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In recent years, the plight of immigrant children has been in the national spotlight. A primary issue of concern is the experience of child migrants in detention by the U.S. government. The authors in this volume approach the topic of child migrant detention from a range of perspectives. Some authors, particularly those who provide a legal perspective, chronicle the harms of detention, arguing that despite governmental assurances of child protection, detention is fundamentally a state-sanctioned form of violence. The social scientists in the volume have worked closely with detained youth themselves; in these chapters, authors highlight the ways in which youth survive detention, often through everyday acts of resistance and through the formation of temporary relationships. Practitioners including psychologists, activists, and faith leaders look at forms of resistance to detention. From retheorizing psychological interventions for detained youth to forming hospitality homes that act as alternatives to detention, these practitioners highlight ways forward for advocates of youth. At the heart of these narratives lies a crucial debate: the tension between harm-reduction strategies and abolition. This interdisciplinary work brings together voices from the legal realm, the academic world, and the on-the-ground experiences of activists and practitioners. Contributors Stella Akello Jessica Alaniz Aireen Grace Andal Samuel Arroyo Corey Brost Lina Caswell Muñoz Marisa Chumil Patricia Crowley Iman Dadras Sarah J. Diaz Sandra Espinoza Jacqueline Florian Michael Gosch Darlene Gramigna Lisa Jacobs Katherine Kaufka Walts Corinne Kentor Jenn M. Lilly Kathlyn Mulcahy Jennifer Nagda Vida Opoku Silvia Rodriguez Vega Emily Ruehs-Navarro Herlin Soto-Matute Luis Edward Tenorio Jajah Wu

Which were the mechanisms by which certain groups were positioned at the margins of national narratives during the nineteenth century, either via their exclusion from these narratives of through their incorporation into them as ‘others'? By engaging with shifting ideas of exclusion and difference, the authors in this book reflect upon the paradoxical centrality of the subaltern at a time when literature was deployed as a tool for nation building. The lasting presence of the Jewish and Moorish legacy, the portrayal of gypsy characters, or the changing notions of femininity in public discourse exemplify the ways in which images of marginal ‘types'played a central role in the configuration of the very idea of Spanishness. ¿Cuáles fueron los mecanismos mediante los que ciertos grupos fueron relegados a los márgenes del relato nacional durante el siglo XIX, bien a través de su exclusión de dichos relatos, bien a través de su incorporación a ellos como'otros'? A través del análisis de las ideas de exclusión y diferencia, los autores de este libro reflexionan sobre la paradójica centralidad de lo marginal en una época en la que la literatura fue una herramienta fundamental para la construcción de la nación. La pervivencia del legado judío y morisco, la representación de personajes gitanos o las distintas nociones de feminidad presentes en el discurso público ejemplifican las formas en que las imágenes de'tipos'marginales desempeñaron un papel central en la configuración de la idea de españolidad.

A story that involves as its main players'workers'and'Walmart'does not usually have a happy ending for labor, so the counternarrative offered by Building Power from Below is must reading for activists and union personnel as well as scholars. In 2008 Walmart acquired a controlling share in a large supermarket chain in Santiago, Chile. As part of the deal Walmart had to accept the unions that were already in place. Since then, Chilean retail and warehouse workers have done something that has seemed impossible for labor in the United States: they have organized even more successful unions and negotiated unprecedented contracts with Walmart.In Building Power from Below, Carolina Bank Muñoz attributes Chilean workers'success in challenging the world's largest corporation to their organizations'commitment to union democracy and building strategic capacity. Chilean workers have spent years building grassroots organizations committed to principles of union democracy. Retail workers'unions have less structural power, but have significant associational and symbolic power. Their most notable successes have been in fighting for respect and dignity on the job. Warehouse workers by contrast have substantial structural power and have achieved significant economic gains. While the model in Chile cannot necessarily be reproduced in different countries, we can gain insights from the Chilean workers'approaches, tactics, and strategies.

Bringing together the analysis of a diverse team of social scientists, this book proposes a new approach to environmental problems. Cutting through the fragmented perspectives on water crises, it seeks to shift the analytic perspectives on water policy by looking at the social logics behind environmental issues. Most importantly, it analyzes the dynamic influences on water management, as well as the social and institutional forces that orient water and conservation policies. The first work of its kind, The Field of Water Policy: Power and Scarcity in the American Southwest brings the tools of Pierre Bourdieu's field sociology to bear on a moment of environmental crisis, with a study of the logics of water policy in the American Southwest, a region that allows us to see the contest over the management of scarce resources in a context of lasting drought. As such, it will appeal to scholars in the social and political sciences with interests in the environment and the management of natural resources.

Youth studies in Latin America and Spain face numerous challenges. This book delves into youth experiences in the 21st century, shaped by complex and pressing issues: the surge of youth cultures and groups, visual images of youth throughout time, and fragmented youth experiences in radically unequal societies. It analyzes young people as precarious natives in global capitalism and labor uncertainty, juvenicide, feminist discourse, social networks, intimacy and sexual affection among young people in a context of growing claims of gender equality. Also included are rural and indigenous youth as political actors, the actions of young political activists within government administrations, the experience of youth migration and empowerment, and young people dealing with the digital world. How have youth studies approached these issues in Latin America and Spain? Which were the main developments and transformations in this research field over the past years? Where is it heading? Contributors are: Jorge Benedicto, Maritza Urteaga, Dolores Rocca, José Antonio Pérez Islas, Juan Carlos Revilla, Mariano Urraco, Almudena Moreno, Óscar Aguilera, Marcela Saá, Rafael Merino, Ana Miranda, Carles Feixa, Gonzalo Saraví, Antonio Santos-Ortega, David Muñoz-Rodríguez, Arantxa Grau-Muñoz, José Manuel Valenzuela, Silvia Elizalde, Mónica Figueras, Mittzy Arciniega, Nele Hansen, Tanja Strecker, Elisa G. de Castro, Melina Vázquez, René Unda, Daniel Llanos, Sonia Páez de la Torre, Pere Soler, Daniel Calderón, and Stribor Kuric.

