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Executive Function: Development Across the Life Span presents perspectives from leading researchers and theorists on the development of executive function from infancy to late adulthood and the factors that shape its growth and decline. Executive function is the set of higher-order cognitive processes involved in regulating attention, thoughts, and actions. Relative to other cognitive domains, its development is slow and decline begins early in late adulthood. As such, it is particularly sensitive to variations in environments and experiences, and there is growing evidence that it is susceptible to intervention – important because of its link to a wide range of important life outcomes.The volume is made up of four sections. It begins with an overview of executive function's typical development across the lifespan, providing a foundation for the remainder of the volume. The second section presents insights into mechanisms of executive function, as provided by a variety of methodological approaches. The third and fourth sections review the current research evidence on specific factors that shape executive function's development, focusing on normative (e.g., bilingualism, physical activity, cognitive training) and clinically relevant (e.g., substance use, neurodegenerative disease) developmental pathways.

In this book, top scientists from a variety of fields investigate the development of executive function (EF), a term that encompasses a range of mental processes that together regulate our social behavior and our cognitive and emotional well-being.

This concise guide introduces the importance of executive function for social and emotional well-being and effective learning. It clearly explains the research that underpins important topics such as working memory, organization, self-regulation, attention and cognitive flexibility, and how they apply to the real-world settings in which we work with children, adolescents, and families. This engaging book offers knowledge and strategies for improving executive function together with an understanding of its relevance for diverse populations.The authors use the most current research to provide an overview of what executive function is, how it develops, and how it works in coordination with other developmental factors to promote regulation and flexibility in thinking. Chapters contain detailed information about the biological and physiological foundations for brain development and emotion regulation, as well as advances in cognition, emotion, and social relationships. Making the research accessible to all with evidence-based writing and theory-to-practice applications, the book provides applications with career contexts and interviews and case studies that bring the book to life.Designed to introduce professionals, advocates, and parents to the importance of executive function in human development, this book is for all those working with children and young people. It will also be of interest as an introductory text for those new to the field or as a way to learn to apply developmental principles in practice.

Executive Functions in Health and Disease provides a comprehensive review of both healthy and disordered executive function. It discusses what executive functions are, what parts of the brain are involved, what happens when they go awry in cases of dementia, ADHD, psychiatric disorders, traumatic injury, developmental disorders, cutting edge methods for studying executive functions and therapies for treating executive function disorders. It will appeal to neuropsychologists, clinical psychologists, neuroscientists and researchers in cognitive psychology. - Encompasses healthy executive functioning as well as dysfunction - Identifies prefrontal cortex and other brain areas associated with executive functions - Reviews methods and tools used in executive function research - Explores executive dysfunction in dementia, ADHD, PTSD, TBI, developmental and psychiatric disorders - Discusses executive function research expansion in social and affective neuroscience, neuroeconomics, aging and criminology - Includes color neuroimages showing executive function brain activity

Advances in Child Development and Behavior, Volume 67, the latest release in this classic resource on the field of developmental psychology, includes a variety of timely updates, with this new volume presenting interesting chapters on topics such as Conceptual and Empirical Advances in Afterschool Research, Unraveling the Transracial Adoption Paradox: Construction race and racism in adoptive families, Risk and Resilience Models in Child Development, The Dual Journey: The Development of Twins'Relationships Throughout Childhood, A sociocultural perspective of multimodal learning by infants and young children, and Defining the Role of Executive Function in Children's Sociomoral Reasoning. - Contains chapters that highlight some of the most recent research in the area of child development and behavior - Presents a high-quality and wide range of topics covered by well-known professionals

A look at the extraordinary ways the brain turns thoughts into actions—and how this shapes our everyday livesWhy is it hard to text and drive at the same time? How do you resist eating that extra piece of cake? Why does staring at a tax form feel mentally exhausting? Why can your child expertly fix the computer and yet still forget to put on a coat? From making a cup of coffee to buying a house to changing the world around them, humans are uniquely able to execute necessary actions. How do we do it? Or in other words, how do our brains get things done? In On Task, cognitive neuroscientist David Badre presents the first authoritative introduction to the neuroscience of cognitive control—the remarkable ways that our brains devise sophisticated actions to achieve our goals. We barely notice this routine part of our lives. Yet, cognitive control, also known as executive function, is an astonishing phenomenon that has a profound impact on our well-being.Drawing on cutting-edge research, vivid clinical case studies, and examples from daily life, Badre sheds light on the evolution and inner workings of cognitive control. He examines issues from multitasking and willpower to habitual errors and bad decision making, as well as what happens as our brains develop in childhood and change as we age—and what happens when cognitive control breaks down. Ultimately, Badre shows that cognitive control affects just about everything we do.A revelatory look at how billions of neurons collectively translate abstract ideas into concrete plans, On Task offers an eye-opening investigation into the brain's critical role in human behavior.

This concise guide offers an accessible introduction to cognitive development in childhood and adolescence. It integrates insights from typical and atypical development to reveal fundamental aspects of human growth and development, and common developmental disorders. The topic books in this series draw on international research in the field and are informed by biological, social and cultural perspectives, offering explanations of developmental phenomena with a focus on how children and adolescents at different ages actually think, feel and act. In this volume, Stephen von Tetzchner explains key topics including: theories of cognitive development; attention, memory and executive function; conceptual development and reasoning, theory of mind; intelligence; and learning and instruction.Together with a companion website that offers topic-based quizzes, lecturer PowerPoint slides and sample essay questions, Typical and Atypical Child and Adolescent Development 4: Cognition, Intelligence and Learning is an essential text for all students of developmental psychology, as well as those working in the fields of child development, developmental disabilities and special education. The content of this topic book is taken from Stephen von Tetzchner's core textbook Child and Adolescent Psychology: Typical and Atypical Development. The comprehensive volume offers a complete overview of child and adolescent development – for more information visit www.routledge.com/9781138823396

This compilation comprises six chapters, each detailing a recent advancement in psychology research. Chapter One presents theoretical and empirical arguments in support of the existence of a defense system against pathogens called the Behavioral Immune System, which the authors argue complements the biological immune system and is characterized by cognitive, emotional, motivational, and social aspects. Chapter Two explains how mental disorders impact executive functioning, and how future therapies can focus on eliminating this dysfunction in mental disorders. Chapter Three examines some of the factors that contribute to women's perceptions of sexual harassment, including their decisions about whether to report such harassment, which remains one of the least reported social problems. Chapter Four concerns the impact of elevated lipid levels on executive function and sustained attention. Chapter Five explores the question of whether elevated use of social networking sites leads to problems like depression. Finally, Chapter Six deals with the development of body image in young adults, including factors like the quality of one's relationship with one's body, the influence of other people on body image, and mass media as conveyors of beauty ideals.

