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This book focuses on the increasing contest and limited cooperation between India and China in Southeast Asia, which is beyond their shared border. This sort of engagement shows how their bilateral tensions are also playing out in the extraterritorial region where the two countries are involved because of history, economics, and security reasons. Chapters in this book look at the various facets of their engagements in the Southeast Asia. It contains both thematic and bilateral issues. Some of the chapters such as on infrastructure, defence etc takes stock of India-China engagements in Southeast Asia, while others mainly deal with how the two Asian powers interact with the individual countries of the region. The readers will benefit from this comprehensive volume in following ways: (a) They will come to know how and why Southeast Asia is an important region for India and China; (b) They will get an idea of how India and China are trying to engage with the Southeast Asia as a regionand at the bilateral level; (c) The readers will understand the role of the Diasporas in linking their respective country of origin with the States they live in ; and ( d) the readers will get aware of how the Asian powers are contesting against each other in the Southeast Asia region for their benefits

The Digital Single Market (DSM) 2014-19 was the largest component of the European Union's Single Market programme, comprising numerous Directives, Regulations, and instruments aimed at facilitating cross-border digital services. With one-fifth of service exports stemming from the digital sector, the DSM was vital for the UK, with the EU representing its largest export market. Brexit and the Digital Single Market examines the important historical role of the UK in DSM development, the consequences of Brexit for the UK's digital sector, and future EU and UK policy trajectories. Assessing both vertical sectors and horizontal policies, this book demonstrates how the UK acted as a policy entrepreneur in pushing for a deregulatory framework by exploiting temporal events historically. The current challenges presented by Brexit are discussed in detail, closely observing topics such as the loss of the country of origin principle and freedom of movement, changes to copyright and VAT regimes, complications with cross-border data transfer, administrative procedures, and international taxes on digital products and services. Brexit and the Digital Single Market illuminates how the UK continues to innovate in the digital sector but is constrained by external factors both at EU and global levels. It also considers how EU policy is taking a new direction in its 2020 Digital Strategy programme, which leans towards greater protection of European champions and digital sovereignty, a tightening of its data protection regime, and greater regulatory intervention in digital markets. Timely and unprecedented, Brexit and the Digital Single Market is the first volume to comprehensively cover the implications of Brexit for the EU's DSM. This is an essential read for students and academics in political science and law and those from the civil service and government working within the digital sector.

This comprehensive survey of historical and contemporary issues related to maritime crime and piracy, with a special focus on Africa, South Asia, and Southeast Asia, explains why piracy is a growing problem and how it affects security policy making in the United States.Here, piracy is defined as taking place on the high seas, while maritime crime takes place within a country's territorial waters. Seaborne terrorism may occur in either one of these maritime zones. Maritime piracy can be divided into several categories, from pirates robbing a ship or its crew of petty items while at sea to taking a ship's cargo and taking control of a vessel, reflagging it, and then using this captured ship to smuggle drugs, transport illegal immigrants, or conduct further acts of piracy. This is the most dangerous, not only because pirates can use a captured ship to carry out more raids, but also because they can use the ship's identity papers to transport goods and weapons—potentially WMDs—into otherwise secure port areas. A special concern to the US is that the threat of piracy is growing most quickly in parts of the world—such as Africa, South Asia, and Southeast Asia—where both global trade is rapidly expanding and where international terrorist groups are actively functioning or have supporters. This geographical overlap suggests that the risk that pirates and terrorists may one day cooperate to strike at the US or an ally is most likely also on the rise. While many important African, South Asia, and Southeast Asian cases have received insufficient attention, many well-known historical piracy events stand in need of a reappraisal. This book integrates a number of multinational, multiregional, and historical cases of piracy, maritime crime, and seaborne terrorism to investigate whether piracy and other forms of maritime crime are becoming a major United States national security concern. It analyzes some of the most important cases, especially of the 19th, 20th, and early 21st centuries, as well as specific historical events. This allows to draw lessons as to what are the components of successful and unsuccessful piracy, common causes, the type of navy necessary to control it, and finally, possible military, political, and economic consequences. The book also discusses various types of cases, including parasitic, intrinsic, episodic, and opportunistic piracy. Specific cases are also evaluated in terms of the changing interpretations of international law and the recent reported growth rates of piracy, maritime crime, and seaborne terrorism. These findings are used to explore the impact of piracy on maritime security, in particular in Africa, South Asia, and Southeast Asia and their surrounding waters, which is where the majority of contemporary piracies and maritime crimes occur. Different methods of policing piracy and maritime crime are evaluated, including the viability of adopting greater Maritime Domain Awareness, which would require that all ships at sea—regardless of size or function—emit a signal beacon identifying their name, country of origin, and route. This combination of historical and modern day piracy and the many cases studied will provide readers with a broader understanding of maritime piracy.

This book examines the dynamic processes by which communities establish distinct notions of'home'and'belonging'. Focusing on the agency of diasporic groups, rather than (forced or voluntary) dispersion and a continued longing for the country of origin, it analyses how a diaspora presence impacts relations between'home'and host countries. Its central concern is the specific role that diasporas play in global cooperation, including cases without a successful outcome. Bridging the divide between diaspora studies and international relations, it will appeal to sociologists, scholars of migration, anthropologists and policy-makers.

Focusing on inward foreign direct investment (FDI) screening, this book provides an in-depth analysis of how European states'economic interactions with China have become a security issue. Based on 100 interviews with scholars, journalists, policy makers, and politicians from across Europe, the book underscores the importance of the policy making process that led to the adoption of investment screening in European nations. It adopts the theory of securitization to analyse the passage of the status of Chinese FDI from economy to security. In doing so, it shows how the shifting view of Europeans is attributed to changes such as China's growing economic presence, the persistence of non-market practices, the loss of competitiveness, and the use of economic statecraft.

