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This Annual Review of the Sociology of Religion contributes cases of encounters, diversities and distances to an emerging Jewish-Muslim Studies field. The scholarly essays address both discourses about and lived experiences of minorities in contemporary French, German and UK cities. The authors explore how particular modes of governance and secularism shape individual and collective identities while new technologies re-make interfaith encounters. This volume shows that Middle Eastern and North African pasts and presents weigh on European realities, examines how the pull of Jewish intellectual history is felt by a new generation of Muslim scholars and activists, and uncovers how Orthodox communities negotiate living side by side.

The controversial Jewish thinker whose tortured path led him into the heart of twentieth-century intellectual lifeScion of a distinguished line of Talmudic scholars, Jacob Taubes (1923–1987) was an intellectual impresario whose inner restlessness led him from prewar Vienna to Zurich, Israel, and Cold War Berlin. Regarded by some as a genius, by others as a charlatan, Taubes moved among yeshivas, monasteries, and leading academic institutions on three continents. He wandered between Judaism and Christianity, left and right, piety and transgression. Along the way, he interacted with many of the leading minds of the age, from Leo Strauss and Gershom Scholem to Herbert Marcuse, Susan Sontag, and Carl Schmitt. Professor of Apocalypse is the definitive biography of this enigmatic figure and a vibrant mosaic of twentieth-century intellectual life.Jerry Muller shows how Taubes's personal tensions mirrored broader conflicts between religious belief and scholarship, allegiance to Jewish origins and the urge to escape them, tradition and radicalism, and religion and politics. He traces Taubes's emergence as a prominent interpreter of the Apostle Paul, influencing generations of scholars, and how his journey led him from crisis theology to the Frankfurt School, and from a radical Hasidic sect in Jerusalem to the center of academic debates over Gnosticism, secularization, and the revolutionary potential of apocalypticism.Professor of Apocalypse offers an unforgettable account of an electrifying world of ideas, focused on a charismatic personality who thrived on controversy and conflict.

Der deutsch-jüdische Rabbiner und Bibelforscher Benno Jacob (1862-1945) ist vor allem für seine beiden großen Kommentare zum Buch Genesis (1934) und Exodus (1997) bekannt. Weniger bekannt ist, dass sich in seinem umfangreichen Nachlass auch Manuskripte und Fragmente zum dritten biblischen Buch, Levitikus, befinden, welches in der jüdischen Tradition einen hohen Stellenwert einnimmt. Das Buch Levitikus enthält überwiegend kultische Texte, wie Opferbestimmungen, die für moderne Leser nur schwer zugänglich sind, aber auch das ethische Kapitel 19 mit dem wohl bekanntesten biblischen Satz'Liebe deinen Nächsten wie dich selbst!', der im 19. Jh. eine wichtige Rolle im Streit um den Wert der jüdischen Ethik gespielt hat. In der vorliegenden Arbeit editiert und kommentiert Hans-Christoph Aurin eines der frühen Levitikus-Manuskripte Benno Jacobs und berücksichtigt dafür zahlreiche weitere unveröffentlichte Texte wie seine exegetischen Notizhefte.

The Persian period has long been considered a'dark era'in Israel's history. For this reason, research has mainly focused on how it is depicted in the Hebrew Bible. A spectacular discovery of archaeological relics and epigraphic sources was hence hardly noticed: the military colony located on the island of Elephantine in the Nile, on the border between Egypt and present-day Sudan. The basic approach of this volume, which documents a three-year Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft project, is to break with a research tradition focusing on the Judeans (Jews) mentioned in the Aramaic papyri from Elephantine and instead investigate the military colony in a broader historical context also documented by Demotic and Egyptian-hieratic evidence found at Elephantine. The studies presented focus on three main subject areas: society and administration, religion, and literature. They show that historically the island of Elephantine hosted a multicultural society with several interactions between the Egyptians and the other inhabitants, and that it was also an important administrative centre for the Persian authorities.

This book offers a copious selection of insights about the world and life, crafted in engaging language by Jewish sages, scholars, rabbis, and literary luminaries, from ancient to modern times. These remarkable explanations, queries, and proposals are connected by expository comments and comparisons by the author. The passionate care for human values which underlies much of Jewish thinking is made accessible in this comprehensive work. In it the reader may find counsel on how to achieve a good and satisfying life while responding to the joys and sorrows that touch us all.

Gospel Characters: Jesus and His Contemporaries contributes to an understanding of Jesus in the New Testament that is persons-centred. It highlights how different biblical characters help shape the stories that have come down to us. This book provokes thoughts for further research on other biblical figures and themes. It is an invaluable resource for catechists, pastoral workers, evangelizers and for instructions in Houses of Formation, particularly in furthering the ministry of the Word Made Flesh, who dwells among us.

