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The past decade has witnessed a revolution in our understanding of microglia, especially since their roles in the healthy CNS have started to unravel. These cells were shown to actively maintain health, in concert with neurons and other types of CNS cells, providing further insight into their crucial involvement with diseases. Edited by Drs. Marie-Ève Tremblay and Alexei Verkhratsky, Microglia: Physiology, Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Potential shares with the scientific and medical community the latest discoveries in the microglial research field, with a truly comprehensive collection of chapters written by the top specialists across five continents. The book begins by explaining briefly what they are, from both historical and evolutionary points of view, and how they can be studied. The first section explains their physiological roles in the maturation, function, and plasticity of the CNS. The second section focuses on their general involvement in neuropathophysiology, and the third section on their critical implication in specific CNS diseases, including neurotrauma, neuropathic pain, ischemia and stroke, infectious diseases, autoimmune diseases, neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders, substance use and addiction, sleep disorders, ageing, and neurodegenerative diseases. The fourth section presents their clinical potential as a targeted therapeutic tool for these CNS diseases.

This reference book compiles the recent advances in computational and experimental modelling to screen and manage Alzheimer's disease. It covers basic etiopathology and various in vitro and in vivo strategies of disease intervention. The book discusses how computer-aided drug design approaches reduce costs and increase biological test efficiency. It reviews the screening for anti-Alzheimer drugs and biomarker analysis of disease inhibitors. The book also explores mechanistic aspects of neurodegeneration and the use of natural products as therapeutics for Alzheimer's disease.Key features: Elaborates on the computational modelling of protein target inhibitors as anti-Alzheimer's agents Explains the role of phytomolecules and natural products in Alzheimer's therapy Reviews preclinical ways to assess drugs focusing on Alzheimer's disease Covers biomarker analysis for Alzheimer's disease Discusses the onset and progression of Alzheimer's disease The book is meant for professionals, researchers, and students of neuroscience, psychology, and computational neurosciences.

This book explores the pivotal role of synaptic plasticity in the pathogenesis, progression, and potential treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. The initial chapter provides an in-depth understanding of the complexity and impact of neurodegenerative conditions. It discusses the association of mitochondrial dysfunction, epigenetic influences, and neuroinflammation with synaptic plasticity in neurodegenerative diseases. The following chapters review the dynamic changes that occur at the cellular and synaptic levels in Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and Huntington's disease, paving the way for innovative therapeutic strategies. Furthermore, the book presents various computational tools and methodologies essential for enhancing our understanding of synaptic plasticity. It examines the transformative role of artificial intelligence tools in addressing synaptic impairment across various neurodegenerative diseases. Discusses the role of synaptic plasticity in neurodegenerative diseases, shedding light on how dynamic changes occur at the cellular and synaptic levels Explores the transformative role of artificial intelligence tools in addressing synaptic impairment across various neurodegenerative diseases Provides a comprehensive overview of neurodegenerative disorders, including pathogenesis, etiology, and treatment strategies Presents tools and techniques used to simulate the complex system biology of synaptic plasticity Examines the role of computational neuroscience in understanding and potentially treating conditions such as multiple sclerosis and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Toward the end, the book explores the role of synaptic impairment and computational neuroscience in understanding and potentially treating conditions such as multiple sclerosis and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. With its multifaceted approach, this book serves as a useful resource for researchers, clinicians, and students in the fields of neuroscience, computational biology, and neurology.

