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In the years since Independence in 1962, Jamaica's foreign policy has reflected the flux and reflux of international affairs. There has been continuity in the midst of change; and while the country has sought to deepen its traditional friendships and widen its network of allies, it has also experienced occasions of externally determined crisis and major disagreement both within the Caribbean and in the wider world. Bearing in mind the profound changes which have taken place in the international sphere since independence, this book examines some of the main initiatives and responses which have characterised Jamaican foreign policy over the last sixty years.

This book examines the timely issue of police stops as a public and political issue, focussing on the European states. Contrary to much other work it focuses on wider Europe and the social and political context in which the police practice of stopping citizens emerges, develops and can be curtailed. More specifically, the volume analyses public controversies about police stops, i.e. events in which conflicts emerge about how the performance of police stops is explained and justified. This book stems from an EU COST Action research network on Police Stops which engages academics and practitioners from 29 countries. It appeals to those in law, criminology and policing studies with some potential for wider interest in cultural studies/history and public policy/politics, as well as to practitioners in police scrutiny, oversight and other professional bodies and in training organisations.

This book offers an extensive research work to explore the accessibility of women with disabilities and financial insolvency to social safety net program in rural Bangladesh. The book examines the impact of intersectional identities in accessibility to the human rights in a contextual setting. The authors have also scrutinized the existing policies to identify policy gaps and provide some policy recommendations from this insightful study. Apart from narrower view of the targeting method or implementation of social safety net program on targeting beneficiaries, this research has combined gender and disability in a study framework with making a focus on the Allowances Program for Insolvent Persons with Disabilities provided by Government of Bangladesh. They have argued that intersectional identities (gender, disability, financial insolvency) have influenced over the accessibility to social safety net program as well as identified the challenges of accessibility which provides a broader view of practices of public administration of Bangladesh and enlightens on social and cultural context creating barriers in accessibility to human rights of women with disabilities. The authors argue for bringing changes of the service delivery of the program by bringing change in policies according to human right-based treaties. This book is useful to policy makers, international donor agencies, government officials, and NGOs.

This handbook provides a comprehensive, interdisciplinary overview of key theoretical, analytical and normative approaches, topics and debates in contemporary scholarship about gender and citizenship. It demonstrates how diverse historical, social, political, economic and legal dimensions have shaped the evolution of gendered citizenship in different parts of the world, as well as how these dimensions transform the interrelations between individuals, social groups and communities across time, place and space. Bringing together insights from scholars across gender studies, political science, law, sociology, philosophy and cultural studies, this book demonstrates how intersectional and transnational approaches can provide us with theoretical and methodological tools to understand gendered inequalities and injustices in societies. Chapters examine relations between gender, sexuality, populism and nationalism; transnational feminism during times of #MeToo and Black Lives Matter; the increasing political and popular support of LGBTQ+ claims as human rights issues; trans/gender citizenship; gendered indigenous citizenship; and the intersections of gender, religion and citizenship, among others. The handbook concludes with future directions for research guided by the main debates about intersectional and transnational approaches in the field of gender and citizenship. This handbook will be valuable reading for scholars, researchers, and policymakers around the globe in Gender Studies, Citizenship Studies, Sociology, Law, Political Science, and Cultural Studies.

Le présent collectif entend mettre entre les mains du lecteur une réflexion interdisciplinaire sur les thèmes de la démocratie, du pluralisme et des droits de l'Homme. En optant pour une perspective transculturelle, il soumet ce thème à des regards croisés qui divergent mais qui se complètent, dégageant ainsi des points de rencontres entre des contextes culturels et intellectuels différents. L'enjeu commun des différentes contributions est de montrer que la démocratie et les droits de l'Homme ne sont pas uniquement des moyens pour gérer le pluralisme culturel et politique, mais qu'ils peuvent, à leur tour, faire l'objet d'une pensée plurielle et décentralisée. Le pluralisme est, en effet, un impératif et non pas simplement un fait contingent.

