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This open access book offers a strategic perspective on AI and the process of embedding it in society. ​After decades of research, Artificial Intelligence (AI) is now entering society at large. Due to its general purpose character, AI will change society in multiple, fundamental and unpredictable ways. Therefore, the Netherlands Scientific Council for Government Policy (WRR) characterizes AI as a system technology: a rare type of technologies that have a systemic impact on society. Earlier system technologies include electricity, the combustion engine and the computer. The history of these technologies provides us with useful insights about what it takes to direct the introduction of AI in society. The WRR identifies five key tasks to structurally work on this process: demystification, contextualisation, engagement, regulation and positioning. By clarifying what AI is (demystification), creating a functional ecosystem (contextualisation), involving diverse stakeholders (engagement), developing directive frameworks (regulation) and engaging internationally (positioning), societies can meaningfully influence how AI settles. Collectively, these activities steer the process of co-development between technology and society, and each representing a different path to safeguard public values. Mission AI - The New System Technology was originally published as an advisory report for the government of the Netherlands. The strategic analysis and the outlined recommendations are, however, relevant to every government and organization that aims to take up'misson AI'and embed this newest system technology in our world.

Wie freie Rundfunksender den Strukturwandel »hörbar« machten. Zwischen 1975 und 1990 machten tausende Menschen in ganz Westeuropa mit freien Radiosendern auf ihre Kultur, ihre politischen Ansichten und ihre Interessen aufmerksam. Sie erreichten über ihre Rundfunkstationen Millionen Zuhörer. Der Strukturwandel war dabei in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland, den Niederlanden und Belgien der Stimulus hinter dieser radiophonen Entwicklung. Wie aber sahen die Klänge des Strukturwandels aus? Wie setzten sie sich in Westeuropa nach dem wirtschaftlichen Boom der 1950er und 1960er Jahre fort? Welche Auswirkungen hatten die freien Radiosender auf die Medienlandschaft? »Der Klang des Strukturwandels« gewährt spannende kulturelle, gesellschaftliche, politische und wirtschaftliche Einblicke in einen Zeitabschnitt bewegter europäischer Geschichte. Ob in Arbeiterstädten, auf dem Land, Jugendliche, öffentlich-rechtliche Rundfunksender oder dynamische Akteure der Medienindustrie – alle interessierten sich für das freie Radio!

This book represents the work of the European Research Network: Inclusive Society and the Role of Social Work, which comprises researchers from Barcelona, Spain; Koblenz, Germany; Maastricht, The Netherlands; and Zagreb, Croatia. The authors present research results and reflections from these four different European countries to provide a comprehensive introduction and discussion of the ambivalences of inclusive processes in society and social work. The development towards an inclusive society is a subject of ongoing discussion in Europe. How the subject is addressed, through an examination of political and social characteristics, differs significantly by country. Each country-specific chapter includes evidence-based reflections on inclusive society and the role of social work: In The Netherlands, there is evidence of a top-down process implementing inclusive social policy and social work principles through the self-proclaimed ‘participationsociety'. In Spain, the process to inclusion is accompanied by the third sector often replacing governmental responsibilities, namely through the bottom-up activities of non-governmental organizations in social work. In Croatia, inclusion is a state initiative in transitioning society and an academic approach to deinstitutionalising social work. In Germany, inclusion is discussed in social systems theory and the reform of school systems. In the migration discourse it was introduced as a less-loaded alternative to integration. Ambivalences of Inclusion in Society and Social Work: Research-Based Reflections in Four European Countries is a useful resource for learners, teachers, practitioners, and researchers in social work, as well as those who have an interest in social policy, social welfare, and sociology.

Burgers zijn in veel noodsituaties op zichzelf en op elkaar aangewezen. Het is belangrijk dat zij zelfredzaam zijn, want hulpdiensten zijn bijna nooit direct ter plaatse. En als ze er dan zijn is er een opstartperiode en blijkt de capaciteit vaak beperkt. Maar niet iedere burger is overal, altijd en in dezelfde mate zelfredzaam. Hoe komt dat, en kan het beter? Dit boek beantwoordt deze vragen op basis van actuele theorieën en empirisch onderzoek. De wisselwerking tussen het individu en diens sociale omgeving staat centraal, beide perspectieven blijken relevant. Het overheidsbeleid om zelfredzaamheid bij noodsituaties te stimuleren is vaak te eenzijdig gericht op het individu, waardoor kansen onbenut blijven. Dit boek pleit voor een nieuw perspectief, waarin zelfredzaamheid verschijnt als een vorm van improvisatie. Dit opent de deur voor nieuwe, energieke vormen van beleid.Eigen redder in de nood biedt actuele en vernieuwende inzichten voor wetenschappers, beleidsmakers, professionals en iedereen die geïnteresseerd is in veiligheid en burgerschap bij noodsituaties.

