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This work provides comprehensive, practice-oriented coverage of ballistics. It explains the principles and calculation methods for the main four areas of ballistics, regardless of calibre, drawing on numerous facts, observations and examples from the author's decades of experience. Interior ballistics: The characteristics of explosive materials (detonating agents and propellants), methods for calculating gas pressure and the velocity of projectiles and rockets during the acceleration phase, alternative systems for accelerating projectiles and the acceleration of fragments. Intermediate ballistics: The dynamics of the moment at which the projectile leaves the muzzle and propellant gas is ejected from the barrel, effects on the person or structure supporting the weapon and approaches to resolving questions regarding shots from close range in criminology and forensic medicine. Exterior ballistics: The forces acting on a projectile and methods for calculating them, models for calculating trajectories (including the ballistic coefficient), gyroscopic projectile stabilization theory and aerodynamic optimization of projectiles. Terminal ballistics: Empirically-derived facts and data. The principles of ballistic protection design, ballistic testing problems and possible solutions and a comprehensive discussion of ricochets – a matter of considerable importance in forensics. This book is intended for ballisticians, military personnel, police officers, criminologists, shooting range specialists, sport shooters, hunters and anyone else with an interest in ballistics.

This volume of the journal Engineering Innovations collected articles that accent the reader's attention on the latest advances and results of research in the engineering design of power equipment, parts of vehicles, and a multicriteria scheduling problem in the machinery industry. The presented articles will be helpful to many mechanical engineers.

Selected peer-reviewed extended articles based on abstracts presented at the 3rd International Conference on Mechanical Engineering Research and Application (ICOMERA)Aggregated Book

Das vorliegende „Handbuch Geschosse“ ist die 2. Auflage des letzten im Verlag Stocker-Schmid, Dietikon, Schweiz, 2013 erschienenen Buches „Geschosse Gesamtausgabe“. Dieses war bereits nach kurzer Zeit vergriffen. Auf Grund vieler Anfragen nach einer Neuauflage, fand sich nun im Springer Verlag ein neuer Herausgeber. Die Untertitel - Ballistik - Treffsicherheit - Wirksamkeit - Messtechnik verdeutlichen das Ziel des Buches: Es geht nicht um eine katalogähnliche Beschreibung von Geschossen, sondern um Hintergrundwissen zu deren ballistischem Verhalten, zu den Kerngedanken ihrer Konstruktionen, zu den Einflüssen auf das Treffen, zu den Grundlagen ihrer Wirksamkeit und zu den Problemen der ballistischen Messtechnik. Der Inhalt bleibt damit allgemeingültig und betrifft alle Geschosse, alte und neue. Der Autor Dr. sc. forens. Beat P. Kneubuehl, Diplom-Mathematiker, arbeitete 33 Jahre lang als Leiter der wissenschaftlichen Stabsstelle Ballistik im Erprobungszentrum Ballistik, Waffen und Munition des Schweizer Verteidigungsministeriums. Er entwickelte nicht nur die maßgebenden ballistischen Computerprogramme, sondern war auch sehr oft in leitenden Funktionen bei Versuchen aller Kaliber auf den Schießplätzen anwesend. In verschiedenen Gremien der europäischen Normenorganisation (CEN) und der NATO widmete er sich den Problemen des ballistischen Schutzes und der Wirkung von Geschossen. Nach der Promotion zum Doktor der Forensischen Wissenschaften wurde die kriminalistische Ballistik zu einem weiteren Schwerpunkt seiner Tätigkeit. Von ihm sind im Springer-Verlag bereits die Standardwerke „Wundballistik, Grundlagen und Anwendungen“ und „Ballistik” erschienen.

This book is a compilation of peer-reviewed papers from the 2023 Asia-Pacific International Symposium on Aerospace Technology (APISAT2023). The symposium is a common endeavour among the four national aerospace societies in China, Australia, Korea and Japan, namely, Chinese Society of Aeronautics and Astronautics (CSAA), Royal Aeronautical Society Australian Division (RAeS Australian Division), Japan Society for Aeronautical and Space Sciences (JSASS) and Korean Society for Aeronautical and Space Sciences (KSAS). APISAT is an annual event initiated in 2009. It aims to provide the opportunity to Asia-Pacific nations for the researchers of universities and academic institutes, and for the industry engineers to discuss the current and future advanced topics in aeronautical and space engineering. This is the volume I of the proceedings.

