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Focusing on these developing problems and growing troubles, this book mainly discusses economic growth issues related to demographic transition, as well as livelihood issues derived from them and closely related to policy logic. It aims to make theoretical analysis and provide necessary international experience and lessons and put forward targeted policy advice. This book proposes a three-pronged pattern of competition policy, industrial policy, and social policy to achieve productivity improvement and innovation momentum; gives full play to China's super-large market advantages, attractiveness and negotiating position; and promotes each other through domestic and international dual cycles to achieve a higher level of development.

This contributed volume explores the relationships between politics, economics, and evaluation. With a special focus on Greece, it addresses how evaluations within different sectors impact policymaking and explains what this means for sustainable development. Featuring interdisciplinary perspectives on economic policy evaluation for inclusive and future-forward public policy, the chapters rethink and reform evaluation to meet modern economic challenges. The book outlines the concept and principles of resource allocation in evaluation, offering a framework for economic transformation. It highlights the role of evaluation in achieving sustainable development. It provides a new way to measure the quality of public policy, governance, and economic policy.

The highly engaging introduction to thinking like an economist, updated for a new generation of readers. When economists wrestle with any social issue—be it unemployment, inflation, healthcare, or crime and punishment—they do so impersonally. The big question for them is: what are the costs and benefits, or trade-offs, of the solutions to such matters? These trade-offs constitute the core of how economists see the world—and make the policies that govern it. Trade-Offs is an introduction to the economic approach of analyzing controversial policy issues. A useful introduction to the various factors that inform public opinion and policymaking, Trade-Offs is composed of case studies on topics drawn from across contemporary law and society. Intellectually stimulating yet accessible and entertaining, Trade-Offs will be appreciated by students of economics, public policy, health administration, political science, and law, as well as by anyone following current social policy debates.

This edited volume addresses the theoretical and historical foundations of the German Social Market Economy. Written to commemorate the 75th anniversary of the establishment of the Social Market Economy, chapter contributions discuss the ideas of its theoretical founders—Walter Eucken, Alfred Müller-Armack, Wilhelm Röpke, and Franz Böhm--as well as related influences such as Ordoliberalism, the historical school of economics, and the Catholic social doctrine. In addition, chapters analyze differences and parallels to alternative policy concepts, in particular Keynesianism. Finally, the volume turns toward contemporary discussions of the Social Market Economy in the present political and economic context, specifically its ability to cope with current challenges. Providing rich context for the establishment of Germany's contemporary economic system, this volume will be of interest to researchers and students of political, social and economic systems, the history of economicthought, and political history.

In the context of global population aging, the aging population of China is not only a China-specific problem but also a global concern. Based on in-depth analysis, this book focuses on the increasingly serious issue of aging population of China at the present time, and explores the possible path and solution from the new type of demographic dividend that is innovation. With 1/5 of the global aging population in the world, China has the largest aging population and is aging faster and deeper, which produces and, profound and far-reaching impact on the economic growth, social security, health care and other related areas.

Dieses Buch ist eine Chronik und Bestandsaufnahme der Corona-Pandemie in Deutschland von ihren Anfängen bis heute (April 2023).Die durch das Virus verursachte Krise offenbart schlaglichtartig die strukturellen Schwächen unseres Landes: Ein verordnungsorientierter Staatsapparat, ein antiquiertes Bildungssystems und ein eher träges Wirtschaftssystem behindern angemessene Reaktionen, weitere Entwicklung und höhere Wettbewerbsfähigkeit. Eine Bildungs- und Weiterbildungsoffensive und eine Digitalisierungsoffensive sind die wichtigsten Konsequenzen, die nun gezogen werden müssen.Das Buch bietet dazu Analysen und Gewichtungen positiver und negativer Entwicklungen auch anhand tabellarischer Darstellungen und formuliert schließlich Handlungshinweise für verschiedene Gesellschafts- und Wirtschaftsbereiche. Es richtet sich an Führungskräfte der Wirtschaft, deren Mitarbeiter und Begleiter in den Aufsichts- und Mitbestimmungsorganen, an die Gestalter von Bildung und Weiterbildung sowie an das politische Personal unseres Landes. Für die 2. Auflage wurde ein ausführliches Kapitel über die Auswirkungen der Pandemie auf den Kulturbetrieb ergänzt.

Stellen Sie sich vor, ein demokratischer Staat muss ein komplexes Problem lösen. Der Lösung muss eine Mehrheit der Bevölkerung zustimmen. Es stehen zwei Lösungen zur Wahl: Eine komplizierte, die schwer zu verstehen ist, das Problem aber löst und eine einfache, die leicht verständlich dargestellt werden kann, aber falsch ist, und das Problem nicht löst. Welche wird die Wahl gewinnen? Vermutlich die leichte, falsche Lösung. Wir Menschen tragen den „sense making Trieb“ in uns. Wir wollen verstehen, was um uns herum geschieht. Die Welt ist aber zu schwierig und zu kompliziert, um sie tatsächlich begreifen zu können. Das macht die leichten Scheinlösungen so verführerisch. Wir lieben sie, weil sie uns vorgaukeln, wir wüssten Bescheid. Politiker wissen das und bedienen uns mit leichter Kost und die Medien wissen es auch. Das führt zu der Frage: Sind Demokratien mit Ihrer breiten politischen Mitbestimmung überhaupt in der Lage, die hochkomplexen Probleme unserer Zeit zu lösen? Früher hat uns das Denken in weltanschaulichen Bahnen geholfen. Aber die Zeit ist darüber hinweggegangen und heute gibt keine klaren'linken'oder'rechten'Lösungen mehr. Wir brauchen deshalb dringend neue Wege, um als Demokratie zu überleben. Das Besondere an diesem Buch: Es enthält in jedem Kapitel auch eine Audioversion des Textes.