Eind 2019 publiceerde het SCP de eindevaluatie van de Participatiewet. Het rapport geeft een weinig verheffend beeld van de resultaten van het beleid om mensen met een kwetsbare positie op de arbeidsmarkt aan werk te helpen. De politieke en publieke kritiek naar aanleiding van het rapport was niet mals. In dit boek wordt met andere ogen naar vijf jaar Participatiewet gekeken. Dit nuanceert de negatieve teneur van de reacties op de SCP-bevindingen. Onderzoekers van verschillende instituten laten zien welke praktijken er achter de harde cijfers schuilen. Met de invoering van de Participatiewet werd een heel stelsel van regels en instanties op de schop genomen. Organisaties kregen andere rollen, uitkeringsgerechtigden andere voorzieningen en prikkels en professionals andere doelen en taken.Dit boek geeft inzicht in de vraag hoe lokale overheden en hun maatschappelijke partners zijn omgegaan met deze immense veranderingen en welke eerste vruchten hun inspanningen afwerpen. Het boek is daarmee niet alleen een ‘must read'voor beleidsmakers en uitvoerders in het sociaal domein, maar ook voor iedereen die wil begrijpen waarom, hoe en onder welke voorwaarden mooie beleidsintenties daadwerkelijk omgezet worden in de aanpak van weerbarstige maatschappelijke vraagstukken.

This title was first published in 2001. Increasingly, young women throughout Europe educate themselves for a life-long labour market career. So, where does birth fit into a young woman's curriculum vitae? This book takes a welfare state comparative perspective on this issue, analyzing relevant macro policies from four countries whose political views on the combination of work and family differ, namely Germany, Britain, the Netherlands and Sweden. The effects of these macro policies on the micro economic labour market and fertility behaviour are also examined using household panel data from each country. For this purpose, all available information from the four countries has been organized into fertility and work histories on a month-to-month basis around the date of giving birth. Within the welfare state comparative framework, hypotheses on women's labour market transitions in connection with childbirth, women's share in joint family earnings around the birth of the first and the second child, the timing of having a first and subsequent child are derived from economic theory on human capital and labour supply.

This title was first published in 2003. In the 1980s, discussions on urban, regional and international development were dominated by those advocating liberalism and free markets. In the 1990s, the experiences of many countries from the previous Soviet Union and those following socialist development models in the South have led to a renewed interest in the democratic institutions that underpin economic development processes. Thus, the state has come back into focus as an'enabler', a co-ordinating agency working with a variety of other organizations in different forms of partnership aimed at urban and regional development. At the same time, increasing disparities between rich and poor have led poor urban households to organize collectively against poverty and to promote community and neighbourhood development. This title examines how both these processes take place, looking at patterns of fundamental re-aligning between state, civil society and the market in an integrated manner. It focuses on urban and regional development, because at the local and regional levels the direct interface between local government, the local and global market, and civil society organizations occurs. The question of re-alignment is considered from three main perspectives: governance and community organization issues at local level, urban areas as motors of economic development and their interface with globalization processes, and urban areas as the nodes of regional development. In each part of the book, one of these perspectives is taken. The contributions of the different authors are grouped around these complementary perspectives. Changing alignment patterns also have far-reaching implications. In the last section, the relation between research and policy around these issues is considered, based on reflections by policy makers and academics who have been influential both nationally and internationally.

This title was first published in 2000: Addresses the question of how encompassing unions deal with regional differences and competing cultural identities - in particular those of migrant workers as a specific social and cultural category. Are regional and cultural differences jeopardizing the working-class solidarity?

This title was published in 2000: This text offers a standpoint on communicative, participatory planning called'consensus planning'. The discussion takes place in the Netherlands, where consensus-based decision-making is part of the national heritage. The book explores recent Dutch infrastructure development experiences and concludes that communicative planning theory does not offer uniform relevance for the challenges that planning practitioners face. Building on these experiences, it proposes the concept of consensus planning as valuable in a complementary, normalized, and contingent way. Consensus planning, in other words, has diverse practical appearances and sometimes may not exist or be desirable.

