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Superdiversity explores processes of diversification and the complex, emergent social configurations that now supersede prior forms of diversity in societies around the world. Migration plays a key role in these processes, bringing changes not just in social, cultural, religious, and linguistic phenomena, but also in the ways that these phenomena combine with others like gender, age, and legal status.The concept of superdiversity has been adopted by scholars across the social sciences in order to address a variety of forms, modes, and outcomes of diversification. Central to this field is the relationship between social categorization and social organization, including stratification and inequality. Increasingly complex categories of social “difference” have significant impacts across scales, from entire societies to individual identities. While diversification is often met with simplifying stereotypes, threat narratives, and expressions of antagonism, superdiversity encourages a perspective on difference as comprising multiple social processes, flexible collective meanings, and overlapping personal and group identities. A superdiversity approach encourages the re-evaluation and recognition of social categories as multidimensional, unfixed, and porous as opposed to views based on hardened, one-dimensional thinking about groups. Diversification and increasing social complexity are bound to continue, if not intensify, in light of climate change. This will have profound impacts on the nature of global migration, social relations, and inequalities. Superdiversity presents a convincing case for recognizing new social formations created by changing migration patterns and calls for a re-thinking of public policy and social scientific approaches to social difference. This introduction to the multidisciplinary concept of superdiversity will be of considerable interest to students and researchers in a range of fields in the humanities and social sciences. The Open Access version of this book, available at www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.

This book addresses health professions educational challenges specific to non-Western cultures, implementing a shifting paradigm for educating future health professionals towards patient-centered care. While health professions education has received increasing attention in the last three decades, promoting student-centered learning principles pioneered by leaders in the medical community has, for the most part, remain rooted in the Western context. Building from Hofstede's analysis of the phenomena of cultural dimensions, which underpin the way people build and maintain their relationships with others and influence social, economic, and political well-being across nations, this book demarcates the different cultural dimensions between East and West, applied to medical education. The respective ‘hierarchical'and ‘collectivist'cultural dimensions are unpacked in several studies stemming from non-western countries, with the capacity to positively influence healthcare education and services. The book provides new insights for researchers and health professional educators to understand how cultural context influences the input, processes, and output of health professionals'education. Examples include how cultural context influences the ways in which students respond to teachers, how teachers giving feedback to students, and the challenges of peer feedback and group work. The authors also examine causes for student hesitation in proposing ideas, the pervasive cultural norm of maintaining harmony, the challenges of teamwork in clinical settings, the need to be sensitive to community health needs, the complexity of clinical decision making, and the challenge of how collectivist cultural values play into group dynamics. This book aims to advocate a more culturally-sensitive approach to educating health professionals, and will be relevant to both students and practitioners in numerous areas of public health and medical education.

The topics addressed in this book varies from issues in multicultural society to scholarship. In fourteen short essays the authors discuss crucial topics, including (personal sociology, arts, policy making, creolisation, diaspora communities, minority empowerment, political exclusion, homemaking, practice of science). This liber amicorum offers a unique collection of essays that opens a fresh window for everybody interested in multicultural societies, history, arts and social science. The contributions to this book represents a fine scholarship dealing with contemporary issues in society and academia. Contributors include: Peter A.G. van Bergeijk, Frank Bovenkerk, Miriela G.L. Carolina, Gürkan Çelik, Chan E.S. Choenni, Hans Crebas, Jaswina Elahi, Frits van Engeldorp Gastelaars, Roshni Ganpat, Halleh Ghorashi, Wiren Gowricharn, Rosemarijn Hoefte, Saira Jahangir-Abdoelrahman, Michiel van Kempen, Slawomir Magala, Brij Maharaj, Rinus Penninx, Artie Ramsodit, Hans Ramsoedh, Sandra Trienekens, Wilfred Uunk, and Tanya Wijngaarde.

Las identidades sociales de grupos étnicos, religiosos, de géneros, corporaciones, etc. se construyen y resignifican a lo largo de las trayectorias vitales de individuos, familias y redes relacionales a través de la historia. Conceptos tales como raza, etnicidad, identidad están siendo analizados desde múltiples enfoques disciplinares y con el uso de una diversidad de fuentes. La heterogeneidad étnica, cultural, social, económica, religiosa genera espacios de encuentros e integración, pero también espacios de conflicto, miedos y discriminación. Instituciones, sectores políticos, económicos y sociales generan fragmentación y un organigrama donde los diferentes grupos sociales deben ser ubicados para conservar un orden conveniente. Dicha fragmentación origina marginalidad, exclusión y reacciones discriminatorios de dominantes sobre oprimidos. Manifestaciones tales xenofobia y racismo se hallan presente a lo largo de la historia y es necesario desde los estudios académicos poner de manifiesto cómo se construyen las identidades sociales -individuales y colectivas- y se resignifican a medida que las sociedades cambian. Esas fronteras indefinidas generan la necesidad de establecer lindes, es decir conducen implícitamente a la discriminación, los comportamientos desigualdades y la exclusión.

What is diversity? How does prejudice show itself? What are the societal consequences of discrimination? Has anything changed over the past 50 years? These are just some of the questions addressed in Understanding Diversity, an introduction to the issues and controversies surrounding concepts of class, race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, and disability. This new edition has been thoroughly updated, as well as expanded to include a chapter on immigration, discussion of the varied impacts of the Covid-19 pandemic, and a section on gender diversity. The student-friendly structure of the book, however, remains unchanged. Accessible and practical, yet theoretically rich, Understanding Diversity is the perfect companion to the diversity anthology of your choice.