The dominant policy response to economic crises over the past four decades has been the introduction of austerity--a mix of budget cuts and reforms to downsize the role of the state. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has been the world's lender of last resort and leading advocate of austerity, and has been consistently chastised by policymakers and civil society for the consequences of its economic policy reforms on social protection. Critics of the IMF have identified so-called structural adjustment programs as a key cause of global increases in poverty, widespread disease, and unemployment. In the face of such criticisms, the IMF has advanced a narrative of wholesale reform to its practices. In A Thousand Cuts, Alexandros Kentikelenis and Thomas Stubbs provide a systematic and comprehensive analysis of IMF policies around the world. Based on novel data from the IMF archives, Kentikelenis and Stubbs have generated a replicable database of all IMF-mandated reforms from 1980-2019 to examine their effects on social policies and outcomes. They reveal that although the precise content of IMF-mandated austerity has changed considerably over time, the organization continues to place a high burden of reform on countries in crisis. These reforms then decrease the availability of important social services and contribute to rises in income inequality and decline in population health. Kentikelenis and Stubbs argue that in spite of reform rhetoric, the IMF's practices--and the outcomes they produce--have changed very little over the past three decades. As one of the first systematic assessments of the impact of austerity on people's lives around the world, A Thousand Cuts makes an important contribution to the continuing debate regarding the consequences of the IMF and how it might better support social protection.

This book focuses on the evaluation, coordination, and effects of China's natural resource utilization. By adopting both quantitative and qualitative analyses, this book objectively evaluates the spatial distribution characteristics and coupling relationship of China's natural resource utilization based on the status quo and prominent problems during resource utilization. Moreover, the environmental, economic, and price fluctuation effects of China's natural resource utilization are discussed. Finally, current policy systems for efficient utilization of natural resources in China and abroad are provided, which suggest a way for China to achieve efficient utilization of natural resources through an appropriate policy mechanism. This book aims to seek the balance the utilization of natural resources and sustainable development in China. It puts forward a new paradigm of natural resource utilization by incorporating the efficiency evaluation, coordination measures, and effect mechanisms of different kinds of natural resources. The evaluation system and related research methods for the efficient utilization of natural resources are very mature, laying a foundation for the development of this book's content. As the conservation of natural resources is widely accepted, this book helps readers understand how to achieve efficient natural resource utilization in China. Meanwhile, the study of resource utilization in China can provide insights for other countries.

This book shows how telecom, broadcast, and Internet researchers as well as experts from Japan's leading mobile operators interpret, analyze, and evaluate the emerging phenomenon of the Japanese broadband ecosystem. The broadband ecosystem, as it rapidly changes against the backdrop of swift technological progress, is forcing major changes in the existing socioeconomic framework and generating many policy issues that require discussion.The book aims to provide a theoretical and practical framework for policymakers to address these issues from a broader perspective than has been available in the past. The topics addressed in this book cover sharing of 5G infrastructure, online platform regulation, diffusion of autonomous driving, content industry, trends and use cases of 5G, capacity development for AI, ride-hailing service, smartphone games, the right to be forgotten, and the economic value of personal information.Although this book cannot provide definitive answers toall these recently emerging and rapidly changing issues, it does provide important guidance for evidence-based discussion involving policymakers and researchers working on these issues. It is also recommended for graduate students who want to enter this challenging field of policy discussion.

Garantir à tout citoyen un revenu minimum sans aucune condition. Telle est l'idée du revenu de base universel : un même montant quelle que soit la composition du ménage, que l'on soit riche ou pauvre et sans la moindre exigence d'effort en contrepartie. Bonne idée? La proposition fait des adeptes de plus en plus nombreux, à gauche comme à droite. Ce petit ouvrage pédagogique poursuit un double objectif. Il familiarise d'abord le lecteur avec le concept de revenu de base universel, au sujet duquel les malentendus restent nombreux. Il expose clairement de quoi il s'agit, en quoi le revenu de base se distingue des dispositifs de sécurité sociale en place et quels sont les principaux arguments en sa faveur.Le livre s'engage ensuite dans le débat sur le bien-fondé de l'idée et y prend position. Concrète, la discussion est située surtout sur le plan des implications pratiques du revenu de base universel. Tout en soutenant que la proposition n'a rien d'absurde, l'auteur expose les raisons de son scepticisme persistant et formule des contre-propositions, alimentées par sa connaissance fine du droit de la sécurité sociale et de ses tourments.Le livre s'ouvre par une préface d'Olivier De Schutter, rapporteur spécial des Nations Unies sur les droits de l'homme et l'extrême pauvreté. Il se clôt par un échange entre Daniel Zamora Vargas (sociologue), opposant résolu au revenu de base, et Philippe Defeyt (économiste), promoteur de longue date de l'idée.À PROPOS DE L'AUTEURJuriste et philosophe de formation, Daniel Dumont est professeur de droit de la sécurité sociale à l'Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB) et chercheur au sein du Centre de droit public et social de cette université.

