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This book provides a comprehensive review of nanomaterials, including essential foundational examples of nanosensors, smart nanomaterials, nanopolymers, and nanotubes. Chapters cover their synthesis and characteristics, production methods, and applications, with specific sections exploring nanoelectronics and electro-optic nanotechnology, nanostructures, and nanodevices. This book is a valuable resource for interdisciplinary researchers who want to learn more about the synthesis of nanomaterials and how they are used in different types of energy storage devices, including supercapacitors, batteries, fuel cells solar cells in addition to electrical, chemical, and biomedical engineering.Key Features: Comprehensive overview of how nanomaterials can be utilised in a variety of interdisciplinary applications Explores the fundamental theories, alongside their electrochemical mechanisms and computation Discusses recent developments in electrode designing based on nanomaterials, separators, and the fabrication of advanced devices and their performances

This book presents extensive and up-to-date information on the anti-proliferative properties of various plant seeds for their application in pharmaceutical industry and medicinal research. This information is imperative for understanding and developing high quality products from the seeds.The book provides insights about anticancer and antitumour activities present in seeds. Different chapters cover the traditional knowledge as well as recent innovations in various seeds, such as prune, pumpkin, grape fruit, sesame, sunflower, bitter gourd, papaya, mango, apple, black plum, cumin, water melon, musk melon, cotton, carambola, pear, cardamon, moringa, wallich, Chinese cabbage, pistachio, etc. and their bioactivities for the applications in cancer and malignancy proliferation. The book introduces the readers to seed as a bioactive compound, and delineates the various health effects. It further explains the relation between the different metabolites and their effect on cell proliferation. Finally the book goes on to explain different seeds and their specific anti-cancer properties. This book is useful for students and researchers of pharmacology, botany and cancer research. It also caters to industry experts in pharmaceutical sciences.

This book presents an update on the state of the art in nanobiology and various nanoparticle synthesis and characterization methods. Further, the application of nanomaterials in agriculture (nanobiofertilizers and nanobiopesticides), environmental remediation (bio-nanoaugmentation), and public health (diagnosis, treatment, and drug delivery) is also a key area of this book. This book serves as a roadmap for researchers to fill various gaps by designing and organizing future research. It offers a crucial reference for academic researchers in nanotechnology, medicine, material science, toxicology, agriculture, environmental science, and biomedical science.

This book highlights recent advances in natural and synthetic biomaterials-based hydrogel for drug delivery carriers and tissue engineering. It covers key topics such as chitosan, alginate, gelatin, cyclodextrin, cellulose, starch, hyaluronic acid, dextran, collagen hydrogel, Injectable hydrogel magnetic hydrogel, DNA-based hydrogels, 3D printing of hydrogels, hydrogel for bone tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, etc. Each chapter develops a particular aspect of recent advances in biomaterial-based Hydrogels delivery systems to cover the importance, fabrication technology, characterization, evaluation, delivery of therapeutic and biomedical applications, and future perspectives. Written by a group of renowned scientists, chemists, biologists, and engineers from around the world, the book is designed as an important reference resource for scientists and researchers working on advanced biomaterials in the fields of pharmaceuticals, biomedical science, biomedical engineering,nanotechnology, and material science for most updated findings and future research trends.

This book presents nanoparticles as potential drug delivery carriers for overcoming the blood-brain barrier. The initial chapter of the book discusses complex brain disorders, the currently available therapies, and their limitations. The book discusses the potential applications of polymeric nanoparticles, lipid nanocarriers, liposomes, inorganic nanoparticles, dendrimers, and stimuli-responsive polymers for targeted brain drug delivery. Further, it evaluates the development and role of different cell lines and animal models in brain research. Towards the end, the book reviews challenges, safety, toxicity, regulatory aspects, future possibilities, and constraints in the clinical translation of nanocarrier systems to treat neurological disorders. The book as such provides valuable information to neuroscientists, and researchers working in pharmaceuticals, nanomedicine, drug delivery research, and nanotechnology. ​

This book brings together various topics of nanomaterials in various industrial applications to promote sustainable development practices. The first part of the book describes green nanotechnology for clean energy and environmental sustainability, which includes heavy metal detoxification from water, wastewater remediation, dye degradation, and bioremediation. The second part of the book covers sustainable biomedical applications of nanomaterials such as antibacterial activity and drug delivery systems, which includes the toxicological as well as the antibacterial impacts that nanoparticles have on microorganisms. The subsequent chapters discuss the roles of nanomaterials for sustainability in agriculture, crop protection, plant disease management, food technology (increasing the efficiency of the food industry), and the textile industry. The book caters to researchers and scientists who are interested in the utilization of nanomaterials to enhance sustainable industrial practices.

This book provides an overview of the drug discovery process from natural sources such as plants and microbes. While technological advances have streamlined the drug discovery process, enhancing the throughput and success rates, the structural features of natural products remain the primary reference for small-molecule drug discovery. Focusing on the drug targets blocked/altered by natural/nature-inspired molecules, it covers how potential drug leads are screened and identified using appropriate assay systems, and the current status of drugs identified using such approaches. State-of-the-art approaches in target identification, assay development, and lead identification have also been discussed in detail. Other topics included are targets and leads in inflammation, cancer, reproductive medicine, cardiovascular and neuromuscular ailments, and infectious diseases as well as the challenges in translating drug leads into clinically viable drugs. This volume serves as a handbook for researchers in phytochemistry and drug discovery, and as a reference for researchers and students of applied biology.

For sustainable environmental management as a whole, the roles of phytoremediation and biofortification as two sides of the same coin must be highlighted. Phytoremediation is a process in which biological organisms are used to eliminate or nullify an environmental pollutant by a metabolic course of action. Biofortification, in contrast, is an agrarian process that enhances the micronutrient content of a food crop through plant breeding, genetic modification, use of enriched fertilizers, or management of agricultural practices. These two strategies, although targeting different objectives, both work on the same principle of the bio-extraction process that involves uptake, accretion, removal, and modification of micro- and macro-nutrient elements from the soil. This volume offers a comprehensive overview of phytoremediation and biofortification of Zn, Fe, Cu, and Cd, etc., and illustrates the emerging and innovative combination of these technologies.With chapters written by experts, the book highlights a wide range of topics and discusses the integration of advanced phytoremediation and biofortification approaches for sustainable ecological and health management. Topics include phytoremediation and biofortification strategies that use nanotechnology; algae, fungi, and other plants; CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome engineering; and more for decontamination of water and soil and for fortifying plants against climate change, toxic chemicals, and other challenges.Key features: reviews and integrates the currently available information on phytoremediation and biofortification from molecular, biochemical, and physiological levels provides a direction towards implementation of programs and practices to enable the sustainable production of crops, resilient to climatic alterations This volume will be valuable for investigators who are working or have an interest in sustainable environmental management as well as for research students, teachers, scientists, and engineers, whether in academia, industry, or government, and those who have an interest in environmental remediation and micronutrient fields.

