scope, and status, between 1600-1900.In the 17th and early 18th centuries, seamstressing was a trade for women who worked in linen and cotton, making men's shirts, women's chemises, underwear and baby linen; some of these seamstresses were consummate craftswomen, able to sew with stitches almost invisible to the naked eye. Few examples of their work survive, but those that do attest to their skill. However, as the ready-to-wear trade expanded in the 18th century, women who assembled these garments were also known as seamstresses, and by the 1840s, most seamstresses were outworkers for companies or entrepreneurs, paid unbelievably low rates per dozen for the garments they produced, notorious examples of downtrodden, exploited womenfolk. Drawing on a range of original and hitherto unpublished sources, including business diaries, letters and bills, Shirts, Shifts and Sheets of Fine Linen explores the seamstress's change of status in the 19th century and the reasons for it, hinting at the resurgence of the trade today given so few women today are skilled at repairing and altering clothes. Illustrated with 60 images, the book brings seamstresses into focus as real people, granting new insights into working class life in 18th- and 19th-century Britain.

In Food, John Coveney examines ‘food as …'identity, politics, industry, regulation, the environment, justice and gastronomy. He explores how food helps us understand what it means to be human.The centrality of food in life, and the importance of food as life, is undeniable. As a source of biological substrates, personal pleasure and political power, food is and has been an enduring requirement of human biological, social and cultural existence. In recent years, interest in food has increased across the academic, public and popular spheres, fuelled by popular media's constant play on the role of food and body size, and food and cooking, as a mass spectacle for TV audiences. Through food, we construct our social identities, our families and communities. However, Coveney also highlights the tensions between the industrialisation of food, the environment, and the iniquitous distribution of food. He also considers how the food industries, on which most of us must rely, have also had direct effects on our bodies through diet, and the development of illness and diseases.This accessible primer is for students and general readers alike, indeed, for anyone with an interest in food. It questions the idea that food is merely something inert on the plate. Instead, it shows how influential, symbolic, powerful and transformative food has come to be.

Dans la foulée de ses livres antérieurs, Sociologie de l'éthique et La grammaire de la responsabilité, Jean-Louis Genard poursuit, dans le présent ouvrage, une étude historique et sociologique des mutations de nos coordonnées anthropologiques, soit les diverses conceptions de l'humain, de ses rapports sociaux et de sa place dans le monde. Il montre comment ces coordonnées anthropologiques s'incrustent dans diverses pratiques sociales et dans des dispositifs d'action publique, dans divers savoirs, particulièrement les théories et les courants sociologiques, mais aussi dans les relations vécues au quotidien. Il propose ainsi une nouvelle compréhension des rapports humains, de leurs rapports au monde et au savoir, soit tout autant une sociologie de l'anthropologie qu'une anthropologie de la sociologie.

This book analyzes the culture wars as those struggles for the monopoly of the legitimate representation of the world in the normative elucidation of controversial issues linked to values. Public culture in this context would consist of a set of complex classificatory systems of symbols and meanings that constitute a semantic field in permanent dynamic tension. In this work we analyze a whole series of lines of cultural conflict such as the social and semantic genesis of the different forms of “culture war” from the thesis of “modern polytheism” pointed out by Max Weber at the beginning of the 20th century to the national culture wars and the current global culture wars; the social production of truth and the clash with the epistemological tribalisms; the struggles between the new warrior gods, daimons and demons that emerge in modern societies; the struggles of fusion and fission on the symbolic battlefield of “Europe”; the struggles between “pioneers” and “gatekeepers” to define the limits of human nature; the struggles between utopias and dystopias that colonize the present future. This book will be of great help to anybody looking for key interpretations on the nature and structure of modern conflicts in contemporary societies.

Originally published in 1976 under the title Modernization, Exploitation and Dependency in Latin America, and again in 1988 under the current title, the author describes, examines and introduces the life and work of three of the most important figures in the development of comparative politics and political sociology: Gino Germani (Argentina), Pablo Gonzales Casanova (Mexico) and Fernando Henrique Cardoso (Brazil). At the time of its first publication, the book introduced those three Latin American sociologists to the North American social and political science community. However, as Peter Evans points out in his introduction, the book had not lost its importance in the intervening years. Rather, the subsequent developments in comparative scholarship have only highlighted the influence of the three Latin Americans. The developments in comparative and political social science can virtually only be understood in the light of the influence that the thought of Germani, Gonzales Casanova and Cardoso had on the discussions in North America.

