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Toxins: Animal, Plant and Microbial is a collection of materials from the proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on Animal, Plant, and Microbial toxins, held in Costa Rica in August 1976. The book deals with research done on reptiles, arthropods, marine, fresh water, amphibia, plants, bacteria, and multispecies focusing on topics such as biology, anatomy, immunology, bio-chemistry, physiology, and pharmacology. The paper starts with the feeding methods and diet for snakes that will be used for venom collection. Another paper describes the venom apparatus and amount of venom yields of the snake Hydrophiidae. The book also describes the ultrastructure of the skin of the soapfish Grammistes sexlineatus, known to release an irritating substance when threatened or disturbed. One paper presents the effect of toxins derived from the scorpion venom on neuromuscular transmission, while another study describes anti-scorpion serum and antivenin with a corresponding table representing the correct serum dosage. The book then presents a method to use for quantitative separation and analysis of certain mycotoxins that can be present in foodstuffs. One paper also addresses the effects of mycotoxins on immunity levels, such as lowered resistance to diseases, interference with acquired immunity, and changes in antibody production. Chemists, students and professors in organic chemistry, and laboratory technicians whose work is related to pharmacology and toxicology will find this book relevant.

Biology of Benthic Organisms contains papers presented at the 11th European Symposium on Marine Biology, held at Galway, Ireland in October 1976. The collection contains 63 papers discussing the biological aspects of benthic organisms. The authors, mostly marine biologists, provide articles discussing their studies of marine life from different bodies of water from around the world. Topics on community structures of soft-bottom macrofauna in different parts of the Baltic; studies on anaerobic nitrogen fixation in the sediments of two Scottish sea-lochs; distribution of benthic phyto- and zoocoenoses along a light gradient in a superficial marine cave; and structural features of a North Adriatic benthic community are discussed in detail. Marine biologists, botanists, zoologists, and biologists will find the book invaluable.

Advances in the Biosciences 8 is a collection of papers presented in a workshop on'Mechanisms and Prospects of Genetic Exchange, sponsored by Schering Pharma AG, held in Berlin, Germany in 1972. The book presents various research works from various scientific disciplines in line with the workshop's theme. The workshop is organized into 3 sessions. Session I: Genetic Exchange at the Molecular Level discusses such topics as enzymology of genetic recombination; studies on transcription and ligation of RNA; and expression and integration of viral DNA in animal cells. Session II: Genetic Exchange at the Cellular and Organelle Level covers topics on germinal cell membranes; application of cell fusion techniques to the study of mammalian embryology; and correction of genetic defects in cultured mammalian cells. The last session, titled'Present and Future Application to Medical Practice provides the summary and conclusion of the workshop and certain topics on the therapy of genetic diseases in man and the possible place of genetic engineering; and cellular engineering as an approach to the treatment of genetically determined disease. Molecular biologists, geneticists, cell biologists, biophysicists, immunologists and other experts in allied fields will find the compendium interesting.

A Handbook on Biotelemetry and Radio Tracking presents the proceedings of an International Conference on Telemetry and Radio Tracking in Biology and Medicine, held in The University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K. on March 20–22, 1979. This book illustrates the advances connected with every aspect of biotelemetry and radio tracking. Organized into five parts encompassing 101 chapters, this compilation of papers begins with an overview of the method that allows assessment or control of biological parameters from animals, subjects, and patients with comparatively little disturbance and restraint. This text then examines radio telemetry as a system for telemetry or communications over great distances. Other chapters consider better transmitter design and construction of radio tracking. This book discusses as well telemetric measurements of hemodynamic response to driving in coronary patients. The final chapter deals with the study of the coastal movements of Atlantic salmon tagged with ultrasonic transmitters. This book is a valuable resource for biological researchers and ecologists.

The Entomology of Radiation Disinfestation of Grain presents how the irradiation process can fit into the handling techniques of that industry with a minimum of disturbance of normal procedures. The book presents papers on the susceptibility of the grain and rice weevils, Sitophilus granarius (L.) and Sitophilus zeamais to gamma radiation; the susceptibility of laboratory and wild strains of the grain weevil Sitophilus granarius to Gamma Radiation; and the influence of temperature upon the radiation susceptibility of Sitophilus granaries. The text also includes papers on the effects of continuous and fractionated doses of gamma radiation on the survival and fertility of Sitophilus granarius; the effect of culture environment on the susceptibility of Sitophilus granarius to gamma radiation; and the control of weevil populations with sterilizing and substerilizing doses of gamma radiation. The effect of rearing medium on the susceptibility of Tribolium confusum Duv. and sitophilus granarius to gamma radiation; and the susceptibility of the confused flour beetle, the rust-red flour beetle, the saw-toothed grain beetle, and of Australian strains of Sitophilus and Tribolium species to gamma radiation are also considered. Entomologists will find the book useful.

Animal Toxins is a collection of papers that tackles the advancement in studies that aim to enhance the contemporary understanding of animal toxins. The materials in the text are organized according to the organism they cover. The first section tackles the concerns with venomous arthropods, such as the structure of the venom gland of the black widow spider Latrodectus mactans and the biochemical-immunochemical aspects of the venom from the scorpion Centruroides sculpturatus. Next, articles about poisonous marine animals are presented, which include differentiation of the poisons of fish, shellfish, and plankton and block of sensory nerve conduction in the cat by mussel poison and tetrodotoxin. In Section III, the selection reviews papers about snakes and amphibians, such as epidemiological methods in studying venomous snakebites and chemistry of cytotoxic substances in amphibian toxins. The book will be of great interest to toxicologists, zoologists, and biochemists.