Das Buch bietet Perspektiven von Entscheidungsträgern. Es soll die Leserinnen und Leser dazu inspirieren, sich für den sozialen Wandel zu engagieren. Ziel ist es, die Ursachen und Folgen sowie den Mehrwert eines integrativen sozialen Wandels greifbar zu machen. Anhand von Geschichten aus dem wirklichen Leben, die sich auf die Kraft des Menschen stützen, um durch Beispiele zu inspirieren, zeigt BeingChange, dass'Zweck für Macht'keine Plattitüde ist, sondern ein Prinzip, das sowohl das subjektive Wohlbefinden als auch den sozialen Fortschritt begünstigt. Die ausgewählten formellen und informellen Akteure des Wandels verdeutlichen, warum Sinn der Unterton echter Befähigung und die wichtigste Zutat für nachhaltige Entwicklung ist. Das Ziel, das mit diesen Geschichten verfolgt wird, ist ein zweifaches: 1) zu zeigen, dass es unabhängig davon, WER und WO man ist und was man hat, möglich ist, seine lebenslangen Bestrebungen und sein tägliches Handeln in Einklang zu bringen, und 2) die Leserzu inspirieren, ihre Suche nach Sinn zu beginnen (oder zu beschleunigen), indem sie herausfinden und verfolgen, was ihnen am wichtigsten ist. Auf der ganzen Welt wächst ein Netzwerk von gleichgesinnten Denkern und Machern, die durch die gemeinsame Überzeugung verbunden sind, dass die Welt nicht als gegeben hingenommen werden darf. Jeder ist willkommen, seine Perspektive von passiv zu aktiv zu ändern und sich anzuschließen.

This book provides a transdisciplinary assessment of multiple countries'legal and policy frameworks vis-à-vis the Voluntary Guidelines for Securing Sustainable Small-Scale Fisheries in the Context of Food Security and Poverty Eradication, adopted in 2014 by the Committee on Fisheries of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Based on an appraisal framework used to facilitate the unpacking of those frameworks, this book collects country experiences and regional perspectives on a range of cross-cutting issues underpinning the protection of the rights and the promotion of justice for small-scale fishers and their communities.This book aims to be the first collection to present a systematic and in-depth assessment of existing national legal and policy frameworks vis-à-vis the SSF Guidelines. This assessment is done through the transdisciplinary and collaborative work of researchers, governments, and civil society organizations for the analysis of the cross-thematic questions, which the contributors of this book aim to address. Firstly, what are the relevant laws and policies that matter for securing rights of small-scale fishers and their communities? How are small-scale fisheries defined by national laws and policies? How are small-scale fisheries treated (i.e., specifically or generally) in these instruments? Are there specific provisions and references to small-scale fisheries or any of its associated terminologies (e.g., artisanal, subsistence, traditional, indigenous)? Secondly, how the relevant instruments address the 8 small-scale fisheries key issues outlined in that rapid appraisal study? What are the strengths and gaps in these instruments? Do they address issues that are not covered by the SSF Guidelines? Do they contribute to clarifying other legal issues that are relevant for sustainable small-scale fisheries? Finally, since the book also aims to explore the accessibility of these legal and policy instruments for those to which they matter the most (the small-scale fishers), the following questions were also considered: What challenges do they face in knowing and understanding the relevant laws and policies in place? Which tools, measures and processes are available in the countries to ensure small-scale fishers can claim for their rights? To what extent judicial courts have recognized and/or granted rights to small-scale fishers?Chapters 11 and 20 are available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

From Discrimination to Death studies the process of genocide through the human rights violations that occur during genocide. Using individual testimonies and in-depth field research from the Armenian Genocide, Holocaust and Cambodian Genocide, this book demonstrates that a pattern of specific escalating human rights abuses takes place in genocide. Offering an analysis of all these particular human rights as they are violated in genocide, the author intricately brings together genocide studies and human rights, demonstrating how the ‘crime of crimes'and the human rights law regime correlate. The book applies the pattern of rights violations to the Rohingya Genocide, revealing that this pattern could have been used to prevent the violence against the Rohingya, before advocating for a greater role for human rights oversight bodies in genocide prevention.The pattern ascertained through the research in this book offers a resource for governments and human rights practitioners as a mid-stream indicator for genocide prevention. It can also be used by lawyers and judges in genocide trials to help determine whether genocide took place. Undergraduate and postgraduate students, particularly of genocide studies, will also greatly benefit from this book.