Rethinking fiscal and monetary policy in an economic environment of high debt and low interest rates.Policy makers in advanced economies find themselves in an unusual fiscal environment: debt ratios are historically high, and—once the fight against inflation is won—real interest rates will likely be very low again. This combination calls for a rethinking of the role of fiscal and monetary policy—and this is just what Olivier Blanchard proposes in Fiscal Policy under Low Interest Rates.There is a wide set of opinions about the direction that fiscal policy should take. Some, pointing to the high debt levels, make debt reduction an absolute priority. Others, pointing to the low interest rates, are less worried; they suggest that there is still fiscal space, and, if justified, further increases in debt should not be ruled out. Blanchard argues that low interest rates decrease not only the fiscal costs of debt but also the welfare costs of debt. At the same time, he shows how low rates decrease the room to maneuver in monetary policy—and thus increase the benefits of using fiscal policy, including deficits and debt, for macroeconomic stabilization. In short, low rates imply lower costs and higher benefits of debt.Having sketched what optimal policy looks like, Blanchard considers three examples of fiscal policy in action: fiscal consolidation in the wake of the Global Financial Crisis, the large increase in debt in Japan, and the current US fiscal and monetary policy mix. His conclusions hold practical implications for economic and fiscal policy makers, bankers, and politicians around the world.

This book gathers invited top experts on Public-Private partnership (PPP) in China, from both theoretical and practical fields, to present the most comprehensive analyses of PPP's practice in China up to 2017. This timely book offers researchers and practitioners a thorough understanding of the PPP's development in China, including its definition, its modes, its features as well as its many kinds of applications into different industries including medical care, environmental protection, education, public works, park development, etc. It addresses diverse themes in PPP analyses such as quantitative analyses and qualitative analyses; data statistics and case study, theoretical framework modeling and field study verification. The book is an overview of the Chinese PPP development through 2017.

The idea that healthcare and education should be provided as universal public services to all who need them is widely accepted. But why leave it there? Why not expand it to more of life's essentials? In their bold new book, Anna Coote and Andrew Percy argue that this transformational new policy – Universal Basic Services – is exactly what we need to save our societies and our planet. The old argument that free markets and individual choice are the best way to solve pressing problems of poverty, inequality and environmental degradation has led us to catastrophe, and must be abandoned. The authors show that expanding the principle of collective universal service provision to everyday essentials like transport, childcare and housing is not only the best way of tackling many of the biggest problems facing the contemporary world: it's also efficient, practical and affordable.Anyone who cares about fighting for a fairer, greener and more democratic world should read this book.

In diesem essential ergründet der Autor, was man sich von der Sozialen Marktwirtschaft verspricht, warum die Soziale Marktwirtschaft nicht „sozial“ ist und Lohnsteigerungen nicht helfen, sie sozialer zu machen. Dabei treibt ihn vor allem der Wunsch nach mehr Solidarität. Seine Thesen sind klar und deutlich als Aufruf zu verstehen: Die aktuelle Lohnpolitik führt zur Minderung der Kaufkraft und der Nachfragekraft des Lohns. Das Aufbauen von Vermögen durch Arbeiter scheint nahezu unmöglich. Und die soziale Verantwortung wird nur noch den Tafeln, der Agenda 2010 und dem Mindestlohn überlassen. Um die Gerechtigkeitslücke zu schließen, braucht es ein radikales Umdenken, das Arbeitenden Anteile an Unternehmensgewinnen ermöglicht. Ein Neuentwurf der Erbschaftssteuer für Betriebsvermögen könnte dabei helfen.

The welfare state is still very much central in people's everyday lives. The welfare state is at the same time contested and debated, and has often been argued to be in a crisis not only in the wake of the financial crisis. Welfare and welfare states used to be a national issue and prerogative. Today welfare and welfare states are influenced by national as well as regional and global decisions. However, nation states play a decisive role influenced by national preferences and ideas, and, in recent years, populism and welfare chauvinism.This book provides an overview of the central concepts through the lenses of the state, market and civil society. It also provides the reader with knowledge on distribution in societies and how this interacts and influences different groups and their position in society. There are also chapters dealing specifically with central sectors in the welfare states such as health, long-term care and education. The book uses a comparative approach as this better enables one to understand one's own country's welfare, as well as helping to underline and see the linkages to the impact of global and regional issues on welfare states and their development. Finally, the book presents challenges and future perspectives for welfare states and their development.The book's focus on core concepts and the variety of international welfare state regimes and mechanisms for delivering social policy provides a much-needed introduction to the rapidly changing concept of welfare for students on social policy, social studies, sociology and politics courses.