This book critically reviews state-religion models and the ways in which different countries manage religious diversity, illuminating different responses to the challenges encountered in accommodating both majorities and minorities. The country cases encompass eight world regions and 23 countries, offering a wealth of research material suitable to support comparative research. Each case is analysed in depth looking at historical trends, current practices, policies, legal norms and institutions. By looking into state-religion relations and governance of religious diversity in regions beyond Europe, we gain insights into predominantly Muslim countries (Egypt, Morocco, Tunisia, Turkey, Indonesia, Malaysia), countries with pronounced historical religious diversity (India and Lebanon) and into a predominantly migrant pluralist nation (Australia). These insights can provide a basis for re-thinking European models and learning from experiences of governing religious diversity in other socio-economic and geopolitical contexts. Key analytical and comparative reflections inform the introduction and concluding chapters. This volume offers a research and study companion to better understand the connection between state-religion relations and the governance of religious diversity in order to inform both policy and research efforts in accommodating religious diversity. Given its accessible language and further readings provided in each chapter, the volume is ideally suited for undergraduate and graduate students. It will also be a valuable resource for researchers working in the wider field of ethnic, migration, religion and citizenship studies.

Una serie de ponencias, conferencias, entrevistas y textos inéditos de José del Val en los que aborda cuestiones como la identidad, la interculturalidad, los derechos de los pueblos indígenas, la multiculturalidad, la educación, la importancia de los idiomas originarios, la desigualdad y lo que el autor define como pobretología. Aquí se encontrarán diversas propuestas para abordar la problemática indígena actual, así como para comprender la realidad contemporánea, más allá de la situación de los pueblos originarios. La creación de una procuraduría de los derechos indígenas, la enseñanza de lenguas originarias en todas las escuelas y la construcción de una ciudadanía responsable son algunas de ellas. De manera sintética y con un profundo conocimiento de los temas tratados, el autor presenta desde una crítica al Convenio 169 de la Organización Internacional del Trabajo, hasta una reflexión sobre la importancia de la familia -del tipo que sea- en la sociedad contemporánea.

Since it first aired in 1966, Star Trek has led American television into a more progressive era by presenting a diverse cast interacting as equals, demonstrating expertise and efficiency as they lead a starship across the galaxy. To this day, the Star Trek franchise strives to inspire viewers to find beauty in diversity and progress. In Social Movements and the Collective Identity of the Star Trek Fandom: Boldly Going Where No Fans Have Gone Before, David G. LoConto explores the development of the Star Trek fandom from its uncertain beginnings in the 1960s, to the popularity explosion in the 1990s and its triumphant return in 2017. LoConto analyzes the cultural phenomena of Star Trek through a social psychological approach, using symbolic interactionist and strategic ritualization theories, as well as ideas from Habermas and Foucault to track the fandom's movements, values, and evolution.

It is essential for counselors and counseling professionals to understand the impact of their personal biases and how these biases can impact the counseling process, in addition to respecting and honoring the beliefs of their clients. Communication and the sharing of experiences between counsellors is an effective strategy for perfecting methods to identify and address these biases. Cases on Cross-Cultural Counseling Strategies is a comprehensive research book that explores creative healing approaches used by counselors working with diverse clients in a variety of geographical locations, developmental levels, and complex and varied identities. Each case study applies the Multicultural and Social Justice Counseling Competencies (MSJCCs) to the counseling relationship and looks at unique aspects of the client's identity, specific approaches taken by the counselor, and the outcomes of the counseling relationship. Featuring a broad range of topics such as higher education, international counseling, and gender bias in counseling, this book is ideal for counselors, therapists, psychologists, counselor educators, graduate students, practitioners, academicians, and researchers.

This lively text by leading medical anthropologist Elisa J. Sobo offers a unique, holistic approach to human diversity and rises to the challenge of truly integrating biology and culture. The inviting writing style and fascinating examples make important ideas from complexity theory and epigenetics accessible to students. In this second edition, the material has been updated to reflect changes in both the scientific and socio-cultural landscape, for example in relation to topics such as the microbiome and transgender. Readers learn to conceptualize human biology and culture concurrently—as an adaptive biocultural capacity that has helped to produce the rich range of human diversity seen today. With clearly structured topics, an extensive glossary and suggestions for further reading, this text makes a complex, interdisciplinary topic a joy to teach. Instructor resources include an extensive test bank and a study guide.

In the past years, in a general context featured by anti-migration discourses in immigration countries, sustained economic growth in countries of origin and mobility between migrants'countries of origin and destination, research on return migration started flourishing. Return has long been considered the end of a migration cycle. Today, returnees'continued transnational ties, practices and resources have become increasingly visible. ‘Transnational Return and Social Change'joins what is now a growing field of research and suggests new ways to understand the dynamics of return migration and the social changes that come along. It pays tribute to the meso-level impacts that follow the practices and resources migrant returnees mobilize across borders. It argues for the need to study the dynamics and impact of return migration by involving also more mundane forms of change, arguing that everyday processes and small-scale changes are as important as the macro-transformations for understanding the societal impact of migration. This volume thus inquires about the consequences of return for local communities, organizations, social networks and groups, focussing on the changes in social hierarchies, collective identities and cultural capital, norms and knowledge. It presents case studies of migration flows that connect Germany to Turkey, Romania and Ghana, the United Kingdom to Poland, multiple Western countries to Latvia as well as inner-African movements. Against this background, the book contributes new insights into the transnational dynamics of return migration and their societal impact in pluralized societies.