The Role of Water in Agriculture focuses on the role of water in British agriculture. This book discusses the growing importance of hydrological science and agricultural hydrology. Organized into 14 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the problems of accurate rainfall measurement and its importance to agriculture. This text then presents a comprehensive study of the sources of error in agricultural water budgets. Other chapters consider the progress reports on two catchment studies and a report on the effect of agricultural treatments on water availability in the soil. This book discusses as well the sediment yields from forested and agricultural lands on an international basis. The final chapter deals with a summary of the discussions with conclusions and implications. This book is a valuable resource for hydrologists, geographers, meteorologists, agricultural scientists, applied biologists, plant physiologists, and pedologists. Engineers, administrators, and advisers will also find this book useful.

Oxidases and Related Redox Systems is a collection of papers from the Third International Symposium on Oxidases and Related Reduction Systems held in Albany, New York on July 3-7, 1979. This book deals with the oxygen and peroxide activating enzymes field. The book addresses electron transfer related to oxygen biochemistry by comparing quantum, semiclassical, and classical methods of electron transfer reactions. Several papers then discuss the active and toxic states of oxygen and superoxide as the discovery of superoxide dismutase activity of erythrocuprein can provide a means to studying oxygen reaction in biological systems. One paper then compares the active sites of molluskan and arthropodan hemocyanins, which are known as reversible oxygen-carriers. The result of this study is presented in a table. Other papers discuss the flavin catalyzed reactions of molecular oxygen and the implications of the physiological function of D-amino acid oxidase from inhibition studies. The book then explains the role of carbon monoxide in the reaction mechanism of oxygen with cytochrome oxidase. This collection will prove beneficial for research students and professors in the field of biochemistry and chemical physics.

Data Acquisition and Processing in Biology and Medicine, Volume 3, documents the proceedings of the 1963 conference at the University of Rochester. The volume begins with the keynote address of the Frank W. McKee of the University of Rochester Medical Center that focused on the issue of continuing education, and the keynote address of Max A. Woodbury, Professor of Experimental Neurology, New York University Medical School, about the impact of biological computation. This is followed by the papers presented during the six sessions held during the conference. Session I contains papers on the value of computers to physicians and hospitals. Session II deals with on computer diagnosis. Session III is devoted to computer applications in psychiatry and psychophysiology. Session IV focuses on information retrieval. Session V covers the potential and limitations of computer processing and analysis. Session VI includes studies on modeling and pattern recognition. Transcripts of discussions of the papers presented during each session are also provided.

The Provision and Use of Library and Documentation Services is a collection of papers that deals with library interdependent considerations of use and service. One paper discusses the value, organization, and exploitation of trade literature, citing the importance of maintaining a file of trade catalogues to narrow the gap between industrial activity and academic research. Another paper reports a high library membership (80% - 100%) on a survey of library provision and services in four correctional institutions in London. The author notes that professional advice should also be available to help the prisoner read effectively. One author reviews the library services for undergraduates particularly problems of inadequate services and facilities. Other authors discuss the pattern of borrowing in several libraries which generalizes the borrowing behavior of academic communities, such as the rising levels of foreign language and'off-subject'borrowing. Of interest is one author's analysis of the way scientists use libraries in terms of finding information, reading, and use of facilities. His conclusion: scientists have no clear-cut opinion on the best method of acquiring information. This book is suitable for librarians, administrators of private or public library systems, for students and academicians in the field of library science.

Proteinases and their Inhibitors: Structure, Function, and Applied Aspects documents the proceedings of an international symposium organized by the Department of Biochemistry, Jozef Stefan Institute, E. Kardelj University, Ljubljana, and the Department of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Zagreb, held in Portoroz, Yugoslavia, September 29-October 3, 1980. The volume contains 34 papers that are organized into four parts. Part I on biological functions includes studies such as muscle protein breakdown in human catabolic state and age-dependent changes in intracellular protein turnover. The papers in Part II, which deals with properties and structure of enzymes, cover topics such as structures and biological functions of cathepsin B and L; and human erythrocytes peptidases. Part III is devoted to industrial applications, such as exogenous proteinases in dairy technology and the application of immobilized proteinases. Part IV on proteinase inhibitors includes papers on thiol inhibitors of proteases and and intracellular neutral proteinases and inhibitors. The papers in this volume provide new data, concepts, and visions which will not only prove useful, but will also stimulate further investigations of proteinases and their inhibitors.

Biological Monitoring in Water Pollution focuses on the processes, methodologies, and experiments involved in monitoring water pollution. Divided into six parts, the selection features the contributions of authors who have devoted time and energy in advancing biological monitoring to measure pollution in water. The first part is a review paper that focuses on the strengths of biological monitoring relative to the detection of harmful conditions. This part stresses that biological monitoring has received considerable attention. The second part deals with review papers on biological monitoring. The discussions focused on the identification of problem; the review of functional methods; community and ecosystem indices used in biomonitoring; and structure and function relationships relative to ecosystem stress. The third part covers the application of community structural analysis to biomonitoring programs. This part puts emphasis on the need to develop methods to identify community structures relative to the conduct of ecological research. Other parts of the selection are devoted to toxicity testing and discussions on the monitoring of waste discharges and introduction of chemicals to the environment. Experiments and models are presented to support the claims of the authors. The book can be a valuable source of information for those interested in the monitoring of water pollution.