Britons all getting poorer. What does that look like for British children, and their life chances? If we found seven typical 5-year-olds to represent today's UK, who would they be? What would their stories reveal? Seven Children is about injustice and hope. Danny Dorling's highly original book constructs seven'average'children from millions of statistics--each child symbolizing the very middle of a parental income bracket, from the poorest to the wealthiest. Dorling's seven were born in 2018, when the UK faced its worst inequality since the Great Depression and became Europe's most socially divided nation. They turned 5 in 2023, amid a devastating cost-of-living crisis. Their country has Europe's fastest-rising child poverty rates, and even the best-off of the seven is disadvantaged. Yet aspirations endure. Immersive, surprising and thought-provoking, Seven Children gets to the heart of post-pandemic Britain's most pressing issues. What do we miss when we focus only on the superrich and the most deprived? What kinds of lives are British children living between the extremes? Why are most British parents on below-average income? Who are today's real middle class? And how can we reverse the trends leaving all children worse off than their parents?

Despite employee engagement literature spanning more than three decades, persistent challenges remain, and many seem to be permeating organizations from the outside in. Organizations invested in current structures, adhering to larger cultural ideas and taking cues from other organizations compartmentalize engagement as a people problem and relegate it to a space outside of normal operations. This is the employee engagement dilemma. The US macro-cultural lens focusing on individualism and meritocracy reinforces and confirms this approach and the logic underlying it. These cultural ideas drive scholars and practitioners toward ever closer examination of circumstances within organizational settings, and so the dilemma remains. In the context of the Fourth Industrial Revolution and the Great Resignation, the employee engagement stakes have never been higher, especially for organizations with remote workforces. In A Creative Approach to the Employee Engagement Dilemma: Larger Cultural Influences and New Theoretical Insights, Fisher employs a symbolic interactionist lens and other theoretical tools to interrogate the current trajectory and make visible foundational cultural assumptions operating in and influencing organizations from the outside that delimit our thinking about and undermine engagement before it even begins. Equipped with these larger cultural insights, Fisher then revisits the engagement literature and broader scholarly offerings to pull in novel insights, applied research solutions, and new directions for future studies.

This book explores G.D.H Cole's significant yet often overlooked role in the history of British Sociology from 1920-1960. Eager to achieve a sense of scientific legitimacy following its institutionalisation in the early 1900s, British sociology had no space for a scholar like Cole, who saw sociology as an innately normative and political project which, in his case, was dedicated to the development of socialism. Conceptualising Cole's relationship to sociology as one of semi-alienation - suggesting an openness to the principles of the discipline yet disagreement with the form it takes in the current day - Dawson shows how Cole made a number of important sociological contributions which were grounded in an early form of structuration theory, including the production of one of Britain's first sociology textbooks and an early monograph on the sociology of class. A passionate advocate for what sociology could be, Cole was a promoter of the sociological Marx and interrogator of Durkheim as part of his desire to develop sociology in Britain, including at his own institute of the University of Oxford. Cole also produced a distinctive corpus of public and creative sociology expressed in newspaper articles, poems and songs. Drawing on archival research Dawson reintegrates Cole into the history of British Sociology, and in so doing offers valuable insight into sociology's history and its contemporary form, emphasising a normative, critical and public form of the discipline.

Emphasising the social, critical and situated dimensions of the urban, this comprehensive Research Handbook presents a unique collection of theoretical and empirical perspectives on urban sociology. Bringing together expert contributors from across the world, it provides a rich overview and research agenda for contemporary urban sociological scholarship.Chapters highlight the macro-historical context of the urban, and conduct a critical and reflexive review of mainstream theories and concepts. They examine key debates in urban sociology, analysing varied approaches to gentrification, neighbourhood effects, race and gender. Looking beyond the dominant anglophone academic sphere, contributors explore case studies from diverse world regions and local settings. Ultimately, the Research Handbook clarifies and advances the wide range of contemporary sociological approaches to urban studies.The Research Handbook on Urban Sociology will prove to be a vital read for researchers and students across sociology, geography, anthropology, urban planning and design, economics and political science. It will also be of great benefit to practitioners and policy-makers seeking to better understand the urban space.

It seems clear that many formerly stable societies in wealthy developed countries appear to be falling into an apparent state of ‘permacrisis'accompanied by an increasingly angry and irrational social and political culture that is undermining the peace and stability of our societies and democratic institutions, from the local to the global. Applying an original biosocial approach (the social map), and drawing on ideas and evidence from sociology, history and political economy, to psychology, neuroscience and epigenetics, John Bone argues that conditions in our turbocapitalist and increasingly estranged, media dominated societies have created a toxic environment, deeply damaging to our mental and physical health. As well as shedding new light on our current troubles, Bone also outlines why this leaves us ill prepared to deal with two of the greatest challenges confronting humanity: the rise of AI and automation and how we deal with climate change.

The police response to protests erupting on America's streets in recent years has made the militarization of policing painfully transparent. Yet, properly demilitarizing the police requires a deeper understanding of its historical development, causes, and social logics. Policing Empires offers a postcolonial historical sociology of police militarization in Britain and the United States to aid that effort. Julian Go tracks when, why, and how British and US police departments have adopted military tactics, tools, and technologies for domestic use. Go reveals that police militarization has occurred since the very founding of modern policing in the nineteenth century into the present, and that it is an effect of the'imperial boomerang.'Policing Empires thereby unlocks the dirty secret of police militarization: Police have brought imperial practices home to militarize themselves in response to perceived racialized threats from minority and immigrant populations.