This book examines how non-economic inter- and intra-group relationships were reflected in residential patterns around the first decade of the 21st century in Whitechapel, an old yet attractive absorption neighbourhood in east London, UK. It sheds light on different levels of organisation that shape urban space and suggests an integrated understanding linking socio-cultural-religious norms and the urban environment that could be extrapolated to other cities. It studies core methodologies through joining of detailed, primary empirical research, collected through direct engagement with the communities of interest, with a wider theoretical and modelling framework. This study identifies the main engines of organised neighbourhood change and the difficulties of planning. It deals with individuals in the housing market and sheds light on similar processes occurring in other city centres with diverse population groups.Based on residential records at the resolution of single family and apartment covering a period of 17 years, the study reveals and analyses powerful mechanisms of residential relations at the apartment, building and the near neighbourhood level. Taken together, these revealed mechanisms are candidates for explaining the dynamics of residential segregation in the area during the period 1995 to 2012. Whitechapel's communities are extremely diverse, composed of 27 ethnic and religious groups and sub-groups. The residential preferences of group members are highly affected by the need to live among'friends'– other members of the same group. How is it that the area has been so attractive for so many people to live in, whilst at the same time being so diverse that people cannot achieve their stated preferences to live amongst'friends'?

This book explores the intercultural policy paradigm emerging within diversity and migration studies. Drawing on empirical studies of cultural diversity and placing a focus on the current crises of identity in Europe, Zapata-Barrero argues for an intercultural model of citizenship that prioritises contact between diverse people. In looking forward to a post-multicultural era, his analysis suggests how we can better manage the challenges presented by our increasingly complex, multifaceted societies. This thoughtful text will appeal to students and scholars across politics, sociology, anthropology and social psychology, as well as policy makers and social entrepreneurs around the world grappling with issues around migration, diversity and citizenship. Ricard Zapata-Barrero is a Full Professor of Political and Social Sciences at the Universitat Pompeu Fabra (Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain). He is also Director of the Interdisciplinary Research Group on Immigration at UPF, and Master in Migration Studies. He is member of the Board of Directors for IMISCOE and Chair of the External Affairs Committee. For information about publications, go to his webpage: www.upf.edu/web/ricard-zapata

The book addresses the issue of the human relationship with diversity within a theoretical framework that considers not only the psycho-social perspective, but also – and pre-eminently – the perspective of complexity science. A broad definition of diversity is proposed, whereby diversity is all that is not the self or, more precisely, all that is not the present self. There is a focus on cross-cultural relations, especially with regards to young people, and on the themes of racism and empathy in this context. The analysis draws on the considerable data obtained by the author and her research group in her study of children's and adolescents'attitudes towards multiculturalism. Interspecies diversity is considered as well, with a chapter devoted to the human relationship with animals supported by data obtained from the author's research study on children's and adolescents'attitudes towards animals. Throughout the book, the main concepts and principles pertaining to complexity science and complex thinking are used, including systems, interconnection, emergent factors, non-linearity, uncertainty, responsibility, mutilating thought, and the contribution of art to scientific research. Two chapters address the relationship with diversity as it is presented in literature, cinema, and photography. In conclusion, the author's view is that complexity is an intrinsic quality of reality, and that reality absolutely must be approached through the complexity lens.

This volume gathers, analyses, discusses and evaluates results of current research on arts and cultural education in Europe, focusing on the challenges of cultural diversity. Cultural diversity is an increasingly characteristic feature of contemporary societies. Groups with different ethnic, social or cultural backgrounds coexist, interact and merge. The challenges of cultural diversity – its innovative potential as well as tensions and conflicts – are reflected in transnational discourses on education, culture, democracy, and citizenship. Transcultural approaches, multicultural education, and intercultural learning are key concepts. The same challenges are reflected in arts and cultural education within and outside schools, in teachers'and artists'training, cultural and educational policies, and research.The thirteen chapters in this book report on nine countries represented in the European Network of Observatories in the Field of Arts and Cultural Education (ENO). They showcase good practices in research and teaching, foster the exchange of experiences, stimulate researchers and stakeholders and give insights into their professional practices.

This unique collection of papers, from authors whose experience and nationalities are themselves diverse, captures intellectual and personal reflections on diversity. The authors offer unique perspectives into diversity on an individual level, as well as the experiential challenges of implementing diversity programs at the country, public sector, company and civil society levels. In doing so, the book identifies a variety of elements that define'a multi-faceted reality'that is at once contradictory, deeply personal, artistic, emotionally evocative and intellectually stimulating.

In Challenging the Status Quo: Diversity, Democracy, and Equality in the 21st Century, David G. Embrick, Sharon M. Collins, and Michelle Dodson have compiled the latest ideas and scholarship in the area of diversity and inclusion. The contributors in this edited book offer critical analyses on many aspects of diversity as it pertains to institutional policies, practices, discourse, and beliefs. The book is broken down into 19 chapters over 7 sections that cover: policies and politics; pedagogy and higher education; STEM; religion; communities; complex organizations; and discourse and identity. Collectively, these chapters contribute to answering three main questions: 1) what, ultimately, does diversity mean; 2) what are the various mechanisms by which institutions understand and use diversity; and 3) and why is it important for us to rethink diversity? Contributors: Sharla Alegria, Joyce M. Bell, Sharon M. Collins, Ellen Berrey, Enobong Hannah Branch, Meghan A. Burke, Tiffany Davis, Michele C. Deramo, Michelle Dodson, David G. Embrick, Edward Orozco Flores, Emma González-Lesser, Bianca Gonzalez-Sobrino, Matthew W. Hughey, Paul R. Ketchum, Megan Klein, Michael Kreiter, Marie des Neiges Léonard, Wendy Leo Moore, Shan Mukhtar, Antonia Randolph, Victor Erik Ray, Arthur Scarritt, Laurie Cooper Stoll.