This volume is based on papers presented on ethnic minorities and inter-ethnic relations in Hungary and The Netherlands, which were presented and discussed in three conferences and a series of meetings from 1997-1999. This work builds on comparative studies of the rise of a radical right and the mobilization of anti-immigrant feelings. It presents cross-national comparative research, due to the creedence that shifting national angles is a powerful strategic tool with which to correct national bias and to uncover submerged or overlooked aspects of specific national cases. The book brings together contributions from Hungarian and Dutch scholars in the field of ethnic minorities and inter-ethnic relations. The two countries are used as exemplary cases of distinct ethno-political patterns in Central and Western Europe. Combining complementary configurational and dimensional approaches to cross-national comparison, the diverse forms of ethnic relations in Hungary and The Netherlands are analyzed, and competing explanations of ethno-political conflict (or co-ordination) are tested in both national contexts.

First Published in 1998, this volume consists of contributors providing position of Muslim youth in a European context. Providing case studies from 5 European nations: Denmark, France, Germany, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom. The chapters in this book draw from various of anthropological and sociological theory to discuss this topic. Many contributors relating back to ethnological research on young Muslims in relation to local government, political and religious associations, schools as well as community and family.

Elke Weyer sheds light on the question why, after more than three decades of higher education reforms in some countries, it is still not clear whether the reforms have achieved their stated goals, i.e., to create autonomous universities that meet political expectations. By back-casting real-life decision-making processes, the author reconstructs how different types of actors influenced the academic governance of higher education institutions in the context of these reforms. This approach highlights how numerous changes in governance and organisation affect the relationships between actors and how they promote their interests.

Published in 1998. Social provision in all European countries has faced increasing scrutiny during the 1990s. Focusing on gendered aspects of welfare state restructuring, each contributor examines the way in which the welfare state of his or her country has been restructed over the past decade, concentrating on services for elderly people and for children. Each chapter outlines the shifts in the mixed economy of welfare and describes the degree to which there has been greater decentralization moves towards a different style of public management or the introduction of market principles. The changes in the provision of services for elderly people and children is described for the same period. Finally, women's position as paid providers of services, as unpaid carers and as recipients of services is analyzed. This book investigates the idea that the move towards'marketization'in many countries is having a disproportionately detrimental effect on women whose leverage on the market tends to be weak.

First published in 1999, this volume examines new forms of cultural diversity which result from migration and globalization. Historically, most liberal democracies have developed on the basis of national cultures – either a single one, or a dominant one, or a federation of several ones. However, political and economic developments have upset traditional patterns and have blurred established boundaries. Ongoing immigration from diverse origins has inserted new ethnic minorities into formerly homogenous populations. Democratic liberties and rights provided opportunities for old and new marginalized minorities to resist assimilation and to assert identities. The resulting pattern of multiculturalism is different from earlier ones. Often cultural boundaries are neither clearly defined nor do they simply dissolve by assimilation into a dominant group – they have become fuzzy and a constant source of real or imagined hostility and anxiety. A proliferation of mixed identities goes together with stronger claims for cultural rights and escalating hostilities between ethnic minorities and national majorities. In many countries multiculturalism is today perceived as a challenge rather than as an enrichment. The book focuses on the question how institution and policies of liberal democracies can cope with these trends.The book addresses two tasks:1) To compare different national contexts and types of ethnic groups (immigrant and indigenous, linguistic and religious minorities) and to discuss how policies of multicultural integration have to be adapted in order to cope with such differences.2) To evaluate the impact of common rends of globalization which link societies and encourage convergence between national models of multicultural integration.

Published in 1998, this is an edited volume of papers on the theme of participation and citizenship for women. It focuses particularly on the necessary conditions for full participation of women as citizens within a modern liberal democracy. For this question it takes the Netherlands as an interesting case study, because it shows the need for a close connection between social and political participation. The editors aim to draw together often separate discussions about citizenship in international literature - a political-theoretical discussion of democracy and a social-policy discussion on the welfare state. The papers address issues including the labour market, public goods, welfare laws, affirmative action programmes and future development for girls. The book also develops the interrelation of social and political participation from the perspective of citizenship. It relates information on the Dutch case study to international comparative research on democracy and welfare states, as well as to broader international discussions on gender and citizenship.

First published in 1999, this volume aims to go beyond this debate is to explore the factors which have contributed to women's exclusion from rights and full citizenship. Beginning by linking the construction of a dichotomous relationship between public and private spheres to the theory and practice of women's exclusion, it attempts to move beyond critique and open up an alternative, more positive project. More than a feminist analysis, this project is fundamental to constructing a new understanding of politics and the political process.