The fate of globalization in the 21st century hangs in the balance. Although recent data show that most global integration has been on the rebound after the 2008-9 global financial meltdown and the COVID-19 pandemic, public sentiments about globalization have soured. The neoliberal glorification of globalization as beneficial market integration is running out of steam, while national-populist visions of “deglobalization” exert significant mass appeal. Today's ostensible globalization backlash scenario seems to be confirmed by soaring inflation rates, global supply chain disruptions, accelerating climate change and ecological deterioration, lagging transitions to greener forms of energy, escalating economic inequality, and rising geopolitical competition among the Great Powers, especially the United States-China rivalry and the protracted Russian-Ukrainian war. On the flipside, however, such grim scenarios reinforce the fact that most of today's problems are global in nature. This book provides an accessible assessment of 21st-century globalization that draws on global theory and history to engage pressing issues such as digitization, ideological polarization, higher education, demographics, human development, and the environment. Assembling such a big picture of globalization in this young century supports the practical efforts of setting the globe on a more equitable and sustainable path.

This innovative Routledge Handbook sheds light on the complex and transformative nature of Global China, prompting a re- evaluation of existing theories on global and regional dynamics. It encourages theoretical innovation, methodological reflection and analytical transformation, providing new avenues for critical engagement with China's global interactions. The chapters propose three key commitments for the study of Global China: Advocating for diverse viewpoints and non- binary frameworks, employing nuanced analysis to understand Beijing's transnational relations and utilizing alternative methodological approaches to explore different trajectories for China in international affairs.The Handbook also identifies and avoids epistemic traps that hinder the understanding of Global China, such as othering and strategic narcissism. It suggests five analytical frameworks related to relationality, global capitalist processes, language and discourse power, planetary- scale modernization and experimentalism to guide future research. By adopting these frameworks, researchers can gain a deeper understanding of the multifaceted factors shaping Global China within the broader global context of cooperation, competition and crisis.

This edited volume examines populist radical right parties in the Nordic region.Somewhat surprisingly given the image of a consensual, egalitarian, and progressive region of Europe, the Nordic countries have been fertile ground for the radical right. Not only have radical right parties persisted for many decades, but they are currently much stronger in this region than in most other European countries today. In this book, the contributors analyse the electoral, ideological, and organisational aspects of the radical right in the Nordic region: The Progress Party in Norway (Fremskrittspartiet, FrP), the Sweden Democrats (Sverigedemokraterna, SD), Danish People's Party (Dansk Folkeparti, DF), and the Finns party (Perussuomalaiset, PS). It also explores how mainstream parties and the media have reacted to the rise of the radical right, whether the radical right is integrated into mainstream politics, the extent to which they challenge the dominant ideological paradigm of Nordic politics and whether they mobilise and organise differently to other parties. Understanding the Nordic radical right is crucial to comprehending the transformation of Nordic politics but also changes in European politics more generally.This book will be of interest to students and scholars of Scandinavian politics, populism, the radical right, and comparative party politics.

The history of Europe is marked not only by violence and division but also by efforts to reduce the destructiveness of war. In this volume, the authors explore the meaning of ‘Europe'within war and peace discourses from the eighteenth to the twentieth centuries. They examine imagined wars, the post-1815 security order, the portrayal of Russian and Muslim'Others,'double standards in international law, pacifist rhetoric, and the role of ‘Europe'in war propaganda and resistance movements. The authors demonstrate how both war and peace practices have shaped the concept of ‘Europe'over time.

Global Politics: A New Introduction engages directly with questions that those coming to the study of world politics bring with them. From that innovative starting point, it explores key issues through a critical and inquiring perspective, presenting theoretical ideas and concepts in conjunction with a global range of historical and contemporary case studies.Revised and updated throughout, the fourth edition offers examples engaging with the latest developments in global politics: the climate crisis and anthropocentrism, Indigenous experiences and thinking, racism and the rise of xenophobia, artificial intelligence, citizen journalism, global health and pandemic response and drone warfare.Global Politics:• examines most significant issues in global politics – poverty, development, colonialism, human rights, gender, inequality, race, war, peacebuilding, security, violence, nationalism, authority and what we can do to change the world;• offers chapters written to a common structure ideal for teaching and learning and features a key question, an illustrative example, general responses and broader issues;• integrates theory and practice throughout the text, drawing on international relations, political theory, postcolonial studies, sociology, geography, peace studies and development.This exciting, up-to-date and ground-breaking textbook is essential reading for all those concerned about global politics.

This handbook provides a comprehensive review of research in conflict and peace communication and offers readers a range of insights into foundational, ongoing, and emerging discussions in this field.The volume brings together peace studies, conflict studies, and communication studies to acknowledge the power of communication—both cooperative, solidarizing, and integrative as well as destructive and divisive—in constituting social relations. It features a multiplicity of authors, including academics and practitioners from all corners of the globe and from across the communicative spectrum. The handbook is divided into four parts: (1) Meta-theoretical, theoretical, and methodological approaches in conflict and peace communication research; (2) Conflict communication; (3) Peace communication; and (4) Cross-cutting and emergent themes.This handbook is essential reading for scholars, research-driven practitioners, graduate-level students, and upper-level undergraduate students in conflict and peace communication within disciplines such as communication studies, political science, international relations, security studies, and human rights.