This title was first published in 2001. Given current movements in global culture, technology, mobility, economic integration and regime transformation, what is it that can or does hold a community or political entity together? From a variety of perspectives, this text examines the cultural politics of nationalism, especially in the context of American culture and European politics where it is undergoing the most scrutiny. The first part of the volume explores the debates on the politics of national identity that surround global information and consumer distribution systems like the Internet. The second part offers a number of case studies of European domestic and foreign policy issues directly affected by arguments about cultural identity that have taken shape in the context of an increasingly global environment. Of particular interest in this volume is the tension often felt between France and the USA on the issue of culture, politics and nationalism.

The complex legal situations arising from the coexistence of international law, state law, and social and religious norms in different parts of the world often include scenarios of conflict between them. These conflicting norms issued from different categories of ‘laws'result in difficulties in describing, identifying and analysing human rights in plural environments.This volume studies how normative conflicts unfold when trapped in the aspirations of human rights and their local realizations. It reflects on how such tensions can be eased, while observing how and why they occur. The authors examine how obedience or resistance to the official law is generated through the interaction of a multiplicity of conflicting norms, interpretations and practices. Emphasis is placed on the actors involved in raising or decreasing the tension surrounding the conflict and the implications that the conflict carries, whether resolved or not, in conditions of asymmetric power movements. It is argued that legal responsiveness to state law depends on how people with different identities deal with it, narrate it and build expectations from it, bearing in mind that normative pluralism may also operate as an instrument towards the exclusion of certain communities from the public sphere. The chapters look particularly to expose the dialogue between parallel normative spheres in order for law to become more effective, while investigating the types of socio-legal variables that affect the functioning of law, leading to conflicts between rights, values and entire cultural frames.

In der vorliegenden qualitativen Studie untersucht Anno Dederichs die Relevanz kultureller Differenzierungen und kulturalistischer Diskurse im Kontext deutsch-chinesischer Wirtschaftskooperationen. Er fokussiert dabei auf die Entsendenarrative von „deutschen“ bzw. „chinesischen“ Managerinnen und Managern sowie Ingenieurinnen und Ingenieuren in diesem Kontext. Ausgehend von der ethnologischen Kritik an holistischen und essentialistischen Kulturvorstellungen und aufbauend auf einer ethnomethodologisch inspirierten Methodologie fragt der Autor nicht, wie und ob Kultur Kommunikations- und Organisationsformen beeinflusst, sondern wie und unter welchen Umständen Akteure auf kulturelle Differenzbeschreibungen und Kultur als Erklärungsmodell zurückgreifen.

What is it that leaves us shell shocked in the face of the massacres carried out in New York on 9/11 or in Paris on 13 November 2015? How are we to explain the intensity of the reaction to the attacks on Charlie Hebdo? Answering these questions involves trying to understand what a society goes through when it is subjected to the ordeal of terrorist attacks. And it impels us to try to explain why millions of people feel so concerned and shaken by them, even when they do not have a direct connection with any of the victims. In Shell Shocked, sociologist Gérôme Truc sheds new light on these events, returning to the ways in which ordinary individuals lived through and responded to the attacks of 9/11, of 11 March 2004 in Madrid and 7 July 2005 in London. Analysing political language and media images, demonstrations of solidarity and minutes of silence, as well as the tens of thousands of messages addressed to the victims, his investigation brings about the complexity of our feelings about the Islamists'attacks. It also uncovers the sources of the solidarity that, in our individualistic societies, ultimately finds expression in the first person singular rather than the first person plural:'I am Charlie','I am Paris.'This timely and path-breaking book will appeal to students and scholars in sociology and politics and to anyone interested in understanding the impact of terrorism in contemporary societies.

A vast and complicated array of subject matter is subjected to analysis, comment, and speculation by fifteen contributors representing three separate but contiguous disciplines. Their approaches are as various as one would expect. One is concerned with the bonds that hold associations together, and another with the tendency for the private to become public. One sees associations as interferences with democratic political processes, while another is more impressed by their positive values. Still another shows that the way in which they operate in the political process depends not only on the kind of association but also upon the political context within which they operate.Pennock and Chapman say that the theorist's job is to speculate and to interpret the facts as he sees them. It is also the theorist's job to suggest hypotheses for testing: to point to lines of inquiry that should be pursued. One cannot read the essays in this volume, without having his eyes opened--or opened wider--both to the paucity of information about the political features of voluntary associations and to the wide variety of aspects from which the subject needs to be approached.The kinds of questions that need to be examined can be grouped in categories. The first focuses on the individual: What kinds of memberships does he have? Even more, what is the effect upon him of membership in each kind of association? The second examines internal composition and workings of organizations. The third focuses on the state as a whole and the effect of organized groups upon it, the political processes of the associational structure of the society, and modes of behavior of these associations.Organized groups play an intermediate role in the polity. At the same time, the state, and those charged at any particular time with the performance of its functions, must look primarily to new associations within it to secure compliance with its law and for guidance in shaping those laws.