This book offers a comprehensive and multidisciplinary global overview of populism and human rights in the light of globalization. It examines why the dominant (neo)liberal paradigm of the last decades resulted in major economic and social inequalities which resulted in the surge of national populism, led by the election success of right-wing parties, movements, and leaders across the world. It discusses, among other topics, the success of Brexit in Britain and the election success of Donald Trump and Marine Le Pen and explains why there is a need for a dialogue on human rights and globalization in this era of populism.Further contributions analyze various important topics of the field, including cross-culturalism, globalization, human rights, challenges and threats, diversity, curbing global corruption, sustainable development, populism, the decline of free speech, the new nationalism, internationalization, global regime of human rights, leadership theory, global management competencies, gender, quality management, individualism-collectivism, and examples of new initiatives in global organizations. This makes the book a valuable and useful resource for students, researchers, and scholars of international relations, political science, sociology, political psychology, law, diplomatic studies, Communication and media studies, economics, education and management, as well as practitioners and policy-makers interested in a better understanding of globalization, populism, and human rights.

Der Band konzentriert und fokussiert die Leitbegriffe Moral, Menschenrechte und Demokratie. Wie diese miteinander verwobenen sind und was sie zu gesellschaftlich und erziehungswissenschaftlich relevanten Kernthemen macht, wird in den Beiträgen zu den Themen Moral, Menschenrechte und Menschenwürdeverletzungen, Demokratiebildung sowie Partizipation analysiert und diskutiert.Eben diese thematische Breite und interdisziplinäre Ausrichtung zeichnet das Arbeiten und Forschen des Erziehungswissenschaftlers Professor Dr. Stefan Weyers aus, dessen wissenschaftliches Werk mit dieser Publikation gewürdigt wird.

Book of the Disappeared confronts worldwide human rights violations of enforced disappearance and genocide and explores the global quest for justice with forceful, outstanding contributions by respected scholars, expert practitioners, and provocative contemporary artists. This profoundly humane book spotlights our historic inhumanity while offering insights for survival and transformation.

Dieses Buch diskutiert auf verständliche Weise, wie aufkommende globalisierende Prozesse die Bühne für neue Formen sozialer und politischer Kämpfe in Lateinamerika bereiten, mit einer verstärkten Beteiligung multilateraler und ausländischer Akteure sowie Auswirkungen des globalen politischen Populismus und populistischer sozialer Medien. Dies eröffnet neue Strategien und Chancen für Aktivisten und bietet neue Arenen der Auseinandersetzung für internationale Organisationen. Das Buch analysiert die Kämpfe ausgewählter marginalisierter Gruppen, insbesondere der städtischen Armen, indigenen Gruppen, Frauen- und LGBTQ-Gruppen sowie der vulnerablen Mittelschicht. Jeder Fall wird im Kontext eines eigenen Kampfes um Staatsbürgerschaft, Identität, Inklusion und/oder Rechtsstaatlichkeit betrachtet. Die Studie bietet eine umfassende historische Analyse der Region im Kontext dieser Kämpfe. Sie behandelt einige der drängendsten Fragen im Zusammenhang mit der aktuellen Politik Lateinamerikas, darunter Identitätspolitik, kulturelle Aneignung, soziale Mobilisierung und Protest, neoliberale Reformen, reproduktive Rechte und sexuelle Autonomie, Korruption, der Einfluss von Religion und Patriarchat, Kriminalität und soziale Gerechtigkeit, Ungleichheit und Armut, die informelle Wirtschaft und städtische Ausgrenzung. Dabei wird nicht nur dargestellt, dass es sich nicht um neue Kämpfe handelt, sondern auch, wie sie im Laufe der Zeit entwickelt haben. In der zeitgenössischen Periode erforscht das Buch, wie sich die Akteure sowie der Charakter ihres Kampfes durch einen globalisierten Austausch von Ideen und Prozessen verändern. Das Buch behandelt einen weiten geografischen Bereich in Lateinamerika, mit besonderem Fokus auf Ländern mit spanischer oder portugiesischer Kolonialgeschichte, und richtet sich an Forscher, Studenten und Laien, die sich für die neuen globalisierenden Kräfte interessieren, die die lateinamerikanische Gesellschaft und Politik beeinflussen.