Classical Mechanics, a branch of physics that addresses the motion of macroscopic objects, is founded upon fundamental principles that govern the behavior of physical bodies. Central to this are Newton's three laws of motion. The first law, or the law of inertia, posits that an object will remain in a state of rest or uniform motion unless acted upon by an external force. The second law provides a mathematical description of how the velocity of an object changes when it is subjected to an external force, and is often expressed as F=ma, where F is the total force, m is the object's mass, and a is its acceleration. The third law, the principle of action and reaction, asserts that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. These laws have been instrumental in the development of various disciplines such as engineering and astronomy and remain applicable to most physical systems, except when dealing with phenomena at extremely small scales or relativistic speeds. The'Fundamentals of Motion: Introduction to Classical Mechanics'is an essential textbook that provides a thorough examination of the principles underlying the motion of macroscopic objects. Designed for students, educators, and professionals in physics and engineering, this book delves into the core concepts of Classical Mechanics, including Newton's laws of motion, conservation of momentum and energy, dynamics, kinematics, and rotational motion. It offers a systematic approach to understanding fundamental theories and mathematical formulations, coupled with illustrative examples and practical exercises. This textbook also incorporates discussions on the historical development and philosophical aspects of Classical Mechanics, the limitations of the classical view in the face of relativistic and quantum phenomena, and emerging connections to other areas of physics. With its methodical exposition and clear insights,'Fundamentals of Motion: Introduction to Classical Mechanics'serves as an indispensable guide for those seeking to understand the intricate workings of physical laws that govern our world, equipping readers with the knowledge and tools to explore the underlying nature of motion and mechanics.

This book is a compilation of peer-reviewed papers from the 2023 Asia-Pacific International Symposium on Aerospace Technology (APISAT2023). The symposium is a common endeavour among the four national aerospace societies in China, Australia, Korea and Japan, namely, Chinese Society of Aeronautics and Astronautics (CSAA), Royal Aeronautical Society Australian Division (RAeS Australian Division), Japan Society for Aeronautical and Space Sciences (JSASS) and Korean Society for Aeronautical and Space Sciences (KSAS). APISAT is an annual event initiated in 2009. It aims to provide the opportunity to Asia-Pacific nations for the researchers of universities and academic institutes, and for the industry engineers to discuss the current and future advanced topics in aeronautical and space engineering. This is the volume II of the proceedings.

Classical mechanics is the basis for any university-level study of technical-scientific disciplines. But most existing manuals use a technological and engineering approach, with basic aspects sometimes insufficiently highlighted. This book introduces the concepts and applications of classical mechanics into Newtonian formalism. Newtonian dynamics is useful for solving applied physics and engineering problems, but also a fascinating theory anchored in questions posed since the times of the Greek philosophers, regarding space, the flow of time, measurable physical quantities, the physical principles with the mathematical structure needed to describe the Universe, etc. The author aims to encourage students to think about these fundamental aspects and how they will be addressed in modern physics, including the successes and limitations of Newton's mechanics. The book is designed to mirror the progress of the students using it, with earlier chapters assuming nomore than basic high school instruction and later ones geared toward subsequent enhanced understanding. The book is designed for students of undergraduate programs in physics, mathematics, chemistry, and engineering who will deal with modern physics, as they will benefit from an approach in which the aspects of classical mechanics are introduced in a propaedeutic approach towards relativistic physics and quantum mechanics.

Selected peer-reviewed extended articles based on abstracts presented at the International Conference on Material Engineering Research (ICMER'22)Aggregated Book

Special topic volume with invited peer-reviewed papers only

Updated throughout for the new edition, Armour: Materials, Theory, and Design covers extant and emergent protection technologies driving advances in armour systems. Covering materials, theory and design, the book has applications in vehicle, ship, personnel and building use.Introducing a wide range of armour technologies, the book is a key guide to the technology used to protect against both blasts and ballistic attacks. Chapters cover bullets, blasts, jets and fragments, as well as penetration mechanics. The new edition builds on the previous one, discussing ceramics and metallic materials as well as woven fabrics and composite laminates. Detailing modern technology advancements, the second edition has also been expanded to include improved explanations on shock mechanisms and includes significantly more figures and diagrams.An essential guide to armour technology, this book outlines key ways to implement protective strategies applicable for many types of conflict.

