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Immune-mediated polyneuropathies stem from dysregulation of the immune system and affect a wide range of the population. Inflammatory diseases such as chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) and Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) are the most common acute and chronic treatable immune-mediated polyneuropathies. The immune system mediates primarily demyelination but also neuronal degeneration through oxidative stress. As a result, patients suffer from hyporeflexia or areflexia accompanied with sensory and motor deficits as the disease progresses, which can lead to hospitalization and death. Over the years, nutrition and intestinal metabolism have become more relevant for the regulation of the immune system. In particular, short chain fatty acids (SCFA) have become the focus of attention. Currently, the best-studied SCFA is butyrate, produced by bacteria in the intestine along with propionate and acetate. Butyrate has already achieved promising results in areas such as oncology and immunology. Now, in the context of this master thesis, the question arises of the neuroprotective and neuroregenerative abilities of butyrate under oxidative stress.

The Neuroradiology Board's Favorites is a case-based review book focused on the imaging of pathology-proven lesions related to the central nervous system.The mission of this book is to help readers revise the core concepts and maintain knowledge of neuroradiology from radiology, neurology, and neurosurgical perspectives. This study companion features a unique design and is structured in two sections, totalling 15 chapters. It includes 100 clinical scenarios and imaging, supplemented by more than 170 multiple-choice questions in a convenient format suitable for self-study. The questions are attached to each case scenario in a style that mirrors the format adopted by the majority of local, regional, and international board examinations. The answers and explanations appear immediately below the questions to enhance readability. The content of this book is an adjunct to existing texts and does not intend to be the primary source of information; it aims to help readers identify their relevant strengths and weaknesses in the area and is based on the most up-to-date best practice evidence. This book is targeted at students of radiology, neurology, neurosurgery, and neurosciences. In addition, it can be beneficial for residents, fellows, and young attendings to prepare for exams or practice.

This updated reference covers diverse aspects of cerebellar development from a full range of viewpoints, including the epidemiology of cerebellar genetic disorders, developmental anatomy, cell biology, genetics, epigenetics, infectious diseases, and mechanisms involved in the regulation of cell fate, while also focusing on information that is relevant to clinicians caring for patients with cerebellar disorders. The chapters are written by experts in the field of cerebellar development, and the chapters cover diseases related to the cerebellum, along with their epidemiology, clinical features, assessment, and management. In addition to updating the content to cover the significant developments in the field since the first edition, the second edition will include new chapters on Non-Coding RNAs and Cerebellar Development, Development of the Fish Cerebellum, the Role of nNOS/NO on Cerebellar Development in Health and Disease, and rehabilitation in cerebellar ataxia. The effect of the COVID-19 on the cerebellum has been included in related chapters. Development of the Cerebellum from Molecular Aspects to Diseases, 2nd edition, is designed to be valuable reference for both neuroscientists and clinicians.

This broad and thought-provoking volume provides an overview of recent intellectual and scientific advances that bridge the gap between psychiatry and neuroscience, offering a wide range of penetrating insights in both disciplines. The third volume on the topic in the last several years from a varying panel of international experts, this title identifies the borders, trends and implications in both fields today and goes beyond that into related disciplines to seek out connections and influences. Similar to its two Update book predecessors, Psychiatry and Neuroscience – Volume III presents the current state-of-the-art in the main disciplines – psychiatry and neuroscience – and attempts to provide deeper comprehension or explication of the normal and diseased human mind, its biological correlates and its biographical and existential implications. This engaging volume continues the previous style of exploring different disciplines and trying to integratedisciplinary evidence from varying points of view in an organic manner. Developed for clinicians and researchers in the fields of medicine, psychiatry, psychology and biology, this third volume also will be of great interest to students and university professors of diverse disciplines.

The intention of this unique title is to bridge the gap between psychiatry and neuroscience, allowing a fruitful dialogue between both sciences. Recognizing that psychiatry has received important contributions from the basic neurosciences and that the basic neurosciences have received inspiration and objectives from the open problems of psychiatry, Psychiatry and Neuroscience: Bridging the Divide is designed to identify the borders, trends and implications in both fields today. Comprehensive and developed by a renowned group of experts from both fields, the book is divided into four parts: Epistemological Considerations About the Study of Normal and Abnormal Human Behaviors; From Basic Neurosciences to Human Brain; Neurosciences, Learning, Teaching and the Role of Social Environment and Explaining Human Pathological Behaviors: From Brain Disorders to Psychopathology. A unique and invaluable addition to the literature in psychiatry and neuroscience, Psychiatry and Neuroscience: Bridging the Divide offers an important and clearer understanding of the relationship between psychiatry and neuroscience.

This conference was instigated by a combination of factors: The nature of the problem, the wide­ spread occupational epidemiology reported on eye symptoms and eye fatigue in the workplace, and the organizers'awareness of the complexity of the scientific and clinical bases of knowledge that might be usefully applied. The introduction of new methods into system neurobiology provides new insights into how we receive and process information from the external world, and act upon it. New, non-invasive methods have opened the way to direct observation of the human brain in action. Due particularly to the interaction between the visual and oculomotor requirements involved, several clinical and scientific fields intersect when these issues are considered. To provide clear vision the accommodative and pupillary mechanisms are used. To maintain binocularity, the ver­ gence oculomotor system, sensitive to fatigue, must attain congruence with accommodative levels. This accommodation-vergence linkage was a focus of our symposium.

This volume of Cerebral Cortex is dedicated to Sir John Eccles, who was an active member of the advisory board for the series until his death in May 1997. His input as to what topics should be covered in future volumes of this series will be sorely missed. The present volume is concerned with neurodegenerative disorders and age­ related changes in the structure and function of the cerebral cortex, a topic that has attracted increasing interest as longevity and the number of aged individuals in the population increase. Although much of the research on the neurodegenerative effects of aging has been centered on Alzheimer's disease, most of the aging popu­ lation will not be afflicted by this disease. They will, however, be affected by the consequences of normal aging, so the first few chapters of this volume are con­ cerned with that topic. Chapter 1, by Marilyn S. Albert and Mark B. Moss, gives an account of the cognitive changes that accompany normal human aging. Chapter 2, by Mark B.

Mit einem Vorwort von Mark Solms Das Buch beschreibt die theoretischen Grundlagen und die Phänomenologie eines hierarchischen Funktions- und Organisationsprinzips, das sich in verschiedenen Konzepten des Gehirns und des Geistes widerspiegelt. Nach diesen Vorstellungen wird neurale und mentale Funktion als Resultat hierarchischer Überlagerungen verstanden, die Kennzeichen ontogenetischer und phylogenetischer Entwicklung sind. Das Modell impliziert eine Kontrolle von untergeordneten durch übergeordnete Elemente, sodass eine Störung in dieser Organisation neue Interpretationsmöglichkeiten neuromentaler und psychopathologischer Phänomene bietet. Hierarchische Prinzipien finden sich in Konzepten der Neurologie, der Neuroethologie und Psychoanalyse, sowie in der Theorie der Mikrogenese. Durch Miteinbeziehen evolutionärer und hierarchischer Aspekte in Erklärungsmodelle des menschlichen Geistes und Verhaltens, kontrastiert dieser Ansatz mit den modularen Konzepten der kognitiven Neurowissenschaft.