Like Japan, the Netherlands has an aging population. As a consequence, the affordability of old-age pensions is under pressure. The labour market is also changing, with people more often changing jobs or choosing to become self-employed. Both trends raise the question of whether the pension system in its current form still meets the needs of working people today and in the future. The Dutch Ministry of Social Affairs and Employment asked the Netherlands Institute for Social Research scp to carry out a study of the support for solidarity in the Dutch supplementary pension system. Do working people still want to build up their pension in a collective system? What social trends are relevant here? Do employees prefer solidarity or choice? And to what extent do they express a preference for collective or individual pension schemes? This report answers these questions.

The Dutch National Research Agenda is a set of national priorities that are set by scientists working in conjunction with corporations, civil society organisations, and interested citizens. The agenda consolidates the questions that scientific research will be focused on in the coming year. This book covers the current status of the Dutch National Research Agenda and considers what changes and adjustments may need to be made to the process in order to keep Dutch national research at the top of the pack.

This title was first published in 2001. This volume is a result of the action COST A9'Civitas - Transformation of European Cities and Urban Governance', launched in 1995, which looks at the emergence of the urban question. The COST framework is a European mechanism to provide scientific and technical assistance for national research programmes. The text covers the change in the importance of European cities and analyzes how each city re-formulates its policies and methods of governing in response to these changes. This text is to analyze the new forms of urban governance using three points of view, a statistical approach, an economic approach and a sociological approach. This book tackles the fragmentation and social exclusion that occurs in urban society and explores the different forms it takes throughout Europe. It also presents some strategies to combat or at least regulate this fragmentation, to ensure a united European city.

This title was first published in 2003. This subject area of this work cross-cuts conventional sub-disciplinary boundaries in the study of comparative politics. Connections between religion and and politics can be identified in all of the thematic areas covered by the articles within.

Health systems have long been considered key determinants of well-being within modern societies, a valuable resource which have faced a series of reform initiatives throughout the past decades. These reforms have been used to manage the cost of development, measure the tenability of health systems in globalizing economies and promote the increasing importance of health problems related to lifestyle and living conditions, yet they have failed to provide a true resolution to the persistent economical and logistical problems facing modern-day health systems. This rich, interdisciplinary work explores the hypothesis that many of these problems cannot be adequately addressed without structural changes to our health systems, and examines the embedded features of our health systems that underlie contemporary challenges as well as how, and under what conditions, our health systems can be made more sustainable. Combining and building upon theoretical approaches from transition and innovation studies for analysing health system deficits, Toward Sustainable Transitions in Healthcare Systems raises fundamental questions about how new research, new needs and exogenous trends are transforming current health innovation systems. Providing an original and substantial analysis of the complex structural features of the health innovation system, this book will be of interest to students and practitioners of the politics of health, social epidemiology, medical sociology and those with an interest in transition theory.

Since the time of Adam Smith, scholars have tried to understand the role moral sentiments play in modern life, an issue that became especially urgent during and after the 2008 global financial crisis. Previous explanations have ranged from the idea that modern society is built on moral values to the notion that modernization results in moral decay. The essays in this interdisciplinary volume use the example of Dutch society and a wealth of empirical data to propose a novel theory about the ambivalent relation between contemporary life and human nature. In the process, the contributors argue for the need to reject simplistic explanations and reinvent civil society.

Volume 44 of Crime and Justice is essential reading for scholars, policy makers, and practitioners who need to know about the latest advances in knowledge concerning crime, its causes, and its control. Contents include Robert D. Crutchfield on the complex interactions among race, social class, and crime; Cassia Spohn on race, crime, and punishment in America; Marianne van Ooijen and Edward Kleemans on the “Dutch model” of drug policy; Beau Kilmer, Peter Reuter, and Luca Giommoni on cross-national and comparative knowledge about drug use and control drugs; Michael Tonry on federal sentencing policy since 1984; Kathryn Monahan, Laurence Steinberg, and Alex R. Piquero on the growing influence of bioscience and developmental psychology on juvenile justice policy and practice; Cheryl Lero Jonson and Francis T. Cullen on prisoner reentry programs; James P. Lynch and Lynn A. Addington on cultural changes in tolerance of violence amd their effects on crime statistics; Brandon C. Welsh, David P. Farrington, and B. Raffan Gowar on benefit-cost analysis of crime prevention; Torbjorn Skardhamar, Jukka Savolainen, Kjersti N. Aase, and Torkild H. Lyngstad on the effects of marriage on criminality; and John MacDonald on the effects on crime rates and patterns of urban design and development.