Oxidative stress and neuroinflammation are considered causative factors in various neurological disorders such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. Antioxidants are chemicals that bind with oxidative species and nullify their effect from causing damage to biological molecules. Endogenous antioxidants are produced by our body, however most of them are obtained from external sources, primarily through diet, called dietary antioxidants. Major sources of antioxidants are brightly colored fruits, vegetables, cereals, legumes, and herbs. Other very effective sources are berries, green tea, and dark chocolate. These compounds have the potential to hinder neurodegeneration, reduce neuronal death and improve memory as well as cognitive functions. Based on the complex nature of antioxidants and oxidative stress, particular antioxidants such as vitamin E, vitamin C or β-carotene are beneficial in protecting cells, organs and tissues against oxidative damage.The Role of Natural Antioxidants in Brain Disorders describes various neuroprotective effects and their physiological phenomenon mediated by antioxidants to maintain and regulate the general health biomarkers against brain disorders. The important role of antioxidants, diet and lifestyle in managing brain disorders is covered, as is their use in conjunction with conventional therapies against oxidative stress. Both exogenous and endogenous antioxidants are explored in full. By focusing on the role of oxidative stress as a triggering mechanism for various brain disorders and the use of antioxidant foods in conjunction with traditional therapies in combating and preventing them, this is a valuable source for researchers in food science, nutrition, health science and physiology.

This book discusses the regulation of gene transcription by neuronal activity that is evident in a large number of neuronal processes ranging from neural development and refinement of neuronal connections to learning and response to injury. Transcriptional Regulation by Neuronal Activity: To the Nucleus and Back, 2nd edition illustrates how signals are transmitted to the nucleus in response to neuronal activity, which genes are regulated and how this is achieved, and how these changes in gene expression alter neuronal function. The aim of this second edition is to highlight key advances in the field since the first edition. The book is divided into four sections. The first highlights how signals get to the nucleus from the membrane in response to synaptic or neuronal activity. Included are chapters on the pathways that transmit signals from synapses to nuclei. The second section focuses on epigenetic regulatory processes of activity-induced gene transcription, an area that has exploded in the past few years. The third section navigates the role of activity-induced genes in physiological processes such as learning and memory, and human developmental disorders such as those associated with the autism spectrum. The fourth section highlights groundbreaking technological advances in the field, which have allowed activity-regulated transcription to be used as a tool to study learning and memory.

This book explores the potential benefits of turmeric, and specifically curcumin, in the treatment and prevention of neurodegenerative diseases. The book covers various aspects of turmeric, including its traditional use in Ayurveda and Chinese medicine, secondary metabolites, curcuminoids, and sesquiterpenoids found in turmeric, as well as the use of nano curcumin in neurodegenerative diseases. It discusses the different ways in which turmeric can be used to treat neurodegenerative diseases, including as a therapy for brain diseases, curcumin-induced neuroprotection in cerebral ischemia, and neural stem cell therapy in combination with curcumin. It also discusses the role of nano curcumin in neurodegenerative diseases, including its potential use in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. The book provides the scientific evidence behind the use of turmeric and its compounds in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. Overall, this bookis an invaluable resource for researchers and healthcare professionals interested in exploring the potential benefits of turmeric and curcumin in the treatment and prevention of neurodegenerative diseases.

