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Ions are atoms or molecules stripped of their electrons, so they can be accelerated by electric fields. They can be made to hit each other with low energy, intermediate energy, high energy, or very high energy; each energy range seeks to investigate different aspects of hadronic physics. Intermediate-energy heavy ion collisions explore the nuclei far from stability valley, the incompressibility of nuclear matter, the liquid-gas phase transition in nuclear environment, the symmetry energy far from the normal density, and other phenomena. This has been an active field of research for last four decades.This is a book for entrants in the field. It is suitable as a companion book in a graduate course. For practitioners in the field it will be useful as a reference.

A timely presentation of new results, challenges, and opportunities in the quickly developing field of nuclear cluster physics, presented by an international group of eminent theoretical and experimental scientists active in the field. Their work reveals how correlations of nucleons can appear spontaneously, propagate, and survive in nuclear matter at both low and high densities. Characteristic nuclear substructures, beyond those predicted by mean-field or collective scenarios, appear on microscopic and cosmic length scales. They can influence the dynamics of fusion of light nuclei and the decay of heavy, fissioning nuclei or of systems produced transiently in heavy-ion reactions. A must-read for young scientists entering the field and a valuable resource for more seasoned nuclear researchers!

The 6th Advanced Course in Theoretical Physics was held at the University of Cape Town, January 8-19, 1990. The topic of the course was'Phase Structure of Strongly Interacting Matter'. There were ten invited speakers from overseas, each having up to six hours in which to present his field of research to a relatively small audience of about 50 participants. This allowed for the presentation of a broad, coherent and pedagogical review of the present status of the field. In addition there were several one-hour presentations by local participants. The main emphasis of the course was on the study of the properties of high­ density hot nuclear matter. This field is of particular interest because of the belief that a deconfined quark-gluon plasma could be created in such an environment when the temperature reaches about 200MeV. In the nuclear regime a so-called'liquid-to-gas'phase transition is expected at a temperature of approximately 10- 20MeV. Both of these topics received ample attention at the school. Owing the nature of the field, there exists much overlapping interest from both the nuclear physics and high-energy particle physics communities. It is hoped that these proceedings will contribute to building a bridge between the two groups.

The physics of nuclear collective motion was pioneered by A Bohr and B R Mottelson 50 years ago. Since then, experimental and theoretical development in this field has been remarkable under the leadership of the Copenhagen group. In the 21st century, a new era has opened up due to the recent developments of experimental facilities, especially radioactive ion beams and large γ-ray arrays. Interest in collective motions is now shared in the research of other quantum many-body systems — for example, microclusters and Bose-Einstein condensation. It is therefore timely and important to review the current understanding of collective motions and discuss new directions of future study.The main topics of the symposium include recent theoretical and experimental progress in the understanding of vibrational and rotational motions in nuclei. Collective motions of Bose-Einstein condensation and microclusters are also addressed. The symposium invited several keynote speakers to review and discuss our present understanding and to identify future challenges. Oral presentations are also selected from submitted contributions. This symposium is an opportunity not just to present progress and future prospects but to exchange new ideas and to provoke controversies through intellectual debates.The proceedings have been selected for coverage in:• Index to Scientific & Technical Proceedings (ISTP CDROM version / ISI Proceedings)

CRIS (Catania Relativistic Ion Studies) is a recently established series of topical conferences held every two years in the Catania area, in Italy. The aim of these conferences is to discuss specific hot topics in heavy ion physics.The second CRIS Conference was devoted to the interferometric techniques for measuring the size of nuclear sources as well as astrophysical objects. The thrust of its program was somewhat cross-disciplinary. A historical review of early astronomical measurements, and some current applications in astrophysics were included, although the bulk of the program was concerned with the use of HBT in inferring nuclear source sizes and lifetimes.

This book represents the proceedings of a symposium held during the centennial meeting of the American Physical Society. It covers the latest results in experimental heavy ion physics from the Alternating Gradient Accelerator in the US and the SpS at CERN, and summarizes the current theoretical and experimental state of the field before the commissioning of RHIC. Among the highlights are the theoretical predictions made for what the experimentalists will see in the high temperature matter expected to be formed at the new machine.

This conference brought together the people working on 4π detectors to discuss what had been achieved, whether the results agreed, and to think about possible collaborations to measure the excitation function of several observables. It discussed the similarities and differences in the results obtained at low (100 MeV-1 GeV) and high (10 GeV-200 GeV) energies and outlined what the different fields could learn from each other, especially concerning correlations and particle production. It surveyed the success and also the insufficiency of the present theoretical approaches and discussed the direction in which they have to improve. Finally it gave an account of new developments in data analysis (wavelets, neural networks etc.).