Dieser Sammelband vereinigt 21 Aufsätze zu drei zentralen und immer aktuellen Themenbereichen der Stadtpolitik und Stadtforschung: 1) Wohnen und Quartier, 2) Stadt- und Siedlungsentwicklung, 3) Raumbezogene Forschung und Reflexion. Zusammengenommen zeichnen die Beiträge nicht nur ein komplexes und kritisches Bild der aktuellen Tendenzen der Stadtentwicklung, sondern sie zeigen auch die Vielfalt soziologischer Herangehensweisen bei deren Erforschung und Deutung. Mit dem Sammelwerk möchten die Herausgeber•innen und Autor•innen die Stadtsoziologin Ingrid Breckner ehren, die im Oktober 2024 ihren 70. Geburtstag feiert. Ingrid Breckner war lange Jahre auch Mitherausgeberin der VS-Reihe'Stadt - Raum - Gesellschaft', in der dieser Band erscheint. Zielgruppe sind Studierende und Wissenschaftler•innen aus dem Feld der Stadtforschung sowie weitere Personen, die sich für Stadtentwicklung interessieren.

Dieses Handbuch präsentiert unterschiedliche Perspektiven auf Landschaft und zeigt die Disziplinen mit ihren Landschaftsverständnissen auf. Ziel ist es, einen Überblick über den aktuellen Stand der Landschaftsforschung zu geben und gleichzeitig die Zukunft der Landschaftsforschung zu beleuchten. Die Autor•innen sind Expert•innen auf ihren Gebieten und im deutschen Sprachraum einschlägig bekannt.

The second edition of Classical and Contemporary Social Theory provides wraparound coverage of the classical social theorists and influential sociological schools of thought in the contemporary period.Explained carefully and clearly throughout, Tim Delaney reviews the key concepts and contributions from brilliant classical social thinkers and recent sociological thought, spanning over 500 years of source material. He weaves together profiles of leading theorists, thorough descriptions of major academic and intellectual perspectives, and discussion of prevailing themes of interest that have concerned theorists and sociologists throughout time and will likely continue to do so in the future. The book emphasizes methods of investigation and application in its overview of the field by challenging readers to think about problems critically and in relation to key sociological theories and to also apply their sociological understanding to real, everyday events.In this new edition, Delaney revisits the classical period and highlights the special contributions of American social theorists and their impact on the diversity of thought leading into the contemporary era. He attends to later schools of thought and weaves in important updates related to critical race theory and globalization. With updated context and further applications, the second edition of Classical and Contemporary Social Theory is a perfect addition to combined courses in social theory.

In an era of pandemic infection, the importance of hygiene at home and in public spaces has never been greater. This book recaptures the buried history of the household science movement, including domestic science teaching, public health, higher education for women and the scientific content and aims of domestic science courses. It explores how it was viewed in the context of new public health concerns and as a driver to opening higher education to women, raising questions about the legacy and modern relevance of the household science movement.

This book tackles poverty and policy issues in the UK by discussing successful projects and practices, across lots of short chapters. The first section provides a brief history overview of poverty in the UK over the past two hundred years and discusses the question of why the UK, as a wealthy western nation, still has a poverty issue. It discusses various vulnerable groups and contextual factors which lead to these inequalities. The second section articulates what anti-poverty work is and shares project examples from across the country where anti-poverty workers are supporting people to survive and then to thrive. Lived experiences voices are articulated to present examples of poverty being experienced. This book draws on academic and practitioner work and aims to equip the activist and inform the student, academic and policy maker.

Temporalität ist eine der grundlegenden Herausforderungen der Forschung, die im Fluss der Zeit Dinge erkennen, definieren und systematisieren möchte. Für die Forschung wird der Ereignisstrom selektiv still gestellt. Damit verschwindet, mit Bourdieu gesprochen, die Dringlichkeit der Praxis. Mit diesem Herausheben und Festhalten von Ereignissen – selbst dann, wenn diese als Prozesse gedacht sind – agiert Forschung als Gegengift zum Zahn der Zeit, bleibt aber selbst auf vielfältige Weise in temporale Strukturen und Abläufe verstrickt, die ihre Erkenntnismöglichkeiten moderieren. Der vorliegende Band nimmt sich des Zusammenhangs von Zeitlichkeit, Forschung und Method(ologi)en an und buchstabiert ihn anhand gedächtnissoziologischer Konzepte und Figuren aus.

