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This book provides detailed information on the history, analysis and applications of chlorine and bromine isotope geochemistry. This largely extended 2nd edition has incorporated most research published between 2014 and 2023, and contains also significantly more information on the earliest experimental data obtained during the early 20th century. This 2nd edition describes isotope studies done on terrestrial samples, and also incorporates the fascinating chlorine (and bromine) isotope ratio investigations obtained from extraterrestrial and astronomical studies, and thus it shows the full extent of the current status of knowledge of this subject.

Renewable energies reduce dependence on fossil fuels and minimize the carbon footprint. Solar panels and wind turbines decrease emissions and costs in the industry. Socially, they benefit disconnected communities, improving quality of life and providing opportunities. Sustainable development seeks equity and social inclusion, driving sustainable energy solutions. Renewable energies promote a prosperous and equitable future, addressing environmental and economic challenges. The energy transition is everyone's responsibility to ensure a greener and brighter tomorrow. On the other hand, environmental biotechnology and marine biology are fundamental to address environmental challenges. Research on treating effluents from the dairy, textile, and mining sectors seeks solutions to reduce water pollution. Industrial waste valorization through biotechnology aims to decrease pollution and resource depletion. The production of bio-products, biomaterials, bioplastics, and biofuels offerssustainable alternatives with a lower carbon footprint. Marine biology focuses on understanding and conserving aquatic ecosystems in the face of climate change and human influence. Biotechnology also contributes to the sustainable use of national biodiversity, with applications in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and agricultural industries. These multidisciplinary fields are advancing towards a more sustainable and environmentally friendly future. The conference proceedings will consist of original research articles, reviews, and short communications covering several types of renewable energies: Solar including photovoltaic cells or solar thermal systems, Wind, Hydropower, Biomass-based energy, Geothermal, Waves Energy, Hydrogen, Bioenergy, or energy from biological processes, and fuel cell systems. In addition, studies focused on Environmental Biotechnology, including Bioremediation, Bioenergy Production, Microbial Fuel Cells, Waste Valorization, Microplastic Biodegradation, Biodegradable Materials and Phytoremediation, as well as focused on Marine Biology, including Marine Biodiversity and Conservation, Marine Genomics, Ocean Acidification, Marine Ecotoxicology, and Marine Biotechnology and Microbiology. Other environmental areas of research can be also included such as industrial wastewater systems or the development of sustainable solutions for a healthier and more resilient environment.

This book discusses the role of science and technology in forging a sustainable and harmonious world. It delves into new horizons in healthcare, food security, climate change, energy, sustainable transportation, role of computational and data sciences in sustainability, and mental health and aims to cultivate innovative solutions that benefit both the planet and its inhabitants. The second volume is inspired by a unified objective: preserving our planet, fostering universal well-being, and envisioning a world where collective efforts drive positive change through an exploration of conventional and emerging technologies. The book chapters enrich the global discourse on sustainability, steering us toward a resilient and healthier future.With every chapter authored by dedicated experts, this book stands as a testament to the commitment to a better world and serves as a great resource for researchers, environmentalists, and students.

This book provides an overview of the history of this site and the complex effects of the hydrological and ecological changes through the landscape changes, vegetation adaptation, biovector contamination, and ultimately habitat restoration. Big Meadow Bog (Brier Island, Nova Scotia, Canada) is a wetland ecosystem with a history of human disturbance. It was ditched for small-scale blueberry production in the 1950s, which significantly altered the hydrology of the system and resulted in vegetation changes and colonization by 3000+ pairs of herring gulls by the 1980s. It is also host to the endangered plant species Eastern Mountain Avens which was the impetus for restoration of the site. This book provides the background to the restoration decisions, the monitoring and science post-restoration and the lessons learned from the science and through collaboration with government and community.

The book is aimed at developing and analyzing fundamentally new mathematical models of dynamicprocesses in the Earth's geospheres, taking into account heredity, in order to detect (predict) natural and manmadethreats. It is known that many natural, technical and social systems are characterized by the property ofheredity (heredity or memory), when the actual dynamic characteristics of the system are determined by itsentire prehistory. Mathematical formalization of such properties in mathematical models is usually ensuredby the introduction of integral terms (memory functionals) with difference kernels. Therefore, taking intoaccount the effects of heredity in dynamic processes and systems also determines the relevance of the study. The topic is devoted to the study of various dynamic processes in geospheres using mathematicalmodeling. Dynamic processes discussed in the book: geomagnetic dynamo, geoacoustic emission,microseismic vibrations, deformation processes, solar activity, seismic activity, processes of transferand accumulation of radon concentration. The book was the first to examine some dynamic processes that have hereditary effects. Researchmethods are based on the following sections of mathematics: mathematical and functional analysis,equations of mathematical physics, differential equations and their systems, integro-differentialequations, fractional calculus, vector analysis, computational mathematics, numerical methods. Alsomethods of object-oriented programming, parallel programming. It should be noted that the research used the principle of the model-algorithm-program triad.Therefore, one of the chapters of the book is devoted to computational algorithms with thepossibility of parallelization. The reader will become familiar with new models of geodynamic processes with heredity andapproaches to their study. The presented numerical algorithms can be reproduced or applied to othersimilar processes. The book will provide comprehensive information about the processes beingstudied and methods of their research, all necessary references will be provided, including thosedefining the current state of affairs in this issue.

This book comprises proceedings of the 28th International Conference on Hydraulics, Water Resources, River and Coastal Engineering (HYDRO 2023). It focuses on emerging opportunities and challenges in the field of soft computing and geospatial techniques in water resources engineering. The book covers a range of topics including, but not limited to, satellite-derived data for hydrologic applications, Geospatial Information System (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS) applications in water resources management, rainfall and streamflow prediction, hydro-informatics, data-driven and artificial intelligent-based hydrological modelling, optimization of water resources systems. The book presents these topics in the form of illustrations and tables, thereby providing the readers with an in-depth insight into the recent research. It also addresses fundamental concepts and studies in the field of soft computing and geospatial techniques in water resources engineering, making it a valuable resource for researchers and professionals working in the fields of hydraulics, water resources and coastal engineering.

This book captures the essence of one of the most remarkable journeys of a professional who prevailed over numerous challenges and adverse situations that appeared before him from nowhere and how he emerged victorious to be hailed at a global forum of the American Geophysical Union in 2008. The author reflects upon the circumstances and times in post-independent India that threw him out of the comforts of a well-to-do family into the real world. He traces back his entry into the field of earthquake science and dwells at length upon the scope and freedom it offered for innovative thinking in the field with limitless opportunities. Mishaps and accidents paved the way to remarkable discoveries and achievements including the creation of the world record for establishing and populating India's first permanent base station in Antarctica in a record time of one Antarctic summer despite having a near-fatal helicopter crash on 4th day after reaching Antarctica. Stressing the need to live safely with earthquakes as their short-term prediction is not a possibility yet, the author advocates a two-prong strategy of directly looking into the earthquake source region deep inside the earth and developing an earthquake-resilient society, simultaneously. He cites the success story of the Indian Tsunami Early Warning System that is operational in the Indian Ocean, today. The book inspires young professionals with a flair for challenges and a burning desire to achieve results at any cost. This book provides important information in a nutshell about artificial water reservoir triggered earthquakes, India's building of the Dakshin Gangotri all-weather station in Antarctica, Indian Ocean Tsunami warning set-up, Low-Temperature Thermal Desalination, etc. The main objective of the book is to inspire a generation of young minds through a narration of scientific achievements that did not come easily to him. The aim is to tell them the difference between a reaction and a response to a given situation, the former being impulsive and irrational and the latter responsible and rational.