The origins of the synagogue remain shrouded in mystery and its development in its early centuries is only slightly better understood. This book brings together over twenty essays from Israeli, British, and American scholars to explore the development of the ancient synagogue. Combining original articles with the best of earlier studies—including nine articles here translated from the Hebrew for the first time—this collection presents the fullest critical picture of the early synagogue and the scholarly discussions concerning it. The book focuses on two central questions. First, what were the origins of the earliest synagogues, and where did they achieve the greatest growth in the early centuries? Second, what role did the early synagogue play within the Jewish community? The print edition is available as a set of two volumes (9789004112544).

Customers in North America who wish to purchase this publication, please contact Augsburg Fortress Press.First published in 1992, Emanuel Tov's Textual Criticism of the Hebrew Bible has rapidly established itself as the authoritative reference work for all those engaged in the study of the text of the Hebrew Bible. This thoroughly revised second edition will be welcomed by students and scholars alike.A wide range of readers will find this book accessible and indispensable. Emanuel Tov offers extensive descriptions of the major witnesses to the text of the Hebrew Bible–the Hebrew texts from Qumran, the Septuagint, the Masoretic Text–as well as the Aramaic Targumim, the Syriac translations, the Vulgate, and others.Special attention is given to the exegetical aspects of the textual transmission, literary issues, and the problem of the original shape of the biblical text.Praise for the First Edition:“Emanuel Tov is preeminent in the world in the field of Septuagint studies. This is a solid and durable work which, given its technical character, is written in a readable way.”Frank Moore Cross, Harvard University“Nowhere else can you find such a thorough presentation of how the Bible was transmitted in Second Temple times... This excellently written handbook represents a major step forward for biblical studies.”Lawrence Schiffman, New York University“History will surely regard Emanuel Tov's monumental work as the definitive discussion of textual criticism of this generation. A ‘must-have'for any serious scholar of the Bible!”Sidnie A. White, University of Nebraska“The basic reference work on the textual criticism of the Hebrew Bible for at least the next decade. This is a magisterial work which is badly needed and masterfully done.”Journal for the Study of Judaism“This book will soon be viewed as a classic of biblical studies.”Ralph W. Klein, Journal of Religion“Replete with examples, tables, plates, lucid definitions and explanations, as well as extensive bibliographies, the volume brings together a wealth of information not previously so accessible and makes the theory and practice of textual criticism easily understandable and visually clear.”Judith E. Sanderson, Seattle University

Der Jalkut Schimoni ist ein Sammelwerk rabbinischer Auslegungen zur gesamten hebräischen Bibel. Unerforscht ist, nach welchen Kriterien die Auslegungen ausgewählt wurden und ob das Werk als umfassendes Nachschlagewerk für exegetische Fragen, zur Verbindung von Bibelauslegung in Talmud und Midrasch oder zur Reform der rabbinischen Auslegungstradition konzipiert wurde. Die Übersetzung des Werkes ist ein erster Schritt, diese Fragen zu beantworten.

This volume presents the major works of classical rabbinic Judaism as inter-related aggregates analyzed through three central themes. Part 1, “Intertextuality,” investigates the multi-directional relationships among and between rabbinic texts and nonrabbinic Jewish sources. Part 2, “East and West” explores the impact on rabbinic texts of the cultures of the Hellenistic, Roman, and Christian West and the Sasanian East. Part 3, “Halakha and Aggada,” interrogates the relationship of law and narrative in rabbinic sources. This bold volume uncovers alliances and ruptures -- textual, cultural, and generic -- obscured by document-based approaches to rabbinic literature.'This important book presents a series of new introductions to rabbinic literature.'Ishay Rosen-Zvi, Tel Aviv University, BMCR 2024.10.05.

The Ma‘asé-Ester, “Esther's affairs”, is a 14th-century Judeo-Provençal poem on the story of Esther, intended for a recital during the banquet for Purim. The short poem – recently discovered in the single manuscript that preserves it – is a new precious document that enriches a small corpus of medieval Judeo-Provençal texts. This book offers the first critical edition of the complete text accompanied by a detailed study of the sources and the language. It guides us in understanding why the story of Esther became such a popular theme in 14th-century Provence, and in what way the Avignon Papacy and the studies on Moses Maimonides influenced this literary novelty.

This volume is a collection of articles and new essays by Israel Finkelstein that offers an outline for reconstructing the evolution of biblical historiography over 700 years, starting with Israel in the early eighth century BCE and ending with the days of the Hasmoneans in the late second century BCE. Special emphasis is given to North Israelite traditions which were committed to writing in the days of Jeroboam II; to the arrival of these traditions in Judah after the takeover of Israel by Assyria; to Judahite ideology of the seventh century BCE; and to the legitimacy needs of the Hasmoneans in the days of John Hyrcanus. The analysis is based on the most recent archaeological discoveries, biblical exegesis and ancient Near Eastern records.