Les recherches dans le domaine de la santé recourent de plus en plus fréquemment à des approches qualitatives visant à comprendre des phénomènes sociaux, tels que des représentations, des pratiques, des organisations ou des politiques, à partir de l'étude de discours, d'actions et d'interactions. La connaissance y est envisagée comme une construction, liée à des approches théoriques et empiriques rigoureuses. Leur enseignement a donc un rôle essentiel à jouer dans le développement actuel de la recherche en santé.Ce manuel est à la fois théorique et pratique. Il rappelle l'ancrage historique et disciplinaire des recherches qualitatives en santé et présente ensuite les méthodes de recherche qualitative en exposant leurs fondements, leurs principes, leurs outils et leurs pratiques appliqués à la santé. Il aborde également des questions centrales pour les recherches en santé : les enjeux éthiques, l'interdisciplinarité, les recherches participatives ou encore les manières d'écrire un protocole et de publier ses résultats. Enfin, il illustre la mise en œuvre de ces méthodes à travers des exemples détaillés de recherches qualitatives en santé menées dans différents domaines et selon des approches variées. Il donne ainsi les moyens d'élaborer, selon son niveau, un travail de recherche qualitative.

Uno studioso di straordinaria originalità legge, indaga, riflette sui grandi maestri della teoria sociale e politica: Hobbes, Tocqueville, Durkheim, Pareto, Gramsci, fino a Dahrendorf, Pitkin e Bourdieu. La sua è una lettura ri-teorizzante in cui riflette e indaga sulla loro attualità, che procede selezionando aspetti particolari del loro pensiero, sottoponendolo a un intenso lavoro di approfondimento, quasi di scalpello. Il risultato è di rara preziosità interpretativa.

Dieser Band bietet eine umfassende Geschichte der Soziologie in Großbritannien und verfolgt die Entwicklungen der Disziplin im institutionellen und politischen Kontext.Nachdem er die frühe Entwicklung des Fachs als intellektuelles Feld in empirischer und idealistischer Philosophie, Evolutionismus, Sozialismus und statistischen Untersuchungen nachgezeichnet hat, legt Scott den Weg der Soziologie als institutionalisierte Disziplin dar. Das Buch zeichnet die Ausbreitung des Fachs von der ersten soziologischen Abteilung an der London School of Economics bis hin zur Abdeckung des gesamten Landes nach und geht auf die Gründung bedeutender Berufsverbände und Fachzeitschriften sowie auf die Auswirkungen des Feminismus und des politischen Wandels ein. Scott gibt auch einen Überblick über die theoretische Auseinandersetzung mit dem Marxismus, dem Interaktionismus, dem Feminismus und dem Poststrukturalismus sowie über die Entwicklung der Disziplin durch Forschungsstudien zu Kriminalität, Rasse und ethnischer Zugehörigkeit, Gemeinschaft, Schichtung, Gesundheit, Sexualität und Arbeit.Vor dem Hintergrund eines sich wandelnden politischen Kontextes, in dem der Neoliberalismus und die Globalisierung zunehmen, und mit Blick auf die anhaltende Suche nach'neuen Wegen'leistet dieser Band eine Beitrag zur Verortung der Soziologie in einem globalen Kontext.

Poverty and inequality have pervaded British society to this day, but this has not always been self-evident to contemporaries – popular understandings have depended on existing knowledge. Inequality Knowledge provides the first detailed history of the numbers about the gap between rich and poor. It shows how they were produced, used, and suppressed at times, and how activists, scientists, and journalists eventually wrestled control over the figures from the state. The book traces the making and the politics of statistical knowledge about economic inequality in the United Kingdom from the post-war era to the 1990s. What kind of knowledge was available to contemporaries about socio-economic disparities in Britain and how they evolved over time? How was this knowledge produced and by whom? What did policy makers and civil servants know about the extent of poverty and inequality in British society and to what extent did they take the distributional impact of their social and fiscal policies into account? Far from just a technical matter, inequality knowledge had far-reaching implications for key debates and the wider political culture in contemporary Britain. Historicizing inequality knowledge speaks to a long tradition of historical research about social class divisions and cultural representations of economic disparities in twentieth-century Britain.

In nineteenth-century England, legal conceptions of work and family changed in fundamental ways. Notably, significant legal moves came into play that changed the legal understanding of the family. Constructing the Family examines the evolution of the legal-discursive framework governing work and family relations. Luke Taylor considers the intersecting intellectual and institutional forces that contributed to the dissolution of the household, the establishment of separate spheres of work and family, and the emergence of modern legal and social ideas concerning work and family. He shows how specific legal-institutional moves contributed to the creation of the family's categorical status in the social and legal order and a distinct and exceptional body of rules – Family Law – for its governance. Shedding light on the historical processes that contributed to the emergence of English Family Law, Constructing the Family shows how work and family became separate regulatory domains, and in so doing reveals the contingent nature of the modern legal family.