This book provides perspectives on the combinatorial approach of plant-based compounds for drug discovery to achieve better disease-curing outcomes introducing the evolution of ethnobotany and traditional medicine in modern drug development. It covers the biotechnological interventions for the identification and screening of compounds and their optimization to enhance affinity, selectivity, bioavailability, and metabolic stability. While overviewing how essential compounds are successfully identified from herbal/ medicinal plants and utilized in the form of effective drugs which eventually have helped in combating long-term diseases in humans, the book also provides a better understanding of how infection and the diseases caused are regulated at the molecular and physiological stages. The book also highlights the importance of bioactive compounds in modern drug discovery and the perspectives for a potential industrial application. The chapters are developed by eminent subject experts with due care and clarity and cover an up-to-date literature review with relevant illustrations. The book would cater to the needs of undergraduate and graduate students, researchers, and scientists, and may attract the attention of pharmaceutical companies/industrialists and health policymakers.

This book highlights microbial products and their applications in the health sector. The chapters introduce novel advancements and applications in different pharmaceutical and nutraceutical aspects of applied microbiology. Readers will obtain a detailed overview of the relevance of microbial metabolites to human health and nutrition. Besides knowing the products already developed, they will also get an idea of microbial products currently in the development pipeline and those that are likely to emerge as potential nutraceuticals. Readers will get an interesting and useful perspective on how supplementing food with microbes or their bioactive metabolites can realize the idea of'food as medicine'. This book introduces the biological activities of various microbial fermentation products, and how they are relevant to mitigating various disease conditions (e.g. neuropathy, diabetes, gut dysbiosis, malnutrition, etc.) in humans. One of the highlights of this volume is the exploration of microbial pigments as potential substitutes for synthetic colorants, offering safer and more sustainable alternatives for the food and healthcare industries. The book has equivalent contributions from experts in academia and industry to fill the communication gap between them. Through this book, readers will gain valuable insights into the historical perspectives, contemporary impacts, and future prospects of microbial applications in health and nutrition. From food preservation to biopharmaceutical production, the potential of microbial products to revolutionize our approach to health and wellness is undeniable.

This proceedings book of ICES 2023 presents the most recent studies on environmental sciences and environmental sustainability, which contributes to the resolution of environmental issues (air pollution, water pollution, soil pollution, noise pollution, thermal pollution, radioactive pollution, light pollution, and global warming). The discharge of environmental pollutants from industrial, commercial, residential, and sensible locations must be handled with care, since it may harm the air, water, and land if not adequately treated. As a result of the enormous volume of wastewater and environmental pollution generated daily, the majority of designs and developments of wastewater technologies and environmental treatment were unable to handle the load. This is a threat to sustainable growth, and it must be resolved in a precise, dependable, urgent, and timely manner. Sustainable creative and technical transfer approaches that can be utilized for supporting, operationalizing, and providing sustainable wastewater and environmental treatment solutions are of interest to us. The authors hope that the book covers the possible spectrum of wastewater technologies and environmental treatment up to a high level of environmental protection, clean and green management lessons, identify the barriers to transformational change, and then inform the agenda and initiatives for sustainable development. ICES 2023 is devoted to wastewater technology and environmental treatment, with an emphasis on environmental protection at the highest level. ICES 2023 aims to disseminate current knowledge and sustainable development, share experience and lessons gained, and generate conversation and reflection in order to promote a paradigm shift that is sustainable. With the distribution of sustainable wastewater technology and environmental treatment, the ultimate goal is to bring revolutionary change to sustainable development.

Biochemistry is concerned with the chemical processes that occur within living organisms and microorganisms. There have been a number of publications focusing on biochemistry and its use for understanding biochemical and molecular mechanisms, with the majority of the literature focusing on bench scale items. To date there has not been a comprehensive work focusing on the techno-economic and industrial aspects of biochemistry from the microeconomic and pilot scales. This text covers current innovations and advances in plant biochemistry, animal biochemistry, microbial biochemistry and medicinal biochemistry plus potential uses of proteomics, genomics, recombinant DNA technology and protein application. Recent Advances in Industrial Biochemistry focuses on methods for recombinant proteins production and purification plus metabolic engineering and other source technologies from the industrial viewpoint, providing comprehensive, up-to-date information and evidence on contemporary development in the field of industrial biochemistry. The major focus of this book is the key issues, opportunities, approaches, advancements, products, innovations and technologies in current biochemistry from micro scale to production at pilot scale. Chapters highlight the many potential commercial prospects in various industries from food to to pharmaceuticals to bioenergy, providing a valuable and unique single resource for researchers.

This book sheds light on this global environmental issue and proposes solutions to reduce contamination through multi-disciplinary approaches. Water is considered a vital resource because it is necessary for all aspects of human and ecosystem survival. However, due to natural processes and anthropogenic activities, various pollutants have been added to the groundwater system. Among these, heavy metals are some of the most serious pollutants. Cd, a toxic heavy metal used in Ni-Cd batteries, the coloration of plastic and various discarded electronic products released into the water system causes serious health issues. The chronic exposure to Cd produces a wide variety of acute and chronic effects in humans.This edited book brings together a diverse group of researchers to address the challenges posed by global mass poisoning caused by cadmium contamination of water bodies. This book contains three sections. The first section describes the different sources and distribution of cadmium in water ecosystem. The second section explains the health risks linked to cadmium toxicity. The third section addresses sustainable cadmium toxicity mitigation strategies and the potential applications of recent biological technology in providing solutions.

Endophytes have unique characteristics to propagate inside host plants and aide the host by providing additional defense against environmental stresses and phytopathogens. Among endophytes, endophytic fungi have been recognized as a proliferating source for the production of bioactive compounds with potential in both the agricultural and health industries.Excessive use of pesticides in agriculture as well as in the food supply chain have led to increased antimicrobial resistance (AMR), which is one of the more serious global health concerns. Endophytic fungi and their associated bioactive substances have been reported to show natural ability to fight against pathogens and can reduce the development of AMR in nature. Studies also reported their potential as producers of hormones that enhance plant growth and several compounds having biological activities without any adverse effects.This book covers the pharmaceutical potential offungal endophytes as elucidated through advanced bioinformatics tools and modern techniques. Also synthetic drugs are losing their efficacy to treat microbial-induced disease due to this emergence of drug-resistant microbes. Therefore, insight into the detection of valuable plant constituents is a pressing priority in order to achieve effective pharmaceutical treatments. This book provides lucid discussion of the most recent research and provides knowledge about the applications of endophytic fungi with a specific focus to their pharmaceutical potential.