Across the globe, states have long aimed to control the movement of people, identify their citizens, and restrict noncitizens'rights through official identification documents. Although states are now less likely to grant permanent legal status, they are increasingly issuing new temporary and provisional legal statuses to migrants. Meanwhile, the need for migrants to apply for frequent renewals subjects them to more intensive state surveillance. The contributors to Paper Trails examine how these new developments change migrants'relationship to state, local, and foreign bureaucracies. The contributors analyze, among other toics, immigration policies in the United Kingdom, the issuing of driver's licenses in Arizona and New Mexico, the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals program, and community know-your-rights campaigns. By demonstrating how migrants are inscribed into official bureaucratic systems through the issuance of identification documents, the contributors open up new ways to understand how states exert their power and how migrants must navigate new systems of governance.Contributors. Bridget Anderson, Deborah A. Boehm, Susan Bibler Coutin, Ruth Gomberg-Muñoz, Sarah B. Horton, Josiah Heyman, Cecilia Menjívar, Juan Thomas Ordóñez, Doris Marie Provine, Nandita Sharma, Monica Varsanyi

Technological progress in the 21st Century still remains monopolized by the developed countries, thereby determining the direction and rhythm of growth in developing countries which must import their technological infrastructure. This colonialized model of industrialization leads to a perpetual outflow of resources abroad and to structured social exclusion that placed narrow limits on democracy and the distribution of overall wellbeing. Why did Latin American societies fail to create an internal division of labour that could adequately provide for the development of productive forces? How did this affect the prospects for democracy in the region? Development and Democracy: Relations in Conflict examines the conflicting relations between technological development and democracy as they unfold in a new and ever more challenging environment.Contributors are: Irma Lorena Acosta Reveles, Leonel Álvarez Yáñez, Jesús Becerra Villegas, Ximena de la Barra, Héctor de la Fuente Limón, R. A. Dello Buono, Sergio Octavio Contreras Padilla, Silvana Andrea Figueroa Delgado, Víctor Manuel Figueroa Sepúlveda, Ernesto Menchaca Arredondo, Miguel Omar Muñoz Domínguez, Alexandre M. Quaresma de Moura, Cristina Recéndez Guerrero.

This handbook reviews extant research and offers critical summaries of key topics and issues in the field, enriched by authoritative analyses of specific cases and examples. It displays pluralism across a number of axes: epistemological, theoretical, geographical, cultural, and thematic.The first part offers historical routes through the international development of the field and explores the epistemological grounds of multiple strands of environmental communication studies.In aiming to map the field broadly, as well as stimulating new thinking, the second part is organized along three core perspectives: arenas, voice, and place. It comprises chapters on various public spaces that are critical to the symbolic constitution of the environment, and sheds light on a range of aspects and social agents that have received insufficient attention, including research about – and carried out in – non-Western countries.Crucially, at a time of profound environmental crisis, the final part of this book discusses possibilities and constraints to social change, and the potential contributions of environmental communication research to ways of understanding and responding to the challenge.

This open access book examines the formation and sustainability of private credit networks in past societies, gathering a global range of case studies from Europe and the Americas. The book represents a fi rst attempt to coordinate the work of different scholars working on credit networks and aims to explore the possibilities offered by social network analysis for the study of past fi nancial markets and networks. Each contribution offers new perspectives for the comprehension of past fi nancial networks, with a broad chronological and geographical scope. The chapters are arranged thematically and study both rural and urban networks, each employing a network perspective to facilitate an increased understanding of the relational dynamics of preindustrial credit transactions. This book models the various ways that SNA can be utilized by economic and fi nancial historians, as well as discusses its limitations and ways in which it can be combined with qualitative archival research. The book is of interest to a broad audience of scholars in the fi elds of economic, fi nancial and social history.

It is written in a lucid style with theoretical discussions being supplemented with tables for easy understanding of the subject. This book provides a comprehensive overview of the immigration process and policies with specific emphasis on global immigrants. This book focuses on different issues experienced by immigrant and refugee families and youth as well as programs implemented to serve these populations. This book is highly useful for academics, researchers, and advanced students of social work, public policy, law and sociology.

Inequality and injustice have long been part of the structure of our society, including law, crime, and the criminal justice system. Class, Race, Gender, and Crime, sixth edition explores the continuing impact of class, race, gender, sexuality, and their intersections – and how the “justice” system can recreate those oppressions. Broken into three parts, the book opens with an overview of the criminal justice-industrial complex and introspection about the biases in criminology. Part II, “Inequality and Privilege,” contains chapters to provide a foundation for understanding class, race, gender and sexuality and intersectionality. Part III, “The Administration of Law and Criminal Justice” covers criminal law, policing, prosecution and courts, and punishment, with headings in each chapter for class, race, gender and sexuality and intersectionality to provide systematic coverage. The text also highlights how immigration (“crimmigration”), child welfare, healthcare, and other systems are intertwined with criminal justice in the lives of different minority populations. Real-world examples of how class, race, and gender and sexuality unfold in sentencing and punishment bring theory to life, while chapter-opening vignettes illustrate key issues, and discussion questions encourage critical thinking.New to This Edition:New and expanded coverage of immigration enforcement highlights its connection to criminal justice and its importance for understanding social control in our society (Chapter 1, Chapter 4, Chapter 8, Chapter 9)Entirely revised Chapter 5, “Understanding Gender/Sexuality and Male/Heterosexual Privilege” offers modern and comprehensive understandings of gender and sexuality, including queer theory and queer criminology, that carries through later chaptersExpanded Chapter 8, “Law Enforcement” and expanded Chapter 9, “Prosecution, Plea Bargains and Deportation,” offer new explorations such as policing of abortions and miscarriage, and immigration courts, respectivelyNew conclusion discusses prison abolition, so readers can understand the debate and think for themselves about how deep the need for reform goes