This textbook highlights the exciting field of nanoneuroscience and its potential to transform how we diagnose and treat neurological disorders.'The Textbook of Nanoneuroscience and Nanoneurosurgery,'dives deep into this emerging field, exploring the latest tools and techniques currently being developed at the nanoscale level. Key areas of focus include: Nanoplatforms: The book explores how scientists utilize materials on a near-microscopic scale for neurosurgery, neurology, and brain imaging applications. Bridging the Gap: Regulatory hurdles for translating research from the lab to real-world use are addressed, paving the way for future advancements. The Future is Now: The book showcases recent breakthroughs already impacting patient care alongside promising areas with significant potential. Collaboration is Key: Insights from over 220 researchers and 5000+ references, along with illustrative figures in B/W and color, provide a comprehensive overview of this dynamic field. With its focus on minimally invasive procedures and the latest regulatory considerations，'The Textbook of Nanoneuroscience and Nanoneurosurgery'equips researchers and medical professionals with the knowledge to develop groundbreaking treatments for neurological conditions. The text also reviews the latest regulatory guidelines that influence the translation of nanotechnological research from the laboratory to the clinic and the most recent information on biodevices and pharmaceutical spinoffs. It highlights presidential and congressional initiatives and programs that may impact the field soon. Some reviews of the First edition of the textbook.'…a significant contribution to the field of nanoneuroscience and nanoneurosurgery … the reader will come away with a deeper understanding of the history of nanotechnology and medicine.'—Neuroscience'This is a monumental first textbook on nanoneurosurgery. … recommended reading for neurosurgeons, neurologists, neuroradiologists, and neuroscientists involved in research on new techniques for application in neurosurgery. Biomedical engineers and various companies developing instruments and devices would benefit from the wealth of information about trends for the development of new technologies for neurosurgery.'K. K. Jain, MD, Basel, Switzerland'Phenomenal body of knowledge in this book that would take eons to collate by myself. Every answer to every one of my questions plus heaps more. Essential reading for everyone interested in the field. A must-have!'Albert Deme'This is an amazing foray into the future of a largely unexplored, but increasingly critical medical domain…..I have learned much from every page of this captivating text, and I highly recommend it to any medical student, researcher, medical professional in the neurosciences, or anyone who has an interest in the human brain and the future of medicine, to gather a glimpse of the incredible and beneficial paradigm shifts that will soon impact the field of neuroscience.'Frank Boehm, British Columbia, Canada

Treatments, Nutraceuticals, Supplements and Herbal Medicine in Neurological Disorders offers readers a comprehensive reference on their potential for treatment in a wide variety of neurological diseases. Spanning various types of these compounds, this broad coverage allows readers to learn about the use of nutraceuticals and botanicals alone, or in combination with, other dietary regimes and/or vitamins and minerals. It covers diseases including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, ALS and MS, and severe neurological conditions including brain injury, stroke, headache and migraine. This volume provides a platform for research on nutraceuticals and botanical agents and on future investigations of these compounds. There are over 600 neurological disorders affecting both the central and peripheral nervous systems, some of which have been treated by nutraceuticals and herbal medicine, hence this is a timely resource on the topics covered. - Summarizes nutraceutical and herbal medicine research for a variety of neurological conditions - Contains chapter abstracts, key facts, a dictionary and a summary - Covers nutraceutical and botanical use in Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, ALS, MS, and more - Includes conditions like migraine, headache, stroke and brain injury

This book illustrates the importance of natural products as the source for the development of novel drugs for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease. It also highlights the role of reactive oxygen species and altered metal homeostasis in the progression of Alzheimer's disease and examines the potential of antioxidants and anti-chelating agents in the clinical intervention of neurodegenerative diseases. The book also discusses the role of neuroinflammation in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. The chapters provide information about the drug targets, progress in the development of natural product-based therapeutics, biomarkers, fluorescent diagnostic tools, and theranostic for Alzheimer's disease. The book also provides information about the design and synthesis of natural product-based derivatives against the various targets of Alzheimer's disease including epigenetic targets and the metal dyshomeostasis hypothesis. Cutting across different disciplines, this book is a valuable source for neuroscientists, chemical biologists, pharmaceutical researchers, and synthetic biologists.

This book provides a reference guide describing the current status of medication in all major psychiatric and neurological indications, together with comparisons of pharmacological treatment strategies in clinical settings in Europe, USA, Japan and China. In addition, it highlights herbal medicine as used in China and Japan, as well as complementary medicine and nutritional aspects. This novel approach offers international readers a global approach in a single dedicated publication and is also a valuable resource for anyone interested in comparing treatments for psychiatric disorders in three different cultural areas. There are three volumes devoted to Basic Principles and General Aspects, offering a general overview of psychopharmacotherapy (Vol. 1); Classes, Drugs and Special Aspects covering the role of psychotropic drugs in the field of psychiatry and neurology (Vol. 2) and Applied Psychopharmacotherapy focusing on applied psychopharmacotherapy (Vol. 3). These books are invaluable to psychiatrists, neurologists, neuroscientists, medical practitioners and clinical psychologists.