•Shortlisted for the JQ Wingate Literary Prize, 2017•'Belonging'is both a fundamental human emotion and a political project that affects millions. Since its foundation in 1957, the European Union has encouraged people across its member states to feel a sense of belonging to one united community, with mixed results. Today, faced with the fracturing impacts of the migration crisis, the threat of terrorism and rising tensions within countries, governments within and outside the EU seek to impose a different kind of belonging on their populations through policies of exclusion and bordering. In this collection of original essays, a diverse group of novelists, journalists and academics reflect on their own individual senses of European belonging. In creative and disarming ways, they confront the challenges of nationalism, populism, racism and fundamentalism. Do I Belong? offers fascinating insights into such questions as: Why fear growing diversity? Is there a European identity? Who determines who belongs? Is a single sense of'good'belonging in Europe dangerous? This collection provides a unique commentary on an insufficiently understood but defining phenomenon of our age. Authors include: Zia Haider Rahman, Goran Rosenberg, Isolde Charim, Hanno Loewy, Diana Pinto, Nira Yuval-Davis and Doron Rabinovici among others.

Frontiers of Diversity critically examines the explanatory and normative power of pluralism in contemporary philosophy, politics, economics and culture. Based on the papers presented at the “First Global Conference on Critical Issues in Pluralism” at Mansfield College, Oxford, it brings together for the first time essays examining pluralism's impact, both positive and negative, in each of these critical domains. These essays exhibit something of the fertility of the concept of pluralism, not only across the spectrum of fields, but at all levels of analysis, from individual to social to national and international, touching on specific cases from around the world. Through their diversity, the essays are intended to both promote cross-pollination between these domains of study and experience, and to encourage reflection on pluralism as a powerful cross-disciplinary approach for understanding the contemporary world.

La educación intercultural es el gran reto de la sociedad del siglo XXI. El contenido de este libro está pensado para que la teoría y la práctica de la educación intercultural estén íntimamente ligadas, de tal manera que permita no sólo reflexionar sobre el tema sino también, y fundamentalmente, actuar. El libro aborda algunas consecuencias de la inmigración, referidas tanto al mercado de trabajo y la economía como a sus consecuencias en el aspecto más humano, entroncado con los derechos de ciudadanía, el racismo y sus diversas manifestaciones. Se argumenta cómo la educación intercultural constituye un medio fundamental para desarrollar valores democráticos. De la misma manera, se hace un somero análisis del concepto y los tipos de mediación, la figura del mediador y las circunstancias que han hecho surgir la necesidad de la mediación intercultural: qué significa y su conexión con el sistema educativo, incluyendo estrategias de mediación que han demostrado ser altamente eficaces, además de numerosos ejemplos muy didácticos y clarificadores y pautas concretas para fomentar el diálogo intercultural. La segunda parte del libro, la más práctica, se centra en las estrategias de trabajo colaborativo e incluye gran cantidad de ejemplos para construir grupo, fomentar los procesos de comunicación, analizar la realidad, detectar problemas y necesidades, plantear juntos posibles soluciones y evaluar que han sido refrendados por la experiencia.

This book is about ethnic diversity in voluntary organizations and seeks to explain whether intergroup contact contributes to the development of generalized trust. It relies on a novel multilevel design and data from Amsterdam in which 40 voluntary organizations and 463 participants have been sampled. Contrary to conventional wisdom, this book argues that cognitive processes are contributing more toward the evaluation of strangers or generalized trust than interethnic contact. Since trusting unknown people is essentially a risky endeavor, this suggests that participants of both association types who report trusting strangers can afford to do so, because they are better educated, have a more positive worldview, and have had fewer negative life experiences. That is to say, they are socially more successful and view their future as more promising. Previous findings are inconclusive since most studies that conclude diversity has led to less generalized trust do not include interethnic contact directly in their analyses. These studies also downplay the importance of cognitive processes, which may shape generalized trust. What is more, people join ethnically diverse civic groups, because they already have more trustful attitudes, rather than learning to trust through interethnic contact. Despite the recent multiculturalist backlash, this book demonstrates that participation in ethno-national organizations does not pose a threat to social cohesion. The analysis in this book serves to build a general theory of trust that moves beyond emphasizing interaction between people who are different from each other, but one that includes the importance of cognition.

This book analyses post-migration social networks via the notion of superdiversity. Approaching diversity as relational and complexly configured through multiple migration-related differentiations, it challenges us to rethink how we talk about and classify migrant networks. Based on research in two cities of migration - London and Toronto - the author investigates how we can use a superdiversity lens to discuss migrant networks in urban contexts. Focusing on the personal networks of Pacific Islanders and New Zealand Māori, she sheds light on the sociality practices of relatively small groups of migrants, the members of which are nonetheless differentiated in terms of superdiversity. Using cluster analytic pattern detection to explore alternative ways of describing migrant networks, she brings into play multifaceted descriptions such as city-cohort, long-term resident, superdiverse and migrant-peer networks. Visualising complex patterns of diversity, thisbook therefore contributes to theoretical debates by proposing a relational understanding of diversity rather than one based on the enumeration of (ethnic) categories. This book will appeal to sociologists, political scientists and all scholars interested in urban diversity, migration and diasporas.