Is entrepreneurship a pathway out of poverty? Does creating a business represent a means for improving one's life circumstances? Surprisingly little is known about ventures started by those in circumstances of poverty. This pioneering handbook integrates diverse perspectives from around the world regarding the poverty and entrepreneurship interface. While the tendency among many scholars, economic developers, and policymakers is to downplay these ventures, arguing they are largely inefficient, marginal enterprises that create little innovation and few jobs, the chapters in this handbook demonstrate their significant contributions, and encourage societies to invest in their development. The authors explore a range of factors affecting the ability of the poor to create enterprises that contribute to their well-being, including the role played by personal capabilities, education, family support and faith, availability of microfinance, technology, supportive community ecosystems and a munificent institutional environment. By shedding light on issues that can help nations realize the potential of these ventures, this volume demonstrates how entrepreneurship can serve as a source of empowerment, while providing direction regarding ways to surmount the obstacles that stand in the way.

With the prominence of workshops, trainings, and anti-racist books popping up over the past few years, it may seem confusing as to what it really means to engage in deliberate and meaningful learning that challenges the many facets of racism and whiteness.'Untangling Whiteness'directly interrogates the assumption that the teaching and learning about race and whiteness, particularly within the university context, can be condensed to one course, one workshop, or even a few trainings. It is a life-long process that may begin in one university classroom, but must continue as part of who we are as unfinished and undetermined beings. Through a deep and multi-faceted interrogation of racism and white supremacy, this book untangles critical theories of race, whiteness and resistance in an accessible and dialogical manner. It also situates whiteness in Aotearoa, New Zealand, demonstrating the importance of context and location when working to undermine and challenge it. As a theoretical provocation of existing scholarship on race and white supremacy,'Untangling Whiteness'is underpinned by educating for critical consciousness, as well as a phenomenological engagement that aims to both interpret the world differently and transform it.

The Routledge International Handbook of Valuation and Society builds on the growing research interest in practices of valuation throughout contemporary society, providing an up-to-date overview of the different facets of research in the sociology of valuation.The handbook is divided into five major sections with attention to the treatment of valuation in major areas of sociological theory, as well as its key concepts, discourses, and approaches:Part I: Theoretical perspectivesPart II: Central valuation practices in societal spheresPart III: Cross-cutting valuation practicesPart IV: Valuation and societal changePart V: ReflectionsTogether, the chapters in this book characterize distinctive practices of valuation across different societal spheres, such as education and science, arts and culture, economic life, the environment or digital culture and social media. They also examine the role of valuation in contemporary society and consider the ways it effects social change.This seminal handbook aims at taking stock of the development of the study of valuation with a selection of topics that are important for understanding core perspectives and developments as well as anticipating its future orientation. It will appeal to scholars across the social sciences with interest in the ubiquity of the valuation practices and its effects on social life.

Citizenship Utopias in the Global South is an edited collection of empirical research that explores emergent forms of activism in Africa, Asia, and Latin America in times of multiple crises. At the intersection of hope and disillusionment, the diverse and thought-provoking chapters investigate emerging forms of activism in the Global South – including youth activisms, anti-racism struggles, feminist initiatives, online dissent, and Indigenous movements.In the 2020s, many parts of the world are witnessing contradictory processes of popular claims to rights, livelihoods, and social justice, and subsequent forms of populist authoritarianism and the securitization of civil society. Previously hopeful calls for dignity, democracy, and social justice – through protesting, strikes, civil society campaigns, legal reforms, and elections, for example – have been met with disdain and civic disengagement. This book investigates the re-imagination and pursuit of citizen activism in such times of popular disillusionment. It explores citizenship utopias as social imaginaries that are enacted and that articulate an ideal social order or democratic polity with ideal forms of experiencing citizenship. Its chapters interrogate conventional approaches to citizenship by introducing a nuanced and empirically grounded exploration of the complex ways in which people experience, negotiate, and engage in the societal changes that they aspire towards. The examination of citizenship utopias outlines contemporary signals for transformative futures and their possibilities.The book undertakes a fresh effort at contributing to the shifting terrain of critical development studies, political anthropology, political sociology, and decolonising scholarship by engaging in discussions about citizenship, activism, disillusionment, and future societal alternatives in times of multiple global challenges.

This book offers a discussion of the origins of Latin American dependency theories and their implications for contemporary social theory. The book explores the conditions of emergence of this intellectual movement, the trajectories of some of its main formulators, as well as the circulation of their ideas, their reception in other contexts, and their influence on other theoretical formulations and problems of the present. The book is aimed at social scientists interested in broadening the scope of social theory towards the Global South, in processes of knowledge circulation between central and semi-peripheral regions, as well as in understanding the problems of dependency, modernisation, and development processes in Latin America. The book can be used both as an introduction to these themes and to delve deeper into specific issues.

In March 2019, ISIS was territorially defeated. ISIS members were captured and detained: men were sent to prison and women and children to camps in northern Syria. This is an unprecedented situation where for the first-time thousands of female members of a terrorist group are detained in a foreign country without access to legal mechanisms, rehabilitation or reintegration measures. What happens to the foreign women (and children) who are not repatriated from the camps? If they are repatriated, are there rehabilitation and reintegration programmes in place that account for the experiences the women had? Most existing rehabilitation and reintegration programmes are gender-neutral; that is, they claim to be universal, and are not tailored specifically to male or female beneficiaries. Yet, typically, these programmes are influenced by implicit gender norms and assumptions, such as that men are violent perpetrators of aggression and women are victims who are peaceful and lack agency. Alongside gender norms, intersecting racial and religious dynamics also shape how governments handle the repatriation, rehabilitation and reintegration of ISIS returnees. This includes racial profiling, the conflation between Islam and extremism and more broadly the rising Islamophobia in many countries, particularly since the ‘War on Terror'. These dynamics lead to an absence of rehabilitation and reintegration programmes specifically designed for women's diverse experiences, which is the subject of this book. Returning Home examines state responses to repatriation, rehabilitation and reintegration of ISIS returnees from an intersectional perspective, with a focus on ISIS women returnees. This book addresses the biased understandings that are built into scholarship and policy responses that reinforce gendered and racialized inequalities. It outlines how these dynamics can be uncovered and redressed by designing policies that are responsive to gender differences, inequalities and harmful norms..