In Nederland komen mensen met verschillende sociale en culturele achtergronden elkaar tegen op kantoor, in de tram of in de sportschool. Soms leven en werken zij daadwerkelijk samen, vaak ook lijken ze langs elkaar heen te leven. En soms leiden vooroordelen, misverstanden en angst voor het onbekende tot spanningen. Dit heeft geresulteerd in een bezinning op identiteit en een integratiedebat. Interculturele samenwerking in organisaties biedt de lezer vaardigheden en inzichten om juist voordeel te halen uit culturele diversiteit. Het boek beschrijft concrete technieken voor de (toekomstige) professional om inclusief beleid te implementeren, te werken in divers samengestelde teams en om te gaan met culturele dilemma's. Thema's als globalisering, identiteit, verhouding wij/zij, begrip van culturen en (tegengaan van) discriminatie komen diepgaand aan bod. De theorie en de technieken worden verduidelijkt met voorbeelden uit de praktijk en er zijn reflectievragen, tussenvragen en toepassingsopdrachten. Deze herziene druk bevat actuele thema's, zoals de globale arbeidsmarkt, reshoring als vervolgstap op outsourcing en het jihadisme in de westerse samenlevingen. Ook is de theorie geactualiseerd met de vijfde cultuurdimensie van Hofstede, wordt er dieper ingegaan op Pinto's onderscheid tussen F- en G-culturen en is het vraagstuk van de grenzen aan de vrije meningsuiting in een breder kader geplaatst. De website bevat antwoorden bij de opdrachten, rollenspelen en checklists.

During the last two decades, Dutch citizens have become increasingly worried about a wide variety of public safety problems. Consequently, a new policy domain regarding local public safety has emerged and established itself in the Netherlands. Public expenditure on local safety has grown enormously and traditional problems such as disturbances of local order and petty crime, were soon complemented by newer concerns including drug-related nuisance, domestic violence and organized crime. As Dutch mayors are responsible for providing order in local society, all eyes generally turn to them when a new problem arises. The national government has granted them various powers to tackle new threats to public safety. However, not all sections of Dutch society are happy with these developments, and a public debate was triggered in which the Dutch mayors were accused of behaving more like local sheriffs, and less in accordance with their traditional role of shepherds of local communities. This research combines national and local studies on the position and role of Dutch mayors in local safety governance between the years 1990 and 2010, and concludes that an ever growing trend of securitizing local issues has fostered an expansion of the mayor's formal position, as well as new actions and roles in daily public safety governance. ••• Librarians: ebook available [Subject: Dutch Studies, Public Governance, Criminology]

Da sempre i contadini sono stati una presenza così forte e costitutiva che non si è mai sentito il bisogno di investigarne e comprenderne la posizione, il ruolo o la stessa esistenza. Ma negli ultimi due secoli, nell'epoca delle trasformazioni industriali, qualcosa è cambiato: i contadini sono stati considerati una figura sociale in estinzione o da eliminare, in quanto ostacolo al cambiamento. All'alba del terzo millennio, tuttavia, il mondo contadino non solo si presenta in molte forme nuove e inaspettate, ma sembra addirittura incarnare una risposta chiave per soddisfare i fabbisogni alimentari mondiali nella direzione di uno sviluppo sostenibile dell'agricoltura e delle economie rurali. L'autore del libro, un'autorità in materia a livello internazionale, dimostra che i contadini non sono affatto in decrescita; al contrario, sia nei paesi industrializzati che in quelli in via di sviluppo, assistiamo a fenomeni complessi di ritorno a un modo contadino di fare agricoltura. Il cuore di questo nuovo modello è la ricerca dell'autonomia rispetto al potere ordinatore degli imperi agroalimentari. Un'autonomia basata sulla mobilitazione delle risorse locali all'interno di un processo produttivo che ne garantisca allo stesso tempo la riproduzione. Con una grande ricchezza di casi empirici provenienti dalle agricolture di diverse parti del mondo – e un particolare focus sul sistema delle aziende italiane, che van der Ploeg considera d'eccellenza «per l'eterogeneità, ossia per il suo strutturarsi su risorse, storia e repertori locali» –, il volume analizza e descrive il riemergere del fenomeno contadino, evidenziandone la contrapposizione alla modernizzazione «globale» che ha dato luogo agli imperi alimentari. Ne scaturisce un modello originale, capace di creare una nuova armonia tra agricoltura, società e natura.