Turmeric and Curcumin for Neurodegenerative Diseases examines protective mechanisms of turmeric products and novel nanotechnological therapeutics and biomaterial design strategies to circumvent Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's, and liver diseases. With neurodegenerative and liver diseases posing a serious threat to health care systems worldwide, this book addresses how existing nanotechnology and therapeutic strategies have not been as successful in their treatment. In addition to discussing drawbacks, possible future perspectives to overcome these challenges are also examined. Chapters also focus on therapeutic efficacy and drug delivery systems, providing readers with a full summary of research in this field in one handy reference. - Summarizes the therapeutic efficacy of turmeric and curcumin for neurodegenerative diseases - Includes effects on Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and liver diseases - Focuses on different types of drug delivery systems and their challenges - Examines novel nanotechnological therapeutics and biomaterial design strategies

This book presents studies of the main conditions that affect health and well-being of old people. Considering the present scenario of COVID-19, the effects of this viral infection on individuals older than 65 years are also discussed. The content enables professionals of health and government for the present and future actions in this important area. Readers go through the changes occurring in organs and tissues that can interfere with susceptibility to infections, low response to vaccines, cancer, and loss of cognition during the aging process. A discussion of the central role played by the immune system in the age-related diseases and how the immunity can be impaired during the ageing process is presented. Possibilities to circumvent these conditions via healthy habits in diet, physical exercise, and new pharmacological interventions are part of the content. This book discusses how human healthy longevity is dependent, at least inpart, of a functional immune system. Chapters were written for researchers in the field of aging and is especially suited for those interested in the study of immunosenescence and inflammaging affecting the health of old individuals.

Factors Affecting Neurological Aging: Genetics, Neurology, Behavior, and Diet is a comprehensive reference on the genetic and behavioral features associated with neurological aging and associated disorders. This book discusses the mechanisms underlying neurological aging and provides readers with a detailed introduction to the aging of neural connections and complexities in biological circuitries, as well as the physiological, behavioral, molecular, and cellular features of neurological aging. Finally, this comprehensive resource examines the use of animal modeling of aging and neurological disease. - Provides the most comprehensive coverage on a broad range of topics related to the neuroscience of aging - Features sections on the genetic components that influence aging and diseases of aging - Focuses on neurological diseases and conditions linked to aging, environmental factors and clinical recommendations - Includes more than 500 illustrations and tables

Metabolic Drivers and Bioenergetic Components of Neurodegenerative Disease reviews how the different aspects of metabolic dysfunction and consequent pathology associated with neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, can be targeted by novel treatment approaches. Topics covered include Cellular Senescence in Aging and Age-Related Disorders: Implications for Neurodegenerative Diseases; Repurposing GLP1 agonists for Neurodegenerative Diseases; Ketotherapeutics for Neurodegenerative Diseases; Enhancing Mitophagy as a Therapeutic Approach for Neurodegenerative Diseases; Harnessing Neurogenesis in the Adult Brain – A Role in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Alzheimer's disease; and much more. - Summarizes the impact of the metabolic hypothesis on underlying mechanisms of neurodegenerative diseases - Presents novel, potential treatment strategies based on the metabolic hypothesis for neurodegenerative diseases

The book focuses on implications of traditional and processed foods for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) intervention and management. Numerous phytonutrients and pharmacologically active compounds in edible natural products and diet could influence and offer protection to neuronal dysfunction that occurs due to ASD. The neuroprotective effects of various fruits, vegetables, nuts and seeds phytochemicals, and other natural bioactive ingredients against ASD and related conditions are discussed. Topics such as the possible neuroprotective mechanism of action of these foods and the therapeutic role of antioxidants in relation to ASD are addressed. This book also highlights the scope of using anti-inflammatory agents and antioxidants to promote neurogenesis and improve other symptoms in ASD. It emphasizes personalized nutritional approaches with dietary management of neurodevelopmental disorders/ASD cases. Information in this book is relevant to researchers in the field of complementary and alternative medicine, nutraceuticals, neuroscience, agriculture, nutrition, and food science. This volume is beneficial to students of varying levels, and across multiple disciplines.