It is written in a lucid style with the most recent advances and with theoretical discussions being supplemented with illustrations, and tables for easy understanding of the subject. This book deals with some of the emerging topics on the challenge of cultural assets conservation and the application of different scientific approaches to the common goal of the conservation of cultural heritage. This book would be an invaluable asset for the students and teachers working in the field of conservation science and museum laboratories.

Social Problems focuses on how people construct problems, and how they develop potential solutions, based on their political attitudes. Encouraging readers to develop their own positions, author John Macionis helps you attain the knowledge to engage in solving social problems through activism and political discussion. The 9th Edition has been updated to reflect the events, trends and policy changes that are transforming society. Contemporary topics include the continuing effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and the transgender revolution's impact on how we think about sex and gender. An updated chapter wholly dedicated to social media emphasizes how this important form of communication and culture impacts society.

Explores forms of maternal harm stemming from US policies on the US-Mexico borderIn El Paso, Texas, the racist undertones of anti-immigrant sentiment have contributed to various forms of violence in the region, including the 2019 mass shooting that was the deadliest attack on Latinos in US history. As the community continued to mourn this tragedy, the COVID-19 pandemic unleashed yet another set of economic, social, and public health catastrophes that were disproportionately felt within the border region.In Birth in Times of Despair, Carina Heckert traces women's emotional experiences of pregnancy, birth, and the postpartum period in the midst of a series of longstanding and ongoing crises in the US-Mexico border region. Drawing from interviews, surveys, and medical records of women who gave birth during an intense period of sociopolitical crisis, she examines how limited access to health care, inhumane immigration policies, and exposure to an array of harmful social environmental circumstances serve as sources of intense harm for pregnant and recently pregnant women. In so doing, Heckert reveals how these experiences serve as a profound critique of policies that continue to fail to protect women and their families. She concludes with suggestions for practical, humane, and urgent policy changes to alleviate the needless suffering of this vulnerable group.With its comprehensive portrait of the abysmal physical and mental health outcomes pregnant women face within the border region, Birth in Times of Despair expands our understanding of how obstetric violence is enhanced by the structural violence of the state, and unveils the urgency to ameliorate the harm caused by current immigration policies.

In Digital Environments and Human Ecology: New Perspectives on AI Issues, editors and contributors embark on a multidisciplinary exploration of how artificial intelligence (AI) is reshaping the landscapes of human interactions, societal structures, and individual and collective psychologies. Discussing if and to what extent the digital environment can be considered an extension of our environment, this book investigates the profound implications of AI's integration into our daily life, emphasizing the need for a harmonious coexistence between technological advancements and human-centric values, stressing the importance of sustainability in digital development and, therefore, a renewed Human Ecology. By weaving together insights from computer science, social sciences, philosophy, and environmental studies, this book offers a comprehensive and nuanced understanding of the complex relationship between humans and technology. It serves as a vital resource for policymakers, technologists, scholars, and anyone interested in the ethical and ecological implications of digital technologies in our lives.

This handbook takes a comprehensive approach to studying and understanding modern slavery, particularly forced labour and human trafficking. It considers the historical and cultural roots of modern slavery and suggests that analyzing the issue from humanities, social sciences, criminological, and business perspectives could lead to a better understanding of its emergence worldwide. The handbook also highlights the role of religions/spiritualities and multinational corporations in the expansion of modern slavery and argues that exploring their potential ethical responsibilities is essential. Furthermore, it combines theoretical frameworks of intersectionality and globalization to study the interconnectedness of various factors in shaping and understanding modern slavery. Finally, it contains an impressive range of geographic and conceptual approaches to the problems of combating modern slavery.

The Handbook of Chinese Migration to Europe offers a comprehensive exploration of recent human mobility from China to Europe. Written by leading scholars from various disciplines, its 23 chapters delve into the multifaceted dimensions of Chinese migrants and their descendants across Europe, providing novel explorations into migration motivations and pathways, China's diaspora engagement, economic entrepreneurship, socialization, and identity constructions. Each chapter presents existing scholarship and contributes with fresh empirical research that challenges conventional assumptions. Whether you are a researcher, policymaker, journalist, commentator, practitioner, or student, this handbook provides invaluable insights, reshaping our understanding of migration and China–Europe dynamics in the 21st century.

This open access book is the first to offer a systematic overview of the different methods for assessing brain development and a comparative review of how such assessments have already influenced the law. Lawmakers prefer to draw clear distinctions, but biology is characterized by continua: both in terms of how development proceeds within a person and how it differs from other people. However, this does not mean that age limits are arbitrary. This book extends the author's previous research on the Dutch juvenile criminal law, which was founded on the brain development of adolescents and has been in use for more than a decade. The role of age limits in death and life sentences in the US and the new cannabis legislation in Germany are also analyzed in depth. This project combines biological, psychological and social knowledge and puts forward a pragmatic proposal to connect the two fields of brain development and law. It will be of interest to researchers, professionals (e.g. judges, legislators) and students alike.

While providing a basis for all ecosystems, bugs such as insects and arachnids also destroy crops and indirectly kill humans and other animals by the millions. This book illuminates the many ways in which human lives affect and are affected by bugs as part of a wider network of species. 14 chapters reveal how knowledge, ideas, and emotions related to bugs are historically and culturally formed. With many bug populations in free fall, how can humans and bugs coexist? This book examines this question and offers a new ethics for this coexistence. Contributors are Michaela Fenske, Minna Santaoja, Concepción Cortés Zulueta, Heidi Mikkola, Laura Hollsten, Sophie FitzMaurice, Otto Latva, Marianne Mäkelin, Taina Syrjämaa, Suvi Rytty, Sanna Lillbroända-Annala, Emily Webster, Karine Aasgaard Jansen, Heta Lähdesmäki, and Tuomas Räsänen.