This is the second volume of the book series Human Rights – Looking Towards the Future, edited by the Human Rights Centre of Central South University. The book is timely not only as it deals with the pandemic, the topic dominating the headlines in many countries, but also because it provides five succinct analyses – from China, Ireland, South Africa, Turkey and about Germany – directing attention to questions about Human Rights that are commonly underexposed.

Increasingly, urban actors invoke human rights to address inequalities, combat privatisation, and underline common aspirations, or to protect vested (private) interests. The potential and the pitfalls of these processes are conditioned by the urban, and deeply political. These urban politics of human rights are at the heart of this book. An international line-up of contributors with long-term engagement in this field shed light on these politics in cities on four continents and eight cities, presenting a wealth of empirical detail and disciplinary theoreticalisation perspectives. They analyse the ‘city society', the urban actors involved, and the mechanisms of human rights mobilisation. In doing so, they show the commonalities in rights engagement in today's globalised and often deeply unequal cities characterised by urban law, private capital but also communities that rally around concepts as the ‘right to the city'. Most importantly, the chapters highlight the conditions under which this mobilisation truly contributes to social justice, be it concerning the simple right to presence, cultural rights, accessible housing or – in times of COVID – health care. Urban Politics of Human Rights provides indispensable reading for anyone with a practical or theoretical interest in the complex, deeply political, and at times also truly promising interrelationship between human rights and the urban. Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.

T​his book critically explores how and to what extent artificial intelligence (AI) can infringe human rights and/or lead to socially harmful consequences and how to avoid these. The European Union has outlined how it will use big data, machine learning, and AI to tackle a number of inherently social problems, including poverty, climate change, social inequality and criminality. The contributors of this book argue that the developments in AI must take place in an appropriate legal and ethical framework and they make recommendations to ensure that harm and human rights violations are avoided. The book is split into two parts: the first addresses human rights violations and harms that may occur in relation to AI in different domains (e.g. border control, surveillance, facial recognition) and the second part offers recommendations to address these issues. It draws on interdisciplinary research and speaks to policy-makers and criminologists, sociologists, scholars in STS studies, security studies scholars and legal scholars.

Dieses Buch befasst sich mit dem organischen Kontinuum, das Individuen, Gemeinschaften und die Gesellschaft miteinander verbindet. Ein Überblick über Aspirationelle Algorithmen (AA) und Wertvolle Werkzeuge (WW) illustriert den möglichen Nutzen von Technologie, um einen bewussten Übergang einzuleiten, vom KI-Kult zur Kultivierung von Höherer Humanität (HH). Die menschliche Einstellung, die hinter dem Design und der Nutzung von Technologie steht, bestimmt die Ergebnisse der Technologie. Wenn das angestrebte Ergebnis das Gemeinwohl ist, dann muss das vorausgehende menschliche Streben auf dieses Ziel ausgerichtet sein. Nur eine Technologie, die mit dem Ziel konzipiert wurde, eine Gesellschaft zu schaffen die den Einzelnen zur Entfaltung seines Potenzials befähigt, wirkt sich positiv auf das Gemeinwohl aus. Angesichts des ständigen Wechselspiels zwischen den vier Dimensionen der menschlichen Existenz - Seele, Herz, Verstand, Körper -, die sich in Form von Bestrebungen, Emotionen, Gedanken und Empfindungen ausdrücken, wird deutlich, wie Technologie dazu dienen kann, den Einzelnen systematisch von der Inspiration zum Wunsch, von der Information zur Zündung einer spürbaren Veränderung zu führen. Dieses Buch erklärt den Übergang entlang einer multidimensionalen Einfluss Skala. Zwei sich gegenseitig beeinflussende Dynamiken werden analysiert: erstens der Einfluss von Werten und Bestrebungen auf die Wirkung von Technologie und zweitens der Einfluss von Technologie auf die Einstellung und das Handeln der Nutzer. Beide Ansätze zielen darauf ab, zu bewerten wie Hard- und Software einem Maximum an Menschen zu einem sinnvollen, glücklichen Leben verhelfen können.