This book contains peer-reviewed and selected papers presented during the International Conference on Environmental Geotechnology, Recycled Waste Materials and Sustainable Engineering (EGRWSE) 2023, held at NIT Jalandhar. It discusses the recent innovations, trends, concerns, practical challenges encountered, and the solutions adopted in waste management and engineering, geotechnical and geoenvironmental engineering, infrastructure engineering and sustainable engineering. This book can serve as a useful resource for researchers, educators, policymakers, and professionals working in the field of civil engineering, chemical engineering, environmental sciences, and public policy.

The capacity of humans to destroy their environment is playing out like a Greek tragedy in the Mediterranean Sea. After having coexisted with a diversity of marine animals throughout their history, humans have broken the balance in recent decades, and the survival of countless marine creatures is now increasingly uncertain. However, unlike in classical tragedies, real-life entities are not necessarily doomed by their fate, and there must be hope to turn the tide in nature's favour. Lack of concrete conservation action might be simply due to a lack of awareness: how can we feel sad about a loss if we don't know what we are losing? “Sailing Across a Wounded Sea” is the story of an ideal journey around the Mediterranean to meet its non-human inhabitants, consisting of real episodes collected over half a century as the author observed real animals, exchanged views with a variety of contacts, and argued for such views in the policy arena. Encountering whales, dolphins,seals and rays in their habitat and on their terms will hopefully contribute to building up in readers a collective commitment to help secure a future for these species. A future where they are allowed to flourish as they were meant to - had humans never trod so heavily on the sea's delicate ecological balance and the interwoven natural processes. Giuseppe Notarbartolo di Sciara has been involved for a lifetime in protecting marine biodiversity in various capacities – as a scientist, civil servant, advocate and sailor. Having studied in California and worked with whales, dolphins and sharks worldwide, he returned to the Mediterranean in 1985, keen on using his acquired tools to discover more about the ancient sea's natural history. Here, he described small but vibrant populations of fin and sperm whales, along with various species of dolphins, manta rays and the monk seal. At the same time, seeing the Mediterranean's progressive degradation at the hands of humans, he felt a surge of rebellion against this squandering of natural values, and wished to raise awareness of the existence of these marine natural treasures and the risk of losing them. “Drawing from decades of first-hand experiences, in ‘Sailing Across a Wounded Sea'Giuseppe Notarbartolo di Sciara offers a compelling narrative that interweaves the beauty of the Mediterranean Sea's non-human inhabitants with the challenges they face due to human activity. As he reflects on his journey, the author underscores the imperative for collective action and the need for heightened awareness and proactive conservation measures to protect our oceans. ‘Sailing Across a Wounded Sea'serves not only as a captivating voyage but also as a sobering call to responsibility. Join Giuseppe Notarbartolo di Sciara on this insightful expedition and discover the profound significance of preserving our marine ecosystems for future generations.” —Peter Thomson, United Nations Secretary General's Special Envoy for the Ocean “The Mediterranean, the cradle of civilisation, is a sea steeped in history. From Apollon and Artemis to Pythagoras and Hercules, names in this book summon up images of civilisations past and lost. The greatest Greek philosopher of them all, Aristotle, is also regarded as the father of marine biodiversity, stemming from his research conducted on Lesbos Island. And yet this ancient world, familiar to so many, is under threat. In this book Notarbartolo di Sciara takes us on a modern-day odyssey through these waters, based on over 50 years of personal observations. He reminds us of the impact of the progressive footprint of human action and endeavour, which has spread out across the whole sea, changing, and depleting its beauty and splendour. His voyage paints a picture not just of what is at stake but also of the potential the future can hold if we all work together to give nature a br

This book provides an overview of the dissolved air flotation clarification technology. It brings together the three strands of knowledge and experience accumulated in this field - the analysis of the main phenomena involved and the interactions between them, the equipment for its implementation and its main applications in water treatment. The author draws attention to the design and operation of the different equipment used in practice, their advantages, and disadvantages in the different fields of application of this technology.The book is intended for:•Engineers and technicians working on the design of equipment and its integration into the overall water treatment plant as well as in the operation of flotation plants.•Consultants and engineering offices, hoping that it will help them to make the most appropriate choices regarding the applications of this process, as well as in the equipment selections.•Wastewater treatment plants operators, in the hope that it will help them to optimise the operation of their plants and improve their understanding and analysis of some problems they may encounter.•Purchasers and contractors, who have to make sometime difficult choices for reducing costs and, at the same time, ensure and guarantee the long-term performance and reliability of the plant.The book is oriented towards the practical side of implementing the technology. It contains a lot of information about the equipment (much more than in all other available publications on the same subject) as well as practical comments and recommendations that are very rarely found in this kind of book, written mostly by researchers. It will appeal to specialists who are comfortable with water chemistry, but it may also be of interest to water professionals who are more interested in the equipment, design and operation of water treatment plants.

This book describes the Central Sahara region, bringing together an unprecedented combination of diverse and often historic research published in different languages in order to describe its varied landscapes and landforms. The Central Sahara region consists of Libya, Algeria, Mali, Niger and Chad, countries that share similar landscape histories and common landscape traits, including massifs, sand seas, paleowater features and large depressions. Furthermore, human settlement of this region goes hand-in-hand with climate and environmental changes and landscape evolution during the Holocene and earlier; hence, Central Saharan landscapes and landforms provide valuable insights into landscape–human relationships over long timescales. The book offers a comprehensive yet accessible reference source, drawing on both past and present interdisciplinary research and gathering the insights of authors from many different countries to explore a region that has largely been overlooked in available literature.

This book is an effort to draw attention to the resilience of traditional knowledge systems for a sustainable future in the Himalayas with a particular focus on agriculture and food practices. Through examples from the region, it underscores the importance of these practices in navigating contemporary global environmental challenges. The Himalayan region, known for its socio-cultural diversity and unique agricultural ecology, emerges as a major hotspot of climate change. Therefore, acknowledging and recognizing the lived experiences of the locals along with their traditional knowledge associated with agriculture and food systems becomes imperative for devising adaptation and mitigation strategies amidst the unfolding environmental and climate crisis. Drawing upon insights from local communities and experts deeply rooted in the Himalayan context, this book not only documents traditional agricultural and food systems but also sheds light on the pressing anthropogenic challenges threatening their sustainability. We believe that research and documentation of traditional knowledge practices of the local and indigenous communities are essential for tackling the current and projected global environmental challenges.This book advocates for a holistic approach to addressing both current and future global environmental challenges. It serves as a timely call to action for researchers, policymakers, and practitioners alike.