This book introduces the “Belt and Road” in its entirety, including what it is, what it aims to do, what it can do and how. This book can serve as a helpful resource for the general public, it can improve their understanding about the “Belt and Road” and its relative economics, policy, culture and so on. Also, this book is good reading for academics, as well as students of public management, politics, finance and economics. The “Belt and Road” advances a whole complementary set of new ideas on international cooperation. Conforming to the principles of peace and cooperation, openness and inclusiveness, mutual learning and mutual benefit, it stipulates policy coordination, facilitates connectivity, unimpeded trade, financial integration and people-to-people bonds as the five major contents, and promotes practical cooperation in all fields. It also works to build an open and win-win regional community featuring mutual political trust, economic integration and cultural inclusiveness.

The distinctive contribution of this book is the formulation of an integrated social, environmental, and economic framework for public policy. This contribution is realised through investigations and conclusions in the following four domains: a formal stylised model that provides a platform for an integrated approach to public policy; a policy-informing simulation model that can be used to operationalise the public policy insights proposed in the stylised model; the implications of introducing fundamental (or radical) uncertainty and complexity into the policy framework; and the use of viability theory to demonstrate how one can think of and implement public policy in an uncertain and complex world, when the focus of policy needs to shift to building resilience to systemic risks.The book's stylised model is constructed by weaving together threads from the wellbeing, human needs, complex systems, sustainable development, endogenous economic growth, directed technical change, and credit-based-money literatures. Throughout, the perspective is that of a policy adviser to a'wellbeing state', as distinct from a'welfare state'. The key linkages or relationships in the model are supported by empirical evidence that draws on the wider literature in related fields.

This open access book utilizes new data to thoroughly analyze the main factors currently shaping the African housing market. Some of these factors include the supply and demand for housing finance, land tenure security issues, construction cost conundrum, infrastructure provision, and low-cost housing alternatives. Through detailed analysis, the authors investigate the political economy surrounding the continent's housing market and the constraints that behind-the-scenes policy makers need to address in their attempts to provide affordable housing for the majority in need. With Africa's urban population growing rapidly, this study highlights how broad demographic shifts and rapid urbanization are placing enormous pressure on the limited infrastructure in many cities and stretching the economic and social fabric of municipalities to their breaking point. But beyond providing a snapshot of the present conditions of the African housing market, the book offers recommendations and actionable measures for policy makers and other stakeholders on how best to provide affordable housing and alleviate Africa's housing deficit. This work will be of particular interest to practitioners, non-governmental organizations, private sector actors, students and researchers of economic policy, international development, and urban development.

Das Buch fasst im ersten Teil das ökonomische System von Friedrich List in lebendiger, allgemein verständlicher, aktueller und anschaulicher Weise zusammen und belegt seine Bedeutung als Vordenker der Sozialen Marktwirtschaft umfassend. Im weiteren Verlauf werden dann die Schwierigkeiten und Hindernisse thematisiert, die Friedrich List bei der Umsetzung seiner visionären Ideen vor allem durch das Metternich`sche Spitzelsystem in den Weg gelegt wurden und anhand von zahlreichen neu entdeckten Quellen eindrucksvoll dargestellt. Das vorliegende Werk ergänzt Eugen Wendlers bereits erschienene Tetralogie'Friedrich List (1789-1846) - ein Ökonom mit Weitblick und sozialer Verantwortung (Biografie),'Friedrich List im Zeitalter der Globalisierung'(Ergänzungsband),'Politik der Zukunft'(Ergänzungsband) und „Friedrich List: Politisches Mosaik“ (Ergänzungsband) hervorragend und ist nicht nur äußerst aktuell, sondern auch spannend wie ein Kriminalroman.

Joseph Stiglitz is one of the world's greatest economists. He has made fundamental contributions to economic theory in areas such as inequality, the implications of imperfect and asymmetric information, and competition, and he has been a major figure in policy making, a leading public intellectual, and a remarkably influential teacher and mentor. This collection of essays influenced by Stiglitz's work celebrates his career as a scholar and teacher and his aspiration to put economic knowledge in the service of creating a fairer world.Toward a Just Society brings together a range of essays whose breadth reflects how Stiglitz has shaped modern economics. The contributions to this volume, all penned by high-profile authors who have been guided by or collaborated with Stiglitz over the last five decades, span microeconomics, macroeconomics, inequality, development, law and economics, and public policy. Touching on many of the central debates and discoveries of the field and providing insights on the directions that academic economics could take in the future, Toward a Just Society is an extraordinary celebration of the many paths Stiglitz has opened for economics, politics, and public life.

The neo-Weberian state constitutes an attempt to combine the Weberian model of administration with the principles laid down during the retreat from the bureaucratic management paradigm (new public management and public governance). The concept of neo-Weberian state involves changing the model of operation of administrative structures from an inward-oriented one, focused on compliance with internal rules, into a model focused on meeting citizens'needs (not by resorting to commercialisation, as is the case with new public management, but by building appropriate quality of administration).This book discusses the context of the neo-Weberian approach and its impact on the processes of societal transformation. Further, it identifies and systematises the theoretical and functional elements of the approach under consideration. This volume includes comparative analyses of the neo-Weberian state and public management paradigms. In the empirical part of the work, its authors review selected policies (economic, innovation, industrial, labour, territorial, urban management, and health) from the perspective of tools typical of the neo-Weberian approach. This part also includes a critical scrutiny of changes which have taken place in the framework of selected policies in recent decades. The study assesses the appropriateness of the neo-Weberian approach to the management of public affairs regarding countries which have modernised their public administrations in its spirit. One of the aims of this analysis is to answer the question whether the application of neo-Weberian ideas may result in qualitative changes in the context of public policies. The final part of the book covers implications for public management resulting from the concept of neo-Weberian state.Public Policy and the Neo-Weberian State is suitable for researchers and students who study political economy, public policy and modern political theory.