The exiles of Israel and Judah cast a long shadow over the biblical text and the whole subsequent history of Judaism. Scholars have long recognized the importance of the theme of exile for the Hebrew Bible. Indeed, critical study of the Old Testament has, at least since Wellhausen, been dominated by the Babylonian exile of Judah. In 586 BC, several factors, including the destruction of Jerusalem, the cessation of the sacrificial cult and of the monarchy, and the experience of the exile, began to cause a transformation of Israelite religion which supplied the contours of the larger Judaic framework within which the various forms of Judaism, including the early Christian movement, developed.Given the importance of the exile to the development of Judaism and Christianity even to the present day, this volume delves into the conceptions of exile which contributed to that development during the formative period.

The present volume discusses the earliest Christian views on eschatological opponents and their backgrounds in contemporary Judaism. It treats the rich variety of early Christian speculations on the subject and shows that, within this variety, a continuity with Jewish speculations is to be discerned.Part One of this book treats the early Christian passages of the period up to Irenaeus that contain speculations on the coming of an eschatological opponent. Part Two offers a survey of Jewish expectations that formed the basis for the Christian speculations discussed. After the General Conclusion the book finishes with an extensive Bibliography and an Index.The book is of interest to any student of early Christian eschatology and the continuity between early Christianity and contemporary Judaism.

Was schreibt man einer trauernden, kaiserlichen Witwe? Wie macht man ihr ein asketisches Leben schmackhaft und bringt sie dazu, obwohl man sie persönlich nicht kennt, mit einem Freundschaft zu schließen? Derartige Fragen dürfte sich Hieronymus gestellt haben, als er sich ca. im Jahre 399 brieflich an die Dame Salvina wandte. Diese kunstvoll gestaltete Epistel nimmt Philip Polcar in ihren Details und großen argumentativen Linien in den Blick. Sie ist ein Kleinod der spätantiken Konsolationsliteratur und gleichzeitig ein Werbetraktat für eine lebenslange Keuschheit. Die individuellen Trostgedanken und Ratschläge entpuppen sich als Zugang zur asketischen Frömmigkeit und zur Kommunikation unter Gebildeten in der christlich werdenden Spätantike.

During the reign of Cyrus the Great, founder of the Achaemenid Empire, the Jews returned to Jerusalem to rebuild the temple. This Second Temple period is characterised by a changing mode of thinking. This volume traces the development of the concept of the covenant during this important era, by discussing relevant texts among the Apocrypha, such as Wisdom of Solomon; the Pseudepigrapha, especially the Dead Sea Scrolls and Jubilees; and the New Testament, such as the Pauline Letters. The authors deal with interesting concepts related to the idea of the covenant, such as law, wisdom, election, grace, the kingdom of God and even the role of food.This is an important piece of work for understanding the notion of the covenant in Judaism and Christianity, useful for theologians and historians, as well as students of the respective disciplines.

The Halakhah embodies the complete Jewish Law, and contains commandments and guidelines for day-to-day living. The original commandments given by God to the Jewish people were enhanced by rabbis to offer a detailed framework to guide the lives of all Jews.In this complete, all-encompassing encyclopaedia of the Halakhah, the various laws are classified in such a way that a systematic and coherent structure is obtained. Each entry of the Halakhah is presented in a logical fashion. Where applicable, the original biblical wording is given, extended with literal abstracts from the Torah. Next, problems and questions that may arise from that law are stated and any additional information given. Finally, each entry gives comprehensive explanations and recommendations as to how these laws are to be observed in daily life – where to be and where not to be, what to do and what not to do, what to say and what not to say. The Halakhah, or standard Jewish Law, combines the Mishnah (about 200 CE), the Tosefta (about 300 CE), and the two Talmuds (about 400, 600 CE for the Land of Israel and Babylon, respectively). Volumes I and II contain entries pertaining to the Jewish people in relationship to God. Volume III explains how the Jewish people can restore and maintain their society in accordance with the Torah as it is explained by the rabbis. In Volumes IV and V of this study, we take up the life of the Jewish household in their encounter with God. The Encyclopaedic account therefore moves from regulating relationships between Israel and God to establishing stable and equitable relationships among Israelites and finally to actually living the Halakhah.