This book is the standard text book for elastoplasticity/viscoplasticity which is explained comprehensively covering the rate-independent to -dependent finite deformations of metals, soils, polymers, crystal plasticity, etc. and the friction phenomenon. Concise explanations on vector-tensor analysis and continuum mechanics are provided first, covering the underlying physical concepts, e.g. various time-derivatives, pull-back and push-forward operations, work-conjugacy and multiplicative decomposition of deformation gradient tensor. Then, the rigorous elastoplastic/viscoplastic model, called the subloading surface model, is explained comprehensively, which is based on the subloading surface concept to describe the continuous development of the plastic/viscoplastic strain rate as the stress approaches to the yield surface, while it can never be described by the other plasticity models, e.g. the Chaboche-Ohno and the Dafalias-Yoshida models assuming the purely-elastic domain. The main features of the subloading surface model are as follows: 1) The subloading surface concept underling the cyclic plasticity is introduced, which insists that the plastic deformation develops as the stress approaches the yield surface. Thus, the smooth elastic-plastic transition leading to the continuous variation of the tangent stiffness modulus is described always.2) The subloading-overstress model is formulated by which the elastoplastic deformation during the quasi-static loading and the viscoplastic deformation during the dynamic and impact loading can be described by the unified equation. Then, only this model can be used to describe the deformation in the general rate of deformation, disusing the elastoplastic constitutive equation.3) The hyperelastic-based (visco)plasticity based on the multiplicative decomposition of deformation gradienttensor and the subloading surface model is formulated for the exact descriptions of the finite elastic and (visco)plastic deformations.4) The subloading-friction model is formulated for the exact description of the dry and the fluid (lubricated) frictions at the general rate of sliding from the static to the impact sliding.Thus, all the elastic and inelastic deformation/sliding phenomena of solids can be described accurately in the unified equation by the subloading-overstress model. The subloading surface model will be engraved as the governing law of irreversible deformation of solids in the history of solid mechanics.

The 4th volume of the journal'Engineering Innovations'contains articles devoted to research results in machine and equipment design and some issues in biomedical engineering, such as the 3D printing of unique scaffolds for drug delivery and health informatics. There also are finite element analysis of damage of the cylindrical roller bearing of shot blasting machine, the development of the method for enhancing the energy efficiency of the heat exchanger, vibration analysis of mini unmanned aerial vehicle and some examples of the computational design of technological equipment. Engineers, technologists, academics, and students will appreciate the presented articles.

This book presents fundamental theory of shock and detonation waves as well as selected studies in detonation research in Japan, contributed by selected experts in safety research on explosives, development of industrial explosives, and application of explosives. It also reports detonation research in Japan featuring industrial explosives that include ammonium nitrate-based explosives and liquid explosives. Intended as a monographic-style book, it consistently uses technical terms and symbols and creates organic links between various detonation phenomena in application of explosives, fundamental theory of detonation waves, measurement methods, and individual studies. Among other features, the book presents a historical perspective of shock wave and detonation research in Japan, pedagogical materials for young researchers in detonation physics, and an introduction to works in Japan, including equations of state, which are worthy of attention but about which very little is knowninternationally. Further, the concise pedagogical chapters also characterize this book as a primer of detonation of condensed explosives and help readers start their own research.

Throughout the broad spectrum of applications, such principles as Newton's three laws, the behavior of gases, and hydraulics are fundamental. This volume presents basic physical principles, hydraulics, mechanical engineering in history, essential and specialized tools, design principles and many other topics, allowing readers to acquire a sound knowledge base for their understanding of mechanics in the real world.

Compressibility is a property inherent in any material, but it does not always manifest itself. Experience suggests that it affects the medium motion only at velocities comparable to the speed of sound. Why do we study compressibility? It turns out that in order to calculate the aircraft streamlining or the internal flow in its engine, or the shell muzzle velocity, or the dynamic load of a shock wave from an accidental blast on a structural element, and in many other cases it is necessary to know and understand the laws of the Dynamics of Compressible Media (DCM) and be able to apply them in practice. This textbook is designed to help readers achieve this goal and learn the basics of DCM. This field of knowledge is high-tech and always focuses on the future: modern developments of hypersonic aircraft, designing more advanced structural elements for airplanes and helicopters, calculating the car aerodynamics, etc. Paradoxes have always given impetus to thesearch for new technological devices. Unusual effects in DCM include the flow chocking in supersonic outflow from reservoirs (Sect.2.2); the shock wave formation inside an initially smooth flow (Sect.5.3); the generation of a'spallation saucer'of armor inside a tank when a shell hits it (Sect.5.5); the dog-leg of a plane discontinuity surface at shockwave reflection from a rigid wall (Sec.8.1). The way to understand these and other effects is through the creation of quantitative models of a moving compressible fluid.