This collection explores how pioneering gender equality policies have shaped women's economic presence in Europe since 2000. Equal pay policies, parental leave reforms, corporate quotas and electoral quotas have raised pressing questions about the effectiveness in promoting equal participation, as researchers quote both quantitative improvement in gender diversity and qualitative lag in cultural change. The chapters in this book present interlocking cross-national and cross-policy comparisons of the three most controversial reforms: equal pay, parental leave, and quotas for political representatives. The contributors address the cultural context in which reforms arose, internally contradictory policies, and the relative effectiveness of fast-track quotas and incentives compared to long-term efforts to change the overall culture of gender. This critical examination of the new millennium's groundbreaking gender policies will appeal to academics and practitioners interested in the progress of gender equality in the economic, political, and social welfare fields.

This two-volume book addresses the economic transformation occurring in China at present. The author investigates China's domestic and international policies, the impact of these policies on economic growth, and their effect on the quality of life for the people of China. In the first volume, the author distinguishes between economic growth and sustainable economic development, and discusses China's current and past economic policies towards growth. Chapters also explore the structural transformation of China's economy and its increasingly consumer-oriented nature. The second volume looks more specifically at the result of domestic policies on the quality of life for people living in China. The author examines the distribution of income, the alleviation of poverty, the Chinese education system, and the environmental cost of economic growth. These volumes will be of particular interest to researchers and scholars concerned with China's emerging economic power.

This two-volume book addresses the economic transformation occurring in China at present. The author investigates China's domestic and international policies, the impact of these policies on economic growth, and their effect on the quality of life for the people of China. In the first volume, the author distinguishes between economic growth and sustainable economic development, and discusses China's current and past economic policies towards growth. Chapters also explore the structural transformation of China's economy and its increasingly consumer-oriented nature. The second volume looks more specifically at the result of domestic policies on the quality of life for people living in China. The author examines the distribution of income, the alleviation of poverty, the Chinese education system, and the environmental cost of economic growth. These volumes will be of particular interest to researchers and scholars concerned with China's emerging economic power.

We all know the bad news. Our economies are stagnant. Wages are flat and income inequality keeps rising. The Middle East is burning and extremism is spreading. Frightened voters are embracing populist outsiders and angry nationalists. And no wonder: we are living in an age of unprecedented, irreversible decline—or so we're constantly being told. Jonathan Tepperman's The Fix presents a very different picture. It identifies ten pervasive and seemingly impossible challenges—including immigration reform, economic stagnation, political gridlock, corruption, and Islamist extremism—and shows that, contrary to the general consensus, each has a solution, and not merely a hypothetical one. By taking a close look at overlooked success stories—from countries as diverse as Canada, Botswana, and Indonesia—Tepperman discovers practical advice for problem-solvers of all stripes, making a data-driven case for optimism in a time of crushing pessimism.

What are the methodologies for assessing and improving governmental policy in light of well-being? The Oxford Handbook of Well-Being and Public Policy provides a comprehensive, interdisciplinary treatment of this topic. The contributors draw from welfare economics, moral philosophy, and psychology and are leading scholars in these fields. The Handbook includes thirty chapters divided into four Parts. Part I covers the full range of methodologies for evaluating governmental policy and assessing societal condition-including both the leading approaches in current use by policymakers and academics (such as GDP, cost-benefit analysis, cost-effectiveness analysis, inequality and poverty metrics, and the concept of the'social welfare function'), and emerging techniques. Part II focuses on the nature of well-being. What, most fundamentally, determines whether an individual life is better or worse for the person living it? Her happiness? Her preference-satisfaction? Her attainment of various'objective goods'? Part III addresses the measurement of well-being and the thorny topic of interpersonal comparisons. How can we construct a meaningful scale of individual welfare, which allows for comparisons of well-being levels and differences, both within one individual's life, and across lives? Finally, Part IV reviews the major challenges to designing governmental policy around individual well-being.

This volume is a collection of selected studies on poverty and well-being in East Africa. Using a multidimensional approach, the authors hope to provide a broad view of poverty and a thorough account of the variables that contribute to it. As opposed to traditional studies of poverty, which focus mainly on material well-being, this volume includes criteria such as material standard of living, health, education, housing, personal security, access to information, freedom, participation in organization, corruption, trust, and employment. The studies highlighted in this volume are grouped into the following four research areas: child poverty and malnutrition, dynamics and determinants of poverty, multidimensional measures of poverty, and energy-environment-poverty relationships. Together, these studies provide a comprehensive picture of the state of multidimensional poverty, its measurement, causal factors, and policies and practices in Burundi, Cameron, Ethiopia, Kenya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mozambique, Nigeria, Rwanda and Tanzania. The methodology utilized in the studies is diverse as well, ranging from econometric analysis to decision theory, to neoclassical growth models. This book is geared towards students and researchers interested in economic development, welfare, and poverty in Africa as well as policy makers and members of NGOs and international aid agencies.