The book aims at presenting an updated version of the basic and general human rights debates. While it is frequently suggested that Human Rights are universal and indivisible, it is an undeniable fact that this is far from being true. And if there was ever any justification for talking about an ending to history, that narrative has definitely lost all justification in the light of recent developments. In fact, we are now witnessing a new harsh round of global system competition, often at the edge of a global hot war, now not anymore in a bipolar world but in a multipolar setting.The book contributions include reflections on history and theory, the reinterpretation of rights in different national contexts and/or in relation to specific groups (e.g. women) and areas (e.g. digitization).The book is meant to be a food for thought, at the end arguing in favour of the need to redefine Human Rights, reflecting the changes since the inauguration of the UDHR.

This book provides an expanded conceptualization of legalization that focuses on implementation of obligation, precision, and delegation at the international and domestic levels of politics. By adding domestic politics and the actors to the international level of analysis, the authors add the insights of Kenneth Waltz, Graham Allison, and Louis Henkin to understand why most international law is developed and observed most of the time. However, the authors argue that law-breaking and law-distorting occurs as a part of negative legalization. Consequently, the book offers a framework for understanding how international law both produces and undermines order and justice. The authors also draw from realist, liberal, constructivist, cosmopolitan and critical theories to analyse how legalization can both build and/or undermine consensus, which results in either positive or negative legalization of international law. The authors argue that legalization is a process over time and not just a snapshot in time.

Gender and Human Rights in a Global, Mobile Era delves into feminist debates surrounding the relationship between gender and human rights through engaging feminist perspectives on the multifaceted issue of human trafficking.Building on analyses of domestic servitude, commercial sex, and labor trafficking by military contractors, and grounded in intersectional feminist cosmopolitanism and feminist theorizing on vulnerability, precarity, and ethical interdependence, Laura Hebert makes several interrelated contributions. As she explores how a feminist gender analysis illuminates the structures and norms enabling trafficking, Hebert simultaneously considers the future of feminist rights advocacy. Emphasizing the sociality of human rights, she encourages feminist scholars and activists to look beyond states as the duty-bearers of human rights and the assumption that human rights are made meaningful mainly through the establishment of legal rights at the national level. She challenges the idea that'feminism'can be reduced to advocacy on behalf of women's rights. She also encourages critical reflection on how divisions associated with feminist politics have impeded opportunities for the building of feminist solidarities across differences aimed at the realization of the human rights of all.Strongly interdisciplinary, Gender and Human Rights in a Global, Mobile Era will be of interest to students and scholars throughout the social sciences and humanities.

The book is a response to the dominant discourse of South Africa as unwelcoming to African immigrants. Acknowledging the reality of xenophobia against African migrants in South Africa, it explores the positive spaces of interactions between South Africans and African migrants that do not necessarily result in tension. Hence, the book is about conviviality, cohabitation, interdependency and the production of a multicultural rainbow nation. South Africa, its constitution and representation as a multicultural society is the perfect context to experiment with the ideas in the book. Part of the objectives is therefore to demonstrate, as contained in the title, the ambivalence of this relationship which the popular discourse of xenophobia has silenced.