This textbook provides an alternative, inductive treatment of traditional Engineering Thermodynamics, e.g. energy and its transformations in engineering systems, and introduces the notion of eXergy. The book begins with energy methods developed in mechanics and transitions to thermodynamics by introducing both 1st and 2nd Laws of Thermodynamics immediately, incorporating more-advanced concepts using practical applications. This methodology continues throughout the text, wherein consideration of a specific example leads to general conclusions. At the same time, the author introduces eXergy, also called “Availability,” a measure of the potential of a substance to produce useful mechanical work in being brought from its current state to the conditions of the local environment.The book facilitates students'understanding with workshop problem statements and guided spreadsheet.It is appropriate for a sophomore- or junior-level first course in thermodynamics and is restricted to “simple compressible substances” with no formal chemical reaction development. Mechanical engineering applications are the primary target, where several follow-up courses would follow (fluid mechanics, heat transfer, and a 2nd thermos course). Civil or electrical engineering students could benefit from just this course, and chemical engineering programs could develop chemically reacting and non-ideal applications in follow-up courses.

Die vorliegende 2. Auflage wurde vollständig durchgesehen, aktualisiert und mit einigen Ergänzungen versehen sowie mit einem Kapitel über „Ballistische Messtechnik“ erweitert. Sie bietet weiterhin eine umfassende Darstellung der Ballistik mit engem Bezug zur Praxis. Sie beschreibt die Grundlagen und Rechenmodelle in den vier Hauptgebieten der Ballistik mit vielen Fakten, Hinweisen und Beispielen aus der jahrzehntelangen großen Erfahrung des Autors.Innenballistik: Explosivstoffe (Zünd- und Treibmittel), Berechnungsverfahren des Gasdruckes und der Geschwindigkeit von Geschossen und Raketen, Möglichkeiten der Projektilbeschleunigung, Beschleunigung von Splittern.Abgangsballistik: Ereignisse, die das Geschoss beim Verlassen der Mündung begleiten, Ausströmen der Pulvergase, Auswirkungen auf den Schützen oder den Waffenträger, Grundlage für die Schussentfernungsbestimmung in Kriminalistik und Rechtsmedizin.Außenballistik: Kräfte, die auf das Geschoss einwirken, Beschreibung der Rechenmodelle zur Bestimmung von Flugbahnen, Lösungen des Randwertproblems, Theorie der gyroskopischen Stabilisierung von Geschossen, aerodynamischen Optimierung von Flugkörpern.Endballistik: Die Wechselwirkung eines Geschosses mit vielen Materialien, neu auch mit Glas und Keramik, Zusammenstellung experimentell ermittelter Fakten und Daten, Probleme der Prüfung von ballistischem Schutz, ausführliche Darstellung des Abprallens von Geschossen, dem speziell in der Forensik große Bedeutung zukommt.Ballistische Anwendungen: in der Kriminalistik, bei Sicherheitsfragen und -problemen auf Schießplätzen und in Schießanlagen, neu die Berechnung der Außenballistik von Schrotgarben in ihrer ganzen Ausdehnung.Ballistische Messtechnik: Grundzüge der Messtechnik für Geschwindigkeit, Druckund Flugverhalten von Geschossen, bildgebende Verfahren, historische Messkonzepte.

Peer-reviewed extended papers selected from the 25th International Conference on Material Forming (ESAFORM 2022)Peer-reviewed extended papers selected from the 25th International Conference on Material Forming (ESAFORM 2022), April 27-29, 2022, Portugal