This book presents research on biomass pretreatments, which are a fundamental part of bioethanol fuel production to make biomass more accessible. This book also includes an introductory section on the bioethanol fuels.Bioethanol Fuel Production Processes. I: Biomass Pretreatments is the first volume in the Handbook of Bioethanol Fuels (Six-Volume Set). The primary pretreatments at the macro level are the biological chemical, hydrothermal, and mechanical pretreatments of the biomass. It also has an introductory section on the biomass pretreatments at large for bioethanol fuel production. The major pretreatments at the micro level are the enzymatic and fungal pretreatments of the biomass as the biological pretreatments, acid, alkaline, ionic liquid, and organic solvent pretreatment pretreatments of the biomass as the chemical pretreatments, steam explosion and liquid hot water pretreatments of the biomass as the hydrothermal pretreatments, and milling, ultrasonic, and microwave pretreatments of the biomass as the mechanical pretreatments.The first volume also indicates that a wide range of pretreatments stand alone or in combination with each other fractionate the biomass to its constituents of cellulose, lignin, and hemicellulose and improve both sugar and bioethanol fuel yield, making this bioethanol fuel more competitive in relation to crude oil- and natural gas-based fossil fuels.This first volume is a valuable resource for the stakeholders primarily in the research fields of energy and fuels, chemical engineering, environmental science and engineering, biotechnology, microbiology, chemistry, physics, mechanical engineering, agricultural sciences, food science and engineering, materials science, biochemistry, genetics, molecular biology, plant sciences, water resources, economics, business, management, transportation science and technology, ecology, public, environmental and occupational health, social sciences, toxicology, multidisciplinary sciences, and humanities among others.

Applied Biotechnology Strategies to Combat Plant Abiotic Stress investigates the causal molecular factors underlying the respective mechanisms orchestrated by plants to help alleviate abiotic stress in which Although knowledge of abiotic stresses in crop plants and high throughput tools and biotechnologies is avaiable, in this book, a systematic effort has been made for integrating omics interventions across major sorts of abiotic stresses with special emphasis to major food crops infused with detailed mechanistic understanding, which would furthermore help contribute in dissecting the interdisciplinary areas of omics-driven plant abiotic stress biology in a much better manner. In 32 chapters Applied Biotechnology Strategies to Combat Plant Abiotic Stress focuses on the integration of multi-OMICS biotechnologies in deciphering molecular intricacies of plant abiotic stress namely drought, salt, cold, heat, heavy metals, in major C3 and C4 food crops. Together with this, the book provides updated knowledge of common and unique set of molecular intricacies playing a vital role in coping up severe abiotic stresses in plants deploying multi-OMICS approaches This book is a valuable resource for early researchers, senior academicians, and scientists in the field of biotechnology, biochemistry, molecular biology, researchers in agriculture and, crops for human foods, and all those who wish to broaden their knowledge in the allied field. - Describes biotechnological strategies to combat plant abiotic stress - Covers the latest evidence based multipronged approaches in understanding omics perspective of stress tolerance - Focuses on the integration of multi-OMICS technologies in deciphering molecular intricacies of plant abiotic stress

Microbial Biotechnology for Bioenergy presents the new and emerging biotechnological and microbiological approaches in bioenergy and their economic, social, and environmental implications. Using the latest global data and statistics, it analyses how bioenergy technology improves quality of life by reducing air and water pollution and mitigates energy dependence by creating renewable resources in local communities. The book is formed of three sections; Section 1 addresses the'Sources, Challenges, and Environmental Views of Bioenergy and includes an overview of bioenergy, global statistics and projections for future bioenergy development, the role of biotechnology and bioprocesses in bioenergy, feedstock sources, challenges, decarbonisation, and emerging innovations and technologies. Section 2'Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow: Innovations of Bioenergy examines the vast topics of biotechnology and microbiology for bioenergy, reviewing both the present day state-of-the-art and future potential. Readers will find dedicated chapters on bioconversion of biomass energy and biological residues, the role of microbes, the potential of organic waste to provide bioenergy, the biotechnology of biofuels such as bioethanol, biodiesel, and biohydrogen, the sustainability of cellulosic ethanol energy and artificial photosynthesis, Power-to-X and integrating energy storage innovations, and the sustainability of microbial fuel cells. Finally, Section 3 explores the policies and environmental aspects of bioenergy, providing a global perspective on the current and future impact of bioenergy, including global projections based on present day global statistics. Microbial Biotechnology for Bioenergy is a valuable reference for biotechnologists, environmental engineers, and microbiologists interested in bioenergy, and includes explanations of the fundamentals and key concepts to ensure it is accessible to students as well as researchers and professionals. - Critically reviews past, present, and future bioenergy technologies, including global statistics, policies, and emerging approaches - Highlights opportunities to improve quality of life and mitigate energy dependence, reducing air/water pollution and creating renewable resources in local communities - Explores environmental benefits of incorporating microbial remediation into bioenergy production

Fundamentals of Recombinant Protein Production, Purification and Characterization is organized into nine chapters in a logical fashion that cover an introduction to recombinant proteins and expression in different host expression systems, extraction, purification and analysis of proteins. This important reference features protocols, along with the advantages and disadvantage of each expression hosts and characterization technique (presented in tabular format) and offers detailed coverage of all aspects of protein production and processing (upstream and downstream processing) in one place. Finally, the book ends with different characterization techniques. Production of recombinant proteins for biotechnological and therapeutic applications at a large scale is an essential need of mankind. With the huge application potential of therapeutic and industrial proteins, there has been increasing demand for effective and efficient bioprocessing strategies. Recent progress around recombinant DNA technologies and bioprocessing strategies has paved the way for efficient production of recombinant proteins. Important factors such as insolubility and cost of production need to be considered for large scale production of these recombinant proteins. - Includes step-by-step reproducible protocols while also providing updated information on the rationale and latest developments in expression systems - Can also be used as a handbook for protein expression and purification as expression systems and chromatographic methods are explained in detail - Consists of notes on troubleshooting from the eminent researchers in the field - Provides comprehensive information on protein production, purification and characterization in a single volume - Describes different purification methods for comparatively difficult to obtain proteins - Brings the topics of recombinant protein expression, purification and characterization together, thereby making it the first resource on how to solve problems with respect to upstream and downstream processing of heterologous proteins