Bringing together contributions from leading labour market policy scholars from across the globe, this state-of-the-art Handbook offers extensive and compelling analyses of labour market policy in advanced democracies.Drawing on the lively debates on labour market policy that have characterised comparative social policy and comparative political economy scholarship in recent years, the Handbook provides theoretical insights into the core concepts, changing contexts and main actors that shape contemporary labour market policy. Using macro-regional case studies spanning Asia, Australasia, Europe and North America, it offers detailed empirical illustrations of how major labour market policies and institutions have evolved over time and across countries. Chapters further examine the diversity of policy options and their various political implications, assessing the relationship between labour market policy and major socio-economic outcomes, such as inequality, well being and political participation.Integrating cutting-edge theory with rich empirical insights, this incisive Handbook will be an invaluable reference for students and scholars of comparative social policy and comparative political economy. Its comprehensive coverage will also allow policy-makers and practitioners to reflect critically on the role of labour market policy in today's complex societies.

This textbook offers an essential introduction to survey research and quantitative methods with clear instructions on how to conduct statistical tests with R. Building on the premise that we need to teach statistical methods in a holistic and practical format, the book guides students through the four main elements of survey research and quantitative analysis: (1) the importance of survey research, (2) preparing a survey, (3) conducting a survey and (4) analyzing a survey. In detail, students will learn how to create their own questionnaire on the basis of formulating hypotheses; sampling participants; disseminating their questionnaire; creating datasets; and analyzing their data. The data analytical sections of this revised and extended edition explain the theory, rationale and mathematical foundations of relevant bivariate and multi-variate statistical tests. These include the T-test, F-test, Chi-square test and correlation analyses, as well as bivariate and multivariate regression analyses. In addition, the book offers a brief introduction to statistical computing with R, which includes clear instructions on how to conduct these statistical tests in R. Given the breadth of its coverage, the textbook is suitable for introductory statistics, survey research and quantitative methods classes in the social sciences.

Con Sociologías Especializadas III se retoma la tarea iniciada hace ya más de diez años de intentar seguir completando el estado de la cuestión de las ya muy diversas especializaciones en Sociología. La publicación de este nuevo volumen supone contribuir a seguir rellenando el hueco bibliográfico existente en cuanto a presentaciones acerca de las disciplinas sociológicas y, asimismo, a añadir al panorama editorial una mayor profundización en determinadas ramas de las mismas con el ánimo de que sirvan a estudiantes e interesad@s en estas materias a completar conocimientos y, también, a suscitar las reflexiones críticas y los debates siempre oportunos.Nuestra tarea como sociólog@s es nutrir la visión global con conocimientos específicos, pero sin perder de vista el contexto temporal en el que se insertan. Este tercer tomo no es ajeno a que atravesamos un período en el que, acuciados por agudas crisis globales, los procesos políticos, sociales, económicos y culturales que rigen las sociedades capitalistas se hallan sumidos en grandes incertidumbres. Es por esto por lo que las aportaciones incluidas en el presente volumen tienen un carácter más interdisciplinar que en las dos ocasiones anteriores, pues, con ello, se contempla, desde perspectivas diversas, la mayor complejidad de la convulsa y trascendente etapa actual.L@s autor@s: Antón Antónovich, Luis V. Doncel, David Docal, Tomás Gomáriz Acuña, Angel Gordo, Chris H. Gray, Tomás Gutiérrez Barbarrusa, Virginia Gutiérrez Barbarrusa, María Julieta Hough, Coro J-A Juanena, Jesús Martínez Paricio, Sara Núñez de Prado Clavell y Fernando Oliván, docentes, investigador@s y estudios@s de las especialidades contenidas en el texto, confían en proporcionar instrumentos para el trabajo intelectual que ayuden a una mejor comprensión específica de los fenómenos sociales.

Zygmunt Bauman was both an outsider of Western modernity and one of its foremost interpreters. He was an exemplary figure in twentieth-century intellectual work on exile who experienced both Nazi and Soviet forms of totalitarianism.The first work to draw extensively on Bauman's personal archive, Zygmunt Bauman and the West argues that the distinctive social thought that sprang from Bauman's lived experiences of exile amounts to a sustained, sophisticated, and hitherto unappreciated problematization of Eurocentrism and the West. Through an overview of the intellectual's thought and his contribution to sociology, Jack Palmer explores Bauman's experience and interpretation of the West and seeks to understand his work in a broader context, outside of the Eurocentric environment from which it was born. Intervening in a resurgent sociology of intellectuals, Zygmunt Bauman and the West re-evaluates the place of the West in social and political thought.