The field of educational neuroscience uses new insights about the neural mechanisms of learning to improve educational practices and outcomes. The first volume to bring together the latest knowledge on the development of educational neuroscience from a life-span perspective, this important text offers state of the art, authoritative research findings in educational neuroscience before providing evidence-based recommendations for classroom practice.Thomas, Mareschal, Dumontheil, and the team of expert international contributors assembled in this volume thoroughly explore four main themes throughout the book. The first theme is individual differences, or what makes children perform better or worse in the classroom. The second theme is the nature of individual differences at different stages in development, from early years into adulthood. The third theme addresses cognitive enhancement, summarizing research that has investigated activities that might give general benefits to cognition. And the fourth theme considers the translation of research findings into classroom practices, discussing broader ethical issues raised by educational neuroscience, and what teachers need to know about neuroscience to enhance their day-to-day practice. Specific topics explored include neuropsychological perspectives on socioeconomic disparities in educational achievement, reading difficulties, phonological skills, executive function, and emotional development. Educational Neuroscience is essential reading for researchers and graduate students of educational psychology, developmental science, developmental psychology, and cognitive psychology, especially those specializing in emotion regulation.

A look at the extraordinary ways the brain turns thoughts into actions—and how this shapes our everyday livesWhy is it hard to text and drive at the same time? How do you resist eating that extra piece of cake? Why does staring at a tax form feel mentally exhausting? Why can your child expertly fix the computer and yet still forget to put on a coat? From making a cup of coffee to buying a house to changing the world around them, humans are uniquely able to execute necessary actions. How do we do it? Or in other words, how do our brains get things done? In On Task, cognitive neuroscientist David Badre presents the first authoritative introduction to the neuroscience of cognitive control—the remarkable ways that our brains devise sophisticated actions to achieve our goals. We barely notice this routine part of our lives. Yet, cognitive control, also known as executive function, is an astonishing phenomenon that has a profound impact on our well-being.Drawing on cutting-edge research, vivid clinical case studies, and examples from daily life, Badre sheds light on the evolution and inner workings of cognitive control. He examines issues from multitasking and willpower to habitual errors and bad decision making, as well as what happens as our brains develop in childhood and change as we age—and what happens when cognitive control breaks down. Ultimately, Badre shows that cognitive control affects just about everything we do.A revelatory look at how billions of neurons collectively translate abstract ideas into concrete plans, On Task offers an eye-opening investigation into the brain's critical role in human behavior.

This comprehensive volume brings together international experts involved in applying and developing understanding of Working Memory in the context of a variety of neurodevelopmental disorders, neurocognitive disorders, and depressive disorders. Each chapter provides a description of the disorder and investigates the Working Memory and related Executive Function deficits. It goes on to provide a neurological profile, before exploring the impact of the disorder in daily functions, the current debates related to this disorder, and the potential effects of medication and intervention. Through combining coverage of theoretical understanding, methods of assessment, and different evidence-based intervention programs, the book supports clinical assessment and management of poor Working Memory. It is essential reading for students in neurodevelopmental disorders, atypical development and developmental psychopathology as well as allied health professionals, clinicians and those working with children in education and healthcare settings.

Packed with worksheets, handouts, and guided scripts with step-by-step directions, this definitive resource will put you to the top of your play game. With over 70 activities designed to improve thinking, self-regulation, learning and behavior, your tool kit will be full and your creative brain will be inspired to craft your own meaningful exercises. Play now, Play later... with 70 Play Activities for better brain function and learning.Based on years of clinical experience and educational work, Harvard-trained psychologist, Lynne Kenney, PsyD, and school psychologist, Rebecca Comizio MA, MA-Ed, NCSP have created fun, imaginative, and brain-based exercises for children and adolescents to develop attention, planning, executive function and mood management skills. Featuring:Musical ThinkingPhysical ActivitiesSocial Interaction GamesArtmakingPerfect for the classroom, clinic or home

Reflecting recent changes in the way cognition and the brain are studied, this thoroughly updated third edition of the best-selling textbook provides a comprehensive and student-friendly guide to cognitive neuroscience. Jamie Ward provides an easy-to-follow introduction to neural structure and function, as well as all the key methods and procedures of cognitive neuroscience, with a view to helping students understand how they can be used to shed light on the neural basis of cognition. The book presents an up-to-date overview of the latest theories and findings in all the key topics in cognitive neuroscience, including vision, memory, speech and language, hearing, numeracy, executive function, social and emotional behaviour and developmental neuroscience, as well as a new chapter on attention. Throughout, case studies, newspaper reports and everyday examples are used to help students understand the more challenging ideas that underpin the subject. In addition each chapter includes: Summaries of key terms and points Example essay questions Recommended further reading Feature boxes exploring interesting and popular questions and their implications for the subject. Written in an engaging style by a leading researcher in the field, and presented in full-color including numerous illustrative materials, this book will be invaluable as a core text for undergraduate modules in cognitive neuroscience. It can also be used as a key text on courses in cognition, cognitive neuropsychology, biopsychology or brain and behavior. Those embarking on research will find it an invaluable starting point and reference. The Student's Guide to Cognitive Neuroscience, 3rd Edition is supported by a companion website, featuring helpful resources for both students and instructors.

This book offers a comprehensive examination of trust and its relationship with mental illness and wellbeing.Engaging with a broad range of mental health research, theory, and practice through various transdisciplinary theoretical models of trust, this book highlights the social and family contexts surrounding the making and breaking of trust and mental health. It examines various sociological conceptual and theoretical frameworks of risk and trust while also engaging with evolutionary perspectives on the human need for cooperation and trust. The author describes how, in a world of constant connectivity, the drawing of boundaries assigns some people as strangers, using stigma as a form of power. The book concludes by considering the future of mental health and where trust-building may be possible. Each chapter is interspersed with observations and insights from the author's personal research covering many populations, communities and issues over several decades.Drawing on a wide range of interdisciplinary literature, the book will be of interest to mental health practitioners, researchers, and scholars interested in the psychosocial aspects of mental illness and stigma.