The book deals with the appropriate application of the computer by textual critics, grammarians, exegetes, (Bible) translators and theologians. It contains directions for educational purposes and editors of journals and texts, the collation of mss and new projects are demonstrated. The computer can assist the researcher variously; by putting him/her in the position to deal with large corpora of data. Basic research can thus be executed more readily. Powerful search programmes such as Quest II are explained. The results of more sophisticated programming are demonstrated. Not just the micro unit, the lexeme, can be studied, for semantical purposes, but also the macro picture, such as syntactical structures. Finally the book deals with methodological issues pertaining to the appropriate application of the computer. Users are warned against unreflected use of computers.

Covenant and the Jewish Conversion Question reevaluates conversion and Jewish identity through the lens of Rabbi Joseph B. Soloveitchik's dual conception of the Covenants of Fate and Destiny. By studying an array of key rabbinic texts through this lens, the book explores the boundaries and interplay between these biblical covenants through apostasy, holiness and the key elements relating to conversion law. This understanding provides a relevant framing device to deal with the conversion and Jewish identity crises faced in the State of Israel and beyond.

For Jews, Christians and Muslims, as for all human beings, military conflicts and war remain part of the reality of the world. The authoritative writings of Judaism, Christianity and Islam, namely the Hebrew Bible, the New Testament and the Koran, as well as the theological and philosophical traditions based on them, bear witness to this fact. Showing the influence of different historical political situations, various views – sometimes quite similar, sometimes more divergent -- have developed in the three religions to justify the waging of war under certain circumstances. Such views have also been integrated in different ways into legal systems while, in certain cases, theologies have provide legitimation for military expansion and atrocities. The aim of the volume The Concept of Just War in Judaism, Christianity and Islam is to explore the respective understanding of “just war” in each one of these three religions and to make their commonalities and differences discursively visible. In addition, it highlights and explains the significance of the topic to the present time. Can the concepts developed in the Jewish, Christian and Islamic traditions in order to justify war, serve as a foundation for contemporary peace ethics? Or do religious arguments always add fuel to the fire in armed conflict? The contributions in this volume will help provide answers to these and other socially and politically relevant questions.

This volume contains a collection of 17 essays on Philo written by Peder Borgen between 1987 and 2018. The first six studies deal with important issues in Philo's religious thought and social world, such as his views on Flaccus, prayers, and his eschatology. The next five essays illustrate how an understanding of Philo can contribute to the interpretation of Paul, especially his Letter to the Galatians. The final six studies deal with the importance of Philo's writings for the interpretation of the Revelation of John, a subject too rarely touched upon in recent scholarship.

This book, an examination of Judaism as it evolved over a period of approximately 1,500 years, is an analysis of the Hebrew Bible and other ancient Jewish writings, with special emphasis on theology and morality. By the middle of the first millennium, with the writing of Deuteronomy, the Psalms, and the works of the prophets, Judaism had embraced the idea that God is a compassionate father; that His relationship with His people is based on love rather than fear; and that His response to their commission of sins is based on the assumption that they are capable of repentance and worthy of forgiveness. In the final stage of its development--culminating in the first and second centuries AD--Judaism was understood to require its adherents to enact the will of God--specifically, to establish a community based on political, economic, and social laws that enforce the principles of justice and mercy. And that process came to be seen as inevitably dependent on human agency--the need for human beings to fulfill God's commandments. In Judaism, loving neighbors (and strangers) came to be understood as the principal--and, for many Jews, the only--way of loving God.

This collection brings together a wide range of essays on themes related to sexuality and gender, written by William R. G. Loader, who has published widely on attitudes towards sexuality in early Jewish and Christian literature. The essays explore connections and make comparisons among the ancient texts, seeking to understand them in the light of their religious and cultural contexts, providing summaries, and pursuing key themes, from subtle changes in the Septuagint, to the Pseudepigrapha, the Dead Sea Scrolls, Philo, and the New Testament.

The present volume contains the proceedings of a conference held in October 2018 at Humboldt University Berlin. The articles reflect the different categories of describing Judaism of the Second Temple Period in view of their sustainability in characterising an ancient religious community in different historical situations and discuss relevant (re)constructions of ancient Judaism in the history of scholarship. Since the Persian period, ancient Judaism existed in a world which was in constant flux regarding its political, social, and religious contexts. Consequently, Judaism was subject to permanent processes of change in its self-perception as well as its external perception. In all complexity, however, the Torah, the Temple(s) as a place where heaven meets the earth, and the'holy'or'promised'land as the dwelling place of God's people can be regarded as institutions to which all kinds of Judaism in the Babylonian and Egyptian dispora as well in Israel/Palestine were related in some way or another.