The Routledge International Handbook of Sociology and Christianity examines the intersection of the sociology of religion – a long-standing focus of sociology as a discipline – and Christianity – the world's largest religion. An internationally representative and thematically comprehensive collection, it analyzes both the sociology of Christianity and Christian approaches to sociology, with attention to the Roman Catholic, Orthodox, and Protestant branches of Christianity. An authoritative, state-of-the-art review of current research, it is organized into five inter-connected thematic sections, considering the overlapping emergence of both the Christian religion and the social science, the conceptualization of and engagement with Christianity by sociological theory, the ways in which Christianity shapes and is shaped by various social institutions, the manner in which Christianity resists and promotes various forms of social change, and the identification, diagnosis, and correction of social problems by sociology and Christianity. This volume is an invaluable collection for scholars and advanced students, with special appeal for those working in the fields of sociology and social theory, as well as religious studies and theology

Fashioning the Self: Identity and Style in British Culture'offers an eclectic approach to contemporary fashion studies. Taking a broad definition of British culture, this collection of essays explores the significance of style to issues such as colonialism, race, gender and class, embracing topics as diverse as eighteenth-century portraiture, literary dress culture and Edwardian working-class glamour. Examining the emblematic power of garments themselves and the context in which they are styled, this work interrogates the ways that personal style can itself decontextualize garments to radically reframe their meanings. Using an intentionally eclectic range of subjects from an interdisciplinary perspective, this collection builds on the work of theorists such as Aileen Ribeiro, Vika Martina Plock, Cheryl Buckley and Hilary Fawcett, to examine the social significance of personal style, while also highlighting the diversity of British culture itself.

In the “Introduction,” Ralf Rogowski provides biographical information and an overview of the development of Luhmann's social systems theory. In “Luhmann and Constitutional Sociology: Law and Functional Differentiation Revisited,” Chris Thornhill analyses how Luhmann's theory of functional differentiation can be used as a methodological device to examine the construction of an institutional and legal framework for governance in the world society. In “Far from Equilibrium. Niklas Luhmann on Politics and Economy in 21st Century's World Society,” Aldo Mascareño argues that the political and economic systems have intensified their unpredictable dynamics, hence increasing their levels of instability, as shown by critical events such as the 2008 financial crisis, the 2011 political upheavals, and the 2020 COVID-19 global pandemic. In “Luhmann on Law and Legal Theory,” Richard Nobles and David Schiff explain how legal argumentation yields sufficient redundancy and variety in the legal system to achieve the recursive reproduction of legal communications which gives the system opportunities to evolve autopoietically. In “Epistemic Sociology: Luhmann's Theory of Science and Knowledge,” Gert Verschraegen underscores the connection of science in society with other function systems such as the educational (coupled via curricula content in textbooks), the economy (coupled via patents), politics (coupled through research policy as well as policy advice), and the medical system (coupled through scientifically tested medicinal knowledge and operation practices). In “Luhmann's Theory of Art,” Paul Buckermann examines how Luhmann's functional method is key to understanding art and makes visible possibilities of order that otherwise remain invisible. In “Luhmann on Religion and Secularization,” Raf Vanderstraeten discusses, with reference to a host of examples, how the religious system contributed to the genesis of modern society, and how it was forced to adapt to the consequences of modern society's functional differentiation. In “Niklas Luhmann and Critical Systems Theory,” Kolja Möller and Jasmin Siri outline features of a critical systems theory and its potential for a critique of modern society. In “Niklas Luhmann and His Sceptical Notion of Culture,” Dirk Baecker outlines Luhmann's reserved attitude towards the concept of culture. In “Luhmann, on Algorithms, in 1966,” Elena Esposito analyses an early text of Luhmann on Law and Automation in Public Administration. In “Niklas Luhmann Observed from a Luhmannian Perspective,” Klaus Dammann analyses Luhmann's biography using Luhmannian concepts and in “Three Encounters with Niklas Luhmann,” Gunther Teubner narrates his academic and personal experiences with Luhmann.

This book explores the shift in sociology away from the shared aspiration of the classical transition, of transcending partiality through the construction of a'science of society', in the face of challenges to the notion of objectivity. With the increasing subjugation of sociology to political ideologies and a growing emphasis on'policy', which casts sociology in the role of a provider of intellectual content for political programs, this volume asks whether the situation is the result of an exhaustion of ideas or might perhaps be rooted in the failure in the very program of establishing sociology as a science. Taking seriously the challenges to the classical aspiration of constructing theories that both explain and are grounded in empirical reality, The Future of Sociology asks whether the core idea of transcending ideology is still worth pursuing, and whether there remains scope for making sociology scientific.As such, it will appeal to scholars and students of sociology, social theory, and social scientific methodology.

Britain today is falling apart. One of the most dominant states in world history finds itself confronted with growing demands for nationalist secessionism. Brexit has already secured its break from the European Union while looming Scottish independence promises to undermine the integrity of the British state. Meanwhile, class, gender, regional and generational inequalities are deepening while endemic racism has been re-invigorated. How has it come to this?Britain in fragments traces how the historic pillars sustaining the democratic settlement have begun to crumble. This stability was constructed amid a century of imperial expansion abroad and working-class struggles for justice at home. The post-war welfare state was the apex of this historic arrangement; however, the ground beneath it began to shake as the processes of decolonisation and neoliberalism unfolded.This book traces how successive Labour and Conservative governments have incrementally dismantled the democratic settlement. A bipartisan commitment to neoliberalism has culminated in a historic crisis of representation and legitimacy, opening the door to competing nationalist forces.