Estrogens are key modulators of brain regions that mediate learning and memory formation. This regulation has significant translational implications, as estrogens contribute to age-related memory decline and dementia, emotional disorders, addiction, and recovery from brain injury. Although the importance of estrogens for memory formation has been well accepted within the behavioral neuroendocrinology community, it has yet to be fully appreciated by neuroscientists outside of the discipline. Recent National Institutes of Health policies on the inclusion of sex as a biological variable in grant applications will force thousands of researchers to consider hormonal regulation of memory for the first time. However, the majority of these researchers are not trained endocrinologists, and no previous monograph comprehensively encompasses the breadth of basic and clinical research on this subject. Thus, this book provides a vital resource for non-endocrinologists and endocrinologists alike. Estrogens and Memory: Basic Research and Clinical Implications provides a compendium of cutting-edge basic and clinical research describing the ways in which estrogens regulate memory in a variety of species. Chapters are written by leading experts whose work is on the forefront of this exciting field. Three fundamental discussions focus on: effects of estrogens on the hippocampus and other brain regions central to memory, effects of estrogens on memory and related cognitive processes throughout the lifespan, and translational implications of estrogenic regulation of memory for aging and disease.

The Neuroscience of Dementia brings together different fields of dementia research into a single book, covering a wide range of subjects, including Alzheimer's disease, Lewy body dementia, mixed dementia, vascular dementia, physical activity, risk factors, mortality, biomarkers, SPECT, CT, MRI, questionnaires, nutrition, sleep, delirium, hearing loss, agitation, aggression, delusions, anxiety, depression, hallucinations, psychosis, senile plaques, tau and amyloid-beta, neuroinflammation, molecular biology, and more. This foundational, comprehensive book compiles the latest understanding on all forms of dementia and their common features in a single source. It is an invaluable resource for neuroscientists, neurologists, and anyone in the field. - Offers comprehensive coverage of a broad range of topics related to dementia - Contains in each chapter an abstract, key facts, mini dictionary of terms, and summary points to aid in understanding - Provides unique sections on specific subareas, intellectual components, and knowledge-based niches that will help readers navigate key areas for research and further clinical recommendations - Features preclinical and clinical studies to help researchers map out key areas for research and further clinical recommendations - Serves as a'one-stop'source for everything you need to know about dementia

Genetics, Neurology, Behavior, and Diet in Dementia: The Neuroscience of Dementia, Volume 2 consolidates different fields of dementia research into a single book, covering a range of subjects, including Alzheimer's disease, Lewy body dementia, mixed dementia, vascular dementia, physical activity, risk factors, mortality, biomarkers, SPECT, CT, MRI, questionnaires, nutrition, sleep, delirium, hearing loss, agitation, aggression, delusions, anxiety, depression, hallucinations, psychosis, senile plaques, tau and amyloid-beta, neuroinflammation, and molecular biology. This foundational, comprehensive book assembles the latest understanding on all dementias and their common features in a single source. It is an invaluable resource for neuroscientists, neurologists, and anyone in the field. - Offers comprehensive coverage of a broad range of topics related to dementia - Serves as a foundational collection for neuroscientists and neurologists on the biology of dementia and brain dysfunction - Contains in each chapter an abstract, key facts, mini dictionary of terms, and summary points to aid in understanding - Provides unique sections on specific subareas, intellectual components, and knowledge-based niches that will help readers navigate key areas for research and further clinical recommendations - Features preclinical and clinical studies to help researchers map out key areas for research and further clinical recommendations - Serves as a'one-stop'source for everything you need to know about dementia

This book explores the latest developments in the field the acute phase protein (APP), C-reactive protein or CRP in different diseases, highlighting the structural and functional aspects of CRP in disease biology.Divided into 5 sections, the book examines important topics such as the role of CRP in neurodegenerative, cardiac and parasitic diseases, as well as in cancer and inflammatory bowel disease, and the expression of CRP in pediatric respiratory diseases. In addition it discusses the clinical role of CRP in diagnostics and therapeutics, sepsis, ICU and ITU patients, and also as a primary marker for inflammation. Given its scope, this book will appeal to scholars in various fields of medicine and biology.