Der vorliegende Sammelband untersucht die Konzepte, Methoden und Inhalte der Auslegung autoritativer religiöser Texte in Antike und Mittelalter. Diese Texte sind Ausgangs- und Ansatzpunkte in Unterweisungen, die zur Orientierung und Identitätsbildung dienen, dem Einzelnen ebenso wie Gemeinschaften und Gesellschaften. Fachvertreterinnen und Fachvertreter unterschiedlicher Disziplinen - aus Geschichte, Philologie, Orientalistik, Religionswissenschaft und Theologie - spüren der vielfältigen Bedeutung der oft'heilig'genannten Schriften für Bildung und Erziehung nach. Sie beleuchten die Rolle, die diese Texte für Lehre und Lernen in ihren Ursprungskulturen hatten und haben. Darüber hinaus zeigen sie interkulturelle Bezüge auf, die heute für Diskussionen um Bildung und Religion in den multikulturellen Demokratien Europas höchst relevant sind.

This volume contains the proceedings of two international meetings held by the Minerva Center for the Relations between Israel and Aram in Biblical Times (RIAB) in Ramat-Gan/Jerusalem (March 2017) and Leipzig (May 2018). Most of the papers relate to various aspects of the Aramaic epigraphy in different contexts with a second part of the volume dealing with Idumean ostraca. The papers will be of interest to ancient historians, archaeologists of the ancient Near East, scholars of Semitic and Biblical studies and the ancient Near East.

Der Jalkut Schimoni ist ein Sammelwerk rabbinischer Auslegungen zur gesamten hebräischen Bibel. Unerforscht ist, nach welchen Kriterien die Auslegungen ausgewählt wurden und ob das Werk als umfassendes Nachschlagewerk für exegetische Fragen, zur Verbindung von Bibelauslegung in Talmud und Midrasch oder zur Reform der rabbinischen Auslegungstradition konzipiert wurde. Die Übersetzung des Werkes ist ein erster Schritt, diese Fragen zu beantworten.

Rarement paisibles mais bien plutôt turbulentes, confuses et enflammées, les relations entre le Dieu d'Israël et les hommes, tout comme la recherche d'explications à cet état de fait, composent le thème de cet ouvrage. Ainsi, après avoir créé le monde, puis l'homme et la femme, le Dieu semble, en principe, satisfait du résultat qu'il qualifie de « bon », de « bien ». Mais les déceptions s'accumulent. Désenchanté et lassé par les hommes, pris d'impatience face aux malfaçons, le Dieu les efface à plusieurs reprises comme l'on fait d'un brouillon. Pour autant, constatant avec désespoir ce qu'est la nature humaine et la difficulté à l'améliorer, il finit par l'accepter et renonce à les faire disparaître. L'histoire est inaugurée puis diffusée par les textes de l'Ancien Israël, les inscriptions et les vestiges archéologiques. Les relations ne seront toutefois jamais suspendues entre le Dieu et ses créatures. Elles ne cesseront d'évoluer, radicalement transformées avec l'Exil à Babylone.

It is remarkable that Judaism could develop given the domination by Rome in Palestine over the centuries. Smallwood traces Judaism's constantly shifting political, religious, and geographical boundaries under Roman rule from Pompey to Diocletian, that is, from the first century BCE through the third century CE. From a long-standing nationalistic tradition that was a tolerated sect under a pagan ruler, Judaism becomes, over time, a threat that needs to be repressed and confined against a now-Christian empire. This work examines the galvanizing forces that shaped and defined Judaism as we have come to know it.This publication has also been published in hardback, please click here for details.

Vol. 2 contains the Midrashim on Ester: Panim Acherim A and B, Midrash Megillat Ester, Pirqe deRabbi Elieser, chap. 49-50, Midrash Megilla, Leqah Tov and Jalqut Shimoni on Ester, Midrash Abba Gurion, Ester Rabba, Sefer Josippon, chap. 9 and Midrash Psalm 22.This source publication of commentaries in Talmud and Midrash on the Book of Ester provides German translations which make visible the flow of argumentation, the structure of the texts and parallel passages within rabbinical literatur. The texts show different approaches to declaring the book of Ester a holy book by means of interpretation.

Anhand der insgesamt zehn Erzählungen von Israels Murren in der Wüste zeigt Walter Bührer, dass und wie Auslegung und deutende Aneignung der biblisch gewordenen Texte kein erst nachbiblisches Phänomen, sondern bereits prägend für Entstehungs- und Kanonisierungsprozesse der Texte selbst sind. An den Murrerzählungen können Fortschreibungs- und Auslegungsprozesse in den biblisch gewordenen Texten syn- und diachron in den einzelnen Erzählungen, Kapitel und Buch übergreifend, im Rahmen der Textgeschichte und im Vergleich mit weiteren alttestamentlichen Textcorpora aufgezeigt werden. Dabei zeigt sich, dass das Murren Israels zunehmend negativ gedeutet wird. Die Arbeit leistet damit gleichermaßen einen Beitrag zur aktuellen Pentateuchforschung sowie zur Klärung des Phänomens der sogenannten'innerbiblischen Schriftauslegung'.