This volume constitutes a first step towards an ever-deferred interdisciplinary dialogue on cultural traits. It offers a way to enter a representative sample of the intellectual diversity that surrounds this topic, and a means to stimulate innovative avenues of research. It stimulates critical thinking and awareness in the disciplines that need to conceptualize and study culture, cultural traits, and cultural diversity. Culture is often defined and studied with an emphasis on cultural features. For UNESCO, “culture should be regarded as the set of distinctive spiritual, material, intellectual and emotional features of society or a social group”. But the very possibility of assuming the existence of cultural traits is not granted, and any serious evaluation of the notion of “cultural trait” requires the interrogation of several disciplines from cultural anthropology to linguistics, from psychology to sociology to musicology, and all areas of knowledge on culture. This book presents a strong multidisciplinary perspective that can help clarify the problems about cultural traits.

In recent years the concept of ‘diversity'has gained a leading place in academic thought, business practice and public policy worldwide. Although variously used, ‘diversity'tends to refer to patterns of social difference in terms of certain key categories. Today the foremost categories shaping discourses and policies of diversity include race, ethnicity, religion, gender, disability, sexuality and age; further important notions include class, language, locality, lifestyle and legal status. The Routledge Handbook of Diversity Studies will examine a range of such concepts along with historical and contemporary cases concerning social and political dynamics surrounding them. With contributions by experts spanning Sociology, Anthropology, Political Science, History and Geography, the Handbook will be a key resource for students, social scientists and professionals. It will represent a landmark volume within a field that has become, and will continue to be, one of the most significant global topics of concern throughout the twenty-first century.

This cross-disciplinary edited collection presents an integrated approach to critical diversity studies by gathering original scholarly research on ideational, technical and actual social dimensions of contemporary governance through diversity.

The intercultural occurs in the space between two or more distinct cultures that encounter each other, an area where meanings are translated and difference is negotiated. In this volume, scholars from diverse disciplines reflect on the phenomenon of interculturality and on the theoretical and methodological frameworks of interpreting it

This edited collection outlines the accomplishments, shortcomings, and future policy prospects of the 2005 UNESCO Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expressions, arguing that the Convention is not broad enough to confront the challenges concerning human rights, sustainability, and cultural diversity as a whole.

This open access book examines the question of collecting and disseminating data on ethnicity and race in order to describe characteristics of ethnic and racial groups, identify factors of social and economic integration and implement policies to redress discrimination. It offers a global perspective on the issue by looking at race and ethnicity in a wide variety of historical, country-specific contexts, including Asia, Latin America, Europe, Oceania and North America. In addition, the book also includes analysis on the indigenous populations of the Americas.The book first offers comparative accounts of ethnic statistics. It compares and empirically tests two perspectives for understanding national ethnic enumeration practices in a global context based on national census questionnaires and population registration forms for over 200 countries between 1990 to 2006.Next, the book explores enumeration and identity politics with chapters that cover the debate on ethnic andracial statistics in France, ethnic and linguistic categories in Québec, Brazilian ethnoracial classification and affirmative action policies and the Hispanic/Latino identity and the United States census.The third, and final, part of the book examines measurement issues and competing claims. It explores such issues as the complexity of measuring diversity using Malaysia as an example, social inequalities and indigenous populations in Mexico and the demographic explosion of aboriginal populations in Canada from 1986 to 2006.Overall, the book sheds light on four main questions: should ethnic groups be counted, how should they be counted, who is and who is not counted and what are the political and economic incentives for counting. It will be of interest to all students of race, ethnicity, identity, and immigration. In addition, researchers as well as policymakers will find useful discussions and insights for a better understanding of the complexity of categorization and related political and policy challenges.

Offering fresh perspectives on perennial questions of ethnicity, race, nationalism, and religion, Rogers Brubaker makes manifest the forces that shape the politics of diversity and multiculturalism today. In a lucid and wide-ranging analysis, he contends that three recent developments have altered the stakes and the contours of the politics of difference: the return of inequality as a central public concern, the return of biology as an asserted basis of racial and ethnic difference, and the return of religion as a key terrain of public contestation.“Grounds for Difference is a subtle, original, and comprehensive book. All the hallmarks of Brubaker's earlier work, such as the conceptual clarity, the theoretical rigor—grounded in a well-researched and well-informed analysis—the crisp writing style, and the impeccable sociological reasoning are displayed here. There is a wealth of original ideas developed in this book that requires much careful reading and unpacking.”—Sinisa Malešević, H-Net Reviews“This is an imposing collection that will be another milestone in the literature of ethnicity and nationalism.”—Christian Joppke, University of Bern

Accommodating ethnic diversity is a major challenge for all democratic nations and a topic that has attracted a great deal of attention in the last few decades. Within Quebec, a new approach has emerged that seeks a balance between the needs of minorities and those of the majority.In Interculturalism, sociologist and historian Gérard Bouchard presents his vision of interculturalism as a model for the management of diversity. A pluralist approach which recognizes the existence of a cultural majority whose rights must also be acknowledged, interculturalism constitutes an important alternative to multiculturalism both in Canada and internationally. Written by one of Quebec's leading public intellectuals and the co-chair of the Bouchard-Taylor Commission on reasonable accommodation, Interculturalism is the first clear and comprehensive statement in English of an approach being discussed around the world.A translation of Bouchard's award-winning French-language work, L'Interculturalisme: Un point de vue québécois, this book features a new foreword by philosopher Charles Taylor and an afterword by the author written specifically for the English-language edition.