Problems of the Agricultural Development of Less-Favoured Areas in Europe is a collection of papers from a symposium of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe and Food and Agriculture Organization held in Geneva on May 22-26, 1978. This collection of papers covers European countries with areas where agricultural development is limited. This book defines less-favored agricultural areas as those places where there is limited agricultural development, of different sizes and economic and social importance. These areas are also defined as suffering serious deterioration of the natural environment and of economic and social activities. This book then presents country reports covering problem areas in Austria, Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Finland, France, and Germany. In reviewing each of these countries, and other countries as well, the text presents each government's objectives concerning the rural areas, the actual strategies and policies pursued by the state, and the problems encountered when implementing these policies. This text also gives the methodologies used in evaluating these programs. This book can prove useful for government officials and ministries dealing with the agricultural sector, heads of volunteer organizations dealing with countryside development, and academicians in political science and developmental planning.

Life Sciences and Space Research, Volume XVIII is a collection of articles on space biology. The book describes the presence of organic molecules found in interstellar space, comets, and meteorites. The text also addresses the role of comets in giving rise to new studies in cometary chemistry, as the source of plasma, or as supplying the mechanism for the formation of amino acids, glycine, and guanine. One paper addresses the possibility of life on the planet Mars touching on chemical reactions of nutrient compound decay and other physio-chemical changes. The book also notes the contribution of cometary volatiles to the study of the primitive earth plus the possible role of metal ions and clays in prebiotic chemistry. Other papers discuss radiation biology concerning both radiobiological results from experiments done in spaceflight and ground laboratories such as the degeneration of rabbit tissues after heavy irradiation. The book then evaluates gravitational biology, including topics such as physiological reactions during acute adaptation to reduced gravity; land plant evolution and gravity; and the development of Polyporus brumalis basidomycete, a kind of fungi, in conditions of weightlessness. Molecular biologists, space engineers, biologists, meteorologists, and genetic engineers will find this book highly valuable.

Chironomidae: Ecology, Systematics Cytology and Physiology contains the proceedings of the Seventh International Symposium on Chironomidae held in Dublin in August 1979. Separating 47 papers presented in the symposium as chapters, this book focuses on Chironomidae cytology and physiology; systematics and geographic distribution; and ecology, including aspects of lotic, lentic, and pollution biology. Some papers discuss in vitro translation of Balbiani ring RNA from Chironomus tentans; the hemoglobin synthesizing tissue of Chironomus; basic patterns in chromosome evolution of the genus Chironomus (Diptera); taxonomic problems in Holarctic Chironomidae; and importance of the Chironomidae (Diptera) in biological surveillance.

Heating in Toroidal Plasmas, Volume 1 documents the proceedings of the symposium held at the Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires, Grenoble, France, on July 3-7, 1978. This volume compiles 52 articles that are thematically grouped in this publication. The first two sets of papers focus on the general theory and topics on neutral beam injection. The subsequent group of papers studies heating at ion cyclotron- and lower frequencies. A bulk of papers compiled in this volume examines lower hybrid resonance heating. The remaining set of papers is devoted to electron cyclotron heating. This volume will be invaluable to physics students and others interested in studying plasma, specifically the method of heating in toroidal plasmas.

Regulatory Proteolytic Enzymes and Their Inhibitors consists of contributed papers from the 11th Meeting of the Federation of European Biochemical Societies in Copenhagen in 1977. This collection describes the role of proteases in the physiological regulation, a matter of the activation and de-activation of enzymes. The text also discusses the activation mechanism of pepsinogen and other acid protease zymogens. One paper reviews a discovery — that of a separate and distinct class of precursors, the pre-secretary proteins, and then discusses other studies on preproinsulin. The text then discusses the primary structures and presumed functions of immunoglobulin precursors. Another paper continues with the work of Reich and co-workers who found that transformation of cultured fibroblasts from different species by oncogenic viruses is related to the production and release of proteases that are responsible in activating the proenzyme plasminogen into plasmin. Another paper discusses plasminogen activation as having some relationship with pathological processes. The book also reviews the plasminogen activator secretion by normal and neoplastic human tissues. The text discusses the results when primary cultures established from biopsies of normal kidneys secreted plasminogen activators in amounts over those secreted by actual malignant tissues. The book then notes the role of neutral and acid proteinases in male reproduction and the role of plasminogen activators in female ovulation. This collection can be useful for micro-biologists, research biologists, molecular scientists, and students of molecular biology.

Proceedings of a Conference on Radiobiology at the Intra-Cellular Level provides the papers presented during the first U.C.L.A. Conference on Radiobiology, held at Catalina Island in September 1957. The compendium is comprised of research papers from a diverse group of scientists that explore the phenomena which take place in irradiated cells. The topics covered during the meeting include the radio sensitivity of the model cell; the chemical action of ionizing radiations and radiobiological effects; the sensitivity of different cells in the same organism; and the interactions between cells and tissues following radiation. Radiobiologists, cytologists, and biophysicists will find the book very insightful.