The book is a comparative study of the national security review of foreign investment laws in China and the US.The author establishes a theoretical framework to explain the dominant role of ideas on national security and foreign investment rooted in China and the US, as well as the oriented role of China-US investment interaction. She concludes that it is difficult for China and the US to reach a consensus on national security review due to their different internal ideas on national security and foreign investment. By comparing the similarities and differences in the development of national security review in China and the US, she also proposes a feasible approach to facilitate bilateral investment practices.The book will attract scholars of international economic law, investment law, and Sino-US relations.

This book analyses the French war on terror, covering the French contributions to the US-led ‘war on terror'and the wars in the Sahel Region since 2013.This book argues that ‘terrorism'and offensive counter-'terrorism'are not separate phenomena but, rather, need to be analyzed as two segments of one common violent relation. This leads the work to deconstruct the argument made by state officials that the French approaches to counter-'terrorism'have been more humane and more efficient than the Anglo-Saxons'. France has not avoided the mistakes previously committed by the US and Britain. The only originality of France's war on terror is in fact its anachronistic character. Indeed, France embraced this warlike approach to counter-'terrorism'in mid-2010, at a moment when the US and Britain had already recognized the shortcomings of this approach and started to abandon it.This book will be of much interest to students of critical terrorism studies, French politics, and International Relations.

This interdisciplinary book takes stock of Ukraine's thorny European integration path in the last two decades. Engaging many Ukrainian academics and practitioners, the book seeks to offer a first-hand insight into how Ukraine moves towards EU membership, while in war with Russia, and which ‘stumbling blocks'it encounters.

This open access book offers readers a better understanding of the legal situation of children and families migrating to the EU. Shedding light on the legal, practical, and political difficulties at the intersection of international family law and migration law, it demonstrates that enhanced coordination between these policy areas is crucial to improving the legal situation of families on the move. It not only raises awareness of these “interface” issues and the need for stakeholders in migration law and international family law to collaborate closely, but also identifies deficits in the statutory framework and suggests possible remedies in the form of interpretation and regulatory measures. The book is part of the EU co-financed FAMIMOVE project and includes contributions from international experts, who cover topics such as guardianship, early marriage, age assessment, and kafala from a truly European perspective. The authors'approach involves a rigorous analysis of the relevant statutory framework, case law, and academic literature, with particular attention given to the best interest of the child in all its facets. The book examines how this principle can be more effectively applied and suggests ways to foster a more fruitful understanding of its regulatory potential. Given its scope and focus, the book will be of interest to researchers, scholars, and practitioners of Private International Law, Family Law, and Migration Law. It makes a valuable contribution to these fields, particularly at their often-overlooked intersections.

In doctoral programs, graduate students are often encouraged to prioritize their research over teaching. This leads many early career scholars to identify primarily with the role of researcher. This edited collection introduces the term “early career instructor” (ECI) as a novel concept in understanding the experience of graduate students, postdoctoral fellows, early tenure-track, contingent faculty, and other scholars early in their teaching careers. Including a diverse array of authors, this volume brings together essays on ECI experiences in different institutional and national contexts as well as reflections on current practices for ECI support and mentorship. At a higher level, this volume is also a call-to-action to recognize the importance of teaching in the early career stage.

This edited compilation was written in the latter part of the Coronavirus pandemic of 2020, a watershed event in world history that illustrated wide-ranging systems and structural vulnerabilities worldwide. The book provides a framework for thinking about the environmental context of unconventional political conflict and intrinsic issues of continuity and change; it highlights significant potential terror threats, trajectories, and potential inflection points for consideration by policymakers, security experts, and counterterrorism practitioners. The book focuses on unfolding threats that will affect our security worldwide, including the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic, the continuously evolving condition of environmental degradation and global warming, the probability of increased “enhanced terrorism” use, future technologies like gene editing and “Crisper,” and more. The book frames empirical links between the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic, terrorism, and other international system factors within the context of our contemporary globalized world, to scope out basic uncertainties, and the subtleties and nuances of complexity that pose challenges and opportunities for policymakers. It discusses looming challenges to decisionmakers who must attempt to counter terror and crime and their expected convergence in the coming era. The use of novel foresight tools in the context of anticipatory defense, science communication methodologies, knowledge sharing, its dissemination, and management to overcome threat potential is presented. As one of the first books to delve into post-coronavirus consequences and to examine the linkages between these wide-ranging impacts, Issues of Terrorism in the Post-Coronavirus Era provides essential food for thought for decision-makers, policymakers, academics, global business leaders, students, and lay readers who are concerned about the future of humankind.

This book explores Cuba's fascinating political journey on the global stage, diving deeply into its complex political, economic, and ideological ties with major world powers and offering profound insights into the implications of these relationships. Through a comprehensive view of Cuba's changing geopolitical stance, the book reveals the nation's significant role in world politics. It examines Cuba's pursuit of self-determination and the challenges posed by increasing sanctions and evolving global dynamics in a multipolar world. While the United States remains a central figure, the book also highlights the diverse interests of other international players, such as China, Russia, the European Union, and Venezuela, in Cuba's political, economic, and ideological landscape, and vice versa. By situating Cuba within the broader context of global politics, this book not only provides valuable insights into the Caribbean nation but also offers crucial implications for the entire Latin American region and the Global South. It presents a multifaceted exploration of Cuba's international relations, featuring perspectives from scholars across various geographical and ideological backgrounds, including Cuba, Germany, Scotland, Spain, the US, and Venezuela. The book's uniqueness lies in its dedication to accommodating a wide range of political views, emphasizing the importance of plurality and the diverse political and ideological contexts from which these perspectives arise. Ideal for students of history, international relations, political science, and Latin American studies, as well as policymakers and those intrigued by the intricacies of global politics, this book offers a comprehensive and indispensable resource.