This book critically examines current workplace diversity management practices and explores a nuanced framework for undertaking, supporting, and implementing policies that equally favor all people. It presents critical perspectives that not only elevate respect for differences but also provide insights into the nature and dynamics of differences in view of an inclusive and truly participative organizational environment.The book first presents a brief overview of the connotations associated with workplace diversity and its effective management. Next, it focuses on the organizational appropriation of differences through the formation and mediation of various diversity discourses. It demonstrates the particular articulations of these discourses with inequality and oppressive structures that perpetuate structural disadvantage due to existing power disparity between dominant and unprivileged group members. The book then goes on to underscore the need of constructing relational and context-sensitive diversity management frameworks.Overall, the book outlines that current business cases for diversity focus solely on instrumental goals and tangible outcomes and, as a result, fail to fully capture the complexity as well as the particularity of the diversity phenomenon. The book underlines the necessity for a more inclusive paradigm, implying a progressive problem-shift in the dominant diversity research agenda from a market-driven business-oriented diversity management to one highly valuing, affirming, and respecting otherness.

Cultural diversity, because it is perceived to have significant security, developmental, and social implications, is fast becoming one of the major political issues of the day. At the international level, it overlaps with the now extensive debates on multiculturalism within states. This work shows how cultural diversity challenges the understanding of international relations as relations between states and, by looking at the issue through the magnifying glass of an international organization, offers innovative insights into the interplay between various levels of international society. The book examines in particular the role of UNESCO, the only United Nations agency responsible for culture and the main forum for international diplomacy on the issue of cultural diversity.

Exploring the debate within social sciences on the consequences of ethnic diversity for social cohesion and the production of public goods, this book draws on extensive survey data from Germany to engage with questions surrounding the relationship between ethnic diversity and issues such as welfare provision and the erosion of public trust and civic engagement in Europe. It moves away from the question of whether there is in fact a universal correlation between ethnic diversity and social cohesion in order to focus on the reasons for which people's reciprocity and trust might be reduced in more ethnically diverse areas. Drawing attention to the importance of peoples'perceptions of diversity in explaining levels of social cohesion, Ethnic Diversity and Social Cohesion shows how specific types of perceived diversity can help explain the reasons for which ethnic diversity is associated with declines in social cohesion, and the contexts and conditions in which this occurs. The book also outlines potential courses of action, revealing the important roles of residential segregation, children and interethnic partners in overcoming barriers of language, values and cognitive bias. A rigorous, timely study of ethnic diversity and its relation to liberal democracy as a form of deliberative conflict that requires certain levels of trust, shared values and engagement, Ethnic Diversity and Social Cohesion will be of interest to policy makers, sociologists and political scientists working in the fields of race and migration, ethnic diversity and community cohesion.

Authenticity in our globalized world is a paradox. This collection examines how authenticity relates to cultural products, looking closely at how a particular'ethnic'food, or genre of popular music, or indigenous religious belief attains its aura of originality, when all traditional cultural products are invented in a certain time and place.

Merry argues that most voluntary separation experiments in education are not driven by a sense of racial, cultural or religious superiority. Rather, they are driven among other things by a desire for quality education, not to mention community membership and self respect.

How can differences be understood in social theory through comparisons, and how should social theory relate to regional studies to do so? This question has been prevalent within the sociological field for over a century, but is becoming increasingly important in a globalised age in which cultural borders are constantly challenged and rapidly changing. In this collection, Arjomand and Reis illuminate the importance of exploring spatial, cultural and intellectual differences beyond generalizations, attempting to understand diversity in itself as it takes shape across the world. With contributions from internationally renowned scholars, and a focussed emphasis upon sociological key themes such as modernization, citizenship, human rights, inequality and domination, this title provides a rich and convincing discussion that will add significant value to the ongoing debate about alternative modernities, diversity and change within the social sciences. Worlds of Difference constitutes an important and timely collection that will be of great inspiration for students and scholars alike.

We know very little about variations in urban class and ethnic segregation among nations and even less about differences among cities in different regions of the world. Spatial organization (places and neighbourhoods) matters significantly in some cities in reproducing class relations and ethno-racial hierarchies, but may be much less important in others. The degree and the impact of segregation depend upon contextual diversity. By emphasizing the importance of contextual diversity in the study of urban residential segregation, the book questions currently popular urban theories such as global city, neoliberal urbanism, and gentrification. These theories tend to dissociate cities from their national and regional context and thus ignore their history, culture, politics and institutions. The aim of this book is to introduce the significantly different urban experiences in social and spatial segregation patterns and rationales which exist among the world's regions and to demonstrate that urban theory needs to draw systematically upon this wide range of experiences. The cities selected (Athens, Beijing, Budapest, Copenhagen, Hong Kong, Madrid, Paris, São Paulo, Taipei, and Tokyo) were chosen in order to achieve geographical spread, to maximise the diversity of types of socioeconomic regulation.This volume is thus able to avoid the interpretative limitations and misconstructions resulting from universalizing the Anglo-American experience.

Cities have always been dynamic social environments for visual and otherwise symbolic competition between the groups who live and work within them. In contemporary urban areas, all sorts of diversity are simultaneously increased and concentrated, chief amongst them in recent years being the ethnic and racial transformation produced by migration and the gentrification of once socially marginal areas of the city. Seeing Cities Change demonstrates the utility of a visual approach and the study of ordinary streetscapes to document and analyze how the built environment reflects the changing cultural and class identities of neighborhood residents. Discussing the manner in which these changes relate to issues of local and national identities and multiculturalism, it presents studies of various cities on both sides of the Atlantic to show how global forces and the competition between urban residents in'contested terrains'is changing the faces of cities around the globe. Blending together a variety of sources from scholarly and mass media, this engaging volume focuses on the importance of'seeing'and, in its consideration of questions of migration, ethnicity, diversity, community, identity, class and culture, will appeal to sociologists, anthropologists and geographers with interests in visual methods and urban spaces.