Oxygen in the Animal Organism is a compilation of papers presented during the symposium on Oxygen in the Animal Organism, jointly sponsored by the International Union of Biochemistry and the International Union of Physiological Sciences, held at Bedford College, London in September 1963. The book provides a multidisciplinary approach to the study of the subject of oxygen in the animal organism. The papers presented cover a wide range of facts and hypotheses on the subject. Topics discussed include studies in the transport of oxygen; the fundamental physics and chemistry of oxygen; the diffusion of oxygen from the capillaries to the mitochondria; the neural and humoral components to the regulation of ventilation; and the evolution of biochemical pathways for oxygen. Biologists, biochemists, biophysicists, physiologists, and researchers will find the text informative and insightful.

Biosynthesis of Aromatic Compounds is a collection of papers from the Proceedings of the Second Meeting of the Federation of European Biochemical Societies in Vienna, on April 21-24, 1965. This volume is based on lectures given at the symposium and covers the studies made on the biosynthesis of aromatic compounds. The first part discusses the biosynthetic intermediates in polyketide biosynthesis in connection with the biosynthesis of fatty acids; it also notes the biosynthesis of coumarins that form from derivatives of carbohydrate metabolism. Other results concerning the biosynthesis of benzoic acids and on compounds such as substituted benzaldehydes and benzylalcohols are presented. Another paper shows that when species of mycobacteria are grown under iron-deficient conditions, salicylic acid can be produced. The second part focuses on studies made on the biosynthesis of aromatic compounds that contain hetero atoms. The formation of aromatic systems in alkaloids and the biosynthesis of some alkaloids based on aromatic precursors are analyzed. The book explains that some flavor compounds such as mustard oils are the product of enzymatic hydrolysis of thioglucosides, and then notes that the biogenetic schemes of Mentzer et al. concerning another study are not suitable as working hypotheses. This collection can be read profitably by chemists, biochemists, and academicians involved in aromatic compound researches.

Fate and Effects of Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Marine Organisms and Ecosystems is a collection of papers presented at the international symposium by the same title, held at the Olympic Hotel in Seattle, Washington on November 10-12, 1976. This book is organized into three parts encompassing 46 chapters. Part I deals with the inputs and physical transport processes influencing the distribution and composition of petroleum hydrocarbons in marine systems. Part II discusses the bioaccumulation and metabolism of hydrocarbons by marine organisms. Part III contains papers that tackle the biological and ecological effects of petroleum exposure in marine systems. This book is of great value to marine and environmental scientists and researchers.

Growth Factors: Cellular Growth Processes, Growth Factors, Hormonal Control of Growth is a compilation of papers from the 11th Meeting of the Federation of European Biochemical Societies in Copenhagen in 1977. The book explains the process that leads to cell replication in vitro and to actual growth in vivo. One paper then examines the use of a combined method to analyze growth control in a culture specimen. Another paper notes the evidence favoring the hypotheses that a delicately regulated increase in the amount of adenine and guanine nucleotide can affect significantly the metabolic pattern of cells that are likely to begin a new mitotic cycle. The book also discusses the possibility that natural polyamines can serve as growth factors and regulate cell growth in some microorganisms and in cell lines of animal origin. Consequently, the use of polyamine measurements to diagnose markers in human malignancies is one practical application of polyamine metabolism. The book also explains the effect of collagen on the chondrogenic differentiation of somite and limb bud mesenchyme on the biochemical processes in bone and cartilage formation. Another paper then discusses the effects of sex hormones on the growth of normal tissues, particularly on lean and fat tissues. The book can prove useful for biologists, chemists, biochemists, and academicians interested in cellular microbiology.

Agrochemicals in Soils contains selected papers from a joint meeting of the Soil Chemistry, Soil Fertility, and Soil Clay Mineralogy Commissions of the International Society of Soil Science, in Jerusalem, Israel. The book is organized into four parts. Parts 1 and 2 deal mostly with the chemical reactions of agrochemicals in the soil. Part 3 explores the movement of agrochemicals in the soil and Part 4 elucidates some aspects of agrochemicals and pollution. Each section begins by one or two invited papers presenting an overview of the topic of the section. Contributed papers follow reporting the results of experimental studies and theoretical analyses of related specific topics. This book will contribute to a better understanding and efficient control of the soil environment.

Commentaries in Plant Science, Volume 2 is a collection of papers that reviews developments in the pure and applied science of plants. One paper discusses the role of supercooling in the winter survival mechanism of and ecological distribution of many plant communities. Another paper evaluates the Cholodny-Went theory of shoot geotropism that there is strong evidence in auxin redistribution occurring in a rapid manner to cause geotropic curvature. The magnitude of auxin redistribution is too rare to cause differential growth. Some insect pests have specific nutritional requirements and well-developed mechanisms for selecting their plant host. One paper enumerates the benefits of using insect-resistant host plant varieties, such as the non-incurrence of extra costs, these are environmentally safe, and are compatible with most other methods of pest control. Another paper discusses the nature and possible genetic manipulation of a complex bacteria, the actinomycetes, as well as its role as antibiotic producer. Another paper examines the nature of seed storage proteins and of the cellular processes that are related in their synthesis and deposition especially in cereals and legume. This collection is suitable for botanists, genecologists, taxonomists, biologists, and investigators whose works involve cell membrane research.

