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Genomic technologies provide the means of diagnosis and management of many human diseases. Without insights from cytogenetics, correct interpretation of modern high-throughput results is difficult, if not impossible. This book summarizes applications of cytogenetics and molecular cytogenetics for students, clinicians and researchers in genetics, genomics and diagnostics. The book combines the state-of-the-art knowledge and practical expertise from leading researchers and clinicians and provides a comprehensive overview of current medical and research applications of many of these technologies.KEY FEATURES• Provides clear summaries of fluorescence in situ hybridization technologies and others• Comprehensively covers established and emerging methods• Chapters from an international team of leading researchers• Useful for students, researchers and clinicians

Arthropods are important to worldwide agriculture, food safety, human health, and energy production. Besides their practical significance, various species represent excellent model systems for biological investigations of evolution, development, physiology, reproduction, and social interaction. For these reasons, arthropod genomics is receiving inc

This book, like the two previous editions, was written as an introduction to human cytogenetics, but it could also be used as a text for a general cytogenetics course, since chromosome structure and behavior are similar in all eukaryotes. Many examples in this book are from organisms other than humans, reflecting our combined backgrounds of molecular and bacterial genetics, and plant and animal cytogenetics. In the rapidly expanding field of human cytogenetics, certain subjects, for instance clinical and cancer cytogenetics, are now covered in recently published, thousand-page volumes. In this book, such subjects are presented only in outline. The enormous growth of information has also made the choice of topics and of examples to illustrate them even more arbitrary and subjective than in the previous editions. Apart from a few pages here and there, the text has been rewritten. Major parts, especially those on molecular matters, have been added. This book would not exist without the dedicated participation of Mrs. Barbara Susman. She has been involved in the project from the planning stages to the final proofreading. She has done the extensive literature research, designed most of the tables and illustrations, and edited and typed the text. For discussions and suggestions we are indebted to many colleagues. We wish especially to mention Drs. Lassi Alvesalo, Evelyn M. Kuhn, and Renata Laxova, who have critically read selected parts of the book, and Dr. Carter Denniston, who has read the whole text.

Research is fast paced and advances in RNA interference have recently opened up new opportunities for genetic experiments in human cell lines. However, the possibility to easily modify the genome still remains a powerful tool to investigate the function of coding and regulatory sequences in the vertebrate genome. DT40 has never been a quick and easy road to fame. It would be unfair to blame this on DT40 as it has proven to be a reliable and robust companion with fast doubling time, easy clonability and a relatively stable karyotype. If this model system is going to flourish over the next 15 years, it will be thanks to ingenious and original researchers. They may feel as if they work outside the mainstream, but they can take heart by the fact that only the clever exploitation of diversity and conservation makes biological research both elegant and rewarding. It is with this in mind that the DT40 handbook has been conceived and written. This book provides an up to date overview of the different facets of research, and also intends to help newcomers get started and avoid looming pitfalls. The collection of protocols which have been kindly provided by a number of laboratories will be particularly useful in this regard.

Eukaryotic Cell Genetics reviews the state of knowledge in somatic cell genetics. The book begins by discussing the development of somatic cell genetics, focusing on the estimation of mutation rates in mammalian cells, with frequent reference to the use of drug resistance as a selective character. It then considers some of the specific properties of such variants in order to understand their molecular basis. The subsequent chapters examine the properties of specific types of auxotrophic variants; the means by which eukaryotic cells may be reassembled to give rise to viable cellular composites; gene regulation in eukaryotic organisms; and chromosome mapping. The discussions also include differentiation in cultured cells; neoplastic transformation; the modulation of gene expression in cultured cells; mutation induction in cultured cells; applications of cell culture; and the mechanism of cellular aging. This book is intended for researchers in the fields of genetics and molecular biology, nonspecialists interested in what is happening in a very exciting area of biology, and students at the graduate level in cell biology.