Latin America has extensive microbial diversity and is endemic for a wide array of infectious agents including dengue, chikungunya, malaria and tuberculosis. In 2014, the WHO cited 93 public health events of potential international concern in the Latin American region where over half (47 events) were caused specifically by chikungunya and other zoonotic pathogens, causing geographically widespread impact affecting 27 countries and territories. Arena, alpha and flaviviruses are RNA viruses, many of which are endemic in South America, are diverse in nature, and can adapt easily to new hosts, creating zoonotic threats. Since more than 70% of emerging diseases are caused by zoonotic agents, it is of great importance to enhance the capacity for detection and diagnosis in the areas where they are most likely to emerge. COVID-19 provided an opportunity to reinforce public health capacities, improve reporting transparency, and enhance regional coordination. Limited but consistent research has been carried out in the region to address the viral threats that account for a significant portion of health concerns. This book describes relevant examples of these achievements and discusses ongoing limitations in the region.

Renewable energy is energy that is collected from renewable resources that are naturally replenished on a human timescale. It includes sources such as sunlight, tides, waves, wind, rain, and geothermal heat. According to BP's-2018 Energy Outlook (EO), renewable energy will be the fastest growing source of energy, increasing fivefold by 2040, thus providing around 14% of global primary energy at this future point in time. On the other hand, climate change is bringing about rising temperatures, which has significant negative impacts on humans and the environment, and transitioning to renewable energy sources, such as biofuels, can help meet this challenge. Transitioning to renewable energy, and reducing reliance on fossil fuels, is one way to help slow down the effects of climate change. While renewables used to be a more expensive option, new clean energy technologies are lowering costs and helping to move economies away from fossil fuels.

This book provides a new and different perspective on human geography as an umbrella understanding of the social science of disaster management, but it is simple to understand, where disaster-affected communities anywhere, for example in this study in disaster communities in Malacca-Timor, eastern Indonesia (female/customary land) can respond to flood disasters with the resilience capacity they have day after day. What is presented in this book is very relevant and indicates the concept of resilience to flood disasters from the perspective of the community (human geography) through the use of applied science along with practical social methods or approaches combined with applied GIS data in the form of nine spatial distribution maps of each resilience capacity/asset that flood-affected communities have in coping with disaster impacts or risks. In the relevance of human geography, natural disasters, and spatial studies, we as readers jointly find a bright spot in this book, that natural vulnerability has an impact on physical, social, cultural, economic, religious, legal, and political vulnerabilities, where communities experiencing flood hazards need to learn to deal with and/or practice the resources they have. The resources they have in the scientific trajectory of human geography, disaster management, and spatial studies are specialized in understanding how effective, efficient, and adequate the resilience they have in the study of sustainable livelihood development, is based on the lens of social-ecological integrity. This book provides a clear and digestible understanding for all readers from interdisciplinary scientific backgrounds.

This contributed book, as a part of a series of CERES publications, contributes to the scientific debate about the interlinkages between climate change, environment, and food systems. It highlights the opportunities to accelerate the transformation of such systems within the perspective of sustainable, inclusive, and climate-smart practices. Most chapters are based on empirical research particularly done in vulnerable and resource-constrained countries from the Global South (such as India, Kenya, Pakistan, South Asia, Sri Lanka, and Vietnam) and provide policy-oriented inputs and recommendations to guide change processes at multiple scales. This project has implications for research, innovation, and policy design.

The Ice Age (Quaternary) is a period of extreme climate fluctuations that led to the growth and melting of massive ice sheets in the high latitudes. Tropical deserts, savannas, rainforests, and mountainous regions experienced equal dramatic climatic changes of which the traces are preserved in sedimentary deposits. The knowledge of tropical climate history is of paramount importance because in the tropics and marginal tropics, natural and - more recently - human-induced processes significantly control global climate. Yet relatively few palaeoclimate records are known from these regions.This book presents the climate archives of the tropics and critically discusses their palaeoclimatic informative value. Based on decades of research the author demonstrates that a lack of geoecological knowledge leads to misinterpretations in modeling climate futures. The results presented here call for a correction of many widely held views about the role of atmospheric greenhouse gases in global warming over the past 150 years.The book is intended for natural scientists of all disciplines who are looking for a synopsis of the problem area'Our climate in the past, present and future in the tropics'.

During the last few years, Greece has become a subject of increasing attention worldwide. Once praised for its ability to innovate and reform during the EU integration process, applauded for its remarkable job in managing the 2004 Olympics, the country fell into a financial crisis of unprecedented magnitude in 2008. Much has been said on this matter, and amid the morass of information a staggering number of untruths have been disseminated.In fact, the challenges of vulnerability and the paradigms of adaptation go way beyond finance and economy in Greece. Mega-fires, earthquakes, landslides and floods, migrations, sociopolitical upheavals, and armed conflicts generate emergency situations repeatedly. Because of its bridging role between natural and social sciences, geography can provide insights into the entire breadth of hazardous and chaotic events driving adaptation and change. Against all these threats, Greece has developed an enhanced resilience capacity. The purpose of this book is to help unravel the complexities of a fascinating country beyond clichés.This book is intended for students, researchers, scholars, and engineers interested in geography, land planning, urban studies, and environmental management. The crises issue intended as a guideline allows widening the audience to include the media, governmental and non-governmental agencies, and the public at large.

Entdecken Sie die faszinierende Welt der roten Sandsteine!Rote Sandsteine, ein wahrhaft einzigartiges Kapitel unserer Erde, erzählen eine Geschichte von Verwitterung und Formationen, die auf jedem Kontinent zu finden sind.Dieses Buch nimmt Sie mit auf eine Reise in den Südwesten Deutschlands und den Nordosten Frankreichs, wo am Rand eines ehemaligen Gebirges der Übergang von grobem Blockschutt zu grobem Sandstein und weiter beckenwärts zu feinerem Sandstein und Letten sichtbar wird. Erfahren Sie, wie kurzzeitig wasserführende Flüsse Gebirgsschutt in Binnensenken und in Richtung Meer verfrachteten, Sandstürme Feinsand und Staub weitflächig verteilten, und wie Winde Sand in Dünen und Ebenen auftürmten. In diesem Prozess wurden Gesteinsbruchstücke von Felsen abgeschlagen, als Körner gerundet, sortiert und auf unterschiedliche Weise abgelagert. Die Vielfalt der Entstehung dieser Sandsteine spiegelt sich in den Schichten und Formationen wider. Die roteFarbe verleiht ihnen ein gemeinsames, markantes Merkmal. Jedes Vorkommen roter Sandsteine ist ein Unikat mit seinen eigenen ortsspezifischen Besonderheiten. Diese faszinierenden Gesteine sind meist verborgen, sodass wir beim Wandern in den Mittelgebirgen nur Mutterboden über den Deckschichten zu Gesicht bekommen. Diese Schichten bestehen größtenteils aus dem Verwitterungsprodukt der roten Sandsteine, und auch sie verdienen eine genauere Betrachtung.Der Sand und Staub, der die roten Sandsteine aufbaut, ist aus anderen, zu Roterde verwitterten Gesteinen hervorgegangen und kam teils als Formation gleichartiger Sandsteine zur Ablagerung, teils als Sandsteinschichten mit wechselnden Eigenschaften. Beim Absinken der Erdoberfläche in größere Tiefen wurden während der geologischen Epochen mehrere hundert bis über tausend Meter Sandstein akkumuliert. Bei veränderten Gebirgsbildungsprozessen wurden diese Sandsteine wieder herausgehoben und an der Oberfläche der Verwitterung ausgesetzt. Hier sehen wir sie in unterschiedlicher Form und Festigkeit an aufragenden Felsen, in den Wänden von Höhlen und in Abgrabungen.Das Buch richtet sich an all diejenigen, die sich für die Geologie und die Geschichte unserer Erde interessieren. Tauchen Sie ein in die Welt der roten Sandsteine und lassen Sie sich auf eine wissenschaftliche Reise mitnehmen, um diese Gesteine zu erkunden und zu verstehen – und dabei auch einen Teil Ihrer Heimat zu entdecken.