This book tells the story of what happens when the “adventure” of living in Spain turns complicated due to the emergence of care needs derived from loss of autonomy. It investigates the care strategies of retirement migrants that must navigate a foreign welfare system and a different “culture of care”, and how the COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated the difficulties they experience accessing care services and information. The book condenses the results of a 4-year (2019-2022) research project funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science under the title “Retirement migration and the Social Services” and applies a mixed methods approach that combined statistical analysis of secondary data; telephonic interviews with the coordinators of Social Services in more than 80 Spanish municipalities with a high presence of retirement migrants; ethnographic case studies in four municipalities (observation, interviews, focus groups); and an online survey with social workers.

This book focuses on global mobility and the worldwide articulation of family life, understood as dimensions of social change that come off from the private sphere of individuals and reverberate to the point of transforming the composition of national populations. Delving into the interrelation of migration and life courses, the volume investigates how individual mobility paths are intertwined with family matters and the way population movements are embedded in a myriad of intimate and household affairs. The inquiry is based on qualitative data and specifically focused on the migratory flow between Morocco and Italy through an exploration that encompasses a range of interrelated issues such as: transnational marriages, intimacy, love, daily domestic life, the formation of second generations and citizenship. Providing an exhaustive analysis of such phenomena, the book portrays cultural diversity in a nuanced manner and, in so doing, contributes to de-politicize widely stigmatized traits of migrant families.

This innovative textbook on the theories, approaches and methodologies that inform political geography is brought together by past and present editors of the journal of the same name. The book fills the current gap in the literature through a reflection on the ‘doing'of political geography: its very practice. The book includes chapters authored by leading and emerging voices in the field and covers themes to guide students across various degree levels, as well as university staff and faculty, in a logical and practical manner. The textbook allows students to develop critical thinking and reflect on important aspects of the practice of the sub-discipline. It presents how theories, approaches and methodologies are adopted by researchers in practice, equipping political geographers at all stages to develop their own individual research projects. Download the SN More Media app for free, scan a link with play button and access audio directly on your smartphone or tablet.

This extensive Research Handbook surveys historical and contemporary patterns within research on the sociology of gender. It clarifies key definitions and examines influential factors such as race, age, and occupation. Introductory chapters provide significant foundational scope for research on the sociology of gender. Following this, a diverse array of contributors present insights into important and emerging concepts such as femininities, masculinities, intersex identities, sexuality, and transnational feminisms. Within the Research Handbook, gender is explored on multiple levels, from individual to institutional, and it ultimately paints a comprehensive picture of the sociology of gender that crosses continents and develops an inclusive perspective. This Research Handbook is beneficial to students of sociology and social policy, as well as those studying gender within other disciplines such as business and management. Researchers and academics looking for contemporary analyses will also find this to be an important resource.

This book explores the question of how urban sustainability can be achieved despite a lack of knowledge integration between different fields. This book starts from the premise that the battle for sustainability will be won or lost in cities and proposes a critical, up-to-date review of transdisciplinary knowledge management tools – notably, scenario methods for informed decision-making. Drawing from literature and pioneering experience in innovation clusters (university-industry-government) during the last decade, it provides a review of recent eco-city concepts and knowledge management tools for effective decision-making in the transition to urban sustainability. Using method outlines, case studies, and graphical representations, it is intended to serve as a toolbox for those interested in urban transformation towards sustainability.The challenge of sustainability is unprecedented in the history of humanity. The world population is already predominantly urban, andthe biosphere is profoundly transformed in ways which we can only partially understand, let alone manage. For example, the Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change has produced very impressive sets of global climate scenarios, but the consequences for real-world management remain marginal.This book is intended for city managers concerned with urban transformation towards sustainability, policymakers, researchers-innovators, and technology developers, industry and business professionals, as well as students and the general public.

The book tries to answer the most fundamental question of whether there is a link between abundant food supply and economic growth with respect to a higher degree of human development. In order to have flourishing economic growth within a country the need for a food security system is a must. The world as we know is faced with shortages of food supply which has been a major factor in the country's economic development. The book is an attempt to understand the problems and current situation of food systems in the developing world. It focuses on the pathways to understand the challenges that it faces and predict future scenarios. The motive is to create academic literature to understand the basis of sustainable food security. The social, economic, and political factors become the main theme of the book. It focuses on the interdisciplinary nature of food security. Many a time we only understand the idea of food security through the lens of scientific nature but in the meantime, it forgets the other important factors that are governing the issue of food security. The inclusion of the cases section in the book helps to outline the current scenarios of the developing world. It helps to formulate a pathway or a way forward to understand the causes of food security. Food has now become a political context in the international system. The need for analyzing the political angle is necessary. The context of innovations and technological developments forms an important part of food security. The critique of existing policy systems across the developing world is a must need discussion as it is the policies that will make the food systems sustainable. Last but not least is to look at how the global food systems work and how far it has been able to fix the problems of food insecurity in the developing world. Overall, the book is an excellent interdisciplinary food security literature.

Games are often a fun perk of a tech company job, and employees can “play to win” in the competition to succeed. But in studying “Behemoth” (a pseudonym for a top American tech company), Tongyu Wu discovered that gaming work culture was far more insidious. Play to Submission shows how Behemoth's games undermined and manipulated workers. They lost their work-life balance and the constant competition made labor organizing difficult. Nonetheless, many workers embraced management's games as a chance to show off their “gamer” identities and create a workplace culture with privileged insiders and exiled outsiders, with female and migrant workers usually in the latter group. Moreover, Wu indicates this may be the future of work for high- and low-skilled and, creative workers in an environment where capitalists have heightened demands for technology and creativity. Drawing from 13 months of ethnographic work, Wu presents a persistent reality in which the company reaps the reward of surplus productivity, leaving employees themselves in a highly competitive and sometimes precarious work position.

