Search

Principles of Plant Biochemistry focuses on the methodologies, approaches, and techniques employed in plant biochemistry, including analysis of proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins, and metabolism. The publication first takes a look at proteins and carbohydrates. Discussions focus on general properties and structure of proteins, amino acid composition of proteins and properties of the protein molecule, isolation of proteins and the establishment of their homogeneity, monosaccharides, polysaccharides, and steroids. The text then elaborates on vitamins and secondary plant compounds, including aliphatic organic acids, glycosides, tannins, essential oils and resins, herbicides, antibiotics, and phytonicides. The manuscript examines enzymes and the role of metabolism in living organisms, as well as general properties and classification of enzymes and oxidases. The book then ponders on photosynthesis and chemosynthesis, interconversion of carbohydrates, and fermentation and respiration. The inter-relationship of metabolic processes and amino acid and protein metabolism are also discussed. The publication is a dependable reference for readers interested in plant biochemistry.

A Practical Course in Biology provides various experiments biologists or those in biology related fields usually perform, mainly encompassing experimenting with animals and plants. As this book provides a practical course in biology, it first discusses the instrument commonly used in laboratory experimentsâ€the microscope. Then, this text shifts to studying various organisms, including plants and animals and their biological characteristics and mechanisms. This selection ends with the practical techniques and methods in biology, such as dissecting, cleaning glassware, specimen preservation, and killing laboratory animals. This book will come in handy for students and experts in the field of general biology and related fields.

Fundamentals of Radiobiology presents a clear picture of the effects of radiation to living organisms. It discusses the steps leading from the absorption of energy to death or final injury. The focus of study is the changes induced at the molecular level by absorbing energy. Some of the topics covered in the book are the methods for determining the direct and indirect action in biological systems, the nature of the initial chemical lesion in cellular radiobiology, the definition of target theory and the meaning of poison theory. The subjects on general radiation chemistry are also covered. The fields of radiation chemistry that will be discussed are the role of excitation, the variation of reactions between gases, liquids, and solids; and the status of free radicals created. The effects of radiation on macromolecules are discussed. The text defines the important role of metabolism in the development of the lesions. An analysis of the interactions of ionizing radiations with is presented. A chapter of the volume is devoted to the radiation chemistry of aqueous systems. Another section of the book focuses on the chemicals which simulate the biological effects of ionizing radiations. The book will provide useful information to doctors, chemists, biologists, radiologists, students and researchers.

Cellular Aspects of Membrane Permeability describes the state of knowledge on permeability problems and interprets experimental results within the framework of working hypotheses. The book discusses membrane permeability with some biochemical perspective presented to explain the origin and adaptations of animal life. The text explains the process and the driving forces affecting the permeability characteristics of the experimental object. It then discusses the distribution of ions and molecules between two phases separated by a living membrane. Then the text analyzes the chemical nature of the molecular architecture that causes such permeability characteristics. The book addresses the electrical potential profiles of epithelial tissues, and then discusses the conducting membranes. It also explains the relationships between inorganic ions, sugar, amino acids, fatty acids, and bioelectric potentials. The book also explains the physical nature of such chemical nature and structure of living membranes. The text then describes the structure of the cellular surface and the structural organization of the cell. The selection can prove useful for biologists, microbiologists, zoologists, and students and professors of biology and its related disciplines.

Fruit and Vegetables provides comprehensive information on fruits and vegetables, which are deemed to be an important part of diets in every part of the world. The book is intended to be a primary source of information for advanced food science students and readers interested in the deep appreciation and understanding of food. The text illustrates the wide range of background material on the study of fruits and vegetables. Subjects on the chemical constitution and structure of fruits and vegetables are covered in Part I, Concerning the Nature of Fruit and Vegetables. Part II deals with the utilization, production, processing and trade of fruits and vegetables. Food technologists, food scientists, chefs, nutritionists, students and those in the food industry will find this book a good reference material.