Cet Annuaire stratégique s'inscrit dans l'objectif de l'EUROMED-Fès d'accompagner le Maroc dans sa marche et ses ambitions vers le progrès. Sans prétendre être un bilan exhaustif de ses multiples et importantes réalisations, il se donne surtout à lire comme une somme de réflexions sur différents secteurs d'activités, dont il est nécessaire de décrypter les indicateurs de bon fonctionnement.Au sommaire : La diplomatie marocaine à l'épreuve du lien externe/interne ; Politiques sectorielles au Maroc ; Institutions, gouvernance, système politique et développement au Maroc en 2023

This Strategic Yearbook aligns with the core objective of the Euromed University of Fes to accompany Morocco in its journey and aspirations towards progress. Without claiming to be a comprehensive assessment of its numerous and significant achievements, it is primarily intended to be read as a collection of reflections on various sectors of activity. It is necessary to decipher the indicators of effective functioning, evaluate the results, and identify any shortcomings.Summary : Moroccan Diplomacy facing external/internal challenges ; Sectorial policies in Morocco ; Institutions, Governance, Political system, and Development in Morocco.

This book presents the result of an innovative challenge, to create a systematic literature overview driven by machine-generated content. Questions and related keywords were prepared for the machine to query, discover, collate and structure by Artificial Intelligence (AI) clustering. The AI-based approach seemed especially suitable to provide an innovative perspective as the topics are indeed both complex, interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary, for example, climate, planetary and evolution sciences. Springer Nature has published much on these topics in its journals over the years, so the challenge was for the machine to identify the most relevant content and present it in a structured way that the reader would find useful. The automatically generated literature summaries in this book are intended as a springboard to further discoverability. They are particularly useful to readers with limited time, looking to learn more about the subject quickly and especially if they are new to the topics. Springer Nature seeks to support anyone who needs a fast and effective start in their content discovery journey, from the undergraduate student exploring interdisciplinary content, to Master- or PhD-thesis developing research questions, to the practitioner seeking support materials, this book can serve as an inspiration, to name a few examples. It is important to us as a publisher to make the advances in technology easily accessible to our authors and find new ways of AI-based author services that allow human-machine interaction to generate readable, usable, collated, research content.

The book is a tour de force by a world renowned legal expert and senior diplomat. Its main feature is a well-balanced integration of diplomatic thinking and legal analysis, based on the 70-year diplomatic theory and practice in China. Rich in content and thought provoking, it systematically discusses the international law issues faced by China in the development of major country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics. The author creatively develops the concepts of Blue Diplomacy to refer to global ocean governance, Green Diplomacy to deal with climate change, Red Diplomacy to cope with anti-corruption, Digital Diplomacy for cyberspace governance, each with amplified amount of cases and materials. The author also deliberates the “one country, two systems” policy and the building of “community with shared future of mankind”. The book helps the readers to better understand the fundamental principles and policies of China's diplomacy. For students, it is a key that opensup the door to international law studies; for researchers, it is a rich mine of international legal issues; for diplomats, it is a valuable guidance to master the art and science of legal diplomacy.

This book examines the British colonial and American post-colonial oil policies toward the Persian Gulf from a postcolonial critical perspective, taking into account the coloniality and postcoloniality of power structures. It examines colonization, decolonization, and postcolonization of oil in the Persian Gulf through the parameters of political order, formulated policies, market structure, concession system, imperial/national interests, and great powers rivalry. In this work, the author uses qualitative, theory testing, and comparative case study method. There are several reasons that are encouraging for the selection of these two cases: first, British colonial and American post-colonial oil policies toward the Gulf region show similar patterns of domination and exploitation; second, both colonial and post-colonial great powers consider the control of the Gulf oil among their national security priorities; third, both use military interventions, install military bases and involve in coup d'etat in the region to maintain their established oil order; and fourth, both justifies their colonial/imperial oil order in the region with humanitarian objectives such as ‘civilizing mission'or ‘democratization.'In this research, the state-level of analysis is used to explore the oil policies of Anglo-American governments. The governance history of oil in the Persian Gulf can be broadly divided into three phases: (1) the colonial period 1901–1950; (2) the decolonization period 1950–1972; and (3) the post-colonial period, since the mid-1970s to the present. Chronologically, the oil policies of Anglo-American governments are examined in loose temporal and spatial contexts, and each period is introduced in independent chapters, but they are complementary to each other.

This book explores the multilateral control of agro-economic spaces in West African developing countries through international trade, spearheaded by the World Trade Organization's Agreement on Agriculture. Responding to growing food insecurity in the region, Ichimi here examines the web of intricacies in this arrangement by discussing some of the main international trade policies directly and indirectly impacting on food security in West Africa and critically engaging with empirical praxis as well as the theoretical underpinnings vis-a-vis multilateral strategies adopted for the amelioration of the crisis. In so doing, he expose how multilateral trading agreements under the auspices of the World Trade Organization produce negative outcomes for the food security status of a large and growing population in West Africa, privileging primary commodity production and export, maintaining the preference for food imports, and driving the pattern of agricultural investment towards an inexorable dependence of the sector on the dictates of the international market.

This volume offers a unique interdisciplinary and comparative perspective on contemporary processes of othering by state institutions in relation to dynamics of racism, xenophobia, sexism, homo-transphobia, as well as ethnic- and class-based discriminations. It focuses on eight original case studies empirically grounded in various domains of the ‘social state', in Southern African and Western European contexts: the education and health care systems, the regulation of work and of procreation rights, and institutions in charge of granting asylum. The authors provide key insights on how states produce Others, and on how othering contributes in turn to the process of state formation and the politicization of public action.