This book highlights the relationship between the state and religion in India and Europe. It problematizes the idea of secularism and questions received ideas about secularism. It also looks at how Europe and India can learn from each other about negotiating religious space and identity in this globalised post-9/11 world.

The reception of newcomer youngsters by schools constitutes a policy issue in Europe already for decades. This book deals with how practitioners in Rotterdam and Barcelona apply existing policies for the reception of immigrant students, the dilemmas they face and the strategies they design as a response. Using a combination of discursive, organizational, and ethnographic research techniques, the author studies to what extent practices conform to policies, and to what extent they diverge from them in basic principles. This book analyzes the influence of institutional frameworks on the practices of policy implementers by comparing Netherlands and Spain -specifically Barcelona and Rotterdam-, two cases which are very different in terms of their national policies of integration, their educational systems and their programs for educational reception. Much can be learned over the reception practices of secondary schools, but above all over how policy gaps work, and the common and specific features that they present across different countries. In short, this is an indispensable reading for scholars, policymakers and practitioners alike, which offers new insights about the policy-practice gap and the role of policy practitioners in it.Download the Table of Contents and a sample chapter

Focusing mainly on the European experience including Eastern Europe, this important volume offers an advanced introduction to immigrant incorporation studies from a historical, empirical and theoretical perspective. Beyond incorporation theories, renowned scholars in the field explore incorporation in action in different fields, policy issues and normative dimensions.

Die christdemokratischen Parteien Westeuropas sahen sich zuletzt besonders stark mit gesellschaftlichem und politischem Wandel konfrontiert. Die Reaktionen dieser einst hyperstabilen christdemokratischen Parteien der bundesdeutschen CDU, der österreichischen ÖVP und des niederländischen CDA fielen dagegen umso mächtiger aus. Andreas Wagner stellt dar, dass es trotz der einst gefestigten gesellschaftlichen Verhältnisse und der ganz besonderen innerparteilichen Beharrungskräfte zu erstaunlichen Veränderungsprozessen kam, die sich immer wieder gegenüber den innerparteilichen Vetospielern behaupten mussten. Gerade in Oppositionszeiten zeigte sich jedoch über die Landesgrenzen hinweg, wie die Christdemokratien die Zeit nutzten, um als politische Großorganisationen zu lernen und sich zu verändern.

Since the beginning of the economic crisis of the 1980s considerable research has been dedicated to the study of the unemployment problem. Nevertheless, the phenomenon has not become fully understood, nor are its consequences adequately prevented. In this important new volume, On the Mysteries of Unemployment, economists and social scientists come together to offer the reader the latest insights on unemployment and policies regarding unemployment from the perspectives of both disciplines. On the Mysteries of Unemployment contains four main sections. Part One provides an introductory chapter and general overview. Part Two contains rich contributions that provide new insights from an economic science perspective, while Part Three offers a balanced view from social scientists. The final section is devoted to the examination of policy issues concerning unemployment. This volume, unique in its field, will be of interest to researchers, students, politicians and policy-makers.

'Um auf eine gerechte und multikulturelle Zukunft hoffen zu können, brauchen wir enonn viel Phantasie.'(George Lipsitz 1993)1,,Medien- und Fremdenfeindlichkeit'betrifft eines unserer zentralen gesell­ schaftlichen und politischen Probleme. Es rückt uns weiter brennend auf den Leib: In den Tagen, in denen ich dieses Vorwort schreibe (Ende März, An­ fang April 1997) melden die Nachrichten zwei tödliche Brandanschläge auf Ausländerunterkünfte in Den Haag und in Krefeld. Die deutschen Behörden sehen zur maßlosen Empörung türkischer Politiker und türkischer Medien keine Anzeichen für eine fremdenfeindliche Straftat. Inzwischen ist der Ehemann und Vater der Krefelder Opfer als dringend tatverdächtig verhaftet worden. Deutsche und vor allem türkische Medien reißen nun schlagartig das Ruder herum oder verkehren ihre Rhetorik von gestern ins pure Gegenteil. - Die Berichterstattung über die harte Abschiebung bosnischer Kriegsflücht­ linge, sogar noch die Darstellung der dagegen gerichteten Proteste trägt dazu bei, daß die Zahl der'freiwilligen'Rückkehrer spürbar ansteigt. - Im deut­ schen Fernsehen wird nicht nur den Protesten, sondern auch dem Auftritt Jean-Marie Le Pens in Straßburg und der Begeisterung seiner'disziplinier­ ten'Anhänger breiter Raum gegeben. - Die italienische Marine stößt mit ei­ nem albanischen Flüchtlingsschiff zusammen; mehr als achtzig Menschen (überwiegend Frauen und Kinder) kommen zu Tode; und gerade aufgrund der besonderen Medien-Berichterstattung könnte man nun'zynisch'fragen, ob die italienischen Behörden jetzt nicht'am Ziel'wären: Weitere Flüchtlin­ ge würden das Wagnis nicht mehr eingehen, aber die allgemeine'Hilfsbe­ reitschaft'wäre ja immerhin gewachsen.