This book is a reference material on how to sustainably manage water crises. The causes and effects of water crises under different regions in the Global South are explored in this book. Approaches for the sustainable management of water crises are also highlighted in the book, especially in the Global South, where the level of technologies available for sustainable management of water are limited. Water crisis is a global problem but with disproportionate higher consequences in the lobal South. About 25% of the global population resides in water-stressed countries, and about 10% of the world population lives in areas with high water vulnerability. Furthermore, many millions of people across the globe lack access to potable water supplies. As such, many people could be displaced by water crises or scarcity shortly. The effects of the water crisis on the environment include increased salinity, nutrient pollution, the loss of floodplains, the drying ofriverbeds, the loss of habitat, wetlands disappearing, and ecosystem loss. On the human level, it could lead to disease outbreaks, drought, famine, and death. This may have more severe effects in countries in the Global South as compared to nations in the Global North. This is because the water cycle is very intense in Asia and Africa, which are important areas in the Global South. This book is of interest and useful to aquatic toxicologists, water quality experts, practitioners, trainees, and trainers, environmentalists, biological sciences scientists, academics, researchers, students (especially undergraduates and postgraduates), libraries, and other public knowledge repositories interested in novel and advanced practices in sustainable water management.

The elapsing time from producer to consumer has significantly increased as a result of food marketing and trade globalization. Consequently, maintaining quality along the food value chain is becoming a significant challenge. Postharvest losses are considered a major component of food loss and waste in the supply chain from farmers to consumers, due to improper handling, storage, transport, preservation techniques and spoilage. Postharvest science aims to extend the shelf life of fresh and perishable commodities, and to reduce heavy losses, thereby contributing to food security. While significant progresses have been made in postharvest preservation and shelf-life extension, the continuous development of emerging technologies have changed our vision on postharvest science. Furthermore, recent advancements in molecular engineering of horticultural crops for quality improvement; the development of genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics have led to a better understanding of the physiology and the biochemistry of the senescence processes, resulting in better preservation and improved production of fresh crops. This two-volume work focuses on innovative technologies that extend and preserve shelf life of fruits and vegetables. Volume 1 offers a review on the state of the art modern technologies in the postharvest filed. The accompanying Volume 2 explores advanced and novel technologies after harvest, particularly the application of nanotechnologies to packaging materials.

This book presents fundamental principles and recent advancements in managing waste in an environmentally sustainable manner. It explores a wide array of methods and technologies designed to transform waste, thereby reducing health impacts across various stages such as waste minimization, transportation, handling, storage, and disposal of solid wastes. Moreover, the book delves into waste-contaminated site assessment methods, environmental issues and impacts, as well as the latest regulatory and policy statutes. The inclusion of case studies allows for the assessment of diverse waste management challenges, showcasing how environmental engineering methods can be applied to process industrial waste sustainably. For instance, certain sections of the book delve into the intricate microbial communities and their metabolic pathways, illustrating their role in the remediation and management of municipal waste at landfill sites. This book caters to a broad audience, including teachers, researchers, practitioners, environmental engineers, chemical engineers, soil scientists, policymakers, and students specializing in environmental engineering, chemical engineering, environmental biotechnology, and environmental science.

This book covers the fundamental principles of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) and their synthesis methodologies, offering readers a solid understanding of these unique materials. It delves into the design and selection of template molecules for imprinting, as well as polymerization techniques and strategies for optimizing MIP performance. With a focus on real-world applications, the book showcases the wide range of environmental health problems that MIPs can address. It discusses the detection and quantification of pollutants in air, water, and soil using MIP-based sensors and biosensors. Additionally, it explores the use of MIPs in environmental remediation, such as the adsorption and removal of contaminants, as well as the development of MIP-based materials for water and soil treatment. The book also highlights the analytical applications of MIPs in environmental health, including separation and purification techniques, sample preparation, and preconcentration methods. It examines how MIPs can be integrated into analytical instrumentation and detection systems to enhance environmental analysis. By bringing together interdisciplinary knowledge from the fields of environmental science, chemistry, polymer science, analytical chemistry, and environmental engineering, this book provides readers with a comprehensive understanding of the potential of MIPs as artificial antibodies for environmental health. With its emphasis on real-world applications and case studies, it offers practical insights that researchers, academics, and professionals can apply in environmental monitoring, remediation, and analysis projects.

This book focuses on the various applications of microorganisms for sustainable environment and the reduction of hazardous pollutants released in various forms, including xenobiotics, e-waste, pesticides, insecticides, plastic, heavy metals, paper waste, medical waste, textile dyes, and their impact on environmental and human health. The book involves a series of research reports that explain the application of microbes used to solve real-life issues raised due to changes happening in environment, including pollution, by covering applications, including the use of bacteria, fungi, microalgae and biofilm in the detection and degradation of crude oil, pesticides, dyes, e-waste, heavy metals and other pollutants. It also focuses on integrative strategies in the application of microbial nanomaterials for remediation of pollutant. This material will help environmental scientists and microbiologists to learn about existing environmental problems and suggest novel ways to control or contain their effects by employing various treatment approaches.

This book addressed the pressing challenges of climate change, land scarcity, and food security, offering a comprehensive synthesis of research on using, managing, and reclaiming marginal lands in Africa. Unfavourable climatic conditions and rapid population growth intensify competition for land, putting pressure on traditional agricultural soils thus necessitating a transition towards underutilized marginal lands. Reclaiming these damaged and undervalued areas through various technologies presents a promising path not only to food independence but also to second-generation biofuel feedstock production, utilizing excess biomass from these revived lands. While recent years have seen increased focus on restoring degraded lands, a crucial gap remains i.e. a unified knowledge base detailing the efficacy of various reclamation technologies. This book fills that void, empowering farmers and policymakers with the insights they need to make informed decisions, mobilize resources effectively, and ultimately help Africa meet its projected 60% food demand increase.

This book provides an in-depth overview of marine greens and their environmental and biotechnological applications. It addresses concepts such as the niche adaptation strategies of marine greens in their natural habitats, as well as their global distribution, and factors affecting their distribution and proliferation.Marine greens are posited as an alternative to fossil fuels, mitigating global climate change and thereby fostering future environmental sustainability. In addition, the book explains the remediation of xenobiotics, wastewater, microplastics, marine debris and marine green contamination. Expert authors from around the world explore the industrial and agricultural applications of marine greens in the production of enzymes and marine bioenergy, and what is needed to improve its production potential.This is important reading for government and non-governmental organizations as well as industries and research institutions looking for ways to combat current industrial and environmental challenges.