This is the first book to extensively explore the current state-of-the-art and promise of engram cells, the closest physical approximation of the memory trace to date. Converging evidence suggests that memories are stored, at least in part, as specific populations of engram cells. In this book, the leading experts in engram biology share their continuously refined insights on how engram cells contribute to information encoding and storage, across diverse brain regions and behavioral modalities. “Engrams: A Window into the Memory Trace'is broad in scope and spans molecular, cellular, circuit, computational as well as societal-philosophical aspects of memory engrams. Particular emphasis is placed on their emerging translational value for memory dysfunctions in age and stress-related disorders.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has been fast growing since its evolution and experiments with various new add-on features; human efficiency is one among those and the most controversial topic. This chapter focuses on its attention towards studying human consciousness and AI independently and in conjunction. It provides theories and arguments on AI being able to adapt human-like consciousness, cognitive abilities and ethics. This chapter studies responses of more than 300 candidates of the Indian population and compares it against the literature review. Furthermore, it also discusses whether AI could attain consciousness, develop its own set of cognitive abilities (cognitive AI), ethics (AI ethics) and overcome human beings'efficiency. This chapter is a study of the Indian population's understanding of consciousness, cognitive AI and AI ethics.

This book covers the entire spectrum of eating disorders, including obesity, in a psychotherapy procedure-independent manner and is based on the latest treatment guidelines. All disorders are presented on the basis of current evidence and treatment guidelines that combine psychotherapeutic and pharmacological interventions to provide therapists with clear recommendations for treatment. The 3rd edition has been completely revised to include important current topics and chapters, such as the inclusion of eating disorders in ICD 11/DSM 5, the role of the microbiome and the role of modern media e.g. ehealth in prevention and treatment. In addition, the editors and authors address, among other topics, systemic therapy as a new evidence-based psychotherapy and the discussion of addiction mechanisms in eating and weight disorders, and provide an outlook on the role of neurostimulation procedures to address current developments in obesity and eating disorders. The book is suitable as a reference for physicians in training, educators, and psychologists, especially colleagues from the field of psychosomatics, psychiatrists, and psychotherapists in research, clinic and practice.

Advanced Research Methods for Applied Psychology provides a comprehensive discussion of 21 key topics for the completion of an applied psychology (or similar) research thesis/project.The book provides a one-stop shop for the current issues and discussions of key research methods and common statistical analysis techniques, but avoids being a step-by-step instruction guide. The book is divided into four sections, representing the stages of thesis completion: getting started, data collection, data analysis, and reporting research. Each chapter presents a detailed scholarly discussion on a topic and represents the most up-to-date reference for that topic. The Chapters also provide key references for further detailed readings and guides. The chapters are authored by leading researchers from all around the world. This book discusses both emerging and traditional research methods commonly utilised within applied psychology research projects and directly assists early researchers in providing an informed discussion of their decisions relating to their choice of, for example, research sampling, the use of diary studies, appropriate survey time-lags, conducting systematic reviews, and the macro and micro process issues involved with conducting organisational interventions.This book is an important reference text for applied psychology research thesis/project students and researchers, including both undergraduate and postgraduate students. It will be of interest to applied psychology researchers in all fields (clinical, organisational, developmental, forensic, etc.) and to those in other disciplines. The book provides coverage of advanced research methods and statistical topics and is suitable for adoption for these courses in honours/post-graduate levels of study within applied psychology and related fields.

The need for comprehensive insights into mindfulness and well-being within the context of Indian psychology is a pressing issue. The immense stressors of modern life and the ever-expanding demands on academic scholars underscore the urgency of addressing mental and holistic health. Despite the ancient roots of mindfulness practices in Indian psychology, there remains a gap in understanding their contemporary applications and integration into diverse academic disciplines. Many within today's busy society, including academic scholars, grapple with balancing rigorous research, teaching commitments, and personal well-being. Stress, anxiety, and burnout are prevalent, impacting not only the scholars themselves but also the quality of their contributions to their respective fields. The need for a comprehensive guide that seamlessly integrates the principles of mindfulness and Indian psychology into the academic sphere is evident. Without such guidance, scholars may struggle with the adverse effects of stress and a lack of holistic well-being, ultimately hindering their potential for impactful contributions. Promoting Mindfulness and Well-Being with Indian Psychology is a groundbreaking book that offers a timely and much-needed solution to the challenges faced by academic scholars. Edited by leading experts in the field, each chapter serves as a beacon, illuminating the path to mindfulness and well-being within a scholarly context. From theoretical foundations to practical applications, the book provides a roadmap for scholars to enhance their academic pursuits but prioritize their mental, emotional, and physical health. This book is not just a resource; it is a transformative tool that empowers scholars to navigate the complexities of academia with mindfulness, fostering a culture of well-being that extends beyond research papers and lecture halls. For those seeking a holistic approach to academic success and personal fulfillment, this book is the compass that points the way.

Clear and accessible in style, this book offers a comprehensive introduction to criminal justice and forensic mental health and the ways in which they intersect.Assuming no prior exposure to the field of criminal forensic psychology, the book reviews ten areas where mental health professionals contribute regularly to the due process of law: comprehension of rights, competency to stand trial, transfer of juveniles to adult court, risk assessment, mitigation, sentencing, sexually violent predators, insanity, and capital punishment of persons with mental illness and with intellectual disability. The book also explores the major categories of mental disorders, how they contribute to criminal behavior, and what problems they present in courts and corrections. Landmark cases from the United States and United Kingdom are also reviewed in detail to develop a thorough understanding of the court's decision-making process. Bridging the gap between abstraction and practice through its narrative presentation of case material, emphasis on controversy, and illumination of the historical roots of problems and ideas, the book helps the forensic practitioner transition from novice to knowledgeable professional in the courtroom. Drawing on the author's extensive experience in forensic psychology, this book is the ideal resource for the early-career forensic mental health practitioner, as well as graduate students in forensic mental health and forensic psychology, and mental health professionals seeking to enter the field of forensics.