Processing and Turnover of Proteins and Organelles in the Cell is a collection of papers that tackles the problems of post-translational processes, along with the dynamics of cell components. The materials in the title are organized thematically. The text first presents articles dealing with post-translational processing, such as the mode of anchoring of sucrase-isomaltase to the small intestinal brush-border membrane and its biosynthetic implications, as well as the decay and restoring in succinate dehydrogenase. The next papers discuss topics related to the selective degradation of proteins, such as selective control of proteinase action in yeast cells and studies of the mechanism and selectivity of intracellular protein breakdown. The final set of papers covers the turnover of organelles, which includes biogenesis and turnover of peroxisomes, and the effect of oxygen on the synthesis of mitochondrial proteins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The book will be of great use to microbiologists and biochemists. Scientists from biological science disciplines will also benefit from the text.

Methods in Polyphenol Chemistry documents the proceedings of the Plant Phenolics Group Symposium held at the University of Oxford, on 2-4 April 1963. The symposium focused on the methods and techniques which made advances in the chemistry and biochemistry of phenolic compounds possible. The development of paper chromatographic and ultraviolet spectroscopic techniques was particularly important and largely responsible for the rapid growth in knowledge of polyphenols which has occurred during the last 10-15 years. In addition to these two methods other spectroscopic techniques were dealt with at the symposium. Particular mention should perhaps be made of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy which is becoming increasingly important in polyphenol chemistry. Modern chromatographic methods such as thin layer and gas-liquid techniques will probably be used extensively in the future. These will enable the analyses of polyphenol mixtures to be carried out more rapidly and with greater resolution. Polyamide chromatography also has high powers of resolution, although this technique has not been widely used owing to difficulties in obtaining supplies of polyamide powder. This situation has now improved, however.

Natural Toxins presents the proceedings of the 6th International Symposium on Animal, Plant and Microbial Toxins, held in Uppsala, Sweden on August 1979. This book presents the methods for detection, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases that natural toxins cause. Organized into 17 parts encompassing 84 chapters, this compilation of papers begins with an overview of the embryonic development, structure, and function of the compound oral glands of venomous and non-venomous snakes in comparison with other exocrine glands. This text then examines the occupational hazards of snakebites in both agriculture and fishing in the Asian areas. Other chapters consider the toxicity and immunological relationships among venoms of several Agkistrodon species. This book discusses as well the characterization of cytotoxins and their mechanisms of action upon model lipid and cell membrane systems. The final chapter deals with neurotoxins as tools for the characterization of molecular components involved in nerve impulse propagation. This book is a valuable resource for biochemists, toxicologists, and pharmacologists.

Life Sciences and Space Research, Volume XVII contains the proceedings of the Open Meeting of the Working Group on Space Biology of the Twenty-first Plenary Meeting of COSPAR, held in Innsbruck, Austria, from May 29 to June 10, 1978 and of the Symposium on Gravitational Physiology which also took place in Innsbruck, Austria, on June 2 and 3, 1978. The papers review the results of research in the life sciences with respect to space biology, including chemical data returned from the Viking Lander experiments. The engineering design of biologically closed ecological systems suitable for very long term space flight or space colonies is also described. This volume is comprised of 41 chapters and begins with a discussion on closed regenerative life support systems for space travel and their implications for ecological science. Subsequent chapters examine closed ecology in space from a bioengineering perspective; technology requirements for nonterrestrial ecosystems; carbon suboxide polymer as an explanation for the wave of darkening observed on Mars; and volcanism and soil mercury on Mars, along with their consequences for terrestrial microorganisms. The next sections focus on the biology of extreme environments such as Central Antarctica, radiation biology in space, and gravitational physiology in relation to humans and animals. This book will be of interest to space scientists, space biologists, and those engaged in the life sciences, space research, molecular biophysics, biochemistry, and physiology.

Phase and Caste Determination in Insects: Endocrine Aspects is a collection of papers presented at a Symposium of the Section Physiology and Biochemistry of the XV International Congress of Entomology, held in Washington, D.C. in 1976. Contributors explore the endocrine aspects of phase and caste differentiation in insects, with emphasis on the crucial roles of juvenile hormone (JH) and queen bee determinator. This book is comprised of 11 chapters and begins with a discussion on the role of JH in caste formation in honey bees, bumblebees, and termites. Subsequent chapters explore environmental, genetic, and endocrine influences in caste determination in the stingless bee; endocrine control over caste differentiation in higher termites and Myrmicine ants; the influence of external factors on hormone effects in termite caste determination; and the role of JH in the polymorphism of aphids. The final chapter deals with the regulation of aphid polymorphism by neurosecretory cells. This monograph will be a valuable resource for entomologists, endocrinologists, physiologists, and biochemists as well as insect enthusiasts.

Perspectives in Experimental Biology, Volume 1: Zoology contains the proceedings of the 50th Anniversary Meeting of the Society for Experimental Biology, held at the University of Cambridge, UK, on July 16-19, 1974. The papers explore research in zoology and cover a wide range of topics such as osmotic and ionic regulation; invertebrate and insect physiology; respiratory physiology; and cell chemistry. Comprised of 43 chapters, this volume begins with an introduction to the history of the Society for Experimental Biology, followed by a discussion on calcium metabolism and acid-base balance in Helix pomatia. Subsequent chapters explore water movement in cells and tissues; ion transport and osmoregulation in marine fish; hormonal control of reproduction in cephalopods; and how hormones affect flight in the locust. Other sections focus on the temperature dependence of the respiratory activity of mitochondria; biochemical mechanisms of tissue injury; laser light scattering from nerve and motile cells; transmitter release from insect motoneurons; and neural consequences of early experience in birds. The final section is devoted to animal locomotion and includes chapters that address undulatory swimming in polychaetes and energy storage in jumping animals. This book is intended for research workers and undergraduates interested in experimental biology.