This book focuses on the applications of plant growth promoting microorganisms (PGPMs) in the form of bioinoculants to enhance the crop productivity and resilience against pathogens. Chapters explain the latest findings on development of the bioinoculants utilizing the modern technologies and agri-wastes. It also provides the latest information on methods of improving quality and efficiency of bioformulations and utilization of advanced biotechnological tools for developing precision products. PGPMs play important roles in survival and health of the plant. These useful microorganisms provide plants with nutrients, protect them from pathogens and help in combating abiotic stresses. It is important that these mutualistic interactions between plant and soil microbes are well understood so as to develop reliable products in the form of biostimulants, biopesticides and manage biotic and abiotic stresses in crops. Apart from enhancing crop productivity, plant-microbe interactions can also perform activities such as reclamation of degraded lands, degradation of pollutants and remediation of saline or marginal lands. This book is of interest to teachers, researchers, plant scientists and microbiologists. Also, the book serves as an additional reading material for undergraduate and graduate students of agriculture, microbiology, ecology, soil science, and environmental sciences.

This book is devoted to phytopharmaceuticals and their role in managing human disorders. It also covers the biological role of herbal drugs and the latest research developments in herbal medicine. Divided into five parts, the book starts with a global perspective on phytopharmaceuticals providing insights into the lessons from the past to the future, followed by an overview of Ayurveda medicine, and the main isolation and extraction techniques of plant material. Parts 2 and 3 present the latest research on natural products and phytopharmaceuticals, in which the authors cover the current clinical research status on formulations containing medicinal plants, and an overview of nanomedicines. Particular attention is given to potential and current therapeutic applications of phytopharmaceuticals, including their role in the management of COVID-19, neurological disorders, and cancer therapy. Part 4 focuses on the biomedical applications of phytochemical-based formulations, and Part 5 outlines the role and benefits of nutraceuticals in human health. The final chapter of this book provides an overview of the main toxicity and regulatory aspects of herbal medicines. Collating the latest advances in phytopharmaceuticals and natural product drug discovery with a perspective on Ayurveda therapies, this book has broad appeal from scholars,and researchers to professionals interested in plant-based drug development and phytochemistry.

This book explores the functional materials derived from biomass for environmental remediation applications. It covers different sources of biomass, its classification, production and various functional materials that are derived from them and suitable for energy production. Various topics covered in this book include classification of biomass, conversion and utilization techniques, functional materials, different applications in environmental remediation, biofuels and many more. This book is highly useful for students, researchers and professionals working in the field of materials and environmental science.

This edited volume presents recent advancements in genetic transformation and genome editing, offering a comprehensive understanding of their applications for creating more sustainable crops. These innovations are revolutionizing crop development, enhancing yields, and mitigating environmental challenges.The demand for sustainable crop production, driven by a growing global population and mounting environmental challenges, has never been more pressing. Genetic transformation and genome editing techniques offer precise and targeted ways to enhance crop traits, increase yields, and reduce the need for chemical inputs. The book traces the evolution of these technologies, from the early days of genetic modification to the current era of CRISPR-based genome editing. It covers cutting-edge technologies, from CRISPR-Cas9 to advanced gene editing techniques, while discussing the current scenario and future prospects of GM crops developed either by transgenic or genome editing approaches. The book explores the ethical and regulatory aspects surrounding genetic transformation, providing a complete perspective on this evolving domain.It is an essential read for researchers, students, and professionals in the fields of agriculture, plant sciences, biotechnology, agronomy, as well as policymakers.

This book includes recent articles with new findings in Mathematics and Computer Science, Microbiology and Biotechnology, Environmental Science and Oceanography, Physics and Physical Chemistry, Chemistry, and Biochemistry. Also, it contains some articles on the state of the art. The books shows the interaction of the different disciplines of basic sciences and their roles to achieve the green environment and sustainable development via the application of green sciences. Also, the data and information in this book include solving problems in the statistic statistical and computer analysis of many experimental data; broaden the understanding for of many environmental phenomena; broaden the understanding on of how many green synthetic materials could be achieved and examples of their application in biochemistry and microbiology fields; explain how the basic sciences can help in the sustainable development; and explain how deep learning could be used in predicting some phenomena. Additionally, the book enriches understanding of many microbiological and biochemical phenomena and provides complete instructions for many biotechnological aspects. It provides complete instructions for representative waste treatment; enriches understanding of how some biochemical compounds could be tested for representative disease management; case studies that illustrate newly developed equation equations in physics; and summarizes the latest studies in the completeness between basic sciences and climate changes.

This book discusses the latest information and advancements on all aspects of sustainable sludge management including treatment, characterization, stabilization, digestion, thickening, dewatering, thermal processing, utilization, valorization production of usable materials, and disposal, with associated pros and cons addressed. It provides an up-to-date resource on industrial sludge generation in various industries, its disposal and treatment by various modern treatment approaches, its physico-chemical and microbiological characterization, as well as legislation, risk assessment, and methodological aspects related to its characterization. Past and recent trends in industrial sludge handling are covered to understand and overcome the environmental risks posed by industrial sludge, with a focus on the brick and agrochemical industries and how to implement sustainable sludge managements practices in these industries. The book is intended for environmental engineers, chemical engineers,soil scientists, and policymakers, and will be of interest to students and researchers of environmental biotechnology, environmental engineering, and chemical engineering.

Whole-cell biocatalysis is a promising and emerging field of biological science that is mostly based on advancements in biosystems engineering for the production of useful products such as chemicals, fuels, and pharmaceuticals. It is a unique platform that provides an efficient catalytic system at affordable cost and with low maintenance. Recent studies have proven that whole-cell catalysis is very useful in conducting many complex and complicated chemical reactions that could be executed with greater ease and in an eco-friendly manner in ambient conditions with zero/minimal ecological effect. This has made whole-cell biocatalysis very popular and a center of significance in the field of modern biological catalysis.This new volume offers a comprehensive understanding of whole-cell biocatalysis, beginning with an introduction and an overview of relevant tools and techniques. It presents the basic as well as the advanced concepts of whole-cell biocatalysis, thus acting as a complete guide for the reader. It looks at the promising developments that have taken place in the past decade and discusses the application of computational tools, the use of metabolic flux systems, and the role of metabolic networks for the cell system development for whole-cell catalysis. The chapters explore whole-cell biocatalysis for the production of chemicals, of fuels, and for environmental restoration, with case studies and success stories that showcase new developments in the technology.This volume provides a valuable presentation of whole-cell biocatalysis for graduate students, faculty, industry professionals, and others working in biochemistry and bio-systems engineering.