This edited collection provides a comprehensive and empirically informed discussion on affordances and their role in studying goal-directed behavior, covering philosophical, experimental psychological, neuroscientific, and applied perspectives.Showcasing the work of expert contributors from different backgrounds, the book inspires new directions for future research in affordances. Chapters address questions relating to the definition and perception of affordances, their advantages over stimuli, the relationship between affordances and behavior, and how systems engage with affordances in different tasks and intentions. This question-based format provides a distinctive perspective that allows for a thorough exploration of the expansive field of affordance research.This book serves as a crucial resource for seasoned scientists, researchers, and undergraduate and graduate students in the fields of ecological psychology, sensation and perception, cognition, and the philosophy of cognitive science, as well as non-academic individuals interested in mind sciences broadly construed. It provides valuable insights and knowledge in these fields, making it an essential reference for those seeking to deepen their understanding in the areas of perception and cognition.Chapter 5 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF at http://www.taylorfrancis.com under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license

Experimental Methods in Embodied Cognition presents a timely introduction to methodologies of cognitive science from a theoretical perspective. Embodied approaches to cognition are becoming increasingly prevalent in teaching and research globally, but until now a comprehensive book combining theoretical principles and practical methods for embodied cognition has been missing. Embracing this theoretical principle, the book introduces and compares different psychological methods from theoretical, technical, and methodological points of view. Informed by the direct experiences of a specialised group of authors, the text also offers a taxonomy of methods, including technical hands-on descriptions to support student learning. Each chapter includes suggestions for their use, enabling readers to compare methodologies and to find the most suitable approach for their specific research questions. Finally, the book also addresses the effects of different cultural immersions and learning experiences, offering an overview of other, non-psychological approaches to embodied cognition research, including comparative research with animals and humanoid robots.This is an essential read for students and researchers of embodied cognition across various fields, ranging from psychology and cognitive neuroscience to philosophy, linguistics, economics, and sport science.

This is an open access book. 2024 5th International Conference on Mental Health, Education and Human Development was held on May 17–19,2024 in Kaifeng, China. MHEHD2024 is to bring together innovative academics and industrial experts in the field of Mental Health, Education and Human Development to a common forum. The primary goal of the conference is to promote research and developmental activities in Mental Health, Education and Human Development and another goal is to promote scientific information interchange between researchers, developers, engineers, students, and practitioners working all around the world. The conference will be held every year to make it an ideal platform for people to share views and experiences in Mental Health, Education and Human Development and related areas. We warmly invite you to participate in MHEHD2024 and look forward to seeing you in Kaifeng, China!

This fascinating book explores the concept of slow living, offering a philosophical and psychological exploration of the need for a slower pace of life. It advocates for reclaiming and rediscovering more natural and human ways of being.In a digital age, which is dominated by an increasingly tyrannical trinity of speed, efficiency and productivity, the author challenges the pernicious ideal of instant gratification, perpetuated by modern consumer culture. This book examines alternative ways of being through re-examining the Wisdom Traditions of Hinduism, Buddhism, Daoism and Judaism through an ongoing and engaging dialogue with psychology and psychotherapy, including insights from environmental psychology, ecopsychology and cyberpsychology. The book argues against the trend for personal responsibility, adaptability and resilience, and the idea that stress is the ‘new normal'. Instead, it proposes a radical shift in paradigm, promoting not for collectively rising up and overthrowing this system but for communally sitting down and reimagining.The Psychology of Slow Living is a unique exploration of the benefits of the slow living movement and taps into contemporary debates around the way we should be living our lives, making it an ideal resource for students and academics in psychology, philosophy and the social sciences, as well as individuals interested in alternative lifestyles and spirituality.

Now in its second edition, Introduction to Human Development and Family Science was the first text to introduce human development and family studies (HDFS) as inextricably linked areas of study. Pioneers of research paradigms have acknowledged that the family is one setting in which human development occurs, and much work is inherently multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary. This book helps to fortify an understanding of HDFS and subareas within it.Key features include: Chapters aligned with Certified Family Life Educator (CFLE) Guidelines. An applied focus, with vignettes exploring diverse family structures and human experience, a brand-new appendix with helpful tips to encourage the effective utilization of research. Discussion of the wide variety of career paths for HDFS students. Rich pedagogical features, including Challenge: Integration sections, bringing together content from all chapters; Journal Questions, encouraging reflection on content as well as personal experience; and Suggested Resources, listing relevant websites, books, articles, and video links for further study. Incredibly user-friendly, this is essential reading for students new to Human Development and Family Science.A fully developed Instructor and Student Website includes flashcards, self-testing quizzes, and discussion questions for students, as well as activities, lecture slides, test banks, and video recommendations for instructors.

This book presents a comparative review of the latest studies and data on prelinguistic communication and early semantic development in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), Williams syndrome (WMS), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and early language delay. Papaeliou offers a critical analysis of the literature, compares key theoretical approaches, and interprets data on development in atypical populations.A fruitful synthesis of theory and research reveals that, instead of cognitive deficits, the core feature of these neurodevelopmental disorders consists of deficits in the ability for self- and intersubjective coordination, which adversely affects early interactions and, consequently, the emergence of language. The book composes fragmentary proposals on the role of rhythm disruptions in different conditions, setting out the idea that disruption in interactional synchrony is a connecting thread through neurodevelopmental disorders which show high prevalence or high comorbidity rates. Papaeliou identifies distinct communicative patterns characteristic of each disorder and puts forward a unifying theory for interpreting data on early communication and language development in atypical populations.This is ideal reading for psychologists, psycholinguists, psychiatrists, paediatricians, speech therapists, and special educators. Students in developmental psychology and anyone interested in understanding the research behind typical and atypical development will also benefit from this text.

Now in its fourth edition, this highly popular text is the definitive introduction to consciousness, exploring the key theories and evidence in consciousness studies ranging from neuroscience and psychology to quantum theories and philosophy.Written by mother and daughter author team Susan Blackmore and Emily Troscianko, the book examines why the term ‘consciousness'has no recognised definition. It also provides an opportunity to delve into personal intuitions about the self, mind, and consciousness. Featuring comprehensive coverage of all core topics in the field, the book explains why the problem of consciousness is so hard. Theories of attention and free will, altered states of consciousness, and the differences between conscious and unconscious are all explored. Written with students of psychology, neuroscience, and philosophy in mind, this edition has been thoroughly updated throughout, and includes expanded coverage of panpsychism, illusionism, predictive processing, adversarial collaboration, psychedelics, and AI.Complete with key concept boxes, profiles of well-known thinkers, and questions and activities designed for both independent study and group work, Consciousness provides a complete introduction to this fascinating field, and is essential reading for students of psychology, philosophy, and neuroscience.