Advances in the Biosciences 6: Schering Symposium on Intrinsic and Extrinsic Factors in Early Mammalian Development, Venice, April 20 to 23, 1970 is a collection of papers presented at the Schering Symposium on Intrinsic and Extrinsic Factors in Early Mammalian Development, held in Venice, Italy, on April 20-23, 1970. Contributors explore intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms underlying early development in mammals and cover topics ranging from transmission of maternal proteins into oocytes to normal and abnormal fertilization in mammals; experimental early parthenogenesis in mammals; and nutrient requirements for the culture of preimplantation embryos in vitro. This book is comprised of 33 chapters and begins with an overview of the oocyte and the egg, touching on subjects such as electron microscopy of the primary and secondary oocyte; experimental early parthenogenesis in mammals; and laparoscopic recovery of pre-ovulatory human oocytes after priming of the ovaries with gonadotrophins. The next section is devoted to intrinsic and extrinsic influence on the metabolism of preimplantation embryos and includes chapters dealing with the composition of oviductal and uterine fluids; the role of uterine proteins in embryonic development; sex chromosome markers as indicators in embryonic development; and manipulations of the blastocyst. The remaining chapters examine placental and fetal physiology, immunology and teratology, and differentiation of tissues. This monograph will be of interest to biologists and physiologists.

Fate and Effects of Sediment-Bound Chemicals in Aquatic Systems presents the proceedings of the Sixth Pellston Workshop, held in Florissant, Colorado on August 12–17, 1984. This book presents the development of scientific inquiry of hazards to the aquatic environment. Organized into 27 chapters, this compilation of papers begins with an overview of water quality significance of sediment-associated contaminants to aquatic life. This text then addresses the topic of the role of suspended and settled sediments in regulating the effects of chemicals in the aquatic environment. Other chapters consider the nature and extent of partitioning and bioavailability, which are key elements in research efforts toward assessing the effects of sediments on water quality. This book discusses as well the regulatory and management strategies for chemicals entering public water supplies. The final chapter deals with conclusions and recommendations identified during the workshop. This book is a valuable resource for biologists and environmental scientists.

Advances in Biosciences 2 documents the proceedings of the Schering Symposium on Biodynamics and Mechanism of Action of Steroid Hormones held in Berlin, on 14-16 March 1968. The volume begins by presenting the opening address on the symposium's main themes followed by a lecture on the factors influencing the nature and significance of research in the biological sciences. The papers presented cover topics such as methods for automatic and semi-automatic assay of steroids; the combination of gas chromatography and mass spectrometry for the investigation of complex mixtures; factors controlling steroid hormone metabolism; and the metabolism of free and conjugated estrogens. Other studies deal with the molecular basis of estrogen-binding in target cells; early biochemical events in the mouse testis associated with ultimate induction of interstitial cell tumors by estrogens; biochemical features of androgens; and effects of corticosteroid administration on rats. This book also presents panel discussions on the clinical aspects, biodynamics, and action of steroid hormones.

Data Acquisition and Processing in Biology and Medicine, Volume 5 presents the proceedings of the 1966 Rochester Conference. The book presents a model based on the visco-elastic behavior of the aorta and arterioles that can generate aortic pressure curves resembling real ones; and the computer-aided diagnosis. The text also includes papers on an electric analog for the uptake, distribution and excretion of inhalation anesthetics; the use of computer analysis of morphological pattern as an aid in taxonomic discrimination; and a simulation study of a hand controlled by myoelectric signals. Computer-aided differentiation of glycemic curves, as well as the use of Fourier waveform analysis to confirm the differentiability of preganglionic slow potentials into postganglionic slow potential waveforms are also encompassed.

Development of Responsiveness to Steroid Hormones is a collection of papers presented at the Bat-Sheva Seminar of the same name which was held in Rehovot, Israel, on October 18-26, 1978 and sponsored by the Bat-Sheva de Rothschild Foundation for the Advancement of Science in Israel in cooperation with The Weizmann Institute of Science. Contributors explore how the steroid receptor complex modulates transcription of RNA and cover topics ranging from the sequential acquisition of responsiveness to estrogen in the rat uterus to the ontogeny of steroid receptors in the guinea pig. This book is comprised of 29 chapters and begins with a review of estrogen and estrogen effects in rat uterus and pituitary in culture. The embryonic chick Müllerian duct and several fetal guinea pig organs are then considered, followed by discussions on mammalian and chick liver, multi-hormonal control in rat liver; progesterone and decidualization; and rat mammary gland in culture. Glucocorticoids in developing pancreas, lung, and liver are examined, along with ecdysteroids in both locusts and Drosophila. Refractoriness is exemplified by gonadotropin action in the ovary. The remaining chapters deal with the role of steroid hormone receptors in brain development; the neural trigger for ovulation; aromatization and development of responsiveness of the brain to gonadal steroids; and neuroendocrine correlates of female-offspring interaction in maternal rats. This monograph will be of value to physiologists, biologists, and biochemists.

Gene Expression provides research papers on selected topics in gene expression, presented at the 11th meeting of the Federation of European Biochemical Societies, held at Copenhagen in August 1977. The book presents research knowledge provided by eminent researchers in the field of biochemistry. Each chapter contains material that is important to other researchers, such as on initiation mechanism of protein synthesis in prokaryotes; translocation mechanism of the ribosome; and analysis of ribosomal translocation by drugs. Mechanisms for the intracellular compartmentation of newly synthesized proteins; RNA synthesis and control; the sub-structure of nucleosome core particles; and future prospects on chromosome structure and function are detailed as well. The text will be of use to researchers and workers in the field of medicine, pharmacology, gene therapy, and biochemistry.