This book discusses the applications of nanotechnology in clinical microbiology, food microbiology, and green solutions of nanoparticles using microorganisms for a range of benefits. It describes nanotechnology's rapid progress in the development of materials used in industry, medicine, drug delivery, and dentistry. The authors further explore how microbiology and nanotechnology separately have proven to be effective for human health solutions keeping an ecological and environmental balance. Domains covered include environmental microbiology, medical microbiology, food microbiology (to control food spoilage), biosynthesis of nanomaterials using microorganisms, water microbiology, nanofluidic devices for isolation and analysis of individual biomolecules such as DNA that can lead to a new detection scheme for cancer, and various fields such as pharmacy, clinical research, agriculture etc. This book will be essential reading to a wide range of scholars and researchers interestedin microbiology along with nanotechnology applications for efficient solutions to cancer detection, biosensors, vaccines research, agriculture, wastewater management etc.

Biopolymers are polymers that are naturally sourced from renewable resources such as plants, animals, and microorganisms. These polymers are gaining increasing attention due to their biodegradability, biocompatibility, and non-toxicity, making them an attractive alternative to traditional synthetic polymers.'Biopolymeric Nanoparticles for Agricultural Applications'focuses on the use of biopolymeric nanoparticles for various agricultural purposes. It explores the potential of these nanoparticles in improving crop productivity, enhancing soil quality, and reducing the environmental impact of agricultural practices. Biopolymeric nanoparticles have gained significant attention in recent years as a promising technology for various agricultural applications such as crop protection, nutrient delivery, and soil remediation. These nanoparticles are typically made from biodegradable and biocompatible materials, such as chitosan, alginate, and starch, and offer several advantages over conventional agricultural formulations including improved stability, controlled release, and enhanced efficacy. This book provides a comprehensive overview of recent advances in the design, synthesis, characterization, and application of biopolymeric nanoparticles in agriculture. It discusses the various biopolymeric nanoparticles that can be utilized in agriculture such as chitosan, cellulose, starch, and protein-based nanoparticles. It delves into their properties, synthesis methods, and characterization techniques. The primary purpose of this book is to provide a comprehensive understanding of the applications of biopolymeric nanoparticles in agriculture. It bridges the gap between the fields of nanotechnology and agriculture, offering insights into the potential benefits and challenges associated with their use.

This edited volume provides insights into the current state of food and nutritional security, highlights the significance of micronutrients for human health, offers a historical perspective on biofortification, and covers current strategies and challenges. This book explores the role of multidisciplinary approaches to cope up with the challenges of major nutrient deficiency. Hidden hunger (aka micronutrient deficiencies), a prevalent global issue, refers to the chronic deficiency of essential micronutrients despite sufficient caloric intake. With over 2 billion affected individuals, particularly women and children in low-income countries, it impairs physical and cognitive development, increases disease susceptibility, and diminishes productivity. Despite economic progress, undernourishment remains prevalent in the developing countries including India. Among all nutrients, the deficiencies of iron, zinc, iodine, and vitamin A are highly prevalent. Crop biofortification seems a sustainable solution to reduce the global burden of hidden hunger. Previous reports examined the genetic diversity related to micronutrients in germplasm of staple crops and their wild relatives. A number of biofortified crops have been developed by utilizing genetic diversity and biotechnological approaches. This book explores crop-specific biofortification initiatives and diverse approaches, encompassing both traditional and genomics-driven enhancements. It also enlightens the efficacy of biofortification, bioavailability, and future thrust. This book serves as a valuable resource for researchers, academics, extension workers, policymakers, students, and all those involved in agriculture, nutrition, and health. It focuses on promoting diets that are rich in nutrition, benefiting everyone along the value chain.

This edited book provides an all-inclusive coverage of latest research in crop improvement and stress management in potato crop. It is composed of 17 chapters covering breeding, diseases & pest management with the view to enhancing the total production and quality under the scenario of climate change. The book also explores harvesting, storage, post-harvest management, and processing of potato. The book has special focus on the use of high throughput next generation sequencing (NGS) techniques, modern genomics tools, genome editing techniques such as CRISPR systems that could help the potato breeding programs and, also in development of biotic and abiotic stress resistant varieties. Potato is the world's third most important food crop after wheat and rice in terms of human consumption. It is the staple crop providing maximum nutrients per unit area, time and money and is the most versatile crop with the highest industrial production potential in India being the second largest potato producing country after China. As a major food crop, the potato has the most important role to play in the United Nations'Sustainable Development Goals'2030 Agenda for zero hunger, achieving food security, improved nutrition, and promote sustainable agriculture. This book is unique in its approach for providing in depth knowledge enabling readers to learn the subject fully on different strategies, new perspectives and fully understanding different topics of diversity, interaction and improvement for stress management in potato. It is a relevant reading material for researchers, students, practitioners and other stakeholders involved in improvement of potato crop.

The book entitled Honey: Nutraceutical and Therapeutic Significance contains comprehensive information on honey with regard to its cosmeceutical, nutritional, and pharmacological significance.This book volume contains a total of 12 chapters related to different aspects of honey contributed by experts in the field, providing enormous knowledge about the nutraceutical and the role of different therapeutic strategies across the globe. Each chapter has the latest references and citations so that readers may get the latest knowledge in the field.This book volume shall offer the readers state-of-the-art records on the proposed topic and established research in the area. Each chapter shall integrate semantic and pragmatic facts about honey and its connection with animal physiology. Emphasis shall be placed on exploring and correlating all possible physiological disorders/diseases that can be controlled/or cured using honey. This book shall benefit scholars, students, and professionals especially those working in the areas of food science/industry, taste physiology, pharmacology, folk medicine, and Ayurveda. With a compelling blend of scientific insights and practical applications, this book serves as the definitive guide to unleashing nature's power for health and healing.

This book provides new insight and a better understanding of nanotechnology in mitigating crop biotic stresses.It covers crop diseases and different nano-based management strategies used to manage pathogens and plant-parasitic nematodes damaging crops. Nanoparticles have the potential to revolutionize crop yield and can control plant biotic stress. Nanotechnology in plant pathology is a new frontier among various nanotechnological applications. Nanotechnology applications include the development of nano-based pesticides and nanoformulations of chemicals for crop improvement by reducing biotic stress. Different nanomaterials like ZnONPs, SiO2NPs, CuONPs, AgNPs, and TiO2NPs have been examined for their impacts on plant growth and biotic stress management. This book deals with the advanced use of nanotechnology in managing the biotic stress of crops and improving crop production. It covers these issues and many more. Each chapter focus on one particular topic. Incorporate chapters provide detailed information on nanotechnology and may help in future research. This book will be useful for researchers, professors, and postgraduate and undergraduate students, especially concerning agriculture and plant pathology.