Introduction to Animal Physiology and Physiological Genetics, deals with topics on physiological measurement, comparisons, and analysis of the role of genotypes. This book emphasizes two aspects — the changes of physiological patterns in the course of development and the wide variation that can be found within a species. The text discusses the response mechanisms of living organisms from nerve impulses, chemical sense, muscle reaction, and includes some studies made on brain function. The effects of nutrition and energy such as the intake of food, water, oxygen, and the calculation of basic metabolic rates are explained. The book then discusses the role of the internal environment and that of the interstitial body fluid in the higher animals. The discussion covers blood circulation, cardiac cycle, and a special section on the function of the heartbeat in the spider Limulus showing that stimulation of the abdominal ganglia increases the heartbeats. The text also considers significant concepts of physiological genetics, and then explains asexual and sexual reproduction, the sex hormones of invertebrates, and the use of stimulants for animal production. The physiological differences between species are examined, but more particularly on the reservoir of genetic diversity, where differences abound between families and offspring. One research made in molecular biology concludes that genes are responsible for regulating the amino acid sequence of proteins. Molecular biologists, general biologists, zoologists, and microbiologists will find the articles in this collection invaluable.

Life Sciences and Space Research, Volume XII documents the proceedings of the Life Sciences sessions of the 16th Plenary Meeting of the Committee on Space Research (COSPAR) held in Konstanz in May and June 1973. This compilation includes several studies on the biological effects of radiation produced by particles of very high energy, including the kind of cellular damage these particles cause and the technique for recording particle tracks in relation to biological objects. The effects of weightlessness upon developmental processes in biology and the interaction between weightlessness and other effects of space flight are also deliberated. This book likewise provides a brief discussion on the field of planetary quarantine, implying that all the planets should be protected from unwise contamination. This publication is valuable to students and researchers conducting work on exobiology, radiation biology, gravitational biology, or planetary quarantine.

Humoral Control of Growth and Differentiation, Volume I: Vertebrate Regulatory Factors is a part of two-volume work that introduces the reader to humoral control of growth and differentiation in vertebrates. This volume gives emphasis on chemical messengers, which have received relatively little attention in standard treatises on endocrine physiology for a number of reasons. Organized into three parts, this book begins with the physiological significance of chalones. This class of hormones is intimately associated with mitotic homeostasis as inhibitors of cell division. The book then looks into the aspects of blood cell formation and release, as well as the humoral control of organs and tissue growth. This volume also includes chapters discussing the humoral changes occurring in diseases of the blood and other pathologic states. The humoral factors influencing lymphocyte proliferation in culture are also explained. Moreover, this volume examines the effects of the more orthodox hormones upon skeletal growth and regeneration.

Seed Biology, Volume II: Germination Control, Metabolism, and Pathology is a part of a three-volume treatise, which aims to bring together a large body of important information on seed biology. Organized into five chapters, this book begins with a discussion on environmental control of germination and its biological significance. Separate chapters follow that discuss physiology and metabolism of seeds with specific dormancy and anomalous storage history, as well as those germinated under abnormal conditions. This work will be useful to various groups of research biologists and teachers, including agronomists, plant anatomists, biochemists, ecologists, entomologists, foresters, horticulturists, plant pathologists, and plant physiologists.

Growth and Development of Trees, Volume I: Seed Germination, Ontogeny, and Shoot Growth is a part of a two-volume treatise, which characterizes important features of growth and development of trees and other woody plants during their life cycles. Organized into eight chapters, this book describes the important events in growth of the perennial woody plant. This volume highlights the significant changes that take place in vegetative and reproductive growth as woody plants progress from juvenility to adulthood and, finally, to a senescent state. This book also describes the effects of external and internal controls of vegetative and reproductive growth. Considerable attention is given to important spatial and temporal variations in growth. This book will be useful to academicians as well as to those involved in the practice of growing trees and other woody plants for fruit crops or wood, as well as for esthetic reasons.

Natural Proteinase Inhibitors focuses on natural inhibitors for proteolytic enzymes, which occur in plants and animals. It presents the theoretical and practical importance of the natural proteinase inhibitors of man and animal organisms. Organized into four chapters, this book starts with an overview of inhibitors for peptide and peptdohydrolases. This text then explores the important enzyme called kallikreins, which are found in the pancreas, the intestinal wall, the plasma, the submandibular gland, and the urine. Other chapters examine the various plant inhibitors, which are present in soybean, lima beans, potatoes, grains, and beetroots. This book discusses as well the inhibition of proteolytic enzymes by substances from body tissues. The final chapter deals with the prevention of uncontrolled liberation of kinins by proteinases, which is of great significance because the kinins are involved in the occurrence of pathological processes such as inflammation. Biologists and graduate students will find this book extremely useful.

