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Global warming switches our reliance from fossil fuels to green, sustainable renewable energy sources. Because of its promising nature, high-efficiency nano-electrocatalysts have sparked interest in renewable energy. Hydrogen fuel cell/polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) vehicles are the most environmentally conscious electromobility vehicles, with a high energy density and quick refuelling technology, prompting the auto industry to launch a variety of PEM fuel cell vehicles around the world. Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) primary research interests include fuel cells and metal-air batteries. The sluggish kinetic reaction of ORR, which is responsible for the rate-limiting reaction at the PEM fuel cell cathodic system, further decreases energy efficiency. Optimising ORR for market expansion with cost-effective and efficient nano-electrocatalysts, on the other hand, remains a challenge.The book covers fundamental ORR reaction kinetics theories, tools, and techniques. It also explains the nano electrocatalysts for ORR made of noble, non-noble, and nanocarbon materials. Finally, the book explores the applications of PEM fuel cells and metal-air batteries.

Because of its simplicity of use and quantitative results, Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy (SECM) has become an indispensable tool for the study of surface reactivity. The fast expansion of the SECM field over several years has been fueled by the introduction of new probes, commercially available instrumentation, and new practical applications. Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy, Third Edition offers essential background and in-depth overviews of specific applications in self-contained chapters.The vitality and growing popularity of SECM over the past 30+ years have largely been determined by its versatility and capability to remain useful in the changing scientific and technological environments. New applications reported during the last decade reflect significant current activity in biomedical and energy-related research. This thoroughly updated edition provides up-to-date comprehensive reviews of different aspects of SECM.New chapters by renowned professionals in the field cover recent advances in different areas of SECM including nanoSECM, surface reactions and films, batteries, and fuel cells. Expanded coverage of electrocatalysis and surface interrogation as well as photoelectrochemistry and photoelectrocatalysis are also provided.Useful for a broad range of interdisciplinary research—from biological systems to nanopatterning—this book is invaluable to all interested in learning and applying SECM.

Flow batteries have received attention in large-scale energy storage due to their flexible design, high safety, high energy efficiency, and environmental friendliness. In recent years, they have been rapidly developed and tested in a variety of scales that prove their feasibility and advantages of use. As energy becomes a global focus, it is important to consider flow battery systems. This book offers a detailed introduction to the function of different kinds of redox flow batteries, including vanadium flow batteries, as well as the electrochemical processes for their development, materials and components, applications, and near future prospects. Redox Flow Batteries: Fundamentals and Applications will give readers a full understanding of flow batteries from fundamentals to commercial applications.

Electrochemical Energy: Advanced Materials and Technologies covers the development of advanced materials and technologies for electrochemical energy conversion and storage. The book was created by participants of the International Conference on Electrochemical Materials and Technologies for Clean Sustainable Energy (ICES-2013) held in Guangzhou, China, and incorporates select papers presented at the conference.More than 300 attendees from across the globe participated in ICES-2013 and gave presentations in six major themes: Fuel cells and hydrogen energy Lithium batteries and advanced secondary batteries Green energy for a clean environment Photo-Electrocatalysis Supercapacitors Electrochemical clean energy applications and markets Comprised of eight sections, this book includes 25 chapters featuring highlights from the conference and covering every facet of synthesis, characterization, and performance evaluation of the advanced materials for electrochemical energy. It thoroughly describes electrochemical energy conversion and storage technologies such as batteries, fuel cells, supercapacitors, hydrogen generation, and their associated materials. The book contains a number of topics that include electrochemical processes, materials, components, assembly and manufacturing, and degradation mechanisms. It also addresses challenges related to cost and performance, provides varying perspectives, and emphasizes existing and emerging solutions.The result of a conference encouraging enhanced research collaboration among members of the electrochemical energy community, Electrochemical Energy: Advanced Materials and Technologies is dedicated to the development of advanced materials and technologies for electrochemical energy conversion and storage and details the technologies, current achievements, and future directions in the field.

Written by an industry-leading scientist, Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells explains the theoretical foundations of PEM fuel cells in relation to practical design and operation to not only help beginners grasp the essentials, but also guide industry professionals in tackling technical challenges. Useful to scientists, researchers, students, academics, and practicing engineers, the book covers the fundamentals, materials, components, modules, system architecture, applications, and current developmental status; offers real-world examples; and provides insight into advancing this sustainable clean technology.

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The Handbook of Membrane Separations: Chemical, Pharmaceutical, and Biotechnological Applications provides detailed information on membrane separation technologies as they have evolved over the past decades. To provide a basic understanding of membrane technology, this book documents the developments dealing with these technologies. It explo

In addition to enabling a clean and energy efficient future, alternative fuel sources are fast becoming a necessity for meeting today's growing demands for low-cost and convenient energy. The Handbook of Alternative Fuel Technologies offers a thorough guide to the science and available technologies for developing alternatives to petroleum fuel sour

Fuel cell science and technology is evolving fast for the past two decades as it is thought to be an efficient way of transforming chemical energy of hydrogen rich compounds to electrical energy. Although this idea of direct conversion of chemical energy to electrical energy was first demonstrated by Sir William Grove in 1839 using a fuel cell, it was only in the middle of the twentieth century when Bacon's pioneering work led to the use of fuel cell in space missions. The interest in commercialization of fuel cell for civilian use has caught up with government organizations and private corporations for the past decade on account of fluctuating oil prices and environmental concerns. It is well known that the conventional fossil fuel, which is a primary source of gasoline, is not going to last more than a hundred years in the face of ever-increasing demand in the developed and developing countries. Although the reserves of natural gas, coal and tar sands may last another two to three hundred years with the current rate of production, their conversion is not efficient and pollution-free. Thus, scientists all over the world have taken up fuel cell development work in their quest of solution to the energy crises looming largely on global population. This book aims to script the present status of the rapidly developing field of fuel cell science and technology.