This exploration of Genesis 38 in three interpretive writings shows how new meanings emerge through encounters between the biblical text and later Jewish communities.A literary reading within the canon suggests that the story of Judah and Tamar points to the morally ambiguous origins of David's lineage. Ancient Jewish exegesis, however, challenges this understanding. The Testament of Judah interprets Genesis 38 as the story of a warrior king's tragic downfall. Targum Neofiti develops it to illustrate the concept'sanctification of the (divine) Name'. and Genesis Rabbah portrays it as a series of providential events issuing in the royal and messianic lineage.Esther Marie Menn pioneers a fresh approach to the study of biblical interpretation by analyzing the relation between interpretative genre, altered plot structure, and cultural values.

From Revelation to Canon is a collection of essays that offers studies of texts, traditions, and themes from the Hebrew Bible and from the extra-biblical literature of the second-temple period.Included in it are studies of apocalypticism, the high priesthood, calendars and festivals, and a series of essays on aspects of 1 Enoch and the Book of Jubilees. There is also a previously unpublished essay on the development of a canon of scripture in Judaism. The volume gathers in one place, papers that were originally published in several journals, volumes of essays, and Festschriften.This publication has also been published in paperback, please click here for details.

From his extensive and intensive study of the rabbinic literature, Jacob Neusner shows how the rabbinic documents give expression to a very real, if implicit, theological system. While the rabbinic literature is often seen as a collection of miscellaneous responses to questions arising from study of the Hebrew Bible and its application to contemporary life, Neusner sees a system behind and embodied in the various writings. He discusses the ways in which the divine thought, and the human thinking that sought faithfully to interpret it, actually came to expression and treats what he calls the grammar of the divine self-expression in order to help us see the theological structure that it implies. Then he shows how this implicit system is expressed in the rules for the life of the people that God has chosen as his own. Citing passages from almost all of the mishnaic tractates, Neusner shows how they fit into and give expression to the system.This publication has also been published in paperback, please click here for details.

La Maison de Dieu est un thème aussi riche qu'important. Le présent volume s'emploie à en éclairer différentes facettes essentiellement dans les écrits bibliques et parabibliques, mais aussi chez des auteurs juifs et chrétiens de l'Antiquité et, au-delà, chez les Réformateurs. L'approche est résolument ouverte. C'est ainsi qu'une place est réservée au Coran. Recours est fait notamment, outre à l'exégèse, à l'archéologie, pour aborder le thème, faire apparaîre, sur les plans historique et théologique, les interprétations dont il a fait l'objet et montrer les attentes qu'il a suscitées et qu'il continue de faire naître, dans des milieux juifs et chrétiens, jusqu'à nos jours. Das Haus Gottes ist ein reichhaltiges und wichtiges Thema. Der vorliegende Band versucht, verschiedene Facetten dieses Themas zu beleuchten, vor allem in biblischen und parabiblischen Schriften, aber auch bei jüdischen und christlichen Autoren der Antike und darüber hinaus bei den Reformatoren. Die Herangehensweise ist dezidiert offen. So findet auch der Koran einen Platz. Neben der Exegese wird die Archäologie herangezogen, um sich dem Thema zu nähern, die historischen und theologischen Interpretationen aufzuzeigen, deren Gegenstand es war, und um die Erwartungen aufzuzeigen, die es in jüdischen und christlichen Kreisen bis heute geweckt hat und weiter weckt.

These essays, by some of today's greatest scholars of Judaism and Hellenism in antiquity, explore a variety of ways in which these two great civilizations interacted. The common focus of these studies is the transition from one culture to the next – how words or concepts or conventions from the one came to be transplanted, and often modified in the process, in the other. Taken together, however, they provide something broader: a large, variegated picture of the cultural interaction that was to prove so crucial for the later history of Judaism and Christianity.

This book is the dogmatic sequel to Levering's Engaging the Doctrine of Marriage, in which he argued that God's purpose in creating the cosmos is the eschatological marriage of God and his people.. God sets this marriage into motion through his covenantal election of a particular people, the people of Israel. Central to this people's relationship with the Creator God are their Scriptures, exodus, Torah, Temple, land, and Davidic kingship. As a Christian Israelology, this book devotes a chapter to each of these topics, investigating their theological significance both in light of ongoing Judaism and in light of Christian Scripture (Old and New Testaments) and Christian theology. The book makes a significant contribution to charting a path forward for Jewish-Christian dialogue from the perspective of post-Vatican II Catholicism.