India shares a multi-dimensional relationship with the Federal Republic of Germany. Germany is India's largest trading partner within the European Union, and is also a major source and destination of foreign direct investment, a significant donor, and an important source of technology.Drawing on English and German language source material, this book covers the evolution and expansion of India's economic, political, defence, and scientific-technological ties with Germany from 1947 to the present day. It analyses mutual perceptions, highlights the elements of convergence and divergence, and discusses the challenges and prospects of this relationship in a world marked by geopolitical uncertainty.Print edition not for sale in South Asia (India, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bangladesh, Pakistan and Bhutan)

In the aftermath of 9/11 there has been much talk of a need to engage on a meaningful level with Islam, but where do we begin and what is the right approach? This book, available in paperback for the first time, looks at case studies from around the world in order to explore how Christian groups, sometimes as minorities and sometimes as the majority, engage with their Muslim neighbours in the search for a peaceful society. Some of the initiatives are politically motivated, others run by Church authorities and a number are community based, but all offer different approaches to a variety of situations that are encountered in Christian-Islamic dialogue. This is the first time that global strategies for dialogue have been published in one book by a series of leading academics. Whilst previous publications have concentrated on a particular geographical area, usually the Middle East or Europe, this book casts a wider net and considers issues such as the rise of radical Islam in post-Soviet states, Indonesian immigration in Australia and the spread of Islam amongst the Black South Africans after the fall of apartheid. Scholars and all those interested in politics, current affairs, religion or peace studies will find this book essential reading as a guidebook to the state of contemporary Christian-Islamic relations.

The book is about the role of religious leadership in settling disputes of a legal nature within religious communities and the effects of this process on immigrant integration in Canada and the USA. The community-based practice of law in Jewish (Orthodox, Conservative and Reform) & Muslim (Sunni) communities in Canada and the USA are the communities studied here. The role of religious leadership, the gender implications of this type of dispute resolution and the implications for immigrant integration are all explored among a number of other topics.

A deeply researched, fully updated edition of The National Security Constitution that explores the growing imbalance of institutional powers in American foreign affairs and national security policy Since the beginning of the American Republic, a package of norms has evolved in the U.S. Constitution to protect the operation of checks and balances in national security policy. This “National Security Constitution” promotes shared powers and balanced institutional participation in foreign policymaking. Today it is under attack from a competing claim of executive unilateralism generated by recurrent patterns of presidential activism, congressional passivity, and judicial tolerance. This dynamic has pushed presidents of both parties to press the limits of law in foreign affairs. In his award-winning National Security Constitution (1990), Harold Hongju Koh traced the evolution of this constitutional struggle across America's history. This new book, based on the earlier volume but with roughly 70 percent new material, brings the story to the present, placing recent events into constitutional perspective. Reviewing the presidencies of the twenty-first century, he explains why modern national security threats have given presidents of both parties incentives to monopolize foreign policy decision-making, Congress incentives to defer, and the courts reasons to rubber-stamp. Koh suggests both a workable strategy and crucial prescriptions to restore the balance of our constitutional order in addressing modern global crises.

This book offers a history of migration in the Mediterranean written about and from the perspective of women. It gives a complex picture of individual journeys of migrant women, and in a radical departure from the miserabilist or culturalist approach through which women are usually viewed, the book argues for a politically and socially aware, activist feminism that is attuned to what border-obsessed migration policies actually do to women.The research presented in this book is based on multi-sited fieldwork that led the author to closely follow migration survivors. The book depicts the journey of women as they experience brutal separations, have to make heart-wrenching decisions and end up wandering from one place to another, but also as they make acquaintances and find new opportunities. The first-person accounts collected here demonstrate that the reasons behind these women's decision to leave are anything but simple and linear: they combine various forms of persecution and oppression, a desire for autonomy and a yearning for new horizons, as well as changes in gender relations in their countries of origin.The book further explores the daily lives of women in reception centres, where they are in limbo, their journey as if “suspended,” as they wait for this Europe rejecting them to acknowledge their presence. These women live on and “in” the border – a border that relentlessly haunts them and pursues them everywhere they go. Boredom is constant and, likewise, racism and marginalisation processes are pervasive. At the same time, this study shows that these women are also resisting, strategising, taking charge of their own destinies and journeys, and looking for a way out.Written from the standpoint of a geographer, this study accordingly puts the space of everyday life front and centre. Such a space acts as an impediment to these women's journeys: it generates a “moralscape” of waiting, which plays a key role in these women's daily lives.However, it can also help these women gain greater autonomy, thus empowering them, and it may be subverted through various tactics and stratagems, which sometimes take the form of spatialised strategies.

Governments across the globe find themselves in an exploratory phase as they probe the limits of their sovereignty in the cyber domain. Cyberspace is a singular environment that is forcing states to adjust their behavior to fit a new arena beyond the four traditional domains (air, sea, space, and land) to which the classic understanding of state sovereignty applies. According to Lucie Kadlecová, governments must implement a more adaptive approach to keep up with rapid developments and innovations in cyberspace in order to truly retain their sovereignty. This requires understanding the concept of sovereignty in a more creative and flexible manner. Kadlecová argues that the existence of sovereignty in cyberspace is the latest remarkable stage in the evolution of this concept. Through a close study of the most advanced transatlantic cases of state sovereignty in cyberspace—the Netherlands, the US, Estonia, and Turkey—Cyber Sovereignty reveals how states have pursued new methods and tactics to fuel the distribution of authority and control in the cyber field, imaginatively combining modern technologies with legal frameworks. In times of booming competition over cyber governance between democracies and authoritarian regimes worldwide, cyber sovereignty is a major topic of interest, and concern, for the international community.

