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This book brings together the exciting new findings that will bring us closer to a better understanding of the alterations of neuronal connectivity in autistic brains. This volume authoritatively covers the epidemiology, physiology, neurodevelopment, genetics, environmental influences, imaging studies, neuroanatomy, and neurochemistry of autism spectrum disorders. While the neurobiology of autism is still a long way from being understood, this book posits techniques, such as using brain imaging to find signatures in early days of life, that could help move the diagnosis and help identify neural pathways. Understanding these mechanisms opens the possibility to pharmacological, behavioral, and psychosocial therapeutic interventions. With contributions from the leading international autism researchers, Neurobiology of Autism Spectrum Disorders is the go-to reference for researchers and clinicians with an interest in understanding the underlying neurobiologyof autism spectrum disorders.

Frauen haben nicht die gleichen Gehirne wie Männer. Doch worin unterscheidet sich das weibliche Gehirn tatsächlich und was sind nur kulturelle Stereotype? Die Neurowissenschaftlerin Iris Sommer gibt einen faszinierenden Einblick in das weibliche Gehirn. Sie beschreibt, worin seine Besonderheiten und seine Stärken liegen und was daraus für die Persönlichkeit folgt. Ob uns das gefällt oder nicht – wir werden nicht geschlechtsneutral geboren. Das weibliche Gehirn ist entschieden anders als das männliche (wie übrigens auch die weibliche Leber und das weibliche Herz). Doch längst nicht alle Unterschiede und schon gar nicht die bekannten Stereotype und die Ungleichheiten zwischen Männern und Frauen lassen sich darauf zurückführen, geschweige denn so rechtfertigen. Iris Sommer zeigt, dass die Vielfalt von Persönlichkeit, Geschlecht und Gender viel größer ist, als wir häufig wahrhaben wollen. Dennoch teilen wir die Menschen in Mädchen und Jungen, Frauen und Männer ein, und die damit verbundenen Klischees haben großen Einfluss auf unser Selbstverständnis. Um Gleichberechtigung zu erreichen, müssen wir lernen, zwischen tatsächlichen biologischen Unterschieden und (veränderbaren) Stereotypen zu differenzieren. Das ist alles andere als leicht, aber genau darum geht es in diesem anschaulich geschriebenen, hochinformativen Buch.

Behavioral neuroendocrinologists are interested in the interactions between hormones and behaviors. This unique book tracks the development of behavioral neuroendocrinology from the first recognized paper in the field by Arnold Berthold in 1849 to the major contributors of the past century. It traces the history and development of the field by exploring the women and men who conducted the studies that revealed these hormone-behavioral relationships. Most chapters are written by the individuals who knew these pioneers best, and describe their stories and discuss the ways in which their work has shaped the field. Now is the perfect time for this book. The field is burgeoning and interest in the development of theoretical perspectives is thriving. Moreover, although this field was dominated by men early on, it has become a field with near sexual parity among its faculty, society membership, and leadership, and thus serves as an example of equitable science, training, and advocacy.

Handbook of Amygdala Structure and Function, Volume 26, provides an updated overview on the functional neuroanatomy of amygdala nuclei, with an emphasis on interconnections (basolateral, central amygdala, medial amygdala) and their integration into related networks/circuits (prefrontal cortex, bed nucleus, nucleus accumbens). The design of this volume builds upon the foundations of functional neural circuits and the corresponding (cellular) electrophysiology important for the homeostatic control of amygdala function. This volume contains a dedicated section on the anatomical organization of the amygdala nuclei, emphasizing the role of neurotransmitters and neuropeptides that integrate signals and regulate behavior. Additional chapters discuss cellular physiology, plasticity and the integration of electrical signals that contribute to neural activity. The final section of the book connects the role of amygdala dysfunction and the development of disorders in human health and disease. - Emphasizes a comparative and multidisciplinary approach on the topic of the amygdala - Discusses, in detail, the role of amygdala dysfunction and the development of disorders in human health and disease - Examines the current state of research in cellular physiology, plasticity and the integration of electrical signals - Includes a dedicated section on neuropeptides, neurotransmitters and cannabinoids that links to behavior control

Anxiety, the latest volume in the Vitamins and Hormones series first published in 1943, and the longest-running serial published by Academic Press, provides up-to-date information on the roles that hormones and other factors play in anxiety and stress. Each volume focuses on a single molecule or disease that is related to vitamins or hormones, with the topic broadly interpreted to include related substances, such as transmitters, cytokines, growth factors, and others thoroughly reviewed. - Provides cutting-edge reviews concerning the molecular and cellular biology of vitamins and hormones - Contains expertise from world-renowned contributors - Includes coverage of a vast array of subjects - Presents in-depth, current information from the molecular to clinical level

Based on a large variety of experiments on both humans and animals, this volume presents novel conceptualizations of the organizing consequences of hormones throughout the lifespans of mammals.