Pandemic and Narration: Covid-19 Narratives in Latin America'sheds light on how, as Covid-19 spread, infecting and killing millions across the world, life not only continued to be experienced but also continued to be narrated. By putting together this volume, we help understand what happened in the region from a perspective in which, unlike most of what we saw during the health emergency, numbers, statistics and percentages are not at the centre of the analysis. The essays gathered here foreground something else: the manifold ways Covid-19 was subjectively and collectively narrated in the news, government reports, political speeches, NGO communications, social media, literature, songs and many other media. From a wide range of disciplinary approaches, the contributors to this edition pay attention to how fictional and non-fictional stories, official discourses, as well as personal and political accounts, documented, represented and shaped the health crisis, laying bare how —in Latin American countries— the spread of the virus intersected with corruption, gender-based violence, inequality and exclusion, as with community, solidarity and hope. Readers will find that the focus on narrative provides an alternative source of knowledge on Latin America's Covid-19 experience. Our perspective contrasts with the usual emphasis on death tolls, infection rates, weekly cases, vaccination counts, and the plethora of statistics that illustrated the gravity of the situation in the build-up to, during, and after the peak of the crisis. While extremely important to understand the situation, numbers do not tell the whole story. A comprehensive picture of the pandemic can only be achieved when the stories of the virus are accounted for. Health, after all, is no stranger to narrative. And neither is Latin America.

This book presents contributions from a multidisciplinary team of researchers who analyzed the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and prospects for the Caribbean region. This book examines experiences, and responses to the pandemic in the region as well as some of the lessons that can be leveraged on beyond the pandemic. The volume is organized into four parts. Part I offers perspectives on the structural factors that influenced the Caribbean's experience with the COVID-19 pandemic. Part II delves into the social and psychological dimensions of the pandemic's impact in the region, offering specific examples. Part III explores the ramifications of the pandemic on crime and violence. And Part IV is dedicated to analyzing the regional and national responses to the pandemic. Prospects and Challenges for Caribbean Societies in and beyond COVID-19 will be of interest to researchers in a wide range of disciplines within the Social and Behavioral Sciences interested in studies about the Caribbean. It also aims to serve as a source of information and inspiration for researchers, practitioners and decision makers interested in contributing to the development of the Caribbean region.

Theatre Worlds in Motion aims to clarify the different theatre traditions and practices in Western Europe from a historical and sociological perspective. The book grew out of a perceived need among theatre scholars who had recognised that, while they understood the theatre system of their own country, they often found it difficult to discover how it compared with other countries. The chapters analyse the basic components and dynamics of theatre systems in seventeen Western European nations in order to elucidate how the systems function in general and how they vary in different cultures. The book provides a sense of what has been happening recently in particular countries, and indicates how the theatre systems have developed over time and have led to the current practices and structures. Each national chapter considers the historical tradition and place of theatre within the country and analyses the role of the state in fostering theatre during the last fifty years. Material from the national chapters has been used in two general chapters at the beginning and end of the book to provide an overview to developments in all Western Europe. The introductory chapter on decentralisation discusses the tendency amongst governments to encourage cultural development outside the national capital by providing subsidy for regional theatre venues and theatre companies and, in many cases, by developing the decision-making and budgetary powers for the theatre to regional and local authorities. The epilogue on the functioning of theatre examines the common structures of theatre in society as described in the seventeen national chapters, and it proposes areas for future research.

This volume considers how Black activism in Latin America has taken place in varying arenas such as in the academy, digital platforms, and traditional forms of activism. Contributors also examine the impact of activism on policy advocacy and legislation, as well as groups who the Black Lives Matter movement focus on such as women and immigrants. The first part of the book focuses on making Black Lives Matter in academic studies, governmental data, and politics. The next section focuses on the impact of Black activism on policy and legislation in Brazil, Colombia, and Peru. Black activists have been fighting for Black lives throughout Latin America and their struggles have not been in vain, although less policy change has occurred in Peru. The last section finds that social media has allowed for more independent forms of Black activism in Brazil and Cuba.

Never has the world been as rich in scientific knowledge as it is today. But what are its main sources? In accessible and engaging fashion, Global Mega-Science examines the origins of this unprecedented growth of knowledge production over the past hundred and twenty years. David P. Baker and Justin J.W. Powell integrate sociological and historical approaches with unique scientometric data to argue that at the heart of this phenomenon is the unparalleled cultural success of universities and their connection to science: the university-science model. Considering why science is so deeply linked to (higher) educational development, the authors analyze the accumulation of capacity to produce research—and demonstrate how the university facilitates the emerging knowledge society. The age of global mega-science was built on the symbiotic relationship between higher education and science, especially the worldwide research collaborations among networked university-based scientists. These relationships are key for scholars and citizens to understand the past, future, and sustainability of science.

Over a million Kurdish-Yezidi refugees are dispersed across European cities and towns. However, they are neither recognized as a distinct community of stateless immigrants nor as a distinct European ethnic or religious minority. They are frequently utilized as data sources without having a voice to address their challenges. This oral testimony project, moving beyond, but contributing to, conventional academic research, provides these communities with a space to tackle multiple questions in their own languages and with their own voices. The book seeks to answer what drives their departures from their home countries, how they escape, what shapes their lives in receiving cities, and finally, how homeland affairs influence their lives in new environments. By addressing all these themes, this book presents refugee-centric knowledge by and with refugees as objects and subjects of their narratives and transcends neoliberal humanitarian, state-centric, and colonial hegemonic epistemes thatlimit refugees'epistemic capabilities and viewpoints.