Huisvesting is een belangrijk onderwerp. Ieder mens heeft ermee te maken en er zijn veel professionals die zich bezighouden met de woningmarkt. Werken aan wonen biedt een overzicht van de vele aspecten die spelen binnen de (volks)huisvesting. In Werken aan wonen komen de volgende vragen aan de orde: Is kopen beter dan huren? Hoe wordt de huurprijs berekend? En wat te doen bij overlast? Daarnaast komen onderwerpen aan bod zoals de geschiedenis van volkshuisvesting in Nederland, bouwen en plannen, en de sociale verhuur door woningcorporaties. Ook aan stedelijke vernieuwing en ontwikkelingen in wijken wordt uitgebreid aandacht besteed. Aan de hand van casuïstiek wordt de praktische kant van het werken aan wonen belicht.

Over the past decade, public services have come under increasing pressure to perform like private-sector organisations. This study demonstrates that professionals have much leeway in coping with changes caused by IT developments, distributed knowledge and more demanding public which have all created new pressures on public services. The authors conclude that rather than demanding more autonomy and space, public service professionals need renewed and workable professional standards.

Recent years have witnessed a substantial change in both the organisation and substance of environmental policy, both national and international. Western societies have seen a change in the relationships between the state, the market, and civil society, leading to new conceptions of governance, a process here called political modernisation that gives rise to the institutionalisation of new policy arrangements. An environmental policy arrangement refers to the organisation and substance of a policy domain in terms of policy coalitions, policy discourses, rules of the game, and resources. The book uses these theoretical notions to analyze changes in organisation, substance and governance in several environmental policy domains, such as infrastructure policies, global policies on climate change and biodiversity, green planning, and agriculture policy. Changing relationships between the state, the market and civil society, caused by processes of globalization, privatisation and individualisation, have resulted in a plurality of policy arrangements in different domains. Despite the fact that environmental politics has been substantially renewed, there is a delicate balance between traditional and new policy arrangements. One of the main themes of the book is the explanation of this balance.

Jugendforschung ist ein expandierendes Forschungsfeld mit einem stark anwachsendem Markt an Artikeln und Büchern, das auch ein großes Interesse der Öffentlichkeit erfährt. Das Jahrbuch Jugendforschung stellt jenseits vereinzelter Sektionen und Fachgruppen der unterschiedlichen Wissenschaftsdisziplinen ein Forum zur Verfügung, innerhalb dessen Aktuellles im Bereich der Jugendforschung systematisch aufgegriffen wird. Zwei Themen stehen im Mittelpunkt der neuesten Ausgabe 3/2003: Forschungen zur Kommunikationskultur männlicher Jugendgruppen und Forschungen zur Schülerkultur. Mit den Forschungen zur Schülerkultur greift das Jahrbuch Jugendforschung u.a. die aktuelle Diskussion um PISA auf. Weitere Beiträge beschäftigen sich- unter den Rubriken Trends und internationale Länderberichte- u.a. mit Gangforschung in den USA, der Situation von Jugendlichen in der Dritten Welt und der Jugendforschung in den Niederlanden. Ergänzt werden die Beiträge durch einen kurzen Überblick über neu erschienene Bücher zur Jugendforschung und Berichte über aktuelle Forschungsprojekte.

This qualitative study explores the meaning of working-class origin in the life and career of university graduates. Social transition from a working-class background to a middle-class milieu results in loyalty conflicts and communication barriers. The lack of social and cultural capital and the absent sense of an assertive self-presentation are pivotal barriers to gaining management functions. Positions in certain key sectors are not necessarily allocated according to professional capacity, but to obscure social connections, regulated by cultural codes and tests. Matthys approaches social mobility as a trajectory of identity construction in which different classes are integrated, and uses the notion of identity capital to interpret and discuss the meaning of the individual drive in social mobility.