Regulation of Fatty Acid and Glycerolipid Metabolism is a compilation of papers presented during the 11th Meeting of the Federation of European Biochemical Societies in Copenhagen in 1977. The book deals with the regulation of enzyme activity and the turnover that results from fatty acid metabolism, lipid metabolism in membranes, and disturbed fatty acid metabolism. One study presented in the book shows that cellular fatty acid synthetase levels are significantly decreased by different medium and long chain fatty acids in Candida lypolytica, a kind of yeast. The book also examines the serious incidence of increase in the rate of conversion of glucose to fatty acids when white adipose tissues from rats are exposed to insulin. The selection addresses this increase as an important example of acute hormonal regulation of fatty acid synthesis in mammalian tissues. The text also describes the enzyme adaptation to nutritional and hormonal changes and the role of lipids in membrane fusion. The book presents other studies regarding the incidence of vascular, dietary, and congenital factors on fatty acid metabolism in adipose tissue and liver that are conducted in rats. Another study suggests that hyperinsulinemia is a key factor in the development of the obesity syndrome. Microbiologists, microchemists, and laboratory researchers and scientists dealing with fat metabolism will appreciate this book.

Affinity Chromatography is a collection of papers that presents the advancement in various areas of affinity chromatography. The title particularly covers the development in affinity chromatography in the context of biochemistry and immunochemistry. The text first details gel matrices, coupling methods, and charge transfer chromatography. Next, the selection tackles the affinity chromatography of enzymes and hydrophobic interaction chromatography. The text also discusses matrix-bound antigens and antibodies, along with matrix-bound lectins and affinity chromatography of cells. Part VI deals with affinity chromatography of hormone receptors, while part vii talks about affinity techniques in the isolation Of DNA, RNA, and polysomes. The book will be of great use to students, researchers, and practitioners of biochemistry.

Carotenoids — 4 brings together the main lectures presented at the Fourth International Symposium on Carotenoids held in Berne, Switzerland, on August 25-29, 1975. The papers explore a wide range of topics relating to carotenoids, including their carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra, stereochemistry, and biosynthesis. Carotenoid-protein complexes, carotenoid glycosides, xanthoxin and abscisic acid, and photoregulation of carotenoid biosynthesis in plants are also discussed. This book is comprised of 13 chapters and begins with an analysis of the carbon-13 NMR spectra of derivatives of beta-carotene, such as zeaxanthin, isozeaxanthin, violaxanthin, and alloxanthin. The reader is then introduced to carotenoid-protein complexes, with emphasis on the distinction between carotenoid-lipoglycoprotein complexes and astaxanthin-proteins in which the absorption band of the carotenoid is unaltered in shape. Subsequent chapters deal with carotenoid glycosides; the structures, chemical reactions, and stereochemistry of naturally occurring carotenoids; synthesis of carotenoids and related polyenes; and the apocarotenoid system of sex hormones and prohormones in Mucoraceous fungi. The early steps in and later reactions of carotenoid biosynthesis are also examined. The last chapter is devoted to the photoregulation of carotenoid biosynthesis in plants. This monograph will be a valuable source of information for chemists.

Reproductive Biology and Taxonomy of Vascular Plants is a collection of papers presented at the Conference on Reproductive Biology and Taxonomy of Vascular Plants, held at the Department of Botany, University of Birmingham on April 23-25, 1965. The conference primarily explores the reproductive biology of flowering plants and ferns to arrive at a better understanding of variation patterns and modes of evolution. This book is divided into six chapters and begins with a discussion on the breeding systems, variation and adaptation. The next chapters survey the practical implications of knowledge of breeding systems and other aspects of the reproductive biology of flowering plants, as well as the pollination mechanisms in orchids and the evolution of this family in relation to insect evolution. These chapters include an account of the foraging behavior of honey bees and its importance to the botanist in delineating the behavior of the insects that pollinate the plants. Other chapters deal with the mechanisms of plant dispersal and establishment, the aspects of seed dormancy, and germination and reproductive capacity related to evolutionary processes. The concluding chapters explore the many aspects of apomixis in its wider sense and survey how the variation patterns of apomicts were due to this special mode of reproduction. This book is directed primarily to botanists.

FEBS: Federation of European Biochemical Societies, Volume 57: Antimetabolites in Biochemistry, Biology, and Medicine is a collection of papers that presents that advancement in the field of antimetabolites research. The title first covers the use of antimetabolites in enzymology, and then proceeds to tackling the consequences of analog incorporation into nucleic acids. Next, the selection discusses the rational approach to the use of antimetabolite in commination cancer chemotherapy an in immunosuppression. The text also covers the aspects of selective antiviral action. In the last part, the selection details various compounds, along with their synthesis and mechanisms of action. The book will be of great use to researchers and practitioners of biochemistry, biology, and medicine.

Fresh Water from the Sea is a collection of papers that discusses the advancement in the technologies and methodologies utilized in the process of desalting seawater. The emphasis of the book is not only on desalting but also on processing the seawater into potable water. The coverage of the text includes the advancement of desalting process in various countries, such as Japan, Israel, and Italy. The text also covers the aspects of the application of ion exchange to the conversion of saline water into fresh water and the evolution of the distillation process for seawater conversion. The text will be of great use to researchers and practitioners in disciplines that directly deal with securing a potable water source.