This book provides detailed and comprehensive mechanistic insights of the various risk factors that lead to the ischemic stroke and the novel therapeutic interventions against it. The first section discusses the different ischemic cerebral stroke-induced inflammatory pathways and dysfunctionality of blood-brain barrier. The later sections of the book deals with the role of endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitophagy in cerebral stroke and introduces the different neuroimaging techniques such as Computed tomography (CT), Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), Positron emission tomography (PET) and Single-Photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) that are used to identify the arterial blockages. The final section comprises of chapters that focus on various neuroprotective strategies and emerging therapeutic interventions for combating stroke pathophysiology. The chapters cover the role of stem cell therapy, the therapeutic effect of low-frequency electromagnetic radiations (LF-EMR), and implications of non-coding RNAs such as micro-RNAs as the biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy in ischemic stroke.

This book focuses on neurodegenerative diseases which have become a major threat to human health. Neurodegenerative diseases are age related disorders and have become increasingly prevalent in the elderly population in recent years. Hence, there is an urgent need to study and develop new strategies and alternative methods for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. This book showcases the promises that nanobiotechnology brings in research, diagnosis, and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. It is very beneficial for varied group of readers including nanotechnologists, biotechnologists, pharmacists, medical professionals, bioengineers, biochemists and researchers working in this field. Nanobiotechnology in Neurodegenerative Diseases include various chapters including neurodegeneration and neurodegenerative diseases, nanotechnology for the rescue of neurodegenerative diseases, promising potential of nanomaterials for diagnosis and therapy of neurodegenerativediseases, nanotechnology mediated nose-to-brain drug delivery, and formulation and characterization of intranasal nanoparticles of antiretroviral drugs.

Exercise on Brain Health, Volume 147 in the International Review of Neurobiology series, highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting interesting chapters on Exercise on bipolar disorder in humans, Exercise on Parkinson's disease in humans, Exercise on spinal cord injury in animals, Exercise on spinal cord injury in humans, Exercise promotes synaptic plasticity, Exercise promotes neural connectivity, Exercise on spinogenesis, Peripheral-central crosstalk of exercise on brain health, Exercise and Parkinson's, Exercise on binge alcohol consumption, Exercise on depression, and Exercise on chronic fatigue syndrome, and more. Provides the authority and expertise of leading contributors from an international board of authors Summarizes the neuroprotective effects of physical exercise interventions on different brain disorders/injuries Provides clinical and pre-clinical evidence showing how effective physical exercise is neuroprotective

Neurochemical Aspects of Alzheimer's Disease provides a comprehensive overview of molecular aspects of risk factors, pathogenesis, biomarkers, and therapeutic strategies. The book focuses on molecular mechanisms and signal transduction processes associated with the pathogenesis, biomarkers, and therapeutic strategies of AD. The comprehensive and cutting edge information in this monograph may not only help in early detection of AD, but also promote discovery of new drugs to treat this chronic disease. Chapters discuss involvement of neural membrane phospholipids, sphingolipids, and cholesterol-derived lipid mediators, abnormal APP processing, and nucleic acid damage, risk factors, biomarker, and therapeutic strategies of Alzheimer's disease. This book is written for neurologists, neuroscientists, neurochemists, neuropharmacologists, and clinicianswho are interested in molecular mechanisms associated with the pathogenesis of age-related neurological disorders. - Provides a comprehensive overview of molecular aspects of risk factors, pathogenesis, biomarkers, and therapeutic strategies for Alzheimer's disease - Written for researchers, clinicians, and advanced graduate students in neurology, neuroscience, neurochemistry, and neuropharmacology - Acts as the first book to provide a comprehensive description of the signal transduction processes associated with pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease

Research studies demonstrate diet and proper nutrition in conjunction with cognitive, mental, social, and physical activities can significantly help in improving brain health with advancing age, and potentially reduce the risk of cognitive decline. These studies of phytopharmaceuticals and medicinal plants, demonstrate the efficacy of Huperzine A, berry anthocyanins, trans-resveratrol, Ginkgo biloba, Bacopa monniera, Centella asiatica, tocotrienols, and palm oil in boosting brain health and physical well-being. In addition, consumption of marine fishes and general seafood is recommended for long-term nutritional intervention to preserve mental health, hinder neurodegenerative processes, and sustain cognitive capacities in humans. Omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, n-3/n-6 PUFAs, flavonoids, and antioxidants prevent the initiation and progression of many neurological disorders.This book is a comprehensive review of phytopharmaceuticals impacting brain health with emphasis on diverse applications in food and nutrition sciences, biomedicine, neurology and other scientific and medical fields. It details available methods and contains numerous references making this the perfect guide for scientists who want to explore the fascinating world of phytopharmaceuticals with relation to brain health.Phytopharmaceuticals for Brain Health appeals to a diverse range of readers in industry, medical doctors, research and academia, including biologists, biochemists, food scientists, nutritionists and health professionals. Overall, this book brings a classic scenario of neurological problems to possible amelioration using novel nutraceuticals and functional foods.

The second edition of Neuroimmune Pharmacology bridges the disciplines of neuroscience, immunology and pharmacology from the molecular to clinical levels with particular thought made to engage new research directives and clinical modalities.Bringing together the foremost field authorities from around the world, Neuroimmune Pharmacology will serve as an invaluable resource for the basic and applied scientists of the current decade and beyond.

This is the first book on the market that explores the importance of curcumin for the treatment of neurological disorders. It has been estimated that 35.6 million people globally had dementia in 2010 and the prevalence of dementia has been predicted to double every 20 years. Thus, 115.4 million people may be living with dementia in 2050. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia and is present in 60%–70% of people with dementia. Unless new discoveries are made in the prevention or treatment of AD, the number of cases in the US alone is estimated to increase threefold, to 13.2 million by the year 2050. Thus, it is important to focus on delaying and treating the onset of AD by curcumin may be an important step for controlling AD. Regular consumption of healthy diet containing curcumin enriched foods, moderate exercise, and regular sleep may produce beneficial effects not only on motor and cognitive functions, but also on memory deficits that occur to some extent during normal aging and to a large extent in AD. Delaying the onset and progression of AD and improving its symptoms by few years with regular consumption of curcumin may relieve some of the burden on health care systems. In service of this goal, this volume gives readers a comprehensive and cutting edge description of the importance of curcumin for the treatment of AD in cell culture and animal models in a manner that is useful not only to students and teachers but also to researchers, dietitians, nutritionists and physicians. It can be used as supplement text for a range of neuroscience and nutrition courses. Clinicians, neuroscientists, neurologists and pharmacologists will find this book useful for understanding molecular aspects of AD treatment by curcumin.

Focuses on the effects of natural products and their active components on brain function and neurodegenerative disease prevention. Phytochemicals such as alkaloids, terpenes, flavanoids, isoflavones, saponins etc are known to possess protective activity against many neurological diseases. The molecular mechanisms behind the curative effects rely mainly on the action of phytonutrients on distinct signaling pathways associated with protein folding and neuro-inflammation. The diverse array of bioactive nutrients present in these natural products plays a pivotal role in prevention and cure of various neurodegenerative diseases, disorders, or insults, such as Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease, Huntington's Disease, traumatic brain injury, and other neuronal dysfunctions. However, the use of these antioxidants in the management of neurodegenerative conditions has so far been not well understood. This is a comprehensive collection addressing the effects on the brain of natural productsand edible items such as reservatrol, curcumin, gingerol, fruits, vegetables, nuts, and marine products.