This book shows the necessity of measuring the incidence-basis indirect economic effects of public investments. The essential argument can be traced back to H. Mohring versus J. Tinbergen, the conclusions of one contradicting those of the other. Their arguments are called, respectively, “transfer” and “existing theory” of the indirect economic effect of public investments such as highways. The author has first defined the categories of “generation-basis” and “incidence-basis” economic effects in addition to the categories of direct and indirect economic effects, and has shown that it is essential to measure the incidence-basis indirect economic effects for decision making about public investments. The second major point is that, in this sense, the measurement must rely on the general and dynamic spatial modeling simulation approach. The third essential point is that Tinbergen is correct as far as we have to cope with a real setting in which the Marshallian type of external economies exists.Another characteristic is that the monetary (pecuniary) external economies are dealt with systematically, for the superiority of public investment criteria depends greatly on whether they are taken hold of or not. This book lays emphasis on the process toward the equilibrium, not the equilibrium itself.

How do you gauge the accomplishments of policy and its failures? While a number of nations are successful in optimizing a socio-economic welfare function, others are woefully falling short of the optimal frontier. Diagnostics for a Globalized World proposes a reformulation of the inherited theory of economic and social policy (codified in the 1950s by Jan Tinbergen) to find a diagnostic tool in measuring the effectiveness of economic and social policy. Using a logarithmic adaptation of data envelopment analysis, the authors explain how to rank the attainment of nations of multidimensional goals such as those expressed by the UN Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and upcoming Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

Die Globalisierung zwingt zum Nachdenken darüber, welche der über lange Jahre fest gefügten Institutionen in unserer Gesellschaft Veränderungen unterworfen werden müssen. Die Soziale Marktwirtschaft mit ihren sozialen Netzen und ihrer Vielzahl von Arrangements, die möglichst viele Einkommen nach unten absichern sollen, kommt durch den zunehmenden internationalen Wettbewerb unter Druck. Mehr Flexibilität statt Rigidität, mehr Risikobereitschaft statt Risikoscheu und mehr unternehmerische Initiative statt bürokratischem Geist ist gefordert. Abstriche bei den Systemen der sozialen Sicherung sind unausweichlich, weil ihre Finanzierung längst die öffentlichen Haushalte überfordert. Die Autoren beschäftigen sich im vorliegenden Band mit dem Thema der Globalisierung unter mehreren Aspekten. Zum einen wird untersucht, mit welchen institutionellen Änderungen als Folge der Globalisierung allgemein zu rechnen ist und wie durch die Globalisierung der Prozeß des sozialen Wandels vorangetrieben wird. Zum anderen enthält der Band aber auch sehr spezifische Analysen. Im einzelnen stehen vor allem die Institutionen in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland auf dem Prüfstand. Besondere Aufmerksamkeit gilt hier den Veränderungen auf den Arbeitsmärkten. Ein weiterer Schwerpunkt ist die künftige Gestaltung der Altersversorgung durch einen Mix aus privater Vorsorge und staatlicher Rentenversicherung. Der Blick richtet sich aber auch über die Grenzen Deutschlands hinaus. So werden beispielsweise die Wirkungen der neuen Wohlfahrtsgesetzgebung in den USA analysiert. Der Perspektive Osteuropas auf ihrem Weg in die Europäische Union ist ein eigenständiger Beitrag gewidmet. Den einzelnen Untersuchungen zum Thema Globalisierung ist ein Aufsatz über die Entstehung des Staatswissenschaftlichen Seminars zu Halle vorangestellt, dessen 125jähriges Jubiläum Anlaß für eine kleine Tagung war. Auf ihr wurden die in dem vorliegenden Band zusammengefaßten Untersuchungen vorgetragen.

This book is a collection of original essays grouped into four parts under the headings “Greece and European integration,” “Issues in the Methodology of Economics,” “Institutions and the Free Market Economy,” and “Insights for Today from Ancient Greece.” The essays appeal to both researchers in the corresponding fields of knowledge and also to policy makers who are looking for ideas and approaches to confront present day challenges. In particular, given the present state of turmoil in the European Union, the international economy, and democracies in general, most of the essays offer new insights for economic and social policies.

Ageing populations are a major consideration for socio-economic development in the early twenty-first century. This demographic change is mainly seen as a threat rather than as an opportunity to improve the quality of human life, especially in Europe, where ageing has resulted in a reduction in economic competitiveness. Economic Foundations for Creative Ageing Policy mixes the silver economy, the creative economy, and the social economy to construct positive solutions for an ageing population. Klimczuk covers theoretical analyses and case study descriptions of good practices to suggest strategies that could be internationally popularized.