Modern Applied Fracture Mechanics presents a practical, accessible guide to understanding and applying basic linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM) techniques to problems commonly seen in industry, including fatigue analysis, failure analysis, and damage tolerance.Including applications for several software programs, AFGROW, MATLAB®, ABAQUS, and a web-based FM calculator, the book discusses appropriate models, assumptions, and typical input/output parameters. It provides a framework that will enable readers to quickly learn and use fracture mechanics (FM) software packages and/or write their own code to solve unique or standard FM problems. The book covers the fundamental concepts needed to successfully execute routine applications or conduct experimental investigations. End-of-chapter problems are included, along with real-world examples to enhance student understanding.The textbook is appropriate for undergraduate students, preparing them for the industry, and for advanced studies in fracture mechanics at the graduate level. Industry professionals and researchers will find this book a valuable resource for understanding basic fracture mechanics principles and methods.Features include: Provides broad, accessible coverage of common fracture mechanics concepts and applications. Focuses on applications, real-world examples, and numerical methods in fracture analysis. Integrates and explains current end-user software coverage for fracture mechanics. Includes numerous sample problems, software examples, and end-of-chapter problems. Includes a Solutions Manual for adopting instructors.

Selected peer-reviewed full text papers from the 6th AMRMT, 4th MSME and 4th ICMMPM, 2021Selected peer-reviewed full text papers from the 6th AMRMT, 4th MSME (both held on November 5, 2021, virtual) and 4th ICMMPM, 2021 (September 25-26, 2021, virtual)

This thematical issue presents to readers the results of engineering research on the strength of engineering materials and structural integrity, including numerical analysis of heat and mass transfer phenomena in engineering systems. The methods and research results in the area of materials physics and actual examples of applications of approaches of computational materials science are presented in a separate chapter. The publication will be helpful to specialists and researchers in materials science and machinery.

Selected peer-reviewed extended articles based on abstracts presented at the 11th International Conference on Advanced Materials and Engineering Materials (ICAMEM2022)Aggregated Book

The Fifth edition of this classic textbook includes a solutions manual. Extensive supplemental instructor resources are forthcoming in the Fall of 2022. Mechanical Vibration: Theory and Application presents comprehensive coverage of the fundamental principles of mechanical vibration, including the theory of vibration, as well as discussions and examples of the applications of these principles to practical engineering problems. The book also addresses the effects of uncertainties in vibration analysis and design and develops passive and active methods for the control of vibration. Many example problems with solutions are provided. These examples as well as compelling case studies and stories of real-world applications of mechanical vibration have been carefully chosen and presented to help the reader gain a thorough understanding of the subject. There is a solutions manual for instructors who adopt this book. Request a solutions manual here (https://www.rutgersuniversitypress.org/mechanical-vibration).

Organisées dans le cadre de la commission CSC-FC-FPH du CEFRACOR, les journées Jeunes Chercheurs ont pour objectif de rassembler des doctorants et leurs directeurs de thèse ainsi que des chercheurs confirmés, impliqués dans la problématique'couplage mécanique-microstructure-environnement'. Elles mettent à l'honneur les doctorants en leur offrant l'opportunité de présenter leurs travaux sous forme d'exposés oraux et de débattre, avec l'ensemble des chercheurs présents, de sujets scientifiques en lien direct avec la thématique'couplage mécanique-microstructure-environnement', lors de tables rondes. Ces journées sont également l'occasion pour la communauté française de faire un état des lieux concernant cette problématique de couplage qui couvre notamment la question de l'endommagement en Corrosion sous Contrainte, fatigue-corrosion et fragilisation par l'hydrogène. En ce sens, elles ont aussi pour vocation de réunir les chercheurs académiques et les industriels français travaillant autour de ces grands enjeux scientifiques.

This second edition adds newly established techniques and material properties codified in the past ten years to this authoritative reference. The volume retains its comprehensive coverage of damage and healing mechanics with updates to core topics and references and addition of other types of damages not covered in the first edition, including thermo-elastoviscoplastic damage-healing model for bituminous materials, damage in granular materials, damage in biological tissue, damage in rubber materials, damage crashworthiness in cars and airplanes, risk analysis in damaged structures, and evaluating damage with digital image correlation. The Handbook details computational modeling of constitutive equations as well as solved examples in engineering applications. A wide range of materials that engineers may encounter are covered, including metals, composites, ceramics, polymers, biomaterials, and nanomaterials. The internationally recognized team of contributors employs a consistent andsystematic approach, offering readers a user-friendly reference that is ideal for frequent consultation. The Handbook of Damage Mechanics: Nano to Macro Scale for Materials and Structures, second edition is ideal for graduate students and faculty, researchers, and professionals in the fields of Mechanical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Aerospace Engineering, Materials Science, and Engineering Mechanics.