Chemical and Biological Aspects of Pyridoxal Catalysis contains the proceedings of the symposium of the International Union of Biochemistry, held in Rome in October 1962. The proceedings cover the lectures, discussions, and scientific papers on the many aspects of pyridoxal biochemistry. The book presents a wide range of topics of pyridoxal biochemistry, starting with a brief review of the history of the chemistry of vitamin B6 and pyridoxal-containing systems, and their significance in the understanding of the catalytic effects of pyridoxal. Structural features of glutamic aspartic transaminase; studies on leucine decarboxylase; cleavage of cystamine by diamineoxidase; and enzymatic steps in the degradation of vitamin B6 by bacteria are also discussed. The final chapter gives a brief survey of the developments in the study of catalytic functions and biological role of PLP enzymes. Biochemists, biologists, chemists, enzymologists, pharmacologists, and physicians will find this book invaluable.

Structure and Function of Oxidation–Reduction Enzymes is a collection of papers presented at the Wenner-Gren Symposium held at the Wenner-Gren Center, Stockholm on August 23-27, 1970. It provides important understanding of the structure and function of oxidation-reduction enzymes: iron, flavin, and nicotinamide enzymes. This book discusses the functional differences among varying structures such cytochrome c, haemoglobins, dehydrogenases, flavins, oestrogens, and peroxidases. It concludes by presenting future expectations, including some questions that need to be addressed. This volume will be of great value to those interested in the present-day research on oxidation-reduction enzymes.

Advances in the Biosciences 7: Schering Workshop on Steroid Hormone''Receptors,''Berlin, December 7 to 9, 1970 is a collection of papers presented at the Schering Workshop on Steroid Hormone''Receptors,''held in Berlin, Germany, on December 7-9, 1970. Contributors review research findings concerning steroid hormone receptors and cover topics organized around receptors of estrogen, androgen, progesterone, aldosterone, and corticosteroids. This book is comprised of 20 chapters and begins by analyzing the concentration of the estrogen binding protein in the rat uterus in three stages of uterine development, followed by a discussion on estradiol binding in mammalian tissues. The next section explores androgen receptors and includes chapters dealing with the specific binding of steroid-receptor complexes to DNA as well as the effects of androgen receptors on rat and human prostate. Subsequent chapters discuss the action of progesterone, aldosterone, and corticosteroid receptors. This monograph will be of interest to biochemists, biologists, and physiologists.

Protein and Energy Supply for High Production of Milk and Meat covers the proceedings of a Symposium of the Committee on Agricultural Problems of the Economic Commission for Europe and the Food and Agriculture Organization. The book presents studies that are relevant in producing more milk and meat products. The text presents 10 papers that discuss the advances in understanding the significance of rumen fermentation; protein/energy relationships in the intermediary metabolism of ruminants; and protein/energy relationships in the practical feeding of dairy and fattening cattle. The book will be of great use to researchers and professionals concerned with procuring more cattle products.

Irrigation and Agricultural Development compiles selected papers presented at the International Expert Consultation held in Baghdad, Iraq from February 24 to March 1, 1979. This book addresses the technical, economic, and institutional problems connected with the development and utilization of irrigation water for agricultural production. It discusses the policy framework for investment in irrigation projects; natural equilibriums and irrigated agriculture; and selection of appropriate irrigation methods for semi-arid regions. The studies on crop consumptive use of water in Iraq; world bank experience with irrigation, drainage and land reclamation projects; and salinity problems and land reclamation in the Arab Republic of Egypt are also covered. This publication is recommended for environmentalists, irrigation engineers, and agriculturists concerned with water development, conservation, and management.

Molybdenum and Molybdenum-Containing Enzymes is a collection of papers that deals with the various concerns with molybdenum-containing enzymes. The text first covers the organometallic chemistry of molybdenum, and then proceeds to tackling molybdenum-containing enzymes, such as xanthine oxidase, aldehyde oxidase, and sulphite oxidase. The text also discusses the advancement in the understanding of molybdenum-containing enzymes. The remaining chapters deal with the genetics of molybdoenzymes and the nutritional aspects of molybdenum. The book will be of great use to students, researchers, and practitioners of biochemistry.

Cyclic Phenomena in Marine Plants and Animals covers the proceedings of the 13th European Marine Biology Symposium. The title presents papers that tackle the cyclical biological processes in population ecology, developmental biology, metabolism, and the behavior of marine organisms. The text first covers topics about the population cycles of flora and fauna. Next, the selection details the rhythmic aspects of reproduction and growth, and then proceeds to discussing the cyclical aspects of production and metabolism. The text also deals with the rhythmic behavior and its control by environmental and physiological factors. The book will be of great use to students, researchers, and practitioners of marine biology and ecology.

Art and Human Experience discusses the various art traditions from different time periods and cultural origin. The title details the problems faced by artists, the basic principles of design. The text first tackles the importance of art in human life, and then proceeds to covering various forms of art. Next, the selection deals with the art culture from different time and location. The coverage of the title includes Stone Age art, African, Amerindian, Egyptian, Greek, Roman, Chinese, and European. The last chapter talks about contemporary art design. The book will be of great interest to individuals who have a keen interest in art history.