This book explores and analyzes governance and policy issues in South, Southeast, and East Asia. It maps governance challenges and analyzes current trends from the perspectives of democracy, public policy, and public institutions. Regional public administration and governance systems have undergone some phenomenal changes over the last three decades and have played a key role in the economic progress of the area, especially in the Southeast and East Asian nations. Rich with country-specific evidence and analyses, the chapters in the book apply empirical and other research methods to examine shifting paradigms and best practices. This book develops an understanding of changes in the forms, process and practices of governance, both within the context of each nation and in a comparative perspective. The book will appeal to scholars, academics, students, and practitioners of public administration, political science, and policy issues.

This book contains a unique collection of studies on key economic and social policy challenges faced by countries of the Southern and Eastern Mediterranean region in a short- and long-term perspective. Prepared within the EU funded FP7 project on „Prospective Analysis for the Mediterranean Region (MEDPRO)” conducted in 2010-2013 it takes account on recent political developments in the region (Arab Spring) and their potential consequences. It covers a broad spectrum of topics such as factors of economic growth, macroeconomic and fiscal stability, trade and investment, Euro-Mediterranean and intra-regional economic integration, private sector development and privatizations, infrastructure, tourism, agriculture, financial sector development, poverty and inequality, education, labor market and gender issues.

Seit über 60 Jahren gilt die Soziale Marktwirtschaft in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland als Richtschnur der Wirtschaftspolitik. Alexander Lorch prüft, inwiefern dieses Konzept und die ihm zugrunde liegende Gesellschaftstheorie des Ordoliberalismus heute noch zeitgemäß sind. Er zeigt anhand aktueller philosophischer und wirtschaftsethischer Debatten Wege und Perspektiven auf, eine moderne Soziale Marktwirtschaft zu entwickeln. Die umfassende Freiheit der Bürger, ein selbstbestimmtes Leben zu führen, gilt dabei als zentrale Forderung für eine freiheitliche und sozial gerechte Gesellschafts- und Wirtschaftspolitik.

Russia 2025 offers a compelling insight into Russia's future by exploring thematic scenarios ranging from politics to demographics. The widening rift between a modernizing, post-Communist society and a paternalistic government will ultimately shape developments in the coming years and will impact on state-society and Center-periphery relations.

John T. Addison and Paul J. J. Welfens Because inflation seems moribund in OECD countries, stubborn unemployment became the top policy priority of the 1990s. Unemployment has increased in many countries, reaching critical levels for unskilled and young workers in most continental EU countries. Europe's employment performance has continued to lag that in North America. The U. S. in particular achieved a remarkable combination of low inflation and full employment in the late 1990s, at a time when the EU suf­ fered from record unemployment rates, even if inflation was remarkably low. Since the 1980s, the consensus view among economists is that structural unem­ ployment plays a much more important role than cyc1ical unemployment in Europe, but that labour costs (wage costs plus nonwage costs) are also part of Europe's labour market problem. Most EU countries rely on a pay-as-you-go pub­ lic pension system. Contribution rates gradually increased in the 1980s and 1990s, when the share of young workers in overall employment was dec1ining and life expectancy increasing. Rising nonwage costs from the pension system are but one important feature of labour markets in Europe. Given the remarkable dynamics of labour markets, new entry into the labour force, labour turnover, and changes in employment characteristics, one has to also search for other factors behind sus­ tained unemployment. High unemployment is critical for EU countries, where one can point to rela­ tively few positive developments after 1975. The U. K.

Eine'ökonomische Theorie der Sozialpolitik'wurde bereits 1961 durch das gleichnamige Lehrbuch von Elisabeth Liefmann-Keil angemahnt und in den Grundlagen dargestellt. Bis heute wurden diese Ansätze einer wissenschaftlichen Fundierung der Sozialpolitik weiterentwickelt und ausgebaut. Der Sammelband liefert durch die Beiträge namhafter Autoren einen umfassenden Überblick über den Stand dieses Forschungsgebietes. Das Buch sollte eine Pflichtlektüre für jeden sein, der sich als Wissenschaftler mit sozialen Fragen der Wirtschaft und wirtschaftlichen Implikationen des'Sozialen'beschäftigt.

The book “The Greek Economy and the Crisis. Challenges and Responses” targets all those who think about the present and future of this (culturally) long-lived small geographic region (Greece), to form a personal view of its social and economic problems. A society that repeats the same types of behaviour over the centuries does not do so due to random mistakes. It contains intrinsic forces that affect it. These should be understood, to allow us to delineate future developments. However, the manner in which the social and economic process is perceived must be comprehensive and multidisciplinary: Economics, politics, social psychology and organizational psychology are essential to this analysis. Thus, the book is useful to those seeking information for their professional, scientific and personal development, allowing them to shape their social attitude. It is also useful to those responsible for taking decisions at national, European or enterprise level, in relation to the social and economic problems of Greece.

The book discusses the demographic changes in Muslim countries. It thereby focuses on topics such as the demographic dividend and the demographic transition, labour market challenges, health care, universal education and gender issues. These challenges are addressed at a country level and include policy implications for the large majority of the Muslim countries covered in this book. Moreover, political consequences for Europe with respect to the integration of Muslims are presented to the reader.