Circannual Clocks: Annual Biological Rhythms documents the Proceedings of a Satellite Symposium of the 140th Meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science held in San Francisco, California, February 25, 1974. The purpose of the symposium was to summarize the present state of knowledge on endogenous annual rhythms (circannual clocks), and to point out their biological significance and importance. The presentations included studies on the following: the circannual rhythms of an arthropod, the cave crayfish, Orconectes pellucidus inermis, and a cnidarian, Campanularia flexuosa; the occurrence, manifestation, and importance of circannual rhythms in birds with different migratory habits; and the importance of circannual rhythms in hibernating mammals. Also covered are the relationships between circannual rhythms and endogenous lunar and tidal rhythms; circannual rhythm of reproduction in male European starlings; the adaptational value of internal annual clocks in birds; the expression and suppression of the circannual antler growth cycle in deer; and circannual rhythms in man.

Growth, Nutrition, and Metabolism of Cells in Culture, Volume 3, focuses on a number of specific, timely areas of research that make use of cell and tissue culture. The major theme of this volume is growth and its regulation in animal cells. The book includes studies on the role of growth factors in cell culture systems; the effects of cyclic nucleotides in cell proliferation in culture; metabolic regulation during the cell cycle; and the role of the cell surface in growth and metabolic regulation. There are also separate chapters on aspects of abnormal cell growth and metabolism; DNA repair; genetic analysis using cell fusion techniques; the growth of vascular cells in culture for atherosclerosis research; the culture of haploid vertebrate cells for genetic analysis of cell function; data on haploid cell culture; and the value of using cell cultures to test for the possible toxicity of various pharmacologic agents.

Growth, Nutrition, and Metabolism of Cells in Culture, Volume 1, summarizes the state of knowledge of the growth, nutrition, and metabolism of various types of cell cultures. The chapters are both detailed and comprehensive enough for the specialist and broad enough to provide a general background for the nonspecialist. The present volume discusses the uptake, synthesis, and degradation of biologically important compounds, particularly the major components usually present in tissue culture medium. The book begins by tracing the history of the development of tissue culture. This is followed by separate chapters on early development of cell culture nutrition; the biological effects of serum; the energy metabolism of malignant cells; the gaseous environment of the mammalian cell in culture; and the uptake and utilization of amino acids by cells in culture. Subsequent chapters cover purine and pyrimidine metabolism; lipids in cell culture; the use of cell cultures for sterol metabolism studies; the genetic expressions of human diploid fibroblast cell cultures; and structural features of mammalian complex carbohydrates.

Biological Horizons in Surface Science presents techniques used in surface science research as well as experimental data. It is organized in such a way that there is a transition from the more theoretical or molecular to the more biological. Emphasis is placed on the importance of water in determining molecular architecture and interactions. Methods of examining molecular associations and complex formation of molecules are discussed, and the results from such studies are reviewed. Permeability is examined from the point of view of the energies required to penetrate between two different phases, and from the role that multicellular membranes may play in directing the diffusion of ions or solutes in general. Current concepts of membrane structure based on membrane models are discussed and some new models are suggested. Application of surface science techniques and the unique energies present at interphases are considered with regard to drug interaction with biological tissue and immunological phenomena. The importance of surfactant protein-lipid association is also discussed in regard to alveolar mechanics. This book is directed particularly to biologists who will find many of the techniques used of significance in their own research. It also aims to interest graduate students in this area of investigation.

Newer Methods of Nutritional Biochemistry: With Applications and Interpretations, Volume III, provides a compilation of biochemical procedures which have extensive applications in nutrition research. The focus is on simple procedures to evaluate the utilization of dietary proteins given the pressing problems in emergency feeding of populations in developing countries. Comprised of nine chapters, this book discusses the nutritional and metabolic implications of changes in urinary amino acid levels. It examines the concept, role, and implications of protein reserves in the young and adult subjects. It also describes procedures which have contributed to the development of in vitro methods for the evaluation of protein quality. The book also discusses plant protein resources; lipoprotein transport; chemical assay of adrenocorticosteroids; studies of zinc metabolism; and folates in human nutrition.