ELLIOTT M. BLASS Fifteen years have passed since the first volume on developmental psychobiology (Blass, 1986) appeared in this series and 13 since the publication of the second volume (Blass, 1988). These volumes documented the status of the broad domain of scientific inquiry called developmental psychobiology and were also written with an eye to the future. The future has been revolutionary in at least three ways. First, there was the demise of a descriptive ethology as we had known it, to be replaced first by sociobiology and later by its more sophisticated versions based on quantitative predictions of social interactions that reflected relatedness and inclu­ sive fitness. Second, there was the emergence of cognitive science, including cogni­ tive development, as an enormously strong and interactive multidisciplinary effort. Making the'functional'brain more accessible made this revolution all the more relevant to our discipline. In the laboratory, immunocytochemical detection of immediate / early genes, such as los, now allows us to trace neuronal circuits activated during complex behaviors. The'functional'brain of primates, especially humans, was also made very accessible through neuroimaging with which we can look at and into brains as they solve and attempt to solve particular tasks. Those of us who were trained in neurology as graduate students two or three decades ago recognize only the people in white coats and patients in beds or on gurneys when we visit neurologi­ cal units today. The rest is essentially new.

The Mouse Nervous System provides a comprehensive account of the central nervous system of the mouse. The book is aimed at molecular biologists who need a book that introduces them to the anatomy of the mouse brain and spinal cord, but also takes them into the relevant details of development and organization of the area they have chosen to study. The Mouse Nervous System offers a wealth of new information for experienced anatomists who work on mice. The book serves as a valuable resource for researchers and graduate students in neuroscience. - Systematic consideration of the anatomy and connections of all regions of the brain and spinal cord by the authors of the most cited rodent brain atlases - A major section (12 chapters) on functional systems related to motor control, sensation, and behavioral and emotional states - A detailed analysis of gene expression during development of the forebrain by Luis Puelles, the leading researcher in this area - Full coverage of the role of gene expression during development and the new field of genetic neuroanatomy using site-specific recombinases - Examples of the use of mouse models in the study of neurological illness

Interest in the study of peripheral nerve repair and regeneration has increased significantly over the last twenty years and today the number of nerve reconstructions performed is progressively increasing due to the continuous improvement in surgical technology and to the spread of microsurgical skills among surgeons worldwide. This volume of International Review of Neurobiology providdes an overview of the state of the art knowledge in peripheral nerve repair and regeneration by bringing together a number of reviews that critically address some the most important issues in this biomedical field.

Evolutionary Neuroscience is a collection of articles in brain evolution selected from the recent comprehensive reference, Evolution of Nervous Systems (Elsevier, Academic Press, 2007). The selected chapters cover a broad range of topics from historical theory to the most recent deductions from comparative studies of brains. The articles are organized in sections focused on theories and brain scaling, the evolution of brains from early vertebrates to present-day fishes, amphibians, reptiles and birds, the evolution of mammalian brains, and the evolution of primate brains, including human brains. Each chapter is written by a leader or leaders in the field, and has been reviewed by other experts. Specific topics include brain character reconstruction, principles of brain scaling, basic features of vertebrate brains, the evolution of the major sensory systems, and other parts of brains, what we can learn from fossils, the origin of neocortex, and the evolution of specializations of human brains. The collection of articles will be interesting to anyone who is curious about how brains evolved from the simpler nervous systems of the first vertebrates into the many different complex forms now found in present-day vertebrates. This book would be of use to students at the graduate or undergraduate levels, as well as professional neuroscientists, cognitive scientists, and psychologists. Together, the chapters provide a comprehensive list of further reading and references for those who want to inquire further. - The most comprehensive, authoritative and up-to-date single volume collection on brain evolution - Full color throughout, with many illustrations - Written by leading scholars and experts

This third edition of the standard reference on the nervous system of the rat is a complete and updated revision of the 1994 second edition. All chapters have been extensively updated, and new chapters added covering early segmentation, growth factors, and glia. The book is now aligned with the data available in the Rat Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates, making it an excellent companion to this bestselling atlas. Physiological data, functional concepts, and correlates to human anatomy and function round out the new edition. - Designed to be used in conjunction with the bestselling Rat Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates - New to this edition is inclusion of physiological data, functional concepts, and correlates to human anatomy and function in each chapter - Contains new chapters on early segmentation of the central nervous system, growth factors and glia

Melatonin: Biosynthesis, Physiological Effects, and Clinical Applications provides a thorough review of recent advances in major areas of melatonin research. The book is arranged in a logical sequence, beginning with the history of melatonin and then proceeding to cover its biochemistry and secretion, physiological effects, and clinical significance. New findings and current concepts are emphasized, and a significant amount of previously unpublished data are included. The book will be an important reference for neurobiologists, cell biologists, ophthalmologists, endocrinologists, neuroendocrinologists, reproductive biologists, psychiatrists, and other researchers and clinicians interested in melatonin.