This special issue investigates the meaning of justice and dignity and how they have changed over time. What do we mean by human dignity? How do we understand and interpret that meaning? How has it evolved? Showcasing a selection of papers responding to this critical central question, the authors delve into issues such as the foundational roles of justice and dignity in practical philosophy and the idea that human dignity must be understood as the right to be recognized as a participant in the institutional practice of human and fundamental rights, analysing how this modern conception was incorporated into the practice of human rights after Auschwitz as a response to a crisis in the modern model of the practice of rights. Furthermore, the authors study examples of misinterpretation of the philosophical term and historical concept of human dignity in contemporary legal theory and practice alongside Kant's notion of human dignity, that is understood as a novel ‘care of the self'. Self-violation of dignity and the exposure to violation by others – thoughtlessly or intentionally – gives way to an exploration of the language of anti-violence activists, university coordinators, and due process activists concerned with Title IX and campus sexual violence. Providing a comprehensive look at historic and contemporary meanings of human dignity, this edited collection is an appealing read for scholars interested in the intersection of dignity with philosophy, law, human rights, legal theory, social theory, and more.

Human Rights at Risk brings together social scientists, legal scholars, and humanities scholars to analyze the policy challenges of human rights protection in the twenty-first century. The volume is organized based on three overarching themes that highlight the challenges and risks in international human rights: international institutions and global governance of human rights; thematic blind spots in human rights protection; and the human rights challenges of the United States as a global and domestic actor amidst the contemporary global shifts to authoritarianism and illiberal populism. One of the very few books that offer new perspectives that envision the future of transnational human rights norms and human dignity from a multidisciplinary perspective, Human Rights at Risk comprehensively examines the causes and consequences of the challenges faced by international human rights. Scholars, students, and policy practitioners who are interested in the challenges and reform prospects of the international human rights regime, United States foreign policy, and international institutions will find this multidisciplinary volume an invaluable guide to the state of global politics in the twenty-first century.

There are currently a record-setting number of forcibly displaced persons in the world. This number continues to rise as solutions to alleviate humanitarian catastrophes of large-scale violence and displacement continue to fail. The likelihood of the displaced returning to their homes is becoming increasingly unlikely. In many cases, their homes have been destroyed as the result of violence. Why are the homes of certain populations targeted for destruction? What are the impacts of loss of home upon children, adults, families, communities, and societies? If having a home is a fundamental human right, then why is the destruction of home not viewed as a rights violation and punished accordingly? From Bureaucracy to Bullets answers these questions and more by focusing on the violent practice of extreme domicide, or the intentional destruction of the home, as a central and overlooked human rights issue.

Einführend werden die Ideologieelemente der „Querdenker“ besprochen, dort auch die Ergebnisse der ersten empirischen Studien zu „Querdenkern“ und Teilnehmern an Corona-Demonstrationen. Verschwörungserzählungen sind ein (potenzieller) Radikalisierungsfaktor und spielen für die Bewegung der „Querdenker“ eine wichtige Rolle. So werden verschiedene aktuelle internationale Verschwörungserzählungen von „Querdenkern“ aufgegriffen, darunter auch die antisemitische Verschwörungserzählung „QAnon“. In Reaktion auf die „Querdenker“-Bewegung haben die deutschen Verfassungsschutzbehörden einen neuen Phänomenbereich von Extremismus festgestellt, die „verfassungsschutzrelevante Delegitimierung des Staates“. Bei der Analyse der Szene der „Querdenker“ muss differenziert werden, weil eine komplexe Mischung aus Radikalismus, Verschwörungserzählungen und Extremismus festzustellen ist.

Das Corona-Virus bestimmt seit mehr als zwei Jahren das Leben in Deutschland. Solange Politik und Gesellschaft auf Bundes-, Landes- und Kommunalebene kooperativ, subsidiär und selbstverantwortlich gehandelt haben, war die Coronapolitik am effektivsten und die Eingriffstiefe staatlicher Maßnahmen am geringsten. Doch Politik und Gesellschaft haben sich zu oft in sich selbst verheddert, zu oft gegenseitig blockiert und die Verantwortung gegenseitig zugeschoben. Am Ende des Tages ist die Bilanz vor allem deswegen ernüchternd, weil wir die Vorteile unserer Gesellschaftsordnung - Demokratie, Föderalismus und Selbstbestimmung - für das Krisenmanagement zu wenig in Wert gesetzt haben. Die Politik war nicht in der Lage, Orientierung zu geben, die Gesellschaft driftete auseinander und die Coronabekämpfung entsolidarisierte sich zunehmend.