This book aims at bringing out comprehensive information on cropping systems modelling in the world. The major focus of this book is to address the integration of soil, plant and environmental interactions for climate smart agriculture. This book covers aspects of application of Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) for climate smart agriculture. Step-by-step details of application of modelling approaches used for various cropping systems under changing climate are provided which are being adopted by farmers in the world. The book is enriched with figures or diagrams to show the various mechanisms involved to support the decision making for climate change adaptations. Essential information is given regarding crop models calibration, evaluation and application and every individual chapter is comprised of a specific cropping system. Further contents include integration of climate models and crop models for refining the decisions for sustaining the production of various cropping systems for climate smart agriculture. This book assists the agricultural scientists involved in research regarding climate smart agriculture for improving the standards of agricultural research for ensuring food security under changing climate. This is also equally useful for policy makers being involved in future planning.

Mercury is a naturally occurring element that is toxic in nature. According to the US Environmental Protection Agency, the safe limit of mercury ion in drinking water is 10 nM to avoid the serious health problems to humans. Mercury is a pollutant of global concern. Both anthropogenic activities and natural processes cause its release into different spheres of the environment resulting in severe adverse impacts. Increased anthropogenic discharge of mercury leads to disturbance in its natural biogeochemical cycle which results in to unenviable diseases and hazardous health effects.This book will provide state-of-the-art information to the graduate students training in toxicology, risk assessors, researchers and medical providers at large. Many monographs, book chapters, contemporary reviews, and peer reviewed articles about mercury health impact are also available worldwide. However, there is no complete understanding available on toxicological studies of mercury, which coversthe broader spectrum of findings that range from sources of exposure to mercury toxicity as well as its remediation strategies. It is aimed to bring the readers updated information about the sources of mercury contamination, and its impact on human health and on prospective mitigation strategies through multi-disciplinary approaches. The book contains three sections. First section describes the different sources and distribution of mercury in the environment. Second section explains the health risks linked to mercury poisoning. Third section addresses sustainable mercury toxicity mitigation strategies through multi-disciplinary approaches. The key topic of this book will cover following: •Source and distribution of mercury in the environment•Effects and responses of mercury toxicity in plants• Health risk linked to mercury poisoning• Sustainable mercury toxicity mitigation strategiesThis book is a valuable resource to students, academics, researchers, and environmental professionals doing field work on mercury contamination throughout the world.

This reference book provides updated information about the technological advancement in sustainable thermochemical bioprocessing of sewage sludge disposal and resource recovery. It discusses the innovative strategies of resource recovery for the formulation of feedstock, clean compost production and safe application. This book traces the main chemical and biological properties of sewage sludge and covers biostabilization, detoxification, the role of microorganisms in sewage sludge management and the sustainable use of sewage sludge from a circular economy perspective.Key Features• Discusses organic waste disposal and recycling• Covers knowledge transfer from waste bioprocessing to commercially important end products• Includes industrial application of biological and thermochemical sewage sludge treatment toward emerging nutrient recovery technologies• Reviews the function and applications of microorganisms in sewage sludge treatment• Describes the application of sewage sludge as fertilizers in agricultureThis book is meant for researchers and industry experts in environmental sciences, biochemical engineering and biotechnology.

This book explains the main problems of industrial wastewater treatments and how they are being treated by innovative biological processes. The need for clean water in developing countries has become difficult to achieve as a result of globalization and industrialization and because of an increase in population, urbanization, and per capita water use. Residential, commercial, industrial, and educational institutions produce immense amounts of wastewater. Wastewater is treated to extract toxins to produce processed effluent by physical, chemical, and biological processes. Most of these innovative treatment systems are membrane filtration, advanced oxidation processes, and electrochemical approaches, which are strongly committed to offering solutions to help protect public health and the environment. For wastewater treatment, different forms of bioreactors are used which are reliable, cost-efficient, and effective in removing a wide variety of contaminants. This book outlines the capacity of various bioreactors that are most widely used for the treatment of different industrial and domestic wastewater, such as a rotating biological contactor, biological fluidized bed reactor, packed bed reactor, membrane bioreactor, continuous stirred tank bioreactor, up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor, and photobioreactor, etc. Despite this, the acceptance of these technologies and their commercialization on an industrial scale, the performance is still limited. Therefore, a broader use of cost-effective in situ remedial approaches to natural phenomena like bioremediation is needed. The role of numerous bioreactors in industrial effluent treatment has, including recent developments, also been explored in depth. Furthermore, it includes the operational factors affecting their performances, advances in their architectural design, their amalgamation with the existing setup, scale-up studies, life cycle assessment of those reactors, materials and cost analysis, etc. This information helps the reader to understand the insight into the mechanism, pros and cons, moreover efficient utilization, and commissioning of bioreactors.

This book deals with an interdisciplinary approach towards present-day practical challenges and recent developments in algal biotechnology and covers a broad spectrum of issues ranging from diverse algae and its applications in agriculture, human food, animal feed, wastewater treatment, and industry to algal metabolites. Major themes covered in this volume include algae-based processes for the treatment of industrial effluents, algal biorefinery, industrial trends, and applications of algae in food, feed, nutraceuticals, and pharmaceuticals.Features: Explores the possibility of utilization of algae in human food and pharmaceutical compounds. Presents recent state of the art of design and tools in algal biorefineries. Reviews concepts of membrane bioreactors and microbial fuel cells, including their process and performance. Algae-based technologies for safe and eco-friendly processes to promote a sustainable bio-economy. Discusses algae as a source for potential aquafeed. This book is aimed at graduate students and researchers in biotechnology, bioenergy, renewable energy, energy, fuel and petrochemicals, wastewater, novel technologies, clean technologies, bioremediation environmental biotechnology, functional foods and nutraceuticals, and marine and aquatic science.

This comprehensive volume is a review on the pivotal role of seaweeds in the blue bioeconomy. It begins by introducing the blue bioeconomy concept which encompasses the use of renewable biological marine resources to produce food, materials and energy. The book then continues to explore the applications of seaweeds. Chapters cover the biomedical applications (nutraceuticals), functional applications (functional ingredients, biofertilizers), and commercial applications (cosmeceuticals, animal feeds) of seaweeds. Each chapter is structured into sections to provide an easy to understand summary of respective topics, with detailed discussions that reveal the intricate nature of seaweeds. The book shares perspectives from experts in environmental science and biology, with references for advanced readers. The book is for anyone who wants to understand the role of seaweeds in the bioeconomy and for sustainable development.