The book offers a comprehensive overview of the challenges and opportunities associated with the transition to sustainable energy, circular economy, and sustainable financing for ESG practices. The publication is needed at this time because the world is facing urgent environmental and social challenges, such as climate change, resource depletion, and social inequality, which require a fundamental transformation of our economic and social systems. The transition to sustainable energy, circular economy, and sustainable financing for ESG practices offers a promising pathway to address these challenges and achieve sustainable development goals.The purpose of the publication is to provide a holistic and practical guide for policymakers, business leaders, investors, and other stakeholders who are interested in advancing sustainable energy, circular economy, and ESG practices. The book covers a range of topics, including the drivers of the transition, policy frameworks and regulations, technology and innovation, business models and financial instruments, and the role of stakeholders in facilitating the transition. It also emphasizes the importance of integrated approaches that balance economic, social, and environmental objectives, and provides practical examples and case studies of successful sustainable energy, circular economy, and ESG practices from around the world.The new contribution of this publication is its interdisciplinary and practical approach to sustainable energy, circular economy, and ESG practices. The book draws on the latest research from various fields, including economics, engineering, environmental science, and social science, and provides a synthesis of best practices and lessons learned from a diverse range of stakeholders, such as governments, businesses, and civil society organizations. The publication also provides a roadmap for how stakeholders can work together overcome the challenges of the transition and create a more sustainable and equitable future.The book is a timely and essential guide for anyone who is interested in advancing sustainable development goals. The book provides a comprehensive overview of the challenges and opportunities associated with the transition to sustainable energy, circular economy, and sustainable financing for ESG practices and offers practical solutions and case studies from around the world. Its interdisciplinary and practical approach makes it a valuable resource for policymakers, business leaders, investors, and other stakeholders who are committed to creating a more sustainable and equitable future.

This book amplifies the different voices and experiences of those facing gender-based violence (GBV) in the Global South. It explores the localised ways in which marginalised individuals design modes of coping with and address GBV, including cultural interpretations, and artistic and faith-based expressions.The book examines GBV triggers, prevalence, and societal impacts while referring to community, national, and regional mobilisation to deal with the phenomenon in its various manifestations, including physical, psychological, political, domestic, and public violence. It explores issues related to women's negotiations with the patriarchal underpinnings of GBV; the role of the law and history in the perpetuation of GBV; the complementary role of culture and faith to legal protection against GBV, and access to justice for women and girls. In doing so, the book exposes understandings and expressions of GBV, as well as methodologies and indigenous initiatives to prevent it through local viable solutions. The book thus challenges the normalisation of GBV in the Global South.Providing concrete and culturally relevant suggestions for challenging ingrained models of gender understandings of violence in the Global South, this book will be of interest to academics in the fields of Development Studies, Gender Studies, Women's Studies, Violence and Abuse Studies, Human Rights, Criminal Law, and Socio-Legal Studies.

This book investigates how the radical left navigates the terrain of nationalism. Traversing Spain, Italy and Portugal, this in-depth study examines how radical left parties either embrace, rebuff or reshape nationalistic sentiments. From Spain's Podemos grappling with Franco's legacy, Italy's radical left switching from anti-fascist patriotism to cosmopolitanism, to Portugal's revolutionary echoes in left-leaning banal nationalism, the book offers comprehensive insight into the often-overlooked relationship between radical left politics and national identity. Through discourse analysis, interviews and participant observation, it delves into the reasons behind certain political positions and how they manifest discursively. A must-read for those eager to decipher the crossroads of national identity and left-wing politics in contemporary Europe.

From its inception, the public safety net in the United States has excluded many people because of their race, gendered roles, or other factors. As a result, they must prove their moral worthiness to get resources for themselves and their families. In When Care Is Conditional, sociologist Dani Carrillo reveals the ramifications of this conditional safety net by focusing on one particularly vulnerable population: undocumented immigrants. Through in-depth interviews with Latinx immigrants in northern California, Carrillo examines three circumstances—place, gender, and immigration status—that intersect to influence an individual's access to health care, food assistance, and other benefits. She demonstrates that place of residence affects undocumented immigrants'ability to get care since more services are available in urban areas, where many immigrants cannot afford to live, than suburban areas, where public transportation is limited. She also shows that while both men and women who are undocumented have difficulty obtaining care, men often confront more challenges. Undocumented women who are pregnant or mothers are eligible for some government safety net programs and rely on informal coethnic networks or a “guiding figure”—a relative, friend, neighbor, or coworker—who explains how to get care and makes them feel confident in accessing it. Most undocumented men, in contrast, are not eligible for public programs except in a medical emergency and often lack someone to guide them directly to care. Men sometimes steer one another to jobs through worker centers—where they may learn about various services and take advantage of those that increase their employability, like English or computer classes—but a culture of masculinity leads them to downplay medical problems and seek health care only in a crisis. As undocumented immigrants navigate this exclusionary system, Carrillo finds that they resist the rhetoric stigmatizing them as lawbreakers. Dismissing the importance of “papers” and highlighting their work ethic, they question the fairness of U.S. immigration policies and challenge ideas about who deserves care. Carrillo offers concrete recommendations, such as improving labor conditions and reexamining benefit eligibility, to increase access to care for not only undocumented immigrants but also people who have been excluded because of their race, criminal record, gender identity, sexual orientation, or disability. She argues that working with and across populations creates a powerful form of solidarity in advocating for inclusive care. When Care Is Conditional provides compelling insights into how safety net and immigration policies intersect to affect people's everyday lives and calls for a cultural shift so that the United States can provide unconditional care for all.