Where do your instincts come from and how can you improve them? Stretched by heavy workloads and facing ever more complex environments, leaders increasingly find themselves running on automatic and relying on their instincts. But depending on instincts is a bit like gambling, and as a result, stress levels, mistakes and failure rates are all on the up. In this ground-breaking book, leadership experts Nik Kinley and Shlomo Ben-Hur reveal how our instincts are the products of childhood experience - lessons learnt that have become written into the structure of our brains. Like the source code at the centre of a computer, they underpin almost every aspect of our functioning as leaders. They affect how we interpret and experience things, how we react to events, the environments we choose, the impact we have on people, and even the responses we trigger in others. Often these instincts and tendencies are hidden beneath professional poise. But under pressure, when we are deprived of time, they come to the fore. This is why leading under pressure can bring out the best and the worst in us. And it is why – ultimately – leadership is a test of the character of our instinctual code. Based on decades of research, this book shows how we get to be the leaders we are today. It explains the tendencies and inclinations that past experiences can leave us with and the hidden ways in which they can affect who we are as leaders and how we behave. And crucially, it shows how we can make better use of our instincts and even improve them to become better leaders.

This important book considers how youth of color and other marginalized youth experience socio-cultural deprivation from the repetition of traumatic socio-historic experiences as well as from the institutions they interact with such as schools, mental health organizations, and social services agencies. Focusing on the importance of connection to cultural heritage, the book shows how young people's cognitive development can be mediated in educational settings through humanizing and culturally sustaining rituals that build rapport and facilitate learning and healing.The authors define socio-cultural deprivation and locate its origins for marginalized youth in post-traumatic slave syndrome, post-apocalyptic stress syndrome and similar socio-historic trauma, epigenetic trauma, and contemporary trauma. They weave theory and research, autobiography, and professional anecdotes to identify and elaborate upon socio-cultural deprivation and to provide rituals for rapport-building that can be applied to classrooms, group counselling, social work practices, and other human-centred work. Rituals include those acknowledging indigeneity; exploring personal ancestry and alternative forms for those who have no connection to their biological family; healing experiences through yoga, meditation, progressive relaxation, and visualization practices; and explicit relationship-building activities.From Cultural Deprivation to Cultural Security will be a crucial text for training and practising psychologists, educators, social workers, youth workers and counsellors, concerned with the positive development of children, adolescents, and young adults.

Introductory Psychology and the Human Condition provides an engaging, cohesive, and practical treatment of traditional psychological principles and theories.The book uses Maslow's human needs hierarchy and Bronfenbrenner's ecological theory of development as organizational schemas for considering how cultures have evolved to address human needs. It relates major psychological processes, including biology, perception, motivation, learning, and cognition, to lifespan and personality development in nomadic hunter-gatherer and technologically enhanced cultures. Human history is described as a feedback loop in which inventions and technologies result in the need for individuals and cultures to adapt to changing environmental and social conditions. By applying interdisciplinary perspectives of the humanities, social and natural sciences, and helping professions to the human condition, it offers a meaningful lens through which to study and interpret core psychological concepts. Chapters are supported by self-understanding and self-control exercises that help students place their lives within a cultural and historical context and apply the principles of psychology to themselves.Offering an engaging overview of the essential elements of an introductory psychology course in an accessible and approachable style, Introductory Psychology and the Human Condition is core reading for introductory students and will appeal also to a general audience interested in psychology.

This extensive overview of mental performance optimization techniques offers both a state-of-the-art reference resource and comprehensive tool for those engaged in the management and implementation of mental performance programs.The book is written by a combination of academic and operational experts from a wide range of high-performance domains, including the military, space programs, academia, executive coaching, and elite athlete coaching, who complement scientific analyses and overviews of current knowledge with their own experience. Divided into three parts, the book begins by providing a broad conceptual framework through which to embed the latter technical content. Part two looks specifically at the interventions, knowledge, skills, and techniques needed to improve mental performance for both individuals and teams. The final section pulls together the theory of the previous parts, taking a more practical approach by covering implementation, methodological plans on how to appraise new techniques, lessons learned based on the practical experience of the authors, and considerations regarding the necessary learning environment for mental performance improvement.Pairing an overview of all available neurological, cognitive, and psychological interventions aimed at improving mental performance with a review of their implementation, this is a go-to guide for practitioners involved in managing mental performance and program managers looking at the implementation of a mental performance policy across a wide range of domains. It will also be of interest for courses on performance psychology and human performance in both an academic and professional environment.The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license.

The Mental Health of Gifted Intelligent Machines explores the increasingly sophisticated behaviours of developing AI and how we can ensure it will have emotional resilience, ethical strength and an ability to think in a new and enhanced way. Its primary aim is to change how we understand the world by investigating humanity as an intelligent being, examining and contrasting human and artificial intelligence.The book considers what we can learn from the likely mental health issues that will occur with increasingly sophisticated aspects of machine intelligence and how they will reflect the human condition. It asks questions about our identity in a deeply uncertain and disruptive ever-changing world; how we will improve and enhance our psychological intelligence to meet the increasing complications and demands of the future; and what we need to do, now, to be psychologically intelligent enough to live a full meaningful life in a new world evolving around us. The book argues that changes in our understanding of mental health, psychology and our view of intelligence will challenge huge aspects of our fundamental beliefs and assumptions and that it is essential we explore new arenas to further understand both our own human psychological issues and mental health as we develop gifted intelligent machines.It is a must read for all students, researchers and professionals involved with AI, gifted education, consciousness and mental health.