Industrial crops offer farmers new market opportunities to increase their revenue by producing high-value products, focusing on fiber, forest, and energy crops, industrial oilseeds, rubber and resins, pharmaceuticals, and more. Technological innovations in agriculture have facilitated higher yields, but conserving crop genetic resources and diversity remains crucial for sustainable agricultural production. This poses a challenge that can be addressed through modern tools of biotechnology and genomics, utilizing the wealth of sequenced plant genomes. This book addresses the need for knowledge in managing the risks and conservation of genetic diversity associated with advanced technology. It provides comprehensive coverage of plant genomics and biotechnology, catering to post-graduate students, researchers, employees of seed and biotechnology companies, as well as instructors in plant genetics, breeding, and biotechnology fields.

This edited book brings together a diverse group of researchers to address the challenges posed by global mass poisoning caused by lead contamination of soil and plants. Lead is among the elements that have been most extensively used by man over time. This has led to extensive pollution of surface soils on the local scale, mainly associated with mining and smelting of the metal and addition of organic lead compounds to petrol. Release of lead to the atmosphere from various high-temperature processes has led to surface contamination on the regional and even global scale. Lead is particularly strongly bound to humic matter in organic-rich soil and to iron oxides in mineral soil and is rather immobile in the soil unless present at very high concentrations. In addition, plants grown on lead-rich soils incorporate lead and thus the concentration of lead in crop plants may be increased. Lead enters in the food chain through consumption of plant material. A high concentration of lead has been found to be harmful to vegetation. As the lead concentration increases, it adversely affects several biological parameters and eventually renders the soil barren. The book sheds light on this global environmental issue and proposes solutions to contamination through multi-disciplinary approaches. This book contains three sections. First section describes the different sources and distribution of lead in soil and plant ecosystems. Second section explains the health risks linked to lead toxicity. Third section addresses sustainable lead toxicity mitigation strategies using the potential applications of recent biological technology. This book is a valuable resource to students, academics, researchers, and environmental professionals doing field work on contamination throughout the world.

This new volume delivers the remarkable theoretical and practical findings on the outstanding applications of mycorrhizal fungi in recovering plant health, in producing the mycorrhizal edible forest trees, and in conserving natural resources.It examines the recent research studies based on mycorrhizal technology that have explored the positive impact of root symbiosis on plant adaptation to climate-associated abiotic stressors, such as salinity, drought, flooding, and high temperatures.The book includes thirteen chapters, partitioned into four different parts, authored by international experts and researchers from different domains of plant-mycorrhiza research. Part I explains the role of mycorrhiza in plant growth, in the metabolism of minerals, and in biological control.The book goes on to discuss the extensive commercial applications of mycorrhiza fungi in various industrial sectors including agriculture, horticulture, and biotechnology. Chapters investigate the diverse roles of mycorrhizal fungi in managing different stress conditions. And lastly, the volume provides in-depth analyses of the ways that commercialized mycorrhizal technology can help to maintain global environmental sustainability and food security.Key features: Reveals the complex associations of mycorrhizal communities with soil and other soil microbes Presents the inoculum production practices for appropriate application of mycorrhizal technology in various plant production systems Discusses the commercial harvesting and applications of mycorrhizal forest trees for sustainable agricultural development, and Reviews the current advancements and upcoming challenges on way of mycorrhizal technology Research in mycorrhizal technology is significantly evolving, and cutting-edge findings have provided understanding in how complex plant-mycorrhiza associations work. This volume is designed and edited to serve as a resource text for postgraduate students, botanists, microbiologists, biotechnologists, environmental biologists, and industry professionals who have keen interest and attention on beneficial services and commercialization of mycorrhizal technology.

Large-scale chemical fertilizer application causes irreparable damage to soil structure, mineral cycles, soil microbial flora, plants, and other food chains across ecosystems, culminating in heritable mutations in future generations of consumers. A better way forward is the use of nanofertilizers to focus on macro elements (N, P, K), as switching to nanofertilizers may result in large environmental benefits by replacing the majority of these nutrients. Furthermore, the biosynthesis of nanomaterials using bacteria, algae, yeast, fungus, actinomycetes, and plants has opened up a new avenue of research in the production of inorganic nanoparticles as ecologically friendly fertilizers. Nanofertilizers should also attain increased efficiency because of a several-fold increase in the surface-to-volume ratio of nano-forms of nutrients and their suitability for foliar application, where environmental losses are further reduced. Nanostructured fertilizers can also improve nutrient useefficiency through strategies such as targeted distribution and progressive or controlled-release as they can precisely release their active molecules in response to environmental cues and biological demands. Recent research shows nanofertilizers can increase agricultural productivity by speeding up seed germination, seedling growth, photosynthetic activity, nitrogen metabolism, and carbohydrate and protein synthesis. The potential agricultural benefits of nanofertilizers, their modes of action, and the fate of nanomaterials in soil are all discussed in this book. It also covers nanofertilizer formulation and delivery, applications, uptake, translocation, and their fate in plants, as well as their impact on plant physiology and metabolism. Nutrient nanoformulation is a valuable method that has the potential to alter the agricultural sector and provide solutions to current and future concerns for sustainable and climate-sensitive crops

This book provides a practical guidance and a set of principles for improving management of saline and alkali waters and thus would be useful for different stakeholders, including agricultural students, researchers, environmentalists, and policy makers. The worldwide aggregated area with occurrence of saline and brackish groundwater is about 24 million square kilometers causing annual food losses to the extent of food requirements of 170 million people. For fostering the safe and reliable use of these waters, researchers have innovated management techniques helping sustainable irrigation with waters otherwise rated earlier as unfit. Vast pool of information has been put together in this book covering groundwater irrigation scenario and need for non-conventional waters; extent, genesis, and global distribution of saline groundwater; impacts of saline and alkali irrigation waters on soils and crops; management approaches for sustaining irrigation with typical saline and alkali ground waters for agricultural and horticulture crops; steady and non-steady state models for salt and water dynamics vis-a-vis crop responses; alternate uses of highly saline waters; water quality guidelines for irrigation under different soil and agro-climatic conditions and ultimately some researchable and policy issues for promoting irrigation with these waters.

This book describes numerous issues and brings an improved understanding of a key agenda item for the sustainable development goals (SDGs). The SDGs represent an urgent call for action by all countries, developed and developing, working jointly within the global community. A few of the industries it supports include food processing, energy, biomedical science, space research, drug delivery, and biosensors. This book highlights multidisciplinary solutions for protecting the environment while ensuring the future of our planet. The book mainly targets undergraduates, postgraduates, and doctoral students who are working in materials science and researchers across the world working in interdisciplinary research for climate change for sustainable growth.