This book focuses on the socio-cultural changes and issues experienced in ASEAN and the European Union in the post-pandemic world. In doing so, chapters discuss the social impact of specific themes such as changing work ethics, migration, and cyber security, which have shifted the cultural and economic landscapes of Southeast Asia and Europe. The book will be useful for policymakers, journalists, students, and those interested in discussions of regionalism, and the effects of Covid-19 on social policies ranging from the individual, domestic laws, to national and supranational policies.

When and why are right-wing populist (RWP) parties electorally successful in developing democracies? What are the consequences of their electoral success? The Rise of Right-Wing Populist Parties and Reversal of Economic Reforms in Developing Democracies presents an original theoretical framework that is grounded in the socio-economic characteristics of developing countries to answer these questions. Vineeta Yadav and Bumba Mukherjee argue that when a sudden reversal financial crisis occurs in a highly clientelist developing democracy, RWP parties can successfully win the electoral support of voters, particularly those belonging to the traditional group in society. They secure their win by promising to adopt nationalist economic policies to restore the social and economic status of voters, particularly those belonging to the traditional groups. Upon winning elections, they deliver on this program by adopting protectionist trade policies and reducing the independence of their country's central banks so they can manipulate monetary policy to support dominant group voters. Consequently, they reverse key elements of economic globalization. To provide evidence for these claims the authors conduct in-depth analyses of two important cases – the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) of India and the Partido Social Liberal (PSL) of Brazil using survey experiments and qualitative evidence, and they analyze Time-Series Cross-Sectonial data for 58 developing countries from 1980 to 2018 to establish the generalizability of their arguments.

This volume explores the evolution of theoretical and practical approaches to intervening in protracted conflicts, following the work of Herb Kelman.Interactive problem solving, as developed by Kelman and others, sought to increase understanding about the microprocesses of international relations. Kelman early on emphasised the centrality of an interactive approach for constructing new identities, new narratives, and new ways forward. Transforming conflict systems requires strategic attention to the interactions between agents of change that provide stability or induce shift. This volume on interactive conflict approaches includes both critical reflections and new ideas from scholar-practitioners who have developed, revised, and expanded these approaches. Contributors take up important issues, from the shape and likelihood of solutions in intractable conflicts to how individuals can exist in realities with seemingly irresolvable inner and outer conflicts. The volume represents the best of current thinking about how the mechanisms, theoretical framework, and application of interactive problem solving should be moved into the twenty-first century context of increasing complexity, increasing uncertainty, and increasing polarisation.This book will be of interest to students of peace studies, conflict resolution, and international relations.

The untold story of the role of humanitarian NGOs in building the neoliberal order after empireAfter India gained independence in 1947, Britain reinvented its role in the global economy through nongovernmental aid organizations. Utilizing existing imperial networks and colonial bureaucracy, the nonprofit sector sought an ethical capitalism, one that would equalize relationships between British consumers and Third World producers as the age of empire was ending. The Solidarity Economy examines the role of nonstate actors in the major transformations of the world economy in the postwar era, showing how British NGOs charted a path to neoliberalism in their pursuit of ethical markets.Between the 1950s and 1990s, nonprofits sought to establish an alternative to Keynesianism through their welfare and development programs. Encouraging the fair trade of commodities and goods through microfinance, consumer boycotts, and corporate social responsibility, these programs emphasized decentralization, privatization, and entrepreneurship. Tehila Sasson tells the stories of the activists, economists, politicians, and businessmen who reimagined the marketplace as a workshop for global reform. She reveals how their ideas, though commonly associated with conservative neoliberal policies, were part of a nonprofit-driven endeavor by the liberal left to envision markets as autonomous and humanizing spaces, facilitating ethical relationships beyond the impersonal realm of the state.Drawing on dozens of newly available repositories from nongovernmental, international, national, and business archives, The Solidarity Economy reconstructs the political economy of these markets—from handicrafts and sugar to tea and coffee—shedding critical light on the postimperial origins of neoliberalism.

This Handbook is the first volume to comprehensively examine the challenges, intricacies, and dynamics of proxy wars, in their various facets.The volume aims to capture the significantly growing interest in the topic at a critical juncture when wars of many guises are becoming multifaceted proxy wars. Most often, proxy wars have wide-ranging implications for international security and are, therefore, a critically important subject of inquiry. The Handbook seeks to understand and explain proxy wars conceptually, theoretically, and empirically, with a focus on the numerous policy challenges and dilemmas they pose. To do so, it presents a multi- and interdisciplinary assessment of proxy wars focused on the causes, dynamics, and processes underpinning the phenomenon, across time and space and a multitude of actors throughout human history. The Handbook is divided into six thematic sections, as follows: Part I: Approaches to the Study of Proxy Wars Part II: Historical Perspectives on Proxy WarsPart III: Actors in Proxy WarsPart IV: Dynamics of Proxy WarsPart V: Case Studies of Proxy WarsPart VI: The Future of Proxy WarsBy bringing together many leading scholars in a synthesis of expertise, this Handbook provides a unique and rigorous account of research into proxy war, which so far has been largely missing from the debate.This book will be of much interest to students of strategic studies, security studies, foreign policy, political violence, and International Relations.