Originally published in 1965, Social Policy became a classic text and one of the best-known and most widely-used textbooks in social administration. This Routledge Revival reissues the 5th edition of 1985. T. H. Marshall's masterly and unrivalled analysis of the development of welfare policies between 1890 and 1945 remains unchanged. The second half the book, with a chapter on every ‘arm'of the welfare state, retains Marshall's original structure but was completely rewritten and updated by A. M. Rees, considering developments to the end of 1984. An indispensable introductory text, this is a key book for all students of social administration, economic and social history and 20th Century politics.

This volume explores the enduring influence of Introduction to the Science ofSociology, published a century ago by Robert Park and Ernest Burgess. It bringstogether scholars from the United States, Canada, and Italy, who collectivelydemonstrate the work's enduring relevance and its important role in the dialoguebetween European and American sociology. The contributors examine topics raisedin the original text that remain as relevant as ever, including segregation, the conceptof assimilation and the marginal man, subcultures, constructive isolation, collectivebehavior, the German roots of the Chicago School, socio-spatial evolution overtime, fashion and metropolis, and social creativity from the ecological school to thedigital challenge.

Cet ouvrage, désormais un classique, permet de découvrir les auteurs et les textes fondateurs de la sociologie qui ne s'affirme comme discipline constituée et autonome qu'à la fin du XIXe siècle. Il est d'abord consacré à la façon dont le « vivre ensemble » a été analysé par les penseurs et philosophes de l'Antiquité jusqu'au siècle des Lumières. Il analyse ensuite l'émergence de la thématique socialiste et des différentes écoles sociologiques qui se développent au XIXe siècle. Enfin, il présente deux auteurs majeurs : Émile Durkheim et Max Weber.La présente édition a été mise à jour et revue, compte tenu notamment des avancées historiographiques récentes. Une suite chronologique et thématique est proposée dans l'ouvrage du même auteur intitulé : Histoire des idées sociologiques. De Parsons aux contemporains.

Der Begriff ›soziale Gedächtnisse‹ eröffnet neue Perspektiven für die Beschreibung komplexer sozialer Phänomene in gegenwärtigen gesellschaftlichen Zusammenhängen, indem er die Vielschichtigkeit der Vergangenheitsbezüge in hochgradig differenzierten modernen Gesellschaften aufzeigt und fassbar macht. Das vorliegende Handbuch erschließt Grundbegriffe, Theorien, Problemfelder sowie Praktiken und Objekte von Vergangenheitsbezügen unter dem Aspekt sozialer Gedächtnisse. Damit zeichnet es sich durch eine explizit auf sozialwissenschaftliche Theorien und Ansätze ausgerichtete Konzeption aus, erreicht eine größere ›Tiefe‹ terminologisch-konzeptueller Probleme und systematisiert das inter- und transdisziplinäre Forschungsfeld.

Elaborado por um dos maiores intelectuais de todos os tempos, O Negro da Filadélfia, de William Edward Buckhardt Du Bois, é considerado um marco importante no estabelecimento da sociologia, da antropologia urbana e da luta contra o racismo nos meios acadêmicos e sociais. A obra de Du Bois, por meio da apresentação de dados históricos, estatísticos e etnográficos, convida-nos a refletir sobre questões atuais relacionadas à temática do Negro, como o mercado de trabalho, a segregação urbana, a criminalidade, o preconceito, as políticas educacionais e, sobretudo, a busca pela equidade racial. Versão inédita em português, organizada e traduzida por Cristina Patriota de Moura, esse estudo sociológico sobre a população Negra de uma grande cidade dos Estados Unidos nos traz a esperança de que sua leitura possa ser um ponto de partida para a transformação e conscientização social. Sem sombra de dúvida,'este livro que o leitor e a leitora têm em suas mãos, além de seu valor histórico, oferece referências e possibilidades de abordagens e interpretações que certamente se provarão seminais para a pesquisa acadêmica comprometida com a agenda antirracista e com um conhecimento profundo e sofisticado da realidade social no Brasil e no mundo'. Cristina Patriota de Moura e Joaze Bernardino-Costa

Health and socio-economic consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic have been exacerbated by central government-imposed austerity budgeting by local authorities and the health service. This book, part of the Social Determinants of Health series, extends the ideas developed in the previous volumes by reviewing the impact of COVID-19 on local and national governance from the perspectives of public health, social care and economic development. Drawing on case studies from across the UK and beyond, it explores the pandemic and other ‘wicked'issues including climate change, homelessness, unemployment and domestic abuse through the lens of relationalism, and proposes necessary system changes.