Seit der Industrialisierung im 18. Jahrhundert haben sich Ansprüche an Produkte und ihre Produktionsweise geändert. Kunden sind sich im 21. Jahrhundert der Tragweite ihrer Kaufentscheidung bewusster, sodass Hintergrundwissen zu Produktionsbedingungen und Lieferketten eine immer wichtigere Rolle spielen. Mit Hilfe von Produkt-Ökobilanzen ist eine Ermittlung von umweltschonenderen Produktionsverfahren möglich. Ziel dieses Buches ist es, Ihnen diese Ermittlungsverfahren einfach und praxisnah zu erklären. Wie erstellt man eine Ökobilanz? Anhand von realistischen Beispielen wird gezeigt, wie eine Ökobilanz aufgebaut ist, wie bilanziert und berechnet wird.

The main prospects for expanding the mineral resource base of gold are associated with the discovery of typical ore objects within the distribution of productive black shale strata in the Orenburg part of the Southern Urals. The solution of this problem is significantly associated with the discovery, evaluation and involvement in the industrial development of gold deposits lying in the black shale strata. Their practical significance, based on existing concepts, can be considered in several aspects: first of all, it is a possible source of metals, and secondly, they are a reducing geochemical barrier for the deposition of ore matter of deep fluids. The formations of the black shale formation are a favorable geochemical environment for the primary concentration of gold, platinum group elements, tungsten, molybdenum and other metals. Areas of manifestation of tectonic activity, zonal and contact metamorphism, and the dyke complex are of great importance. Moreover, carbonaceous deposits are a very informative material for the reconstruction of paleogeographic and physico-chemical conditions of their accumulation. In this regard, the ore-containing black shales of the Kumak deposit, whose rocks have a specialization in gold, seem to be a very attractive object for a comprehensive study of ore content. They may be of great practical importance for the search for new deposits in the Southern Urals and in other regions with a similar geological structure.

This book encompasses the knowledge about diverse types of advanced functional nanomaterial development using biogenic materials and associated applications along with various types of waste materials. Biomass generated from different industries has been long identified as major organic waste and it is a one of the major sources of contamination in the environment. This book will provide the global scenarios of low-cost biogenic materials and their suitability, pretreatment, and the ways to synthesize different kinds of nanomaterials (NMs) including carbonaceous, organic, inorganic and polymeric methods. The quantitative and qualitative characterization and applications of NMs will also be discussed in this book along with scientific and technical knowledge to manage suitable waste materials for NMs synthesis. Significant gaps and similarities between chemical synthesis and green synthesis along with their mechanism will be covered in detail as a point of comparison. The book will also contain the information on the need of policies required for waste management and option for their utilization along with the sources of their generation. The book also contains latest broad aspects of both practical and theoretical fabrication of metal NPs using biogenic waste materials. An emphasis has been made on the recent research related to advance NPs and their application. This book will be useful for undergraduate students, teachers, engineers and researchers, especially those working in areas of environmental science, material science, physical science, biotechnology, biochemistry and microbiology.

Climate protection and raw material change require new, sustainable carbon sources for the chemical and fuel industries. In fact, processes that recycle carbon-containing emission and gas streams industrially are reaching industrial practice. They will make an important contribution to reducing carbon emissions and moving towards a true carbon circular economy. This book describes the basics of chemical and biotechnological processes for converting CO and CO2 into chemicals and fuels. Furthermore, it addresses potentials for the manufacturing economy, industrial sites and regions and answers the following questions. Which emission and gas streams offer feedstock potential? What processes are already implemented, being tested and under development?What products can be made from gaseous carbon sources?How can carbon emitting and consuming industries be linked into new value chains?What is the regulatory framework?What does the ecological footprint look like?How do the new processes contribute to the regional economy and thus to social acceptance among consumers and among decision-makers in companies and politics?Providing companies with sustainable carbon sources is a central question of the circular economy, which must be answered with technical processes, new cross-sector value chains, adapted infrastructure and further developed framework conditions. This concerns scientists and decision-makers in companies alike. In this book, they as well as interested laymen will find a comprehensive overview of the state of the art in both, technology and research, and of the overriding issues involved in establishing CO2 and CO as feedstocks.

This book is based on the papers accepted for presentation during the 3rd Springer Conference of the Arabian Journal of Geosciences (CAJG-3). The book is of interest to all researchers in the fields of geomorphology, sedimentology, and geochemistry. Papers in the field of geomorphology deal with topics related to fault slip and incision rates, soil science, landslides and debris flows, coastal processes, and geoarcheology and geoheritage. Papers in the field of sedimentology cover research studies in stratigraphy and environmental, tectonic, and diagenetic processes, together with studies focusing on the evolutionary, biostratigraphic, and paleo-environmental significance of paleontology. This section also contains papers on marine geosciences, from molecular proxies related to climate to geophysical surveys. The third set of papers focuses on studies related to geochemistry that are focused on sedimentary geochemistry and mineralogical characterization, magmatic and metamorphic processes and products, and the origin and exploration of mineral deposits. This book resumes the current situation related to the abovementioned topics mainly in the Mediterranean realm and its surroundings. The book is of interest to all researchers, practitioners, and students in the fields of geomorphology, sedimentology, and geochemistry.