This stimulating analysis reviews the broad potential of animal models to foster a deeper understanding of human pathology, strengthen connections between genetic and behavioral studies, and develop more effective treatments for mental disorders. Widely-studied and lesser-used species are examined in models that capture features along the continuum of normative and pathological behavior. The models highlight genetic causes of core features, or endophenotypes, of developmental, internalizing, and externalizing disorders, as well as dementia. Expert contributors address questions ranging from how suitable species are chosen for study to the costs and benefits of using inbred versus outbred strains, and the effects of housing environment on subject animals. Larger issues addressed include how to evaluate the applicability of animal behavioral models to the human condition and how these models can harness emerging molecular technologies to further our understanding of the genetic basis ofmental illness.Included in the coverage:Mating and fighting in Drosophila.Attachment and social bonding.Impulsivity in rodents and humans.Animal models of cognitive decline.Animal models of social cognition.Future directions for animal models in behavioral genetics.A detailed map of where this evolving field is headed, Animal Models of Behavior Genetics shows geneticists, molecular biologists, and cognitive neuroscientists paths beyond established concepts toward a more knowledgeable and collaborative future.

This book brings together the most up-to-date information on recent research results of leading laboratories on aging science in East Asia, particularly in Japan, Korea, and Hong Kong. Starting with a comprehensive overview of various hypotheses on biological mechanisms of aging by Dr. Sataro Goto, each chapter covers broad aspects of the most recent findings in aging-related topics: centenarian studies and genome analysis of progeria, metabolic biochemistry and neurobiology, longevity controls in yeast and nematodes, oxidative stress and calorie restriction, and neurodegeneration mechanisms in Alzheimer's and Huntington's diseases, with further potential therapeutic approaches to these age-related neurodegenerative diseases. Also included, in part, is a summary and the outcomes of a scientific discussion forum called the Asian Aging Core for Longevity (AACL) that has been held annually alternating between Japan and Korea during the last decade. This book can serve as a useful resource for finding appropriate collaborators in the areas it covers. The target readership is made up of graduate students and researchers at universities, medical and/or life-science schools, and biomedical and pharmaceutical institutes. Why does aging exist? How do we age? How is each organism's lifespan determined? These are fundamental questions in the field. We may be still far from achieving a complete view of aging mechanisms, but this book, Aging Mechanisms, offers an excellent opportunity to become familiar with the most updated progress in the biomedical research of aging in Japan and Korea, the two leading nations for human longevity.

This book is a comprehensive overview of the clinical and scientific aspects of Autism from the leading experts in the field. The clinical section covers everything from epidemiological features to epigenetic regulation to behavioral therapies and much in between. The basic science section presents the latest knowledge on the underlying causes of the disorder including the role of various neurotransmitters, neurexins and neuroligins, reelin, and other proteins. Chapters also explore the cognition and motor control in autism and the connection between oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction and autism. The thorough description of these underlying causes may help researchers and clinicians find more effective treatments and therapies for the 1 in 68 American children who have been diagnosed with Autism.

Psychiatric disorders are one of the most dramatic burdens for humankind. The role of immune dysfunction in the pathophysiology of these disorders has emerged during the last years, because there has been tremendous progress in psychoneuroimmunological research. Many results are presented here by pioneers in the field. The book addresses various effects of the immune system on the pathophysiology and course of psychiatric disorders and highlights the possible future impact on treatment decisions of various psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia and depression. The contributions cover the role of in utero immune challenges on the development of schizophrenia, the role of infections, and autoimmune diseases and mild immune activation in the development of depression and schizophrenia, the influence of immune responses in other disorders such as Tourette's, Alzheimer's, and OCD, the connections between mental and physical pain as well as between anti-inflammatory and antipsychotic drugs.​