It has taken a long time to make this book. Many initial drafts of the chapters published in this book were presented in November 2000 during a two-day conference on Interactive governance: towards a post-parliamentary democracy held in Enschede (The Netherlands). The Netherlands Institute of Governance (NIG) sponsored the. conference. After this conference the organisers discussed the possibility of making a book on the basis of papers presented at this event. In the end it was agreed that such a publication would indeed be worthwhile provided the initial papers were fundamentally revised. Moreover it was agreed that also supplementary chapters should be included, in order to strengthen the international comparative perspective. On this basis authors of the conference papers chapters and envisioned new chapters were invited to (re)submit drafts. The completion of the book, however, was unexpectedly halted by the tragic sudden death of our co-editor and dear friend Oscar van Heffen. In his lifetime he was the driving force behind this project. Without his efforts, insightful comments and helpful suggestions this book, in its present form, would never have been published. As such we dedicate this volume to his memory, the completion of the book being an honorary debt to our friend and his wife Mirjan.

In many European countries tensions have arisen between the demands of the labor market and the caregiving responsibilities workers must fulfill at home. Examining these tensions, Work and Care under Pressure focuses on two groups of people who must juggle work and caregiving: parents of young children who work nonstandard hours and working adults who care for older parents. Based on empirical evidence from six European countries, this volume sheds light on the social effects of national policies and the choices made by caregivers. It is an essential resource for researchers, scholars, and policy makers interested in social policy.

Des années 1970 à nos jours, l'auteur entreprend une analyse comparative abondamment documentée de neuf offices de « Technology Assessment (TA) parlementaire ». Ces institutions se chargent d'anticiper et d'évaluer quels pourraient être les effets de la science et la technologie (S&T) sur la société et leur traduction dans les processus décisionnels. Ce livre démontre l'importance pour les élites politiques de se doter d'outils spécifiques pour gérer l'incertitude et penser la S&T en société.

Der Band umfasst systematische Analysen der Verbändelandschaften und der Interessengruppen in 27 europäischen Ländern sowie der Europäischen Union. Die einzelnen Beiträge untersuchen die historische Entwicklung, die rechtlichen Grundlagen, die Strukturen des jeweiligen nationalen Interessenvermittlungssystems sowie die Beziehungen der Verbände zu den wichtigsten politischen Institutionen. Das Werk vermittelt Grundinformationen über die nationalen Systeme funktionaler Interessenvermittlung, deren Bedeutung, Strukturen und Entwicklungen und liefert somit Material für zwischenstaatliche Vergleiche.

Often the switch to telecare—technology used to help caretakers provide treatment to their patients off-site—is portrayed as either a nightmare scenario or a much needed panacea for all our healthcare woes. This widely researched study probes what happens when technologies are used to provide healthcare at a distance. Drawing on ethnographic studies of both patients and nurses involved in telecare, Jeannette Pols demonstrates that instead of resulting in less intensive care for patients, there is instead a staggering rise in the frequency of contact between nursing staff and their patients. Care at a Distance takes the theoretical framework of telecare and provides hard data about these innovative care practices, while producing an accurate portrayal of the pros and cons of telecare.

This book offers an interdisciplinary and in-depth analysis of the relationship between intercultural dialogue and multi-level governance, seen from a human rights-based perspective. It brings together papers that were originally presented at international workshops organised by the Jean Monnet Centre of Excellence of the University of Padua in 2010-2011 with some additional contributions. The authors deal with a broad and diversified framework of concepts, policy approaches and linkages between multi-level governance and intercultural dialogue, particularly in the fields of education and civil society participation. The volume follows a multi-disciplinary approach and presents these readings and reflections for an audience of scholars, as well as individuals and organisations interested in issues around human rights, governance, education and civil society. Its innovative approach addresses the complex issues of today's societies, which are in need of sustainable, coherent and responsible answers at both the conceptual and the policy level. In short, the book proposes a reading of interconnecting trajectories from governance building, education and civil society to intercultural dialogue in Europe. It is grounded in a human rights perspective and responds to the need for a policy-oriented but value-driven European future.

This volume examines the persistence of poverty - both rural and urban - in developing countries, and the response of local governments to the problem, exploring the roles of governments, NGOs, and CSOs in national and sub-national agenda-setting, policy-making, and poverty-reduction strategies. It brings together a rich variety of in-depth country and international studies, based on a combination of original data-collection and extensive research experience in developing countries. Taking a bottom-up and multi-dimensional perspective of poverty and well-being as the starting point, the authors develop a convincing set of arguments for putting the priorities of poor people first on any development agenda, thus carving out an undisputable role for local governance in interplay with higher-up governance actors and institutions.