The world organizations, including national governments, have already recognized the importance of the Aichi Biodiversity Target, the Paris Agreement, Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), Ecosystem-based Disaster Risk Reduction (Eco-DRR), Low Carbon Society. Therefore, there is an urgent need to act locally to tackle socio-economic, socio-ecological, socio-hydrological, and environmental conservation concerns in changing environments on a local to global scale and need to promote scientific solutions and common knowledge to achieve harmony between nature and humans under the threat of global climate change and the post-Covid-19 pandemic situation. For this purpose, the SLD approach is needed towards environmental and social sustainability. However, the SLD approach is challenging in terms of supply and demand of natural resources, resource depletion, socio-economic inequality, biodiversity loss, and climate change risk from local to the global scale, which vary based on different socio-economic, political, geographical, and cultural factors. Therefore, this book will highlight the environmental and social sustainability research by taking the local/regional case study. This book would also highlights the importance of policy interface at a local to global scale for environmental and social sustainability (ESS) in changing environments.

This book reports on innovative research and developments in the field of environmental protection from the influence of human activities, spanning a wide range of disciplines, including urban environmental development, resources and environment engineering, green technology, and technology potential for environmental management 4.0. Based on the International Russian Conference on Ecology and Environmental Engineering, held on March 25–28, 2024, in Sochi, Russia, the book provides academics and professionals with a timely overview of and extensive information on the state of the art in the field of industrial ecology, ecology of urban infrastructure, and environmental protection and fosters new ideas and collaborations between groups in different countries.

Haben Sie sich jemals gefragt, wie Sie Ihren Freunden und Bekannten erklären können, worauf Sie sich in Ihrem naturwissenschaftlichen Fachgebiet spezialisiert haben? Und haben Sie versucht zu vermitteln, warum dieses Nischenthema unglaublich spannend ist und einen direkten Bezug zum täglichen Leben hat? Genau hier setzt dieses Buch an: Es lädt Sie ein, einen genaueren Blick auf unsere Umwelt zu werfen, ohne sich in technischen Details zu verlieren, sondern eher, um das zugrunde liegende Prinzip zu verstehen. Es bringt Ihnen die Welt der Paläo- und Gesteinsmagnetik näher, ganz gleich, ob sich Ihre Vorstellung von Geologie zwischen bewegenden Erdplatten, Dinosauriern und Steinen bewegt. Das Buch begleitet Sie auf einer unterhaltsamen Reise von den globalen Phänomenen des Erdmagnetfeldes bis hinunter auf die subatomare Ebene der Elektronenbewegungen in Mineralen. Es liefert Ihnen ausgewählte geologische Szenarien für dynamische geologische Prozesse unseres Erdsystems von der Entstehung von Gesteinen in ruhigen Seen bis hin zur Gebirgsbildung. Für das Verständnis sind keinerlei mathematische Formeln erforderlich, obwohl Begriffe wie Paramagnetismus, Ferromagnetismus, Koordinatentransformationen und Anisotropie erklärt werden müssen. Das Buch bedient sich anschaulicher Analogien aus dem Alltag, um komplexe Sachverhalte verständlich zu machen. Ein gelungener Einstieg in die faszinierende Welt der Paläo- und Gesteinsmagnetik in der Geologie für interessierte Laien, Hobby-Geolog•innen, Geowissenschaftler•innen und angrenzende Disziplinen.

The book elaborates on microplastics as a global concern, prompting the need for comprehensive understanding and effective management. It thoroughly explores the various aspects of microplastics, addressing their detection, separation, and contamination in diverse ecosystems. The introductory chapter highlights the global risks associated with microplastics while presenting the challenges and opportunities in tackling this issue. It focuses on the detection techniques employed to identify microplastics, providing insights into the analytical methods and technologies utilized in their characterization. It delves into the separation techniques used to extract microplastics from complex environmental matrices, aiding in their accurate quantification and analysis. The subsequent chapters examine the presence and impact of microplastics in specific ecosystems, including aquatic and terrestrial. It investigates the prevalence of microplastics in water bodies and their detrimental effects on aquatic organisms and elucidates their distribution, transport, and ecological implications on land-dwelling organisms. The book further explores microplastics'occurrence in foods, cosmetics, and air pollution and associated health hazards. It delves into the lesser-known aspects of microplastics influence on nitrogen cycling and nitrous oxide emissions, offering valuable insights into their impact on biogeochemical processes. It discusses microplastics environmental risks and hazards, covering the ecological, biodiversity, and ecosystem-level impacts caused by these persistent pollutants. The concluding chapters focus on sustainable management strategies for mitigating and controlling microplastics proliferation and associated risks. This book provides a comprehensive and multidisciplinary approach for understanding and addressing the challenges posed by microplastics. It serves as a valuable resource for researchers, policymakers, environmentalists, and anyone concerned about the impact of microplastics on planet. This book aims to foster sustainable management practices and contribute to a cleaner and healthier environment by unraveling microplastics complexities.

Das Open-Access-Buch bietet ein Entscheidungshilfesystem für die Beheizung/Kühlung von Stadtteilen durch oberflächennahe geothermische Ressourcen.Die Energieversorgung von Stadtquartieren spielt eine Schlüsselrolle bei der Erreichung der Klimaschutzziele. In diesem Zusammenhang bietet der geologische Raum ein grundlastfähiges Wärmepotenzial für die städtische Wärmeenergieversorgung. Der optimierte Betrieb von Wärmepumpensystemen ist entscheidend für einen niedrigen Primärenergieverbrauch sowie eine effiziente und nachhaltige Nutzung der geothermischen Ressourcen. Die derzeitige Auslegungspraxis für geothermische Großanlagen basiert im Wesentlichen auf den gleichen Bedingungen, die für Einzelanlagen geschaffen wurden. Gefragt sind jedoch Quartierslösungen, die eine optimierte Anlagendimensionierung ermöglichen. EASyQuart entwickelt ein standortbezogenes Entscheidungshilfesystem für die Beheizung/Kühlung von Stadtquartieren unter Nutzung oberflächennaher geothermischer Ressourcen. Die Projektergebnisse umfassen Arbeitsabläufe, Bewertungskriterien und wissenschaftliche Instrumente, die helfen sollen, eine wirtschaftlich ungünstige Systemdimensionierung zu vermeiden. Auf Basis der Ergebnisse sollen Auslegungsverfahren und regulatorische Rahmenbedingungen flexibilisiert werden.

This is a personal story about being involved in the study of nonlinear phenomena for more than half a century. The focus is on the development of ideas and the resulting knowledge. This is the visible part of research, but much is usually hidden. The author describes how the ideas were generated and how an “invisible college” of friends and colleagues has emerged. The presentation is spiced by thoughts about the beauty of science and philosophical considerations on the complex world, where nonlinear interactions play an important role. The book is in some sense a biography but not so much about the personal life of the author – it is about science and its actors. Based on the author's experience in many European research centres and science policy institutions, it reflects on the development of knowledge in nonlinear dynamics as well as science policy actions over the second half of the 20th century and the first quarter of the 21st century. Graduates and postgraduates interested in the progress of research will find the book particularly engaging.