This book examines EU external border violence and the role of Frontex, and how it can be made legally and politically accountable for these incidents. The volume sets out what the international standards are for monitoring border violence and how monitors'independence must be guaranteed and where these standards come from. The book provides realistic options to resolve the crisis by focusing on how effective and independent border monitoring can ensure better human rights compliance at EU external borders. At the centre of the book is the question: how can we achieve effective monitoring of border police, including Frontex, by competent and independent state authorities which have as a mission human rights implementation? The goal of the book is to examine how states can prevent and investigate allegations of such violence and diminish the apparent impunity of those border police who engage in it. This book will be of interest to students of EU policy, law, migration and refugee studies and International Relations.

Over fifty years ago, military takeovers in Africa exacerbated unconstitutional political transitions. The African Union (AU), founded in 2001, has significantly impacted African law by addressing illegal government changes. The AU has created a legal framework, including targeted sanctions, to ease these transitions. Despite its poor design and implementation, the AU is an important player in advancing democracy. However, the definition of unconstitutional changes is too narrow, and sanctions are often unnecessary. The book explores the rise of unconstitutional changes in African governments, particularly in Mauritania, Guinea, Madagascar, and Niger, which challenge the African democratic project. It explores the causes, reactions, and methods of government change, including military takeovers, presidential extensions, and election manipulation. The book also examines the limitations of institutional mechanisms and military intervention in Africa since the Cold War, offering insights and suggestions for best way of transition of elected government with popular mandate by African peoples.

This book critically examines the reception and application of the 2011 Articles on the Responsibility of International Organizations (ARIO), assessing their effectiveness and limitations. Adopting a panoptic approach, it explores the theory underlying the concept of responsibility for internationally wrongful acts in ARIO through both doctrinal analysis and practical case studies.The editors have brought together a diverse group of legal experts to analyze various fields in the law of responsibility for international organizations (IOs), including questions of attribution, shared responsibility, the implementation of responsibility, and the progressive development of ARIO rules. The book argues that, despite its rare application, the ARIO are a useful resource for ascertaining the responsibility of IOs in the form of judicial, non-judicial, internal or external control mechanisms. Ultimately, the book demonstrates that the ARIO constitute an authoritative legal source, capable of guiding IOs in reforming their internal law.Providing a variety of empirically-grounded and theoretical perspectives, this book is an excellent resource for researchers, scholars and students of law, arbitration and dispute resolution, public international law and international relations. Readers will also benefit from the applied nature of the text and the book's forward-thinking approach.

This book advances a holistic conceptualisation of maritime security, under the term ‘Blue Security', and situates it in states across the Indo-Pacific.The Indo-Pacific encompasses a vast space, incorporating two of the planet's biggest oceans, the Indian Ocean and Pacific Ocean, as well as littoral and hinterland states home to half the world's population. Security challenges abound across the maritime Indo-Pacific, ranging from the risk of inter-state war at sea to so-called blue crimes, like piracy, smuggling, and illegal fishing. Climate change and marine pollution, as well as the over-exploitation of scarce and sometimes fragile resources, also pose threats to human security, sustainability, and biodiversity. Using the concept of ‘Blue Security', this book assesses these various challenges and analyses the approaches to their management used by Indo-Pacific states. It argues that we should embrace a holistic understanding of maritime security, incorporating national, regional, international, human, and environmental dimensions. To that end, it explores the Blue Security strategies of 18 Indo-Pacific states, examining their changing perceptions of threat, their approaches to managing those challenges, and their capabilities. The volume makes an innovative contribution to our knowledge of a region crucial to global security and prosperity.This book will be of interest to students of maritime strategy, security studies, Asian politics and International Relations.The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 license.

Applying role theory and Putnam's two-level game framework to the European migration crisis of 2015, Magdalena Kozub-Karkut expertly shows how the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, and Poland used the crisis to contest their roles in the European Union (EU) and how each country and the V4, as a group, subsequently used their new contested roles in the bargaining process within the EU structures. In doing so, Kozub-Karkut demonstrates how international negotiations might be used by the chief negotiators as a way of triggering contestation and enhancing their position at the domestic level as well as how role contestation processes from the domestic level might be used at the international one.Two-Level Role Theory and EU Migration is an excellent resource for scholars and students of Foreign Policy Analysis, International Relations Theory, European Studies, and Migrations Studies.Chapter 3 and 7 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF at http://www.taylorfrancis.com under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license.

Territorios del pensamiento es un libro que se sumerge en la vasta complejidad del conocimiento humano, explorando las profundidades de áreas diversas que van desde las ciencias políticas y relaciones internacionales, hasta la filosofía política y el análisis del discurso. Este libro es un viaje intelectual que atraviesa las fronteras del entendimiento humano, ofreciendo una plataforma para el debate, la reflexión y el desarrollo del pensamiento crítico.En un mundo cada vez más globalizado y digitalizado, la importancia de la investigación y el desarrollo del conocimiento se magnifica. La universidad, como bastión del saber, juega un papel crucial en este proceso, fomentando el estudio y la exploración de nuevas ideas. Al alentar la curiosidad y el pensamiento crítico, las instituciones educativas son fundamentales para preparar a las generaciones futuras para los desafíos que yacen en el horizonte.

Where is Marxism in International Relations? The answer lies in this collective work by Brazilian authors who have looked to Marxist theory for an alternative perspective, and therefore outside the dominant ideas in the field, to analyse International Relations. Specifically, the answer is divided into themes: key ideas by Marx and Engels for IR, Marxist thinkers as IR theorists, Marxist theories on imperialism, and the Latin-American theory on dependency. With the end result, this book adds to the international intellectual efforts to criticize and overcome capitalism.