When the People's Republic of China (PRC) was granted Most Favored Nation (MFN) status by the United States in 1979, no one imagined the massive transformation the Chinese economy would make within a few decades. China's remarkable transition from merely being a “world factory”, to the source of the world's new R&D and product design and innovation since the 1980s is the key focus of Spillover Effects of China Going Global. In this insightful and unique book, Joseph Pelzman shows how the second largest world economy triggered off many spillover effects beyond mass-labour production of durable and non-durable goods — such as the provision of foreign aid to African, Latin American and Asian economies, and increasing focus on internal endogenous innovation, research and development. He provides a comprehensive look at these spillover effects and analyzes how they will undoubtedly bring positive opportunities for others within the rest of the world in the 21st Century.

The volume of proceedings of the Xth International Seminar on High Energy Physics, Relativistic Nuclear Physics and Quantum Chromodynamics brings together reports from the major experimental collaborations at JINR, Fermilab, Brookhaven, SATURNE, Orsay, GSI Darmstadt, Riken Cyclotron Lab. KEK, SLAC, Novosibirsk, MIT Bates, IHEP USSR and summaries of the major theoretical and experimental advances made in relativistic and nuclear physics over the last two years. The focus of the volume is upon relativistic nuclear physics, but the coverage of topics is sufficiently comprehensive to include many important results of cumulative reactions, polarization phenomena in nuclear physics, non nucleon degrees of freedom in nuclei.

CRIS (Catania Relativistic Ion Studies) is a new series of Topical Conferences to be held at regular intervals in Catania or in its environs. Aim of the CRIS Conferences is to gather active researchers from several countries to discuss specific hot topics in the field of heavy ion physics.The first CRIS Conference, CRIS'96, has been devoted to “Critical Phenomena and Collective Observables”, a quite hot topic after the recent experimental evidences of a liquid-gas phase transition in finite nuclei found by the EOS and ALADiN Collaborations and the progress made in the understanding of the relevance of collective observables, like flow and balance energy for the study of the Nuclear Equation of State.

Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics, Volume 26 covers the significant advances in understanding the fundamentals of particle and nuclear physics. This volume is divided into four chapters, and begins with a brief overview of the various possible ideas beyond the standard model, the problem they address and their experimental tests. The next chapter deals with the basic physics of neutrino mass based on from a gauge theoretic point of view. This chapter considers the various extensions of the standard electroweak theory, along with their implications for neutrino physics. The discussion then shifts to the principles of slow neutrons and their fundamental interactions, as well as some slow neutron experiments. The final chapter surveys the role of strangeness in the context of dense hadronic matter, including strangeness as a probe of the dynamics of relativistic heavy ion collisions and its importance in astrophysics. This book will prove useful to physicists and allied scientists.

The field of nuclear dynamics has evolved tremendously over the course of the 15 years of this workshop series. The workshop presently spans a very broad range of research interests. These include the development of concepts that will form the foundation of research for the quark-gluon plasma as well as current studies of very hot and dense baryonic matter through the measurement of pions, strange particles, dileptons, baryons and antimatter. The investigation of the decay of extremely hot nuclear systems blossomed with the dramatic observation of multifragmentation of heavy systems and detailed studies of the temporal and spatial extent of the system emitting fragments at a wide range of excitation energies. This also includes a continuing search for the liquid-gas phase transition in nuclear matter. An entirely new field of inquiry has begun with the advent of reaction studies with radioactive beams.This international workshop, attended by theorists and experimentalists from 20 institutions and 6 countries, continues to provide the opportunity for cross-fertilization between researchers involved in the broad range of research in nuclear dynamics as well as stimulating the interaction between experimentalists and theorists. The present status of research in the vigorous field of nuclear dynamics is reviewed.

This book covers major themes in the spectroscopy of baryons, some light mesons, and involves some limited discussion of baryons in nuclei. A comprehensive review of theoretical models is included. All currently operating accelerator facilities and future facilities of the 1990s are reviewed, with experimental programs discussed in detail.

This volume provides a survey of recent experimental and theoretical developments in the rapidly expanding field of heavy ion physics. Prominent experts describe the recent advances from the dynamics of dissipative processes around the Coulomb barrier at the low end of the energy scale all the way up to the physics of the quark-gluon plasma.

These proceedings address the new emerging questions in nuclear dynamics such as fluctuations, nuclear multifragmentation, transport theories and particle production in heavy-ion reactions. Parts of the proceedings are also devoted to the physics of metallic and atomic clusters where, quite often, nuclear concepts and techniques are applied.

This workshop was established as a forum for experts from different subfields in nuclear dynamics to investigate unifying concepts of nuclear reactions in different beam energy regimes. The proceedings contain an overview of recent experimental and theoretical progress in nuclear dynamics from ultra-subbarrier fusion studies to the physics of the quark-gluon plasma at AGS, CERN, and RHIC energies.