Floods are among the most common and consequential natural disasters on Earth, occurring in all natural areas at all times. Yet, they often surprise us with their unexpected magnitude and the damage they cause. Terms like century and millennium floods quickly become widespread, but what do we really know about the floods of the past? How can we truly classify events like the Mississippi flood of 1993, the Elbe flood of 2002, or the Pakistan flood of 2010? Have such floods occurred before, or are they unprecedented, perhaps even consequences of ongoing climate change? To answer these questions, we must look into the past. However, river level records are often limited in duration, rarely extending back more than a hundred years, and many regions lack any measured values at all. Nonetheless, floods have left their marks. These marks may exist in the form of historical records and descriptions, which vary in extent across different cultural contexts. In addition to historical records, natural indicators like deposited sediments or erosion traces provide valuable information about past flood levels. This is particularly important for prehistoric periods and for regions without dense settlements and related gauges. These investigations lead to further questions about maximum flood levels and the earliest recorded observations. This book addresses these questions by exploring the reconstruction of floods from both historical and prehistoric times. It explains and discusses methods and results for beginners with diverse backgrounds in disciplines such as earth sciences, hydrology, history, and engineering. Extensive and carefully selected reference lists offer access to additional information.

Die Borealis – die größte Waldzone der Erde – ist höchst bedeutsam für das Weltklima, birgt enorme Rohstoff- und Energieressourcen, ist äußerst dünn besiedelt, wird allerdings in der Öffentlichkeit nur relativ wenig wahrgenommen.Dieses essential skizziert ihre ökologischen Strukturen und die Geschichte ihrer Entschließung, zeigt verschiedene Problemfelder zwischen Inwertsetzung und Schutz sowie des Lebens in kaltem Milieu auf und versucht der Frage nachzugehen, wie die Zukunft dieses riesigen nördlichen Naturraumes und seine Bedeutung für den ganzen Planeten aussehen kann.

The book presents the most advanced biotechnological information with respect to microbial applications in the treatment of mineral-metal bearing wastes. With growing interest in practical industrial applications of biomining microbes, of late, a lot of research has been devoted towards exploring their biotechnological potential for processing wastes derived from both primary and secondary resources for metal recovery. The chapters in the book present compiled information on several aspects of this exciting area of mineral biotechnology, that include fundamental, applied, bioprocess engineering and environment in separate chapters. These chapters provide updated information on the microbe-mineral interactions; resource specific bioleaching covering base, precious and rare earth elements leaching from primary and/or secondary resources; processing of leach solutions through biosorption, biomineralization, bio-electrochemical systems for resource recovery; treatment of mine waters, engineering and scale-up aspects of bioreactor systems for bioleaching of specific wastes and environmental challenges related to bio-mining. The book provides a unique platform for the dissemination of the state-of-the-art research on mineral biotechnology and serves as a bridge between academia and industry. Authored by well-renowned experts, it is an appropriate reference for graduate students, scientists, engineers, environmentalists working in the area of mineral biotechnology and industrial technologies.

Der vorliegende Open-Access-Band gibt einen umfassenden Einblick in aktuelle europäische und nationale Anforderungen zur Kreislaufwirtschaft im Bau- und Immobilienwesen. Es beleuchtet die Entwicklungen der Gebäudezertifizierungen sowie die aktuellen Möglichkeiten digitaler Gebäudepässe. Zudem wird erörtert, wie Building Information Modelling BIM verwendet werden kann, um Bauwerksdaten schnell und strukturiert zur Verfügung zu stellen und langgfrisitig entlang der Wertschöpfungskette zu dokumentieren. In einem verlinkten online-Artikel findet sich ergänzend die Beschreibung eines Demoprojektes und eine ausführliche Kriterienliste zum kreislauffähigen Planen und Bauen.

This textbook introduces pipeline design, one of the most efficient techniques for mass and energy transport available today. The global economy heavily relies on pipelines. However, designing a pipeline is more complex than it might seem; it involves many technical and economic factors that must work together to create an optimized system. The book begins with basic concepts of pipelines, including a description of the materials used, heat transfer between the system and medium, and the main components of pumping and compression stations, which are vital for the subsequent chapters. It then presents a simple yet detailed overview of these factors and introduces a mathematical methodology that combines them to deliver an optimized pipe design, minimizing costs and reducing energy consumption. The book also covers the transient verification of this design using well-known balance equations and material property relationships for both incompressible and compressible fluids, to validate the initial design. Finally, the book explores the analysis of multiphase pipelines, where the goal is to transport a particular material (e.g., solid) using a different medium (e.g., air or water).

This book emphasizes the critical importance of agroecological practices as a response to the climate crisis in sub-Saharan Africa. It explores the intricate relationship between agriculture, ecosystems, and climate, advocating for the transformation of farming systems to ensure long-term sustainability. Through research, case studies, and practical examples, the book showcases the potential of agroecology in addressing the impacts of climate change. Sustainable practices such as biodiversity conservation, resource preservation, soil fertility enhancement, and greenhouse gas emission reduction are extensively discussed, providing readers with a comprehensive understanding of the topic.The book also highlights success stories from various countries in sub-Saharan Africa, aiming to inspire farmers, policymakers, and practitioners to adopt and sustain change. It acknowledges the vulnerabilities faced by smallholder farmers in the region and emphasizes the integration of traditional knowledge with scientific advancements. This integration is seen as essential in providing farmers with the necessary resources, information, and capacity-building opportunities to adapt to changing climatic conditions. The book emphasizes the need for collaboration and innovation among governments, research institutions, civil society organizations, and local communities to promote sustainable agricultural development.Ultimately, the book advocates for sustainable agroecological practices as a means to achieve food security, enhance ecosystem resilience, and foster rural development in sub-Saharan Africa. By adopting climate-friendly agricultural approaches and maintaining ecological balance, it envisions a future where communities thrive, ecosystems flourish, and the impacts of climate change are mitigated.The target audience for this book includes students, agroecology experts, farmers, policymakers, and agricultural practitioners who are interested in the subjectmatter.

In many African countries, access to electricity and modern energy fuels remains a significant concern. Over 570 million people in Sub-Saharan Africa still lack electricity, and only 18% have access to modern cooking fuels. The region faces immense challenges, including massive debts, lack of maintenance, and system failures, underscoring the urgent need for investment in the energy sector's transition. Africa's overreliance on fossil fuels and the growing demand for energy, driven by economic expansion and population growth, could lead to sharp increases in greenhouse gas emissions. Meanwhile, urbanization, economic activities, and rising living standards are increasing waste production, making waste management a pressing issue. The absence of adequate waste treatment technologies, financing, and regulatory frameworks exacerbates this challenge. Biomass remains a predominant energy source in Sub-Saharan Africa, often used in its raw state, leading to health hazards from incomplete combustion. However, the continent's abundant agricultural residues and other energetic wastes offer a significant opportunity. These can be transformed into various energy carriers, helping to meet or supplement Africa's energy and fuel needs. The current situation presents a unique opportunity for Africa to shift from a fossil-based economy to a sustainable green economy. Leveraging technology, knowledge, and skills can support this rapid transition and drive economic growth. Innovations in Circular Economy and Renewable Energy highlights current advancements in waste management, biomass utilization for energy, and innovations in green hydrogen production in Africa. This book showcases predominantly African research and insights first presented at the'First International Conference on Circular Economy, Renewable Energy, and Green Hydrogen'in Kumasi, Ghana, in September 2023. Dive into this essential resource to explore transformative waste-to-energy technologies, the hybridization and flexibilization of renewable energy systems, and the path towards a sustainable future for Africa.

