Search

In 1958 the Canadian Political Science Association established a committee to look into ways and means of improving statistical research in the Social Sciences in Canada. One of the ways in which the committee thought this could be done was by establishing an annual forum where papers could be presented and discussed. The papers given at the first in 1960 have already appeared, and the second volume contains six of the ten papers given at Sir George Williams University, Montreal, in 1961. The papers are diverse alike in subject and statistical method, but most are concerned with recent population and labour movements. The papers are:'Regional Aspects of Labour Mobility in Canada, 1956-1959'by H.F. Greenway and G.W. Wheatley;'The Flow of Migration among the Provinces of Canada, 1951-1961'by Yoshiko Kasashara;'La Détermination des zones agricoles sous-marginates'by Gérald Fortin;'Some Calculations Relating to Trends and Fluctuations in the Post-War Canadian Labour Market'by Frank T. Denton;'Inter-Industry Estimates of Canadian Imports, 1949-1958'by T.I. Matuszewski, Paul R. Pitts, and John A. Swayer; and'Population Migration in the Atlantic Provinces'by Kari Levitt.

The Italian spoken in most of Tuscany is characterized by a number of peculiar pronunciations which for over half a century Romance scholars have explained by a theory of linguistic substratum influence. This theory postulates that present-day Tuscan pronunciation is a survival of the'foreign accent'with which the ancient Etruscans must have spoken Latin when Rome first began to extend its power and language over the rest of Italy. Professor Izzo has undertaken a new and thorough investigation of modern Tuscan pronunciation, disproving this hypothesis and providing a definitive conclusion to the debate. He delineates clearly the errors in reasoning of those who trace the Tuscan pronunciation to an Etruscan influence, and presents his conclusions objectively. This study will interest Romance linguists, especially historians of the Italian language; but it will also interest historical linguists in general, for by disproving one of the most plausible and best-documented cases of alleged substratum influence, it casts doubt on many other cases where such influence has been claimed with little evidence.

It has long been believed that children who must spend much of their lives in institutions inevitably develop personality deficiencies that make them liabilities to society. This book represents the first portion of a longitudinal study of the children of the Neil McNeil Home from infancy into adulthood. The study was begun in 1957 with a twofold purpose: first, to provide a therapeutic environment for children who had already suffered mental and emotional damage from an institutional milieu; and second, to devise methods of institutional care that would conduce to the normal development of children deprived of the usual supports of family relationships. The case histories presented here are interesting documents in themselves, but the book is more than a study of individual cases. It presents a detailed description of the process of creating in a child-care institution something of the atmosphere of a normal home. The conclusions reached depart in significant ways from former studies of institutionalized children, and will be of great importance and usefulness both to those who work professionally with children and to those concerned with the social future of children raised outside the family unit. The book was sponsored by the Institute of Child Study, University of Toronto.

This volume, the fifth of the Ontario Series of the Champlain Society, tells the history of the town of York (Toronto) from the arrival of John Graves Simcoe in 1793 through the war of 1812 until news of the peace reached the town in the spring of 1815. The selection of contemporary documents attempts to show why York was chosen for a settlement in the first place, the kind of community that developed, and the effect of the War on that community. Apart from the normal problems connected with the establishment of any settlement, the officials of the town of York were faced with the necessity of creating a worthy capital city for Upper Canada at a time when Kingston because of its pre-eminence as the military and naval centre of the province and its commercial prosperity overshadowed all other settlements. The book also illustrates the gradual integration into a corporate body of many diverse elements—senior government officials, discharged soldiers, tradesmen, labourers—so that by 1815 the characteristics of modern Toronto were beginning to be evident in York. This collection of documents and the editor's Introduction will provide the student of local history with a good deal of primary material and the general reader with an interesting account of the early years of the modern metropolis of Toronto. Vol. V, Ontario Series, Champlain Society.

This is essentially a book about theory building. Instead of actually presenting theory, it suggests and illustrates a particular way in which the social work profession, or any of the other service professions, might pursue the task of developing theory to refine its mode of practice. While written for every professional, it is directed, in particular, to those most actively engaged in the development and refinement of theory for their profession. It is a personal document in the sense that it is a chronicle of the author's reflections about how a profession might pursue most profitably this aspect of its total function.

In 1949 the bamboo curtain clattered down over one-fifth of the people of the world. In one sudden twist of history, a vast community that had been militarily and politically allied with the West was transmuted into the ideological foe of everything the free world stands for. With the surprise intervention by Red China in Korea, a new alignment of world powers was confirmed and the bamboo curtain had been fastened down securely. If the people of China were inadequately known in the years before the Red Revolution, all free intercourse between East and West was now interrupted completely. Chinese life could be described only by released westerners who had viewed it through prison bars, or it had to be interpreted from the incredibly distorted releases of the communist propaganda bureaus. Suddenly, in 1956, China offered to open its doors to western reporters wishing to come and see what was really happening in their country. In the spring of 1957, William Kinmond, Staff Reporter for the Toronto Globe and Mail, entered Red China with assurances that he might travel where he wished and report what he liked—or disliked. This is his report on China at this moment in history.

The physical segregation of social groups in industrial cities has long attracted the attention of social scientist and casual observer alike. In Australia the possibility of mapping the social ecology of large cities has been limited by the absence of sufficiently detailed census of information, a gap remedied in 1961 by the provision of a new range of small area data. Here the author exploits the existence of the new information to present the first intensive social anatomy of any Australian metropolis. Statistics on the residential concentration and segregation of seventy socioeconomic, demographic, ethnic, and religious categories are examined, and the vast complexity and range of these data are reduced by sophisticated techniques of statistical analysis to three theoretically meaningful constructs—social rank, familism, and ethnicity. These constructs are used to develop a typology of social areas which serves as the basis for developing an understanding of and further hypotheses about, urban social structure. Not only does this analysis present a self-contained study of Australia's second largest metropolis, but detailed maps and statistical appendixes provide a benchmark for future social investigations into the urban scene—on subjects such as political preference, immigrant adjustment, poverty, crime, delinquency, and urban planning.