Advances in the Psychobiology of Sleep and Circadian Rhythms features international experts from the fields of psychobiology, sleep research and chronobiology to address and review cutting-edge scientific literature concerning recent advances in the psychobiology of sleep, sleep disorders, such as sleep apnoea and insomnia, and circadian rhythms, across the lifespan.In this illuminating volume, Melinda L. Jackson and Sean P.A. Drummond bring together leading international researchers to review cross-cutting issues in the field, including sleep and pain, sleep and dementia risk, and sleep issues in paediatric populations as well as the interaction between sleep and health conditions in different populations. The chapters offer coverage of the major explanatory models which underpin the empirical work as well as a discussion of the relevant theoretical and conceptual models on issues arising with specific psychiatric and medical disorders, including depression, dementia, posttraumatic stress disorder and pain. They also address new research in the area of chronobiology, and circadian impacts on health and diseases. The chapters also discuss important methodological and ethical issues arising in research and include sections addressing implications for public policy and practitioner interventions in the context of different social and cultural environments.This volume will be a crucial resource for professionals, practitioners and researchers engaged in the field as well as for postgraduate and upper-level undergraduate students undertaking research in areas related to psychobiology, neuropsychology, health psychology and other disciplines such as biology, physiology and psychopharmacology.

The Ecological Brain is the first book of its kind, using complexity science to integrate the seemingly disparate fields of ecological psychology and neuroscience. The book develops a unique framework for unifying investigations and explanations of mind that span brain, body, and environment: the NeuroEcological Nexus Theory (NExT).Beginning with an introduction to the history of the fields, the author provides an assessment of why ecological psychology and neuroscience are commonly viewed as irreconcilable methods for investigating and explaining cognition, intelligent behavior, and the systems that realize them. The book then progresses to its central aim: presenting a unified investigative and explanatory framework offering concepts, methods, and theories applicable across neural and ecological scales of investigation. By combining the core principles of ecological psychology, neural population dynamics, and synergetics under a unified complexity science approach, NExT offers a compressive investigative framework to explain and understand neural, bodily, and environmental contributions to perception-action and other forms of intelligent behavior and thought.The book progresses the conversation around the role of brains in ecological psychology, as well as bodies and environments in neuroscience. It is essential reading for all students of ecological psychology, perception, cognitive sciences, and neuroscience, as well as anyone interested in the history and philosophy of the brain/mind sciences and their state-of-the-art methods and theories.

This book focuses on advances in psychology research. Chapter 1 discusses self-esteem and subjective well-being, and how they correlate in emerging adulthood. Chapter 2 focuses on the training of psychological techniques in athletes with Down Syndrome (DS). Chapter 3 aims at researching how EP and CSR have already been used together so far in literature and figuring out how they might collaborate and corroborate each other to encourage sustainable behavior. Chapter 4 seeks to analyze deviant behaviors in organizations, including the definition of these behaviors, their typology, as well as the underlying factors and causes that influence their occurrence. Chapter 5 explores how couples in three parenting arrangements - equal-sharers, role-reversed and traditional - divide paid work and childcare, and the economic and structural factors that facilitate a less gendered division of roles. Chapter 6 investigates the psychological impacts and resilience demonstrated by first-generation Afghan refugees/migrants arriving in the United States. Chapter 7 aims to examine the professional projections of French employees and their relationship with current meaningful work. Chapter 8 discusses the mechanisms underlying the loss in individuals'mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic as well as the direct and indirect impacts of the virus on the central nervous system. Chapter 9 examines the differences in behaviors associated with coping strategies between university students from the United States and Spain. Finally, Chapter 10 focuses on understanding the relationship between schizophrenia and cognitive function.

One of the arguments that explain the relevance of this book is the overwhelming lack of knowledge that the current literature throws on the Inhelderian microgenetic method. The place of this method is definitely ungrateful and has remained incomprehensibly hidden. All indications are that it seems to have lagged behind many of the brightest heads in developmental psychology, those who made up the Geneva school. The book aims to illustrate how Inhelderian microgenesis emerges in the landscape of cognitive development as a new object of study. More than ruptures with respect to the problems of the normative subject, the Inhelderian project entails both conceptual and methodological displacements. In this new map, the psychological subject takes a predominant place, and does so in terms of the cognitive functioning of the subject in relation to situations of resolution. This functioning is studied on the basis of the microgenetic method, which makes it possible to identify the role of mental schemas, their combinations and recompositions in the face of specific and problematic situations. The totally original version of the microgenetic method that is delivered from the Inhelderian legacy in this book, not only recovers its basic sense but also advances in the direction of some indications that Inhelder herself had pointed out. This renewed object of study recovers a subject, with a status in terms of its own models, its theories and its dynamics. Starting from a demanding and knowledgeable reading of Inhelder's work. This knowledge becomes the best criterion to point out an updated path of the work with concepts and tools resulting from recent research but articulated with a microgenetic vision coming from the most orthodox tradition. The bet consists of advancing from the legacy of Inhelder and her team and projecting it as a methodological alternative for current research in developmental studies.

This much-needed book introduces readers to the related fields of expertise, creativity, and performance, exploring our understanding of the factors contributing to greatness in creative domains.Bringing together research from the fields of creativity and expertise, it provides fresh insights for newcomers and seasoned scholars alike with its approachable guide to the multidimensional complexities of expertise development. It transcends traditionally studied fields such as chess, sports, and music, instead exploring the intersection of expertise with creativity and the performing arts. Dedicated applied chapters cover eight fields, including mind-games, music, dance, creative writing, acting, art, and STEM. The book also examines the facilitators of creative performance, including aesthetic sensitivity, creativity, and mental imagery, as well as the obstacles to performance, such as burnout, procrastination, and gender-related challenges. The book concludes by engaging with pressing issues facing expertise, including the impact of AI. Student-friendly pedagogy is featured throughout, including'Spotlight on...','Check it out...', and'Consider this...'boxes to position material within context and engage students'learning.Whether revealing how an actor brings their part to life, how writers conjure up their storylines and vibrant characters, or what lies behind scientific invention, The Psychology of Creative Performance and Expertise offers a fascinating insight into the multifaceted journey towards achieving creative excellence. This is a valuable resource for final-year undergraduate and postgraduate students, and scholars across a range of disciplines, including expertise or skill acquisition, the psychology of performance, and creativity.

This book discusses advances in psychology research. Chapter 1 outlines why therapeutic relationships are critical; examines UPR through the lens of Behavioural Momentum Theory, exploring therapist-as-context in the process; explores the implications of this view for ABA and PCC; and highlights some limitations to any such translation. Chapter 2 delves into how leaders through technological advancements such as virtual communication and online meetings, despite their inherent challenges, can foster unique avenues for the articulation of diverse opinions and the matching of specific skills with corresponding tasks. Chapter 3 discusses how esports have become a significant social and economic phenomenon and poses a new challenge for sports psychology. Chapter 4 reviews a study done on financial literacy and its role in an individual's financial well-being. Chapter 5 discusses Theory of Mind (ToM) which is the ability to represent one's mental states and those of others. Chapter 6 aims to identify and discuss the main post-pandemic challenges for career counseling with emerging adults. Chapter 7 explores the role of motivation in the context of Alzheimer's disease, based on self-determination theory. Finally, Chapter 8 explores the rare coexistence of science and art through Freud's perspective, examining how these two different approaches contribute to the interpretation of psychoanalysis.