International Series of Monographs on Pure and Applied Biology, Volume 10: Oogenesis: The Storage of Developmental Information focuses on the processes, reactions, and transformations involved in oogenesis. The book first offers information on embryonic development as a communication problem, formation of the egg cells, and the egg nucleus during oogenesis. Topics include decoding of developmental information, egg membranes, oogenesis, phase of nuclear activity, cytochemistry of the nucleus, and the egg cell. The manuscript also ponders on the cytoplasm and its inclusions and the relationships between the egg cell and the auxiliary cells. The text elaborates on the metabolism of the oocyte, cortex, and polarity and symmetry. The book also examines the storage of developmental information and information theory and biology. Genotypical information, physical foundation of developmental biology, and information and finality are discussed. The manuscript is a dependable reference for readers interested in oogenesis.

Gene Activity in Early Development, Second Edition is devoted to gene activity in early development, considering the estimates of RNA and protein synthesis rates, complexities, and amounts. A quantitative treatment of some of the key classes of macromolecules in early embryos and oocytes is also offered. This edition is organized into eight chapters and begins with an overview of the variable gene activity theory of cell differentiation, emphasizing the transcription level regulation as the fundamental process underlying differentiation and development. The following chapters explore the genome regulation of embryogenesis, differential embryo cell function, and transcription and protein synthesis in early embryos. The reader is also introduced to direct measurements regarding the DNA sequences transcribed during early development and localization of morphogenetic determinants in egg cytoplasm. The book concludes with a discussion of the structure of lampbrush chromosomes and the synthesis of heterogeneous nuclear and messenger RNAs during oogenesis. This book will prove useful to students as well as established researchers interested in developmental genetics.

Cytogenetics of Cells in Culture documents the proceedings of a symposium that aimed to not only establish guideposts to the direction of the most recent progress in the rapidly developing field of cybegenetics, but to cross-pollinate, in the best Mendelian tradition, the thinking of widely recognized leaders in this field with the current ideas of their colleagues, within the intimacy of this small meeting. The contributors to this symposium emphasized (1) new techniques to detect patterns of DNA replication, to better understand cellular control mechanisms, and to perform chromosome analyses with automated instrumentation; (2) the effects of cell hybridization and of noxious substances such as radiation, chemical agents, and viruses on chromosomal patterns; and (3) the influence of altered chromosomal complement on the survival of cells to long-term tissue culture or to ionizing radiation treatment. It is hoped that the products of the many stimulating discussions which ensued during the 3-day gatherings will stimulate increased vigor and proliferation of research by the participants. It is further hoped that the publication of this volume will infect the reader with new concepts and ideas which will eventually broaden views of cytogenetics.

Genetics of Sex Differentiation intends to help readers understand the genetic basis of sex differentiation. The book focuses on explaining how the sex chromosomes affect the process of sex differentiation by influencing the rates at which cells divide. The book is composed of seven chapters. It provides overviews of classical genetics and structure of cells. It also explains the chromosomal basis of sex determination and sex determination using Drosophila. Polygenetics and continuous and quasicontinuous variations are also discussed. The book also discusses sex factors, determination, and disorders. Moreover, it explains the heterochromatin, embryological basis of sex differentiation, and triploidy and autosomal effects. In addition, it discusses the relationship of genes, chromosomes, growth, and sex. The book is an excellent''bedside book''for students in biology, specifically in genetics and developmental biology. Lecturers and professionals in biology and genetics will also find this book invaluable for their practice.

Cytogenetics of Aneuploids deals with the cytogenetic aspects of aneuploidy in plants, emphasizing the trisomics, monosomics, and nullisomics and cytogenetics of substitution lines as well as alien additions and substitutions. An account of aneuploidy in animals and man is also given. This volume is organized into 12 chapters and begins with an overview of terminology and chromosomal formulas, along with a brief history of the cytogenetics of aneuploids as a field of enquiry. The next chapters review the entire literature on trisomics, their sources, cytology, transmission rates, genetics, morphology, anatomy, physiology, and biochemistry. The discussion then shifts to monosomics and nullisomics, including their sources and cytology as well as breeding behavior, morphology, and genetic studies. Other uses of monosomics and nullisomics are considered. The following chapters deal with intervarietal substitutions and alien additions and substitutions, emphasizing different methods of producing substitution lines and their utility in genetic analysis and practical plant breeding programs. The book concludes by describing special features of aneuploidy in animals and highlighting specific cases of aneuploidy in the animal kingdom. This book will be of interest to plant breeders and geneticists.