A Manual of Aquatic Plants can be said to be a classic; it made the identification of aquatic plants in sterile as well as in flowering or fruiting condition as simple as possible, and covers a region from Minnesota to Missouri and eastward to the Gulf of St. Lawrence and Virgina.

Advances in Protein Chemistry

Advances in Protein Chemistry

Advances in Protein Chemistry

Advances in Protein Chemistry

Advances in Protein Chemistry

Advances in Protein Chemistry

Advances in Protein Chemistry

Advances in Protein Chemistry

Advances in Protein Chemistry

Advances in Protein Chemistry

Advances in Protein Chemistry

Advances in Protein Chemistry

Advances in Protein Chemistry

Advances in Protein Chemistry

Advances in Protein Chemistry

Advances in Protein Chemistry

Advances in Protein Chemistry

Advances in Protein Chemistry

Advances in Protein Chemistry

Advances in Cancer Research

Methods in Virology, Volume III focuses on the advancements of methods employed in virology, including immunological, microscopic, and serological techniques and transformation assays. The selection first offers information on the analysis of protein constituents and lipid components of viruses. Discussions focus on the applications of the existing methodology to lipid-containing viruses; physical methods for the characterization of virus proteins; renaturation of virus proteins and reconstitution of viruses; and chemical methods for the characterization of virus proteins. The text then elaborates on RNA polymerase, immunological techniques for animal viruses, and serological techniques for plant viruses. The book tackles the plaque assay of animal viruses, transformation assays, and the methods for selecting RNA bacteriophage. Topics include identification of the nucleic acid, assay methods for particular viruses, general consideration of the plaque assay method, virus-dilution media and procedures, monolayer assay methods, and incubation and staining of plates and counting of plaques. The manuscript also takes a look at the structural studies of viruses, microscopic techniques, electron microscopy of isolated virus particles and their components, and the application of thin sectioning. The selection is a vital source of data for researchers interested in the methods employed in virology.

Comprehensive Biochemistry, Volume 21: Metabolism of Vitamins and Trace Elements focuses on the processes, reactions, methodologies, and principles involved in the metabolism of vitamins and trace elements, including catabolism, enzymatic synthesis, absorption, and metabolic functions. The selection first elaborates on the biosynthesis of thiamine and riboflavin and metabolism of vitamin B6. Topics include absorption and transport of vitamin B6, catabolism of vitamin B6, mechanism of riboflavin synthetase from yeast, enzymatic synthesis of thiamine, biogenesis of thiazole, and interconversion of various forms of vitamin B6. The book also ponders on the biosynthesis of pantothenic acid and coenzyme A and metabolism of biotin, analogues, folic acid, pteridine derivatives, and cobalamins. Discussions focus on the uses of radioactive cobalamins in metabolic studies, absorption of cobalamins, pteroylpolyglutamates, and biosynthesis of folate compounds, interconversions, and degradations. The manuscript examines the metabolism and metabolic function of trace elements, including iron, zinc, copper, manganese, molybdenum, selenium, fluorine, and iodine. The selection is a vital source of data for researchers interested in the metabolism of vitamins and trace elements.

Genetic Mechanisms of Development is a compilation of articles that surveys the application of genetic systems of analysis to the resolution of fundamental problems in developmental biology. The book is composed of sections that deal with various aspects of genetic mechanisms. The first section tackles the genetic analysis of gene regulation in microorganisms. The second section discusses the application of Mendelian genetics to the study of the development of Drosophila, amphibians, and the laboratory mouse. The last section introduces somatic cell genetics, a tool for developmental biologists. Biologists, geneticists, zoologists, and researchers will find the book a good source of information.

Bioelectric Recording Techniques Part B: Electroencephalography and Human Brain Potentials is part of the multivolume series Methods in Physiological Psychology. The series begins with the treatment of bioelectric recording techniques in three volumes (Parts A, B, and C). Part B deals with electroencephalography (EEG) and peripheral recording of brain events in man. The book is organized into three parts. The first part deals with EEG recording in animals and man, beginning with a historical review of EEG recording and a comprehensive discussion of modern techniques and experimental problems in recording brain potentials. Also covered are techniques of human EEG recording and abnormal brain activity. The second part deals with evoked human brain potentials. These include a comprehensive discussion of procedures for stimulation and recording of human averaged evoked potentials; methods of analysis of EEG and evoked activity; and the influence of psychological variables and processes on the human averaged evoked scalp potential. The third part treats the contingent negative variation (CNV). This scalp recorded response has occasioned much recent interest, in part because it appears to correlate with''psychological''processes.