Basic income is a regularly debated topic in various scholarly disciplines (political philosophy, political theory, welfare economics, labour market economics and social policy) and in circles of policy makers, administrators and activists. Since the late 1970s, unemployment is the primary problem for social-economic policy in all welfare states. In Basic Income, Unemployment and Compensatory Justice it is argued that implementing a substantial basic income is the best policy response to deal with unemployment-induced problems such as job insecurity, social exclusion, poverty and lack of compensatory justice on the labour market and to improve labour market flexibility, boost low wage employment and part-time work. Basic Income, Unemployment and Compensatory Justice, with an introductory chapter by Philippe van Parijs, discusses the attractiveness of a substantial basic income to deal with the problem of unemployment, in combination with an ethical perspective of social justice. Loek Groot is a senior lecturer at the Utrecht School of Economics.

This book is the culmination of roughly seven years of joint research be­ tween us. We have both been interested in income inequality measurement for a considerably longer period of time. One author (Ryu) has a back­ ground in physics. While he was working on his Ph. D. in Physics at M. I. T. he became acquainted with Robert Solow. Professor Solow introduced Ryu to economics. After finishing his Ph. D. in physics, Ryu went on to the Uni­ versity of Chicago where Arnold Zellner guided him to a dissertation on using orthonormal basis and maximum entropy as estimation methods in econometric applications. The precise definition and examples of orthonormal basis (ONB) and maximum entropy (ME) methods will be given in the book. As it turns out, a natural application of these methods is the study of income distribution. Professor Zellner suggested that Ryu look at some of my joint work with Robert Basmann on functional forms of Lorenz curves as one starting place to do his own research. Ryu requested some of our data and asked for several of our papers with the express pur­ pose of introducing functional forms of Lorenz curves that Ryu felt would do a better job of approximating the empirical Lorenz curve. Thus, our first introduction was essentially one of Ryu trying to invent a better mousetrap. The interested reader can review the results given in Basmann et al. (1990) and Chapter Four of this book to see if Ryu succeeded.

One of the principal goals of antipoverty efforts should be to improve the absolute living standards of the least well-off. This book aims to enhance our understanding of how to do that, drawing on the experiences of twenty affluent countries since the 1970s. The book addresses a set of questions at the heart of political economy and public policy: How much does economic growth help the poor? When and why does growth fail to trickle down? How can social policy help? Can a country have a sizeable low-wage sector yet few poor households? Are universal programs better than targeted ones? What role can public services play in antipoverty efforts? What is the best tax mix? Is more social spending better for the poor? If we commit to improvement in the absolute living standards of the least well-off, must we sacrifice other desirable outcomes?

By providing a unique combination of theories on the state, on territoriality and on governance, The Disoriented State explores the relationship between state governmentality and specific forms of policy making. The Disoriented State begins with a theorisation of these new modes of territoriality, governmentality and governance by three prominent scholars in the field: Neil Brenner, Phil Cerny and Bob Jessop. This is followed by a series of in-depth case studies which manifest the variety as well the various forms of co-constitution between state governmentality, new modes of governance and policy-making, focusing on migration, spatial economic policy, city-marketing, urban development, water management and environmental policy.

material boundaries capture cultural effects? The articles contained in this volume offer initial answers to most of these questions. The culture and well-being questions are of fundamental importance to understanding in the entire eld and to scienti c knowledge in the behavioral s- ences as a whole. Unless we understand what is universal and what is speci c, we cannot hope to understand the processes governing well-being. Unfortunately, our scienti c knowledge in most behavioral science elds, including the study of we- being, has been built on a narrow database drawn from westernized, industrialized nations. This means that we have only a little knowledge of whether our ndings are generalizable to all peoples of the globe and to universal human psychol- ical processes. Fortunately, during the last decade my students and I, as well as others working in this area, have rapidly expanded our knowledge of well-being vis-a-vis ` culture. The rst attempt to summarize the ndings in this area came in 1999 with Culture and Subjective Well-Being, a book edited by Eunkook Suh and Diener. The current volume represents a renewed effort to give a broad overview of major ndings in this area and to point to the important directions for future research. Composition of This Volume I am very pleased with the articles presented in this volume because I believe that they represent true advances in our fundamental understanding of subjective we- being.

Chiefly covering Asian countries.

Wie kann eine Regierung ihre Bürger in die Vorbereitung politischer Entscheidungen einbeziehen? Wie kann ein Manager Akzeptanz für neue Arbeitszeitmodelle finden? Wie kann ein Ministerpräsident einen jahrzehntelangen Konflikt um den Ausbau eines Flughafens lösen? Wie können Bürgermeister den Wettbewerb um junge Familien gewinnen? Wie können die Entscheider in Deutschland unsere Zustimmung und unsere Mitarbeit – und damit unser Vertrauen – wieder verdienen? Wie können sie den gesellschaftlichen Wandel jenseits der formalen Verfahren gestalten? Die Autoren vermitteln Verantwortlichen anhand zahlreicher Beispiele die nötigen Einsichten und Fähigkeiten, um sich und ihre Organisationen in die Lösung zentraler politischer, unternehmerischer und gesellschaftlicher Herausforderungen unserer Zeit einzubringen.