This volume explores indirect parenting behavior that changes the structure of the parent-child relationship, examining the ecological dimension of parenting in addition to nurturance and control.Drawing on neuroscientific research in parenting, it provides a model for how children learn implicitly and how parents can relate to children through indirect means. Roberts argues that first-order parenting techniques, teaching specific behaviors to reduce unwanted child behaviors, are overused. He examines and offers guidance on how indirect interventions that place emphasis on the interactional components of the parent/child relationship, such as modelling, storytelling, reframing, humor, and paradox, can support parents and children in developing positive relationships. • Addresses the latest brain research and its application to parent/child interactions• Introduces the student to aspects of the parent/child relationship that are not covered in most courses• Useful to clinicians who work directly with parents • Offers a perspective on parenting that differs from most parenting models• Facilitates awareness of how unconscious and nonverbal communication affects parenting• Serves to deepen the relationship with the child and curb unwanted behaviorIndirect Parenting Interventions, Neuroscience and the Parent-Child Relationship will be thought-provoking reading for students and scholars of parenting and family systems, as well as clinicians who work directly with parents giving them a broader perspective in dealing with parent/child interactions.

In the World Library of Psychologists series, international experts present career-long collections of what they judge to be their most interesting publications – extracts from books, key articles, research findings, and practical and theoretical contributions.Ellen Bialystok has published widely in the field of cognitive development and decline across the lifespan. Her research uses behavioral and neuroimaging methods to examine the effect of experience on cognitive and brain systems with a focus on bilingualism. Her discoveries include the identification of differences in the development of cognitive and language abilities for monolingual and bilingual children, the use of different brain networks by monolingual and bilingual young adults performing cognitive tasks, and the postponement of symptoms of dementia in bilingual older adults. In other studies, she has investigated the effects of bilingual education on children's development and the cognitive and brain consequences of bilingualism in older adults.Including a specially written introduction, in which Ellen Bialystok reflects on the role that language plays on thought, this collection will serve as a valuable resource for students and researchers of psycholinguistics, developmental psychology, and applied linguistics.

What makes some experiences more memorable than others? How can you better remember specific information later? Memories That Matter addresses these questions and more.The book is divided into three main parts, with each part focusing on a different aspect of memory. After the introductory first part, Part II discusses everyday uses of memory and why we remember, establishing a foundation for how memory is structured and stored in the brain. Part III dives into what makes us remember. Emotional and rewarding experiences are both more memorable than mundane experiences but are often studied using different approaches. Self-relevance and objects we can interact with are remembered better than less relevant information. The author explores these motivation-related influences on memory and considers whether a common mechanism underlies them all. Part IV changes the focus, discussing how we sometimes want to remember specific information that does not automatically capture our attention. The book considers evidence-based learning strategies and memory strategies, whilst also exploring real-world applications, with discussion of professions that accomplish amazing memory feats daily. The book concludes with a reflection on how the role of memory is changing as our world makes information increasingly accessible, particularly with the ever-expanding influence of the internet.Drawing from a variety of literatures and perspectives, this important book will be relevant for all students of memory from psychology, cognitive neuroscience, and related health backgrounds.

Lies, Lying and Liars: A Psychological Analysis delves into the psychology of lies, exploring the processes of lying and its far-reaching consequences.The author's unique approach considers the ways in which lying sculpts our realities when used by public figures such as politicians, as well as how lying is woven into our everyday life. This book dissects lies in natural social contexts, from the innocent childhood fibs to the more nefarious fabrications of con artists, cheats, and adulterers. Drawing from a rich tapestry of psychology and sociobiology, as well as research and literature from philosophy and the social sciences, this book discusses the role of lying and liars in day-to-day life. It offers profound insights into the strategies of deceit, the presence or absence of remorse, emotion and rationalisations, pathological liars, the development of lying, its connection to narcissism, the functional utility of lies, and lie detection. Lies, the book argues, are a part of the social structures inherent in everyday social life, and there is a need to explore their psychological significance in a range of natural, everyday contexts.Written in Beattie's unique and engaging style by using elements of personal narrative and self-reflection, this is a fascinating read for students and scholars of psychology, sociology, and politics, and other disciplines of the behavioural and social sciences, as well as anyone interested in the phenomenon of lying.

Evolution and the Human-Animal Drive to Conflict examines how fundamental, universal animal drives, such as dominance/prevalence, survival, kinship, and'profit'(greed, advantage, whether of material or social nature), provide the basis for the evolutionary trap that promotes the unstable, conflictive, dominant-prone individual and group human behaviours. Examining this behavioural tension, this book argues that while these innate features set up behaviours that lean towards aggression influenced by social inequalities, the means implemented to defuse them resort to emotional and intellectual strategies that sponsor fanaticism and often reproduce the very same behaviours they intend to defuse. In addressing these concerns, the book argues that we should enhance our resources to promote solidarity, accept cultural differences, deter expansionist and uncontrolled profit drives, and achieve collective access towards knowledge and progress in living conditions. This entails promoting the redistribution of resources and creative labour access and avoiding policies that generate a fragmented world with collective and individual development disparities that invite and encourage dominance behaviours. This resource redistribution asserts that it is necessary to reformulate the global set of human priorities towards increased access to better living conditions, cognitive enhancement, a more amiable interaction with the ecosystem and non-aggressive cultural differences, promote universal access to knowledge, and enhance creativity and cultural convivence. These behavioural changes entail partial derangement of our ancestral animal drives camouflaged under different cultural profiles until the species succeeds in replacing the dominance of basic animal drives with prosocial, collective ones. Though it entails a formidable task of confronting financial, military, and religious powers and cultural inertias – human history is also a challenging, continuous experience in these domains – for the sake of our own self-identity and self-evaluation, we should reject any suggestion of not continuing embracing slowly constructing collective utopias channelled towards improving individual and collective freedom and creativeness.This book will interest academics and students in social, cognitive, and evolutionary psychology, the neurosciences, palaeoanthropology, philosophy, and anthropology.