Comparative Vertebrate Morphology provides a comprehensive discussion of vertebrate morphology. The structure-function concept at the level of organs and organ systems is fundamental to an understanding of comparative evolutionary morphology. It is upon these three interrelated aspects—structure, function, and evolution— that that contents of this volume have been organized and presented. The book opens with a discussion of general concepts on vertebrate evolution. This is followed by separate chapters on vertebrate phylogeny, skeletal components, the cranial and postcranial skeleton, muscular tissues, muscular system, and development of the integument, nervous tissues, sense organs, nervous system structure, nervous pathways, and endocrines. Subsequent chapters deal with the digestive, respiratory, circulatory, excretory and water balance, and reproductive systems. This book was designed to meet the needs of a one-semester course for students who have already had an introductory course in biology. It is assumed that the lectures will be supplemented by a laboratory with its own laboratory manual. The organization of the text allows the instructor to coordinate the laboratory and lecture portions of the course.

Foundations of Mathematical Biology, Volume 1, Subcellular Systems, provides an introduction the place of mathematical biology in relation to the other biological, physical, and organizational sciences. It discusses the use of mathematical tools and techniques to solve biological problems. The book contains four chapters and begins with a discussion of the nature of hierarchical control in living matter. This is followed by a chapter on chemical kinetics and enzyme kinetics, covering the physicomathematical principles, models, and approximations underlying transition-state theory and the unimolecular reaction. Subsequent chapters deal with quantum genetics and membrane excitability.

Animal Memory is based on the proceedings of a symposium held at Dalhousie University in the summer of 1969. Each of the seven chapters provide broad coverage of the topic with which it is concerned, and the experimental work reported is representative of the most significant developments in the field. The book includes two studies on associative memory—the memory of one event which is essential to its association (over a delay) with subsequent events. One study shows that shows that animals can remember events from one learning trial to the next and that their behavior will be determined largely by the sequences of trials with differing outcomes; the other presents research on the association of flavors with toxicosis in a conditioning paradigm. Separate chapters deal with retentive memory—the retention and forgetting of learned behavior over time; and the physiological basis of memory in terms of consolidation theory. These studies demonstrate that animals do forget and examine theories of forgetting. The final chapter provides a critical discussion based on all of the foregoing material in which the topics covered in the book are related to current work on human retention and forgetting.

Viral and Rickettsial Infections of Animals, Volume I, deals comprehensively with the viruses and rickettsiae that infect domestic animals. The book also aims demonstrate the basic unity of virology irrespective of whether the natural host is man or one of the lower animals. This book deals with general virology from the viewpoint of comparative medicine. It begins with accounts of the fundamental properties of viruses; proceeds to consider how these agents affect cells and how the animal body responds; and concludes by discussing the methods by which the natural cycle of infection can be interrupted or modified to the benefit of the host. Included are chapters on the physical, chemical, and biological properties of viruses, viral multiplication, the cultivation of viruses, the pathogenesis of viral infections and their pathology, serology, immunity, and, finally, epidemiology and control. It is hoped that this book will be valuable to those interested in a variety of other biological sciences.

Synchytrium presents all data and information relevant to the identification, classification, and phylogeny of species of Synchytrium. Following a brief introduction to the genus, general descriptions and illustrations of the life cycles of the subgenera are given at the beginning of the monograph for the purpose of acquainting the reader with an over-all view of the types of development which occur in Synchytrium. Then follow chapters on the cytology, sexuality, and host reaction. The major portion of the monograph is then devoted to a description of the genus, keys to the subgenera and the fully known species in each subgenus, and descriptions of the individual species. The description of the species is followed by chapters on phylogeny, hosts, and geographical distribution of Synchytrium. Although this monograph is directed primarily to graduate and research students in mycology, and particularly in the field of chytridiology, botanists, and biologists in general will also find it useful. The discussions of host and cellular reactions to infection, host range and host specificity, as well as the extensive bibliography on the Synchytrium-wart disease to potatoes should appeal especially to parasitologists and phytopathologists.