Die exegetische und kulturanthropologische Diskussion um Sündenbockriten nimmt von Lev 16 ihren Ausgangspunkt, obwohl der'Sündenkuhritus'von Dtn 21,1-9 ebenso Anspruch auf Auslegung im Rahmen dieser Diskussion verdient, enthält doch Dtn 21,1-9 alle Momente, die für einen klassischen Sündenbockritus wesentlich sind: die kollektive Schuldproblematik durch den Totschlag von unbekannter Hand, die ersatzweise Elimination und Tötung der jungen Kuh sowie nicht zuletzt die mehrfache Verwendung der Begriffe'Blut(schuld)'und'Sühne'. Deshalb unternimmt Jan Dietrich in der vorliegenden Studie eine religions- und rechtsgeschichtliche Untersuchung zu Dtn 21,1-9 und verwandten Quellen, die den Text sowohl im Licht der exegetischen und kulturanthropologischen Deutung von Sündenbockriten interpretiert als auch in den größeren Zusammenhang kollektiver Schuldproblematik stellt.

Der Band verbindet umfassende Untersuchungen Karl-Wilhelm Niebuhrs zur Bedeutung von Tora und Weisheit im Frühjudentum mit Einzelstudien zu Werken und Themen der frühjüdischen Literatur. Am Anfang stehen zwei übergreifende Darstellungen zur Tora und zum Verhältnis von Weisheit und Philosophie. Es folgen Studien zum frühjüdischen Ethos im Spannungsfeld von Tora und hellenistisch-römischer Ethik, zur eschatologischen Schriftauslegung im Frühjudentum und zur Rezeption der Tora in einzelnen Werken (Weisheit Salomos, Leben Adams und Evas, Joseph und Aseneth, Pseudo-Phokylides, Syrischer Menander). Am Ende stehen exemplarische Untersuchungen zum Umgang mit dem Thema Tod und Leben bei Flavius Josephus, zum frühjüdischen und frühchristlichen Ethos in antiken Beichtinschriften und zur Lage jüdischer Gemeinschaften im kaiserzeitlichen Rom unter Nero, die dem Forschungsansatz des Corpus Judaeo-Hellenisticum entstammen.

In the race to discover real solutions for the conflicts that plague contemporary society, it is essential that we look to precedent. Many of today's conflicts involve ethno-religious tensions that modern wisdom alone is ill-equipped to resolve. In Third-Party Peacemakers in Judaism, Rabbi Dr. Daniel Roth asks us to consider ancient religious and traditional cultural solutions to such present-day issues. Roth presents thirty-six case studies featuring third-party peacemakers drawn from Jewish classical, medieval, and early-modern rabbinic literature. Each case is explored through three layers of analysis - text, theory, and practice. The first layer offers historical and literary analysis of textual case studies, many of which are critically analyzed here for the first time. The second layer examines the theoretical model of third-party peacemaking imbedded within the selected cases and comparing them to other cultural and religious models of third-party peacemaking and conflict resolution. The final layer of analysis, based upon the author's personal experience of religious conflict resolution and peacemaking, looks at the practical implications of these case studies as models for modern peacemaking. Third-Party Peacemakers in Judaism serves as an inspiration for fostering indigenous practices of third-party peacemaking and mediation in the modern era.

This volume explores how the poetic technique of biblical metaphor was analyzed within the Jewish exegetical tradition that developed in Muslim Spain during the Golden Age of Hebrew poetry and was then transplanted to a Christian milieu. Abraham Ibn Ezra and Maimonides applied concepts from Arabic poetics, hermeneutics and logic to define metaphor and interpret it within their philological-literary readings of Scripture. David Kimhi integrated their methodologies with the midrashic creativity and sensitivity to nuance typical of his native Provence to create a new literary interpretive system that highlights the expressiveness of metaphor.This study is important for readers interested in metaphor, the Bible as literature, the history of biblical interpretation and the inter-relation between Arabic and Hebrew learning.

When Rome flattened Judea in the late first and early second centuries of the Common Era, Rabbinic Judaism regrouped and reorganized at the Academy in Yavne, Greek-speaking, gentile proto-orthodox Christianity headquartered in Antioch, Syria, and the Nazareans, the original, Jewish and'God-fearer,'Hebraically minded'Followers of the Way,'escaped to Pella. Rejected by both the rabbis and the bishops, the Nazareans have often had to go underground, but they have never gone extinct. They have resurfaced from time to time throughout the succeeding two millennia. Now, at the beginning of the Third Great Awakening, in what some believe will be the last Reformation before the Second Coming, the Nazarean movement is experiencing a renaissance. Neither Yavne nor Antioch: Recovering Nazarean Judaism celebrates that new birth.