A history of “priming” research that analyzes the field's underlying assumptions and experimental protocols to shed new light on a contemporary crisis in social psychology. In 2012, a team of Belgian scientists reported that they had been unable to replicate a canonical experiment in the field of psychology known as “priming.” The original experiment, performed by John Bargh in the nineties, had purported to show that words connoting old age unconsciously influenced—or primed—research subjects, causing them to walk more slowly. When subsequent researchers could not replicate these results, Nobel-winning psychologist Daniel Kahneman warned of a “train wreck looming” if Bargh and his colleagues could not address doubts about their work. Since then, the inability to replicate other well-known priming experiments has helped precipitate an ongoing debate over what has gone wrong in psychology, raising fundamental questions about the soundness of research practices in the field. Anatomy of a Train Wreck offers the first detailed history of priming research from its origins in the early 1980s to its recent collapse. Ruth Leys places priming experiments in the context of contemporaneous debates over not only the nature of automaticity but also the very foundations of social psychology. While these latest discussions about priming have largely focused on methodology—including sloppy experimental practices, inadequate statistical methods, and publication bias—Leys offers a genealogy of the theoretical expectations and scientific paradigms that have guided and motivated priming research itself. Examining scientists'intellectual strategies, their responses to criticism, and their assumptions about the nature of subjectivity, Anatomy of a Train Wreck raises crucial questions about the evidence surrounding unconscious influence and probes the larger stakes of the replication crisis: psychology's status as a science.

This book documents and chronicles current research and initiatives, and growing knowledge base about well-being, in a Singapore context. In Singapore, the well-being of children and youth has been the subject of research and policy efforts. This is reflective of global and national concerns on the care of the young and those at risk of maladaptive outcomes, the nurturing of emotional health and resilience, and development of social and psychological resources. The chapters present a brief yet comprehensive summary of current insights on the well-being of children, adolescents, teachers, parents, and caregivers within the context of Singapore. This book highlights important issues and gaps in research related to the well-being of children and adolescents that are also relevant to the global community. It also provides recommendations for future directions that will be useful to researchers, policymakers, practitioners, parents, and other key stakeholders.

Quality supervision assists in quality service provision. The Practice of Clinical and Counselling Supervision: Australian and International Applications is the third edition of the leading Australian state-of-the-art text for supervision training applicable to a vast range of applied therapists. Counsellors, psychologists, psychotherapists, social workers, and clinical nurse supervisors will all find the presentation of supervision approaches, methods, and applications helpful.From introductory conceptualisations of counselling to ethical applications, and from interacting with suicidality to addressing supervisee fears, this book has what supervisors need to know about supervision. Specialty areas including domestic violence, Christian counselling, and the status of supervision research are also covered. This third edition uniquely details information on supervision and counselling in various countries, and thus honours the diversity of applied supervision globally. With an impressive list of contributors from Australia and the broader region, this book provides a wealth of practical information, advice, theory, research evidence, and essential training for supervisors.

This new edition of this bestselling handbook offers a comprehensive and scholarly overview of the latest research on prejudice, stereotyping, and discrimination.Now in its third edition, the book provides a full update of its highly successful predecessor and features new material on topics such as antisemitism, mental illness stigma, sexual and gender identity prejudice, anti-fat prejudice, politics and prejudice, ableism, evolutionary theory and prejudice, and anti-immigration prejudice. The book is divided into four main parts that consider the origins of prejudice; cognitive, affective, and motivational processes in prejudice; targets of prejudice and reducing prejudice. The volume is written by eminent researchers who explore topics by presenting an overview of current and cutting-edge research and, where appropriate, developing new theory, models, or scales.Handbook of Prejudice, Stereotyping, and Discrimination is an essential text for graduate students, instructors and researchers in social and personality psychology. It is also an invaluable reference for academics and professionals in sociology, communication studies and the social sciences, as well as government workers and policymakers.

This book provides a comprehensive yet accessible introduction to aphasia, or loss of language, a complex condition that affects approximately a third of stroke survivors.It describes the varied manifestations of aphasia on speech, comprehension, reading and writing. Chapters explore how aphasia presents across different languages and in bilingualism, as well as the impacts of aphasia on a person's life and the effects for family members. The text also considers recovery in aphasia and how that recovery can be enhanced by a range of interventions. All topics are informed by extensive research and personal accounts of individuals living with aphasia.Anyone interested in language needs to know about aphasia and will find here the perfect beginner's guide. The book provides an invaluable introduction to aphasia for students of speech and language therapy, health professionals and others with an interest in stroke care. It also offers easy-to-read answers to many of the questions posed by family members of stroke survivors.

En 2021, el programa de Psicología de la Universidad del Norte cumplió cincuenta años: medio siglo de logros en investigación e intervención en las diferentes áreas de la psicología y, principalmente, en la formación de los estudiantes. Para celebrar la fecha, los profesores decidieron escribir este libro como un aporte no solo a la historia del programa, sino como una referencia a los temas psicológicos relevantes de la actualidad. Quince temas que responden a la formación, intereses y experticia de los profesores, abarcando áreas como los procesos psicológicos básicos, los psicobiológicos, la psicología clínica y de la salud, los procesos psicosociales, el área educativa y la psicología de las organizaciones y del trabajo.

The Psychology of Starting School offers a highly accessible, practical guide to cutting-edge research from developmental science to guide parents and professionals through this exciting but sometimes tricky period.Written by expert developmental psychologists, it explores how social and emotional competence emerges within a network of supportive relationships and explains how the transition to school compares with other key transitions for children, for example, becoming a sibling. Addressing the all-important topic of children's early friendships, it explains how children's mindreading skills and ability to regulate their feelings and behaviour contribute to a successful school transition. The book offers guidance on topics such as successful home-school links, the impact of starting school on family life and troubleshooting problems for both parents and educators including socialising outside school, children's fatigue, and establishing positive relationships with other parents at the school gates.Designed to dip in and out, and complete with numerous examples, chapter summaries and top tips for parents and teachers, this book is essential reading for parents, Early Years professionals, SENDCos, health visitors and school nurses, as well as mental health professionals and social workers working with children and families.