Over the past decades, psychosocial studies has demonstrated its strengths and influence across diverse sites of theory and practice; it continues to grow as an area of transdisciplinary research that dialogues with psychoanalysis, sociology, critical psychology, cultural studies, gender and sexuality studies, and postcolonial studies. The Palgrave Handbook of Psychosocial Studies is the first Major Reference Work to explore the history and depth of the field and offer a critical evaluation of contemporary theories, empirical methods and practices of psychosocial studies. With 50 chapters, this state-of-the-art collection:· reflects back on texts that have influenced the development of psychosocial studies from a 2020s perspective· explores current major topics with evaluative reviews· identifies newly emerging areas ofenquiry · features a wide range of international psychosocial voices. Published chapters can be read and downloaded individually online: https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-3-030-61510-9 The Palgrave Handbook of Psychosocial Studies is unique in covering a wide range of psychosocial topics and in being written accessibly from many different perspectives. It will appeal to students, scholars and practitioner-researchers alike.

Obstinate Star is a history of Puerto Rico's independence struggle against Spanish and U.S. colonialism. From the time of the Napoleonic Wars, it traces the movement's currents, within and beyond the island, linking them to ongoing social conflicts and international trends and conjunctures. Beginning with the radical democratic fight against Spanish control, it moves on to the early reactions to U.S. rule, the role of Nationalism, Communism and New Deal currents during the Great Depression and the Second World War, the rise of new forces in the wake of the Cuban revolution and recent struggles in the epoch of capitalist globalisation.

This volume offers a comprehensive exploration of the environmental challenges and innovations shaping our world. It represents a collective effort to understand and address the pressing issues that define our era, from climate change to resource management. Through a series of expert contributions, it examines the intricate relationship between human activity and the environment, seeking pathways to a more sustainable and just future. The insights presented are crucial for anyone looking to contribute to the global pursuit of Sustainable Development Goals. This volume is an invaluable resource for policymakers, researchers, educators, students, and activists alike; offering a well-rounded perspective on the multifaceted aspects of environmental sustainability - it's both a call to collective action as well as reminder urging us all—to rethink our strategies collaboratively towards achieving healthier world and more resilient planet.

This book provides the state of the art of ethnobiology in Argentina and related Latin American countries, highlighting timely trends and topics. It synthesizes studies resulting from the III Jornadas Argentinas de Etnobiología y Sociedad (III JAES—3rd Argentinian Meeting of Ethnobiology and Society), convened in La Plata in 2021. As a relatively new academic development, ethnobiology integrates approaches from different points of view, such as biology, anthropology, geography, history, linguistics, and, in a crucial recent advance, local perspectives. Consequently, this volume contains 33 contributions from 86 authors of different countries, orientations, and disciplines—but all related to interrelationships between people/s and the natural environment. Chapters cover a diverse array of topics, ranging from biocultural relationships and their historical construction through time to conservation of biocultural and agrodiversity, ethnomycology, ethnophycology, and meliponiculture and beyond. The volume's main goal is to propitiate the preservation of biocultural diversity through the application of ethnobiological wisdom in a global context characterized by the accelerated loss of traditional knowledge. The contributions aim to transcend the nature/culture dichotomy, emphasizing the inextricable relationship between communities and their environment and the importance of acting jointly in the construction of the inhabited landscape and local identity.

This book examines the increasing body of research dedicated to the lasting differences between the former separate states of the Federal German Republic (FRG) and the German Democratic Republic (GDR). Thirty years after the fall of the Berlin Wall, it takes a broad view on German unification and transformation research.Transformation and unification processes in East and West Germany are still ongoing, and they may serve as a model for social change and its political, economic, and psychological consequences. Using advanced statistical methods of analysis, this edited volume provides insights into the valuable contextualization of individual and social phenomena that current research on German unification and transformation is producing.Following the open science mindset using code and data, the authors investigate temporal trends in (1) mental health, (2) political attitudes, and (3) work and family life. It explores changes in mental health and political attitudes, as well as continued differences in work and family arrangements, that may stem from heterogeneous experiences within the systems and during the transformation process. This book will appeal to scholars and students from the disciplines of sociology, political science, public health, social psychology, psychology, and communication science interested in postsocialist transition processes and temporal changes in individuals and societies.

This book addresses a notable gap in African sociological knowledge by leveraging extensive empirical data covering all 54 African countries and drawing on historical insights from across the continent. Offering a nuanced understanding of African society, it signifies an unprecedented endeavour committed to unravelling the intricate tapestry of African society. The analysis presented in the book goes into the dynamic evolution of sociological topics, their interconnections with African knowledge, the identification of contemporary themes, methodological diversity, and contemporary challenges and issues of indigenisation, decolonisation, and promoting an Africa-centered sociology.

Unpacks the problems and privileges of pursuing a career of passion by exploring work inside craft breweries. As workers attempt new modes of employment in the era of the Great Resignation, they face a labor landscape that is increasingly uncertain and stubbornly unequal. With Handcrafted Careers, sociologist Eli Revelle Yano Wilson dives headfirst into the everyday lives of workers in the craft beer industry to address key questions facing American workers today: about what makes a good career, who gets to have one, and how careers progress without established models. Wilson argues that what ends up contributing to divergent career paths in craft beer is a complex interplay of social connections, personal tastes, and cultural ideas, as well as exclusionary industry structures. The culture of work in craft beer is based around “bearded white guy” ideals that are gendered and racialized in ways that limit the advancement of women and people of color. A fresh perspective on niche industries, Handcrafted Careers offers sharp insights into how people navigate worlds of work that promote ideas of authenticity and passion-filled careers even amid instability.

Technologies advance and evolve in ways that outpace how we analyze and understand them academically. As scholars carefully consider the micro-, meso-, and macro-level influences of technology on the human condition, the technologies themselves are innovated and diffused rapidly. Here, provocations from established and early career scholars ponder the ways in which we can generate, challenge, and accelerate our understanding of emerging technologies. Chapters critically probe these technologies—both novel forms of existing technology or nascent and even speculative technologies—by summarizing and offering historical context to the'state of the art'regarding what we currently know, critiquing and discussing current and anticipated knowledge gaps, and provoking others to creatively advance on these gaps. This volume provides a checkpoint for the status of theorizing around emerging technologies, and divining solutions for refining our approaches to studying these technologies.