Color Change Mechanisms of Cold-Blooded Vertebrates focuses on color change in vertebrates and its relation to endocrine control. The book first tackles physiological color changes in amphibians, elasmobranchs, teleosts, and cyclostomes. Topics include description of responses, nonvisual response, criticisms of the two-hormone hypothesis as applied to amphibians and elasmobranchs, and summary of teleost color change mechanisms. The publication then elaborates on physiological color changes in reptiles and biological assay of melanin-dispersing hormones, as well as generalities about reptilian color change, general statement on biological assay, and theoretical considerations. The manuscript ponders on the chemistry of melanin-dispersing hormones, mechanism of the melanophore, and actions of melanin-dispersing hormones on functions other than color change. Discussions focus on glandular origin of melanin-dispersing hormones, energy sources for melanin movement, and metabolism. The text is highly recommended for readers interested in color change in vertebrates.

Cells and Tissues in Culture: Methods, Biology, and Physiology, Volume 3 focuses on the applications of the methods of tissue culture to various fields of investigation, including virology, immunology, and preventive medicine. The selection first offers information on molecular organization of cells and tissues in culture and tissue culture in radiobiology. Topics include cellular organization at the molecular level, fibrogenesis in tissue culture, effect of radiation on the growth of isolated cells, and irradiation of the selected parts of the cell. The publication then considers the effects of invading organisms on cells and tissues in culture and cell, tissue, and organ cultures in virus research. The book elaborates on antibody production in tissue culture and tissue culture in pharmacology. Discussions focus on early attempts at in vitro studies, tissue culture in the study of pharmacologically active agents, and methods of assessment of drug activity. The text also reviews invertebrate tissue and organ culture in cell research; introduction and methods employed in plant tissue culture; and growth, differentiation and organogenesis in plant tissue and organ cultures. The selection is a vital source of data for readers interested in the culture of cells and tissues.

The Amino Sugars: The Chemistry and Biology of Compounds Containing Amino Sugars, Volume IIB: Metabolism and Interactions takes a look at the chemistry, physical chemistry, and biochemistry of naturally occurring and synthetically prepared amino sugars and amino sugar-containing molecules and the critical and interpretative account of the biological and medical importance of these molecules. The selection takes a look at the metabolism of amino sugars, glycosaminoglycans, and glycoproteins, glycopeptides, and glycolipids. Topics include pathways of degradation, energy-utilizing reactions, catabolism, formation of macromolecules, and metabolism of moieties. The text then ponders on the effects of steroid hormones on the glycosaminoglycans of target connective tissues, hexosaminidases, and neuraminidases. The publication elaborates on enzymes degrading glycosaminoglycans, sulfatases of glycosaminoglycans, and activation and inhibition of enzymes by polyanions containing amino sugars. The manuscript also reviews the chemical and physical changes of glycosaminoglycans and glycoproteins caused by oxidation-reduction systems and radiation and interactions between glycoproteins and viruses. The selection is a dependable reference for readers interested in amino sugars.

The Amino Sugars: The Chemistry and Biology of Compounds Containing Amino Sugars, Volume IIA: Distribution and Biological Role focuses on the chemistry, physical chemistry, and biochemistry of naturally occurring and synthetically prepared amino sugars and amino sugar-containing molecules, as well as the biological and medical importance of these molecules. The selection first offers information on the distribution of amino sugars in microorganisms, plants, and invertebrates and amino sugars and macromolecules containing amino sugars in liver. Discussions focus on microorganisms, invertebrates, amino sugar composition, catabolism of amino sugars, and metabolic interrelationships between amino sugars and other sugars. The text then takes a look at amino sugars and macromolecules containing amino sugars in kidney and amino sugar-containing compounds in urine. The publication takes a look at glycoproteins in salivary glands, saliva, and sputum; glycosaminoglycans and glycoproteins in skin; and amino sugar-containing compounds in tumors. The text also evaluates glycosaminoglycans in umbilical cord and glycosaminoglycans and glycoproteins in synovial fluid. The selection is a dependable reference for readers interested in the study of amino sugars.