Interculturalism is a new concept for managing community relations in a world defined by globalization and'superdiversity'. This book argues that as countries become more diverse a new framework of interculturalism is needed to mediate these relationships and that this will require new systems of governance to support it.

In small plural societies, cultural differences can be exaggerated, exploited and intensified during political contests. The survival of these societies as democracies - or even at all - hangs in the balance.

This book provides an introduction to the role of diversity in complex adaptive systems. A complex system--such as an economy or a tropical ecosystem--consists of interacting adaptive entities that produce dynamic patterns and structures. Diversity plays a different role in a complex system than it does in an equilibrium system, where it often merely produces variation around the mean for performance measures. In complex adaptive systems, diversity makes fundamental contributions to system performance. Scott Page gives a concise primer on how diversity happens, how it is maintained, and how it affects complex systems. He explains how diversity underpins system level robustness, allowing for multiple responses to external shocks and internal adaptations; how it provides the seeds for large events by creating outliers that fuel tipping points; and how it drives novelty and innovation. Page looks at the different kinds of diversity--variations within and across types, and distinct community compositions and interaction structures--and covers the evolution of diversity within complex systems and the factors that determine the amount of maintained diversity within a system. Provides a concise and accessible introduction Shows how diversity underpins robustness and fuels tipping points Covers all types of diversity The essential primer on diversity in complex adaptive systems

As cross-cultural migration increases democratic states face a particular challenge: how to grant equal rights and dignity to individuals while recognizing cultural distinctiveness. In response to the greater number of ethnic and religious minority groups, state policies seem to focus on managing cultural differences through planned pluralism. This book explores the dilemmas, paradoxes, and conflicts that emerge when differences are managed within this conceptual framework. After a critical investigation of the perceived logic of identity, indicative of Western nation-states and at the root of their pluralistic intentions, the author takes issue with both universalist notions of equality and cultural relativist notions of distinctiveness. However, without identity is it possible to participate in dialogue and form communities? Is there a way out of this impasse? The book argues in favor of communities based on nonidentitarian difference, developed and maintained through open and critical dialogue.

The most up-to-date analysis of today's immigration issues As the authors state in Chapter 1,'the movement of people across national borders represents one of the most vivid dramas of social reality in the contemporary world.'This comparative text examines contemporary immigration across the globe, focusing on 20 major nations. Noted scholars Peter Kivisto and Thomas Faist introduce students to important topics of inquiry at the heart of the field, including Movement: Explores the theories of migration using a historical perspective of the modern world. Settlement: Provides clarity concerning the controversial matter of immigrant incorporation and refers to the varied ways immigrants come to be a part of a new society. Control: Focuses on the politics of immigration and examines the role of states in shaping how people choose to migrate. Key Features Provides comprehensive coverage of topics not covered in other texts, such as state and immigration control, focusing on policies created to control migratory flow and evolving views of citizenship Offers a global portrait of contemporary immigration, including a demographic overview of today's cross-border movers Offers critical assessments of the achievements of the field to date Encourages students to rethink traditional views about the distinction between citizen and alien in this global age Suggests paths for future research and new theoretical developments Beyond a Border is a part of the SAGE Pine Forge Sociology for a New Century Series. It offers professors a powerful and timely option to incorporate the topic of immigration in their courses. Contributor to the SAGE Teaching Innovations and Professional Development Award

The ethnic composition of Britain's population is changing rapidly as the 21st century progresses. Some commentators predict a catastrophic future of increasing ethnic segregation and community breakdown, whereas others say that the benefits of ethnic pluralism and cultural diversity will lead to a more integrated society. This book addresses many of the key issues and debates associated with ethnicity and integration in Britain. It provides the reader with an enhanced understanding of ethnic population change and residential concentration, ethnic household dynamics, internal and international migration, the relationship between ethnicity and health, crime, identity and language, as well as ethnic population projections. Collectively, the findings presented here constitute an evidence base for policymakers and practitioners to draw upon when formulating solutions to the range of problems at local, regional and national level that are associated with an increasingly multi-ethnic society. This book is the third volume of the interdisciplinary series entitled ‘Understanding Population Trends and Processes'. Volume 1 reports the findings of research on fertility, living arrangements, care and mobility, whilst Volume 2 contains selected studies of spatial and social disparities in Britain using various secondary data sets.

'Walsh's book is not only thorough, thoughtful, and clearly written, it is also timely because as SF practice applications with their parallel knowledge bases continue to multiply, the questions Walsh addresses so competently are cutting edge for adopting a SF approach to practice in human services.'Peter De Jong, Solution-focused Therapist, Trainer, and Consultant and Emeritus Professor of Social Work, Calvin College, USABased in part on original research with over 50 practitioners, this absorbing book provides a practice model for solution-focused helping, developed from real-life experiences across a number of settings.The book begins by reviewing the original De Shazer and Berg practice model, establishing a case for change and then introduces a new concept for the solution-focused helper. Case examples are used to demonstrate the application of this new model in five different practice settings:Healthcare Learning disabilityServices for older people and end-of-life care Community development Services for globalised diverse communitiesReflective exercises and research reviews are included for each setting as well as sections on policy contexts and ethical dimensions. The Solution-Focused Helper will support students and practitioners who are already familiar with the basic concepts and principles of solution-focused work and who wish to develop their practice and deepen their knowledge.