This study places the Assumptio Mosis (AM) in its literary context of traditions of the 2nd century BC to the 1st century AD. It examines how in AM the biblical traditions have been adopted and adjusted (Deut 31 - Josh 1) to the actual circumstances. After presenting the current state of affairs in research and analysing the structure of the AM, the investigation focuses on a detailed account on how Deut 31 - Josh 1 has been incorporated in the AM and how this process affected the theological content. Furthermore the AM is put in a comparative perspective with other apocryphal traditions of the 2nd century BC to the 1st century AD (1-Enoch, T.12 Patr., Jub., 1-2-4 Macc, Ps Sal, Qumran texts, 4 Ezra, 2 Bar, Liber Antiquitatum Biblicarum) to try and characterise the place of the AM within this contemporary literature. This process of reception is clarified against the background of the so-called Rewritten-Bible-phenomena. A pattern can be discerned within this process, whereby actualising and adjusting to the historical circumstances are major objectives.

The 21 essays in this volume deal with the language and text of Hebrew corpora from the Second Temple period. They were originally presented at the Eighth International Symposium on the Hebrew of the Dead Sea Scrolls and Ben Sira, held in January 2016 in Jerusalem. Most of the papers focus on the Hebrew of the Dead Sea Scrolls in the light of First and Second Temple Hebrew. A few of the contributions are devoted primarily to the language of Ben Sira, Samaritan Hebrew, and Mishnaic Hebrew. You will find discussions of orthography, phonology, morphology, syntax, lexicon, language contact, and sociolinguistics.

“Amir Tsarfati tells the prophetic story of the Bible from Genesis to Revelation and in the process helps his readers to comprehend God's unique purpose and plan for both Israel and the Church. His refutation of Replacement Theology is profound and yet easy to understand. This book answers a lot of questions many prophetic writers are afraid to ask.” —Dr. David JeremiahAs the day of the Lord rapidly draws near, we must appreciate God's plans for all His peopleTo truly grasp Bible prophecy, we must first understand how God's promises to Israel complement His vision for the church. While some believe God has forsaken Israel for the church, this goes against the nature of the faithful Lord we find in Scripture. In his latest book, native Israeli and bestselling author Amir Tsarfati makes clear what the Bible says about God's unique master plans for His two chosen groups, Israel and the church. Amir gets to the heart of key questions, such as…Do the promises God made to the Old Testament nation of Israel still apply to the Jewish people today?Has God replaced rebellious Israel with the church?Now that the church exists, does Israel possess a distinct role in the present age?How are current events in Israel relevant to the church?What should the church's attitude be toward Israel?Israel and the Church provides a fascinating look at all that God has prepared for His two peoples—and why it's so relevant to us today!

Der Jalkut Schimoni ist ein Sammelwerk rabbinischer Auslegungen zur gesamten hebräischen Bibel. Unerforscht ist, nach welchen Kriterien die Auslegungen ausgewählt wurden und ob das Werk als umfassendes Nachschlagewerk für exegetische Fragen, zur Verbindung von Bibelauslegung in Talmud und Midrasch oder zur Reform der rabbinischen Auslegungstradition konzipiert wurde. Die Übersetzung des Werkes ist ein erster Schritt, diese Fragen zu beantworten.

This first book to examine the Jewish state through the lens of Jewish utopian thought, from its biblical beginnings to modernity, offers a fresh perspective on the political, religious, and geopolitical life of Israel. As Marc J. Rosenstein argues, the Jewish people's collective memories, desires, hopes, and faith have converged to envision an ideal life in the Land of Israel—but, critically, the legacy is a kaleidoscope of conflicting (and sometimes overlapping) visions. And after three millennia of imagining utopia, it is almost impossible for Jews to respond to Israel's realities without being influenced—even unconsciously—by these images. Charting the place of utopian thought in Judaism, Rosenstein then illustrates, with original texts, diverse utopian visions of the Jewish state: Torah state (Yavetz), holy community (based on nostalgic memories of the medieval community), national-cultural home (Lewinsky), “normal” state (Herzl), socialist paradise (Syrkin), anarchy (Jabotinsky), and a polity defined by Israel's historic or divinely ordained borders. Analyzing how these disparate utopian visions collide in Israel's attempts to chart policy and practice regarding the Sabbath, social welfare, immigration, developing versus conserving the land, and the Israel-Diaspora relationship yields novel perspectives on contemporary flashpoints. His own utopian vision offers a further entryway for both Israelis and Diaspora Jews into more informed and nuanced conversations about the “Jewish state.”