Ein Erdbeben erschüttert Haiti und ein Hurrikan wütet in Texas. Wir hören, dass die Natur wütet und versucht, uns durch diese'Naturkatastrophen'zu zerstören. Die Wissenschaft erzählt eine andere Geschichte: die unbequeme Wahrheit, dass Katastrophen nicht die Folge von natürlichen Ursachen sind, sondern die meisten'Naturkatastrophen'durch menschliche Entscheidungen verursacht werden.​In diesem Buch erfahren Sie, wie Katastrophen vermieden werden können und sollten. Menschen mit politischer Macht, Geld und Möglichkeiten, allen zu helfen, vermeiden aktiv, Katastrophen zu verhindern, wenn die Natur ihre Kräfte und Energien entfesselt. Sie werden von Beispielen für schreckliche Katastrophen wie Erdbeben und Hurrikane in Haiti lesen, neben inspirierenden Erfolgen im Umgang mit Waldbränden in Colorado und Überschwemmungen in Toronto und Bangladesch. Die Geschichten nehmen Sie mit auf eine Reise um die Welt und in die Vergangenheit, um die komplexen Faktoren zu erkunden, die Katastrophen verursachen. Die Politik diktiert, wo und was wir bauen, während sie Armut, Marginalisierung und Diskriminierung schafft und aufrechterhält. Wir sollten die Menschen, die diese Entscheidungen treffen, für Katastrophen verantwortlich machen. Doch stattdessen konzentrieren wir uns auf Umweltfaktoren oder Gottheiten, die Todesfälle, Schäden und Störungen'verursachen'.Die Politik diktiert, wo und was wir bauen, während sie Armut, Marginalisierung und Diskriminierung schafft und aufrechterhält und wir konzentrieren uns auf Umweltfaktoren oder Gottheiten, die Todesfälle oder Schäden'verursachen'. Dieses Buch handelt von der Unfähigkeit der Menschheit, mit der Umwelt und mit uns selbst, kollektiv und individuell, umzugehen. Es wird Sie dabei unterstützen, bessere Entscheidungen zu treffen, um zukünftig dazu beizutragen Katastrophen zu verhindern.

This book contains peer-reviewed and selected papers presented during the International Conference on Environmental Geotechnology, Recycled Waste Materials and Sustainable Engineering (EGRWSE) 2023, held at NIT Jalandhar. It discusses the recent innovations, trends, concerns, practical challenges encountered, and the solutions adopted in waste management and engineering, geotechnical and geoenvironmental engineering, infrastructure engineering and sustainable engineering. This book can serve as a useful resource for researchers, educators, policymakers, and professionals working in the field of civil engineering, chemical engineering, environmental sciences, and public policy.

This textbook teaches important material and technological fundamentals in various technical systems and applied geoscientific fields. Beginning with the mineralogical characteristics of selected non-metallic raw materials and industrial minerals, this book presents the connections between properties and industrial applications and discusses the environment-relevant aspects as well as problems of biomineralogy. An introduction is given to important mineralogical and physico-chemical aspects of ceramic materials such as silicate ceramics, glass, cement, refractory materials as well as an overview about material synthesis.This makes it the first textbook to present the fundamentals of applied mineralogy as a material-related geoscience in a compact form and to show important bridges to industrial issues and approaches to solutions. It is aimed primarily at undergraduate students of geosciences and materials science, but is also suitable for related disciplines and practical applications.

Dieser Sammelband stellt die Urbane Produktion als wesentlichen Bestandteil der Produktiven Stadt vor. Er gibt einen Überblick zu Ideengeschichten, aktuellen Diskussionen, Konzepten, Definitionen, Messbarkeit, Relevanz und Potenzialen von Produktionsprozessen im urbanen Raum. Dabei werden notwendige Rahmenbedingungen und deren Wirkungen zum Erhalt und zur Förderung Urbaner Produktion betrachtet.Der Mehrwert des Bandes liegt unter anderem darin, dass auf der einen Seite Herausforderungen und Lösungsmöglichkeiten aus verschiedenen Perspektiven vorgestellt werden, diese aber auf der anderen Seite nach verschiedenen räumlichen Planungsebenen bis hin zur Objekt- bzw. Immobilien-Ebene differenziert werden. Um die Produktive Stadt zu sichern und zu erweitern, bedarf es inter- und transdisziplinärer Bemühungen.Somit diskutieren WissenschaftlerInnen aus unterschiedlichen Disziplinen (Architektur, Maschinenbau, Stadt- und Raumplanung, Stadt- und Immobilienökonomie, Planungsrecht) die Herausforderungen und Potenziale und unterlegen sie mit Beispielen von gelungenen (Re-) Integrationen der Produktion in die Stadt.Das Buch richtet sich sowohl an Studierende, WissenschaftlerInnen als auch StadtplanerInnen und PraktikerInnen aus Architektur, Immobilien-, Stadt- und Unternehmensentwicklung, Planungs- und Bauordnungsrecht sowie Wirtschaftsförderung.

This books presents a brief review of modern concepts of the Sun-Earth problem and proposed physical mechanisms of solar-terrestrial relations (STR). This field covers a wide range of fundamental and actual applied problems of paramount importance (Space Weather, radiation hazard in space, functioning of space-borne and ground-based technological systems, heliobiology etc.). It is also closely tied with some general gnosiological problems.The author provides state-of-the-art information about existing problems and discusses different channels for extraterrestrial influences at the up-to-date level: electromagnetic waves and fields, total solar irradiance, solar wind, energetic solar particles, galactic cosmic rays, cosmic dust, etc. Some of the well-known and suggested STR effects and corresponding physical mechanisms are illustrated by several examples. In particular, a number of different external “signals” in observed changes of terrestrial climate and weather are considered. Especially, an expected impact of geophysical disturbances on the accuracy of some precise physical measurements and experiments is analysed. Due attention is paid to the heliobiological aspects of STR. Particular emphasis is on the multifactor nature of magneto-biological effect (MBE), its non-stationary and non-linear behaviour. The author also discusses main features of different physical mechanisms (electromagnetic fields, ionising radiation, triggers, rhythmic and resonances in solar-terrestrial systems) and their applicability to the Sun-Earth problem. The most of them are still needed in more sophisticated theoretical development and experimental confirmation. The main goals of interdisciplinary studies in this field are to determine partial impacts of solar-geomagnetic variability on the terrestrial environments and estimate (separate) relative contributions of different factors into various STR phenomena. The book is based on lectures given on advanced undergraduate leveland will also benefit newcomers (physicists and engineers) to the field.