This new version of the authoritative textbook in the field of visual sociology focuses on the key topics of documentary photography, visual ethnography, collaborative visual research, visual empiricism, the study of the visual symbol and teaching sociology visually. This updated and expanded edition includes nearly twice as many images and incorporates new in-depth case studies, drawing upon the author's lifetime of pioneering research and teaching as well as the often neglected experiences of women and people of color.The book examines how documentary photography can be useful to sociologists, both because of the topics examined by documentarians and as an example of how seeing is socially constructed. Harper describes the exclusion of women through much of the history of documentary photography and the distinctiveness of the female eye in recent documentary, a phenomenon he calls'the gendered lens'. The author examines how a visual approach allows sociologists to study conventional topics differently, while offering new perspectives, topics and insights. For example, photography shows us how perspective itself affects what we see and know, how abstractions such as'ideal types'can be represented visually, how social change can be studied visually and how the study of symbols can lead us to interpret public art, architecture and person-made landscapes. There is an extended study of how images can lead to cooperative research and learning; how images can serve as bridges of understanding, blurring the lines between researcher and researched. The important topic of reflexivity is examined by close study of Harper's own research experiences. Finally, the author focusses on teaching, offering templates for full courses, assignments and projects, and guides for teachers imagining how to approach visual sociology as a new practice.This definitive yet accessible textbook will be indispensable to teachers, researchers and professionals with an interest in visual sociology, research methods, cultural theory and visual anthropology.

This open access book explores creative and collaborative forms of research praxis within the social sustainability sciences. The term co-creativity is used in reference to both individual methods and overarching research approaches. Supported by a series of in-depth examples, the edited collection critically reviews the potential of co-creative research praxis to nurture just and transformative processes of change. Included amongst the individual chapters are first-hand accounts of such as: militant research strategies and guerrilla narrative, decolonial participative approaches, appreciative inquiry and care-ethics, deep-mapping, photo-voice, community-arts, digital participatory mapping, creative workshops and living labs. The collection considers how, through socially inclusive forms of action and reflection, such co-creative methods can be used to stimulate alternative understandings of why and how things are, and how they could be. It provides illustrations of (and problematizes) the use of co-creative methods as overtly disruptive interventions in their own right, and as a means of enriching the transformative potential of transdisciplinary and more traditional forms of social science research inquiry. The positionality of the researcher, together with the emotional and embodied dimensions of engaged scholarship, are threads which run throughout the book. So too does the question of how to communicate sustainability science research in a meaningful way.

The National Rifle Association (NRA) is an important actor in the American gun debate. While popular explanations for the group's influence often focus on the NRA's lobbying and campaign donations, it receives lesser attention for the mass mobilization efforts that make these political endeavours possible. On Target explores why the NRA is so influential and how we can understand the group's impact on firearms policy in the United States. The book looks at how the NRA both draws upon and shapes historical meta-narratives regarding the role of firearms in America's national identity and how this is part of a larger effort to expand the community of gun owners. Noah S. Schwartz demonstrates how the NRA portrays a vision of the past through events such as its annual meeting; communications such as American Rifleman magazine and NRA TV; and points of contact including the National Firearms Museum. Based on fieldwork in Indiana and Virginia, including participant observation at NRA events and firearm safety classes, thematic analysis of audio-visual material, and interviews with NRA executives and members, On Target sheds light on the ways in which the NRA tells stories to build and mobilize a politically motivated network of gun owners.

Matteo Battistini offers a critical deconstruction of the fetish that social sciences have forged for legitimising American capitalism. The intellectual history of the middle class provides the social history of a political concept that assumes a specific scientific content acquiring an ideological centrality that has no equal in European history. The social sciences have freed the middle class from its historical relationship with work in an attempt to emancipate it from the tension into which it was continually dragged by class conflict. In this way, the social sciences overturn the image of opposing forces of labour and capital into a consensual order whereby capitalism and democracy would coexist without tension. This book was originally published as Storia di un feticcio. La classe media americana dalle origini alla globalizzazione, by Mimesis, Milan, Italy, 2020.

Die'soziologischen Exkurse', eine Kollektivarbeit des Frankfurter Instituts für Sozialforschung, das von Theodor W. Adorno und Max Horkheimer geleitet wurde, waren seit ihrem ersten Erscheinen 1956 für Soziologen, Sozialpsychologen, Philosophen, Politologen und Pädagogen der erste Einstieg in jenes Denken, das seine Wissenschaft als kritische Theorie von der Gesellschaft begreift. Die anfänglich'schwierig'wirkende Denkweise ist im Laufe der Zeit zu einem grundlegenden Bestandteil des allgemeinen politischen Bewusstseins geworden und an dieser Entwicklung haben die'Exkurse'ihren Anteil. Sie gehören heute zu den wichtigsten Grundlagentexten einer kritischen Gesellschaftswissenschaft.