The Routledge Handbook of Great Power Competition is a comprehensive, pioneering, and interdisciplinary guide of this re-emerging field.Offering a team of cutting-edge researchers in the field, it advances an analytical framework of great power competition. It surveys the major theories (mainstream and critical), actors (state, quasi-state, and non-state), mechanisms (military, economic, and ideational influence), and domains (territorial and non-territorial) pertaining to contemporary great power competition.This Handbook is an essential text for scholars and students of international relations, security studies, global governance, and comparative politics. It will also appeal to global policy makers and practitioners who need to observe contemporary great power competition.

Originally published in 1989, this book analyses France's distinctive role in international affairs and examines the characteristics of French foreign policy in the Fifth Republic. The introduction provides an overview of France's role in international relations, then specific chapters look at topics such as French military strategy and relations with the superpowers of the late 20th Century; France and the European Community; immigrant workers and their impact on France's international presence and France & Africa, among others. The final chapter discusses the evolution and formulation of French foreign policy in historical perspective. The contributors were historians, geographers and specialists in French civilization, all with experience in France. Each chapter includes notes and references to work in both English and French, making the book an important source, especially for students of politics, international relations, modern history and French studies

Dossier8Céleste Bonnamy, Clément PerarnaudIntroductionEU Digital Policies and PoliticsUnpacking the European Approach to Regulate the “Digital”28Orsolya GulyásDigital Sovereignty, Competitiveness, and the Illusion of FreedomAn Arendtian Approach to EU Digital Policy54Julien RossiLa structure argumentative d'un demi-siècle de politique européenne de protection des données à caractère personnel86Chloé BérutStrategic EuropeanisationA “Context-driven” Approach of the Useof European Instruments in Digital Health Policies110Samuel Cipers, Trisha Meyer“Free Speech is Not Free Reach”How Platforms Self-regulate Misinformation, Political Ads and Election Campaigns142Sebastian HeidebrechtPlatform Accountability in the European UnionThe Cases of Data Protection and Digital Services RegulationLECTURES CRITIQUES170Julien LouisAurélie Dianara Andry, Social Europe, the Road not Taken. The Left and European Integration in the Long 1970s, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2022, 333 p.176Laura ChazelGiuliano Bobba et Nicolas Hubé, Populism and the Politicization of the COVID-19 Crisis in Europe, Londres, Palgrave Macmillan, 2021, 161 p.

This insightful Companion provides an in-depth, systematic analysis of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU), an economic union of several post-Soviet Eurasian states.Bringing together an international collective of established academic experts on the EAEU and Eurasian regionalism, the editors showcase a diverse range of perspectives and backgrounds on the EAEU to reflect its complex reality. The Companion reviews the available evidence on the EAEU, examining its evolution, governance, policies, and outlook as well as delving into key theoretical and policy debates on this particularly contested regional organization. Taking stock of the tectonic changes occurring in the post-Soviet Eurasia, it highlights potential gaps in the collective knowledge and discusses possible scenarios for the future of the EAEU.Exploring the EAEU's impact on trade, migration, and foreign direct investment in the post-Soviet Eurasia, this astute Companion will prove indispensable to academics and researchers in the fields of political science and economics, particularly those with an interest in Russian and Eurasian studies and comparative regionalism. Its analysis of the challenges the EAEU is currently facing will also benefit think tank analysts with a focus on Russia, China, Central Asia and Eurasia in general.

The Middle East: Crises, Conflicts, and Wars aims to evaluate the Middle East through international politics with diverse theoretical frameworks. Chapters have been written by many contributors who explore the Middle East from multiperspectives. The scope of this book is very comprehensive and many relevant issue areas are examined. In addition to focusing on the different perspectives of international relations, current problems are considered, especially in the axis of classic, modern and post-modern security studies. The main issues of Syria, Lebanon, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Iran, Iraq, the UAE, Jordan, Palestine, Kuwait, Oman, Yemen, Bahrain, Israel and Turkey are included. Maritime disputes, the Arab Spring, energy transfer, migration, the EU, hydro-politics, Green Sukuk (green Islamic bond), youth policies and strategic investments in the Middle East, are a number of the topics examined.

The boom in South-South relations since the early 2000s has seen a flurry of investment in African infrastructure from emerging markets across the Global South. While the extent to which these projects spur growth is constantly debated, few studies have addressed their impact on ground-level political and socio-economic practices in Africa--or their consequences for transnational governance more broadly. Through the lens of infrastructure, this book investigates the developmental ideas, processes and techniques that have travelled to and emerged from Africa as a result of Global South-led projects. How have they been adapted, transformed and contested by local actors? How does this shape business-society relations? And how has this challenged the Western-dominated global order? The contributors zoom in on large-scale Chinese-, Brazilian- and Indian-funded ventures--dams, ports, roads and mines--across countries including Kenya, Mozambique and the DRC. These'frontier zones', bringing together politicians and practitioners, campaign groups and communities from Africa and elsewhere, offer a unique insight into the global workings of our contemporary world. Taking a bottom-up approach, Africa's Global Infrastructures explores the longer-term significance and implications of these pluralistic socio-economic interactions, for the continent and beyond.

As a result of deteriorating relations with the Soviet Union, foreign policy makers in Washington became willing to enter a series of controversial agreements with fascist Spain in return for strategic military bases. Large sections of the Spanish political establishment and the left-wing opposition have criticized Franco for having bought these agreements at the cost of national sovereignty. This book is the first account to give the full story of the diplomatic bluff and counter-bluff which lay behind the ultimate compromise.