This book aims to provide an advanced R software approach that can carry out rainfall trend analysis using Mann-Kendall and Sen's slope estimator tests. The research study follows a systematic approach while utilizing R software as it can greatly facilitate the analysis of rainfall trends. About 30 stations located in the study area and 41 to 50 years'time series were selected for the purpose of analysis. The data for the research was collected from the State Water Data Centre (SWDC) in Gujarat, Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) in Pune, DAAC (NASA), and ESRI. Cluster analysis has been performed to analyze the variability of the mean rainfall. The stations have been divided into 2 clusters with 17 and 13 stations in each cluster which significantly differ from each other. This book is aimed at researchers, scientists and government organizations working in the field of climate change.

Inseln haben nicht nur Wissenschaft und Kunst, sondern die gesamte Menschheit seit jeher fasziniert. Sie regen die Phantasie an und erwecken die Sehnsucht nach Ferne, Fremde und Exotik. Auch die Tourismusbranche hat das lange erkannt und stellt das romantische Inselgefühl ins Zentrum ihrer Werbung für Traumurlaube im „Paradies“. Große Denker haben ihre Überlegungen zu einem idealen Staatswesen an entlegenen, utopischen Inseln festgemacht. Um viele Inseln ranken sich Sagen und Legenden. Doch sind Inseln mehr als Urlaubsträume und Fiktionen: Manche sind Standort von Hochkulturen, andere wurden zu internationalen Finanzplätzen, wieder andere zu kriminellen Steueroasen. Inseln spielten eine entscheidende Rolle für Entdeckungsfahrten, sie schufen die Motivation für richtungsweisende wissenschaftliche Erkenntnisse, wie die Evolutionstheorie. Inseln waren und sind immer bei geostrategischen Konfrontationen beteiligt und blieben auch von innenpolitischen Konflikten nicht verschont. Für viele Flüchtlinge sind Inseln oft die ersten sicheren Anlaufstellen nach einer gefährlichen Seefahrt. Und gleichzeitig dienen Inseln seit jeher als Exil oder Gefängnis, vor allem, wenn sie so „isoliert“ waren, dass eine Flucht unmöglich schien. Eigentlich sind Inseln „nur“ von Wasser umgebenes Land. Doch der Begriff kann auch auf Sprach- und Kulturinseln, auf ethnisch oder sozial segregierte Wohngebiete sowie religiös geprägte „Inseln der Meditation“ ausgeweitet werden. Das vorliegende Buch versteht sich als eine „kulturgeographische Erkundung“: Es wählt diejenigen kulturellen, gesellschaftlichen und politischen Aspekte aus, die am Beispiel von Inseln besonders gut veranschaulicht werden können. Das Buch richtet sich nicht nur an wissenschaftlich interessierte Leserinnen und Leser, sondern auch an Menschen, die aus eigener Erfahrung eine besondere Beziehung zu Inseln haben. Auch für potenzielle Inselbesucherinnen und -besucher, die sich intensiver mit der Thematik auseinandersetzen wollen, ist dieses Buch gedacht. Schließlich sollen die Leserinnen und Leser auch dazu ermuntert werden, sich aus ihren eigenen Blickwinkeln selbständig weiterführende Gedanken zum Thema „Inselwelten“ zu machen.

Geography is fundamental to understanding the way the world works. This text offers readers a short and highly accessible account of the ideas and concepts constituting geography. Including discussion of both the human and the natural realms, the text looks at key themes such as environment, space, and place—as well as geography's methods and the history of the discipline—showing us how and why they are essential for a thriving planet.Introductory but not simplified, Bonnett provides students with the ability to understand the history and context of the subject without any prior knowledge. This short, elegant book will be of interest to all readers intrigued by the “geographical imagination.”

This book composes the proceedings of the international conference on Geo-Spatial Technologies and Earth Resources (GTER 2022) which was co-organized by Hanoi University of Mining and Geology and the International Society for Mine Surveying (ISM) held at Hanoi city on October 13–14, 2022.GTER 2022 is technically co-sponsored by Vietnam Mining Science and Technology Association (VMST), Vietnam Association of Geodesy, Cartography and Remote Sensing (VGCR), Vietnam National Coal-Mineral Industries Holding Corporation Limited (VINACOMIN), and the Dong Bac Corporation (NECO).GTER 2022 aims to bring together experts, researchers, engineers, and policymakers to discuss and exchange their knowledge and experiences in recent geospatial technologies, advances in mining and earth sciences.

The book discusses and organizes planning theories in a new way. Building on a foundation in scientific theory, both planning practice and the planning sciences are thereby classified and their inherent importance is organized in terms of knowledge generation. The core of the book is a knowledge-oriented systematization of planning knowledge in the form of planning theories, the topology of planning theories. The target audience of this work are academic as well as practical users from diverse disciplines with spatial impact, such as spatial planning, urban planning, regional planning, landscape planning, geography, urban studies, architecture and landscape architecture.

Joachim Rathmann stellt die interdisziplinären Bezüge von Wäldern und menschlicher Gesundheit dar. Wälder stellen zahlreiche Ökosystemleistungen für das Überleben, das Wohlbefinden und die Erhaltung und Stärkung von Gesundheit von Menschen zur Verfügung. Wälder bieten multisensorische Erholungsräume und können daher als eine Ressource angesehen werden, die sowohl auf körperliche, mentale und soziale Aspekte von Gesundheit positiv wirkt. Der Autor bereitet natur-, sozial,- und geisteswissenschaftliche Untersuchungen für eine breit gefächerte Leserschaft verständlich, anschaulich und übersichtlich auf.

Mit der Loslösung der Städte und Regionen von fossil-nuklearen Energiequellen gewinnt der energetisch-ökologische Stadtumbau zunehmend an Bedeutung. Eine wachsende Zahl von Akteuren engagiert sich für die Umstellung der Energieversorgung auf erneuerbare Energien sowie für ressourcenschonende ökologische Kreisläufe in ihrem Lebensumfeld. Der energetisch-ökologische Stadtumbau verbessert die Lebens- und Umweltverhältnisse in den Stadtteilen unmittelbar, eröffnet neue Chancen der Wertschöpfung und schafft Arbeitsplätze. Städte werden zu Energiestädten umgebaut, die den Leitmotiven der Nachhaltigkeit, der Minimierung energetisch-ökologischer Fußabdrücke und der Reduzierung des Flächenverbrauchs folgen.Das Buch entwirft Zukunftsbilder des Stadtumbaus für den Diskurs der Akteure. Es werden stadtplanerische, ingenieurtechnische und ökonomische Handlungsfelder des energetisch-ökologischen Stadtumbaus einschließlich ihrer methodischen Lösungswege disziplin-übergreifend beschrieben. Zudieser Darstellung gehört auch die Verdeutlichung anhand einer Vielzahl interessanter Projektbeispiele.Zielgruppe dieses Buches sind insbesondere Kommunalverwaltungen und Klimaschutzmanager, Planungs- und Ingenieurbüros, Umweltorganisationen sowie Studierende und Lehrende.

The book is aimed at description of recent progress in studies of light extinction, absorption, and scattering in turbid media. In particular, light scattering/oceanic optics/planetary optics research communities are greatly benefit from the publication of this book.