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This practical and unique textbook explains the core areas of molecular spectroscopy as a classical teacher would, from the perspective of both theory and experimental practice. Comprehensive in scope, the author carefully explores and explains each concept, walking side by side with the student through carefully constructed text, pedagogy, and derivations to ensure comprehension of the basics before approaching higher level topics. The author incorporates both electric resonance and magnetic resonance in the textbook.

This second edition provides a cutting-edge overview of physical, technical and scientific aspects related to the widely used analytical method of confocal Raman microscopy. The book includes expanded background information and adds insights into how confocal Raman microscopy, especially 3D Raman imaging, can be integrated with other methods to produce a variety of correlative microscopy combinations. The benefits are then demonstrated and supported by numerous examples from the fields of materials science, 2D materials, the life sciences, pharmaceutical research and development, as well as the geosciences.

This thesis presents the theory of three key elements of optical spectroscopy of the electronic excitations in bilayer graphene: angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES), visible range Raman spectroscopy, and far-infrared (FIR) magneto-spectroscopy. Bilayer graphene (BLG) is an atomic two-dimensional crystal consisting of two honeycomb monolayers of carbon, arranged according to Bernal stacking. The unperturbed BLG has a unique band structure, which features chiral states of electrons with a characteristic Berry phase of 2$\pi$, and it has versatile properties which can be controlled by an externally applied transverse electric field and strain. It is shown in this work how ARPES of BLG can be used to obtain direct information about the chirality of electron states in the crystal. The author goes on to describe the influence of the interlayer asymmetry, which opens a gap in BLG, on ARPES and on FIR spectra in a strong magnetic field. Finally, he presents a comprehensive theory of inelastic Raman scattering resulting in the electron-hole excitations in bilayer graphene, at zero and quantizing magnetic fields. This predicts their polarization properties and peculiar selection rules in terms of the inter-Landau-level transitions.

are intended to fill the gap between a manufacturer's handbook, and review articles that highlight the latest scientific developments. A fourth volume will deal with techniques for specimen handling, beam artifacts, and depth profiling. It will provide a compilation of methods that have proven useful for specimen handling and treatment, and it will also address the common artifacts and problems associated with the bombardment of solid sur­ faces by photons, electrons, and ions. A description will be given of methods for depth profiling. Surface characterization measurements are being used increasingly in di­ verse areas of science and technology. We hope that this series will be useful in ensuring that these measurements can be made as efficiently and reliably as possible. Comments on the series are welcomed, as are suggestions for volumes on additional topics. C. J. Powell Gaithersburg, Maryland A. W. Czandema Golden, Colorado D. M. Hercules Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania T. E. Madey New Brunswick, New Jersey J. T. Yates, Jr.

Raman scattering is now being applied with increasing success to a wide range of practical problems at the cutting edge of materials science. The purpose of this book is to make Raman spectroscopy understandable to the non-specialist and thus to bring it into the mainstream of routine materials characterization. The book is pedagogical in approach and focuses on technologically important condensed-matter systems in which the specific use of Raman spectroscopy yields new and useful information. Included are chapters on instrumentation, bulk semiconductors and alloys, heterostructures, high-Tc superconductors, catalysts, carbon-based materials, wide-gap and super-hard materials, and polymers.

First volume of a 40-volume series on nanoscience and nanotechnology, edited by the renowned scientist Challa S.S.R. Kumar. This handbook gives a comprehensive overview about Raman spectroscopy for the characterization of nanomaterials. Modern applications and state-of-the-art techniques are covered and make this volume essential reading for research scientists in academia and industry.

Raman spectroscopy is the inelastic scattering of light by matter. Being highly sensitive to the physical and chemical properties of materials, as well as to environmental effects that change these properties, Raman spectroscopy is now evolving into one of the most important tools for nanoscience and nanotechnology. In contrast to usual microscopyrelated techniques, the advantages of using light for nanoscience relate to both experimental and fundamental aspects.

Volume is indexed by Thomson Reuters BCI (WoS).The first part of this monograph consists of a discussion of the microstructures of molten silicates and other inorganic substances. It is made up of seven chapters. Chapter 1 considers developments in ion-cluster theory. Chapter 2 introduces experimental approaches to the direct monitoring of a molten sample, such as hightemperature Raman spectroscopes which have successfully recorded Raman spectra from melts at temperatures of 2000K or more. Chapter 3 shows that five types of Si-O tetrahedron are appropriate microstructural units for setting up structural models. Chapter 4 confirms the SiOT model as being the primary ion-cluster theory for the efficient and reliable description of high-temperature Raman spectra. In Chapter 5, the CEMS model is created in order to interconnect microstructures and thermodynamic properties - with no adjustable parameters. Chapter 6 discusses the applicability of ab initio calculations. The Raman spectra of other inorganic compounds are shown in Chapter 7, and the use of Raman spectra to study phase transformations and solid/melt interfaces is also discussed.

The carbon nanotubes field has evolved substantially since the publication of the bestseller'Carbon Nanotubes: Synthesis, Structure, Properties and Applications'. The present volume builds on the generic aspects of the aforementioned book, which emphasizes the fundamentals, with the new volume emphasizing areas that have grown rapidly since the first volume, guiding future directions where research is needed and highlighting applications. The volume also includes an emphasis on areas like graphene, other carbon-like and other tube-like materials because these fields are likely to affect and influence developments in nanotubes in the next 5 years.

Almost 30 years after the first reports on surface-enhanced Raman signals, the phenomenon of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is now well established. Yet, explaining the enhancement of a spectroscopic signal by fouteen orders of magnitude continues to attract the attention of physicists and chemists alike. And, at the same time and rapidly growing, SERS is becoming a very useful spectroscopic tool with exciting applications in many fields. SERS gained particular interest after single-molecule Raman spectroscopy had been demonstrated. This bookl summarizes and discusses present theoretical approaches that explain the phenomenon of SERS and reports on new and exciting experiments and applications of the fascinating spectroscopic effect.