The Public Archives of Canada mirrors Canada's past, it is a collective national memory, the base of the country's cultural heritage. This volume provides a unique guide to the unusually wide range of items held in the Archives: documents old and new, sketches and diaries, films, recordings, photographs, private letters and government files, maps, plans, treaties, books and paintings -- the stuff of history. The 306 items included in this volume were drawn together as an exhibition to celebrate the centennial of the founding of the Archives. They are organized around thirty-seven themes: each item is fully described and an explanatory note is added where necessary. The 134 photographs, most of them full-page, bring vividly to life the political and cultural heritage of Canada. For all Canadians, and especially for students of Canadian history, this is a valuable source book -- to dip into at lesiure, or as a guide to research resources.

This detailed study of the use of water at different price levels by residential consumers in the Toronto-centred region from Hamilton to Oshawa challenges the basis of our present urban water supply policy. Adoption of the recommendations presented would mean higher prices to householders, but a considerable saving of hundreds of millions of tax dollars over the next three decades. The present policy uses a'requirement approach'in which future water needs are calculated by extrapolation of past trends and an assumption that demand is inelastic. This leads to excessive levels of water use and over-investment in water supply, sewage collection, and treatment systems. The resultant misallocation of resources can be corrected by adoption of a demand/management approach in which investment policy is guided by consumer demand and alternative pricing arrangements are used as a management tool. Dr. Grima examines several alternative choices for management, such as metering, increasing marginal prices, sewerage charges, seasonal charges, and an increasing price block schedule, and describes the results of each. Water managers in Canada are strongly challenged to begin a fundamental rethinking of their basic policies. (Department of Geography Research Publication 7)

Ontario is the most populous and most prosperous province in Canada. One-third of the nation's population lives here. They produce more than one-half of Canada's manufactured goods, one-quarter of her output from mines and forests, and one-third of the farm income. Accompanying this economic pre-eminence is a majestic primeval geography. Ontario extends through sixteen degrees of latitude and a distance of over 1600 kilometres from barren tundra along a saltwater shoreline in the north to fertile lowlands bordering freshwater lakes in the south. Productivity and size, two of the basic elements in the geography of the province, stand in contradiction to one another. The former is concentrated in a very small area with an identity and even a name of its own,'Southern Ontario,'a portion of the province that is as overwhelming in its concentration of activity as the remainder is in its areal extent. The recognition of this distinction is a prerequisite to the further study of a subject which has been widely neglected, both in Ontario and in the rest of Canada. Writers and artists, historians and geographers have paid little attention to the province. It is a baffling region, one which'has achieved a significant place in the Canadian sun, but no one quite knows what the place is, even though other areas would like to achieve the same position'(Warkentin 1966). The purpose of this short volume is to contribute to an understanding of Ontario, to point out something of what it is both to those who are already acquainted with the province and to those who are being introduced to it for the first time.

The debates over objectivity in the social sciences have a long history; there have been contributions by philosophers and social theorists from a variety of viewpoints, including empiricism, phenomenology, pragmatism, and Marxism. Objectivity in Social Science combats the widespread opinion that objective inquiry is impossible in the social sciences by drawing together and exhibiting the weaknesses of arguments, taken from positions in the philosophies of science, social science, language, and perception, in favour of anti-objectivism, arguments which have recurred in one form or another throughout the course of these debates. As the author puts it,'What I have attempted to offer is at the least a convenient map for finding one's way about in the tangle of issues surrounding the question of objectivity in social science and at the most a set of arguments sufficient to convince the perplexed, and presently wrong-headed, of the (objective) falsity of social-scientific anti-objectivism.'In the course of the book arguments advanced by such influential figures as Thomas Kuhn, Benjamin Lee Whorf, Karl Mannheim, N.R. Hanson, Peter Winch, Michael Polanyi, P.K. Feyerabend, and Jürgen Habermas, among others, are critically examined, as are attempts of pragmatists, phenomenologists, and others to construct alternatives to the objectivist interpretation of conflict and progress in the development of social-scientific knowledge.

In June 1967 the Canadian National Commission for Unesco and the Université de Moncton jointly sponsored an international seminar on bilingualism. Although 1967 was Canada's centennial year, the seminar was concerned only incidentally with bilingualism in Canada. Instead, bilingualism was considered as the essential element in communication between language irrespective of national boundaries. Participants included linguists, psychologists, and sociologists. The report shows that the interdisciplinary discussions carried on at Moncton were fruitful; that significant questions about bilingualism were raised and an improvement in communication between specialists from different traditions, languages, and cultures were effected. This volumes makes a valuable contribution toward establishing a general theory of bilingualism.

This book looks at two important aspects in Canadian society: its class structure and the composition of its elites or power holding groups. A recurring theme in the analysis of both class and elite groups is that Canada has found itself in the middle of the twentieth century with inadequate institutional arrangements for the industrial society it has become. Its educational systems have failed to provide the necessary skills which in large measure have been recruited through immigration. Its elites have been drawn largely from middle and upper class'British charter groups.'The author further submits that the strong emphasis in the Canadian value system on regionalism and ethnic differentiation has resulted in the fragmentation of the society, particularly at the political level, and lef tit incapable of dealing with some of its major problems as an industrial society.Although this is a sociological study in which evidence in related to social theory, the author has tried to avoid technical terms, and this, together with the particular relevance at the present time of a discussion of the nature of Canadian society, will make this book interesting tolaymen as well as specialists.