This timely collection brings together original explorations of the COVID-19 pandemic and its wide-ranging, global effects on human rights. The contributors argue that a human rights perspective is necessary to understand the pervasive consequences of the crisis, while focusing attention on those being left behind and providing a necessary framework for the effort to'build back better'. Expert contributors to this volume address interconnections between the COVID-19 crisis and human rights to equality and non-discrimination, including historical responses to pandemics, populism and authoritarianism, and the rights to health, information, water and the environment. Highlighting the dangerous potential for derogations from human rights, authors further scrutinize the human rights compliance of new legislation and policies in relation to issues such as privacy, protection of persons with disabilities, freedom of expression, and access to medicines. Acknowledging the pandemic as a defining moment for human rights, the volume proposes a post-crisis human rights agenda to engage civil society and government at all levels in concrete measures to roll back increasing inequality.With rich examples, new thinking, and provocative analyses of human rights, COVID-19, pandemics, crises, and inequality, this book will be of key interest to scholars, students, and practitioners in all areas of human rights, global governance, and public health, as well as others who are ready to embark on an exploration of these complex challenges.

Until the eighteenth century, Western societies were hierarchical ones. Since then, they have transformed themselves into societies dominated by two features: participatory democracy and the protection of human rights. In Modern Isonomy, distinguished political theorist Gerald Stourzh unites these ideas as “isonomy.” The ideal, Stourzh argues, is a state, and indeed a world, in which individual rights, including the right to participate in politics equally, are clearly defined and possessed by all. Stourzh begins with ancient Greek thought contrasting isonomy—which is associated with the rule of the many—with “gradated societies,” oligarchies, and monarchies. He then discusses the American experiment with the development of representative democracy as well as the French Revolution, which proclaimed that all people are born and remain free and with equal rights. But progress on the creation and protection of rights for all has been uneven. Stourzh discusses specifically the equalization of slaves, peasants, women, Jews, and indigenous people. He demonstrates how deeply intertwined the protection of equal rights is with the development of democracy and gives particular attention to the development of constitutional adjudication, notably the constitutional complaint of individuals. He also discusses the international protection human rights. Timely and thought-provoking, Modern Isonomy is an erudite exploration of political and human rights.

This book ambitiously weaves together history and politics to explain all of the major situations where mass atrocities have occurred, or been prevented, over the 15 years since the'Responsibility to Protect'(R2P) was adopted at the 2005 UN World Summit.The author provides a history of human rights, mass atrocities and the principle of the R2P from the perspective of someone whose day job has been to work with the UN Security Council, various governments and civil society to help ensure the international community does not fail those who face the threat of genocide, war crimes and crimes against humanity today. It examines the implementation of the controversial principle of R2P since 2011 and how we end the politics of impunity, indifference and inaction once and for all. Using case studies from Iraq, Syria, Myanmar and Libya, the book offers a unique perspective regarding how we make'never again'a living principle, rather than a cliché and how we end the politics of impunity, indifference and inaction once and for all.It will be of especial interest to scholars, students and policymakers working in the fields of international politics or concerned about human rights, atrocities, the United Nations and international justice in the world today.

This book is a timely study of young women's life writing as a form of human rights activism. It focuses on six young women who suffered human rights violations when they were girls and have gone on to become activists through life writing: Malala Yousafzai, Hyeonseo Lee, Yeonmi Park, Bana Alabed, Nujeen Mustafa, and Nadia Murad. Their ongoing life-writing projects diverge to some extent, but all share several notable features: they claim a testimonial collective voice, they deploy rights discourse, they excite humanitarian emotions, they link up their context-bound plight with bigger social justice causes, and they use English as their vehicle of self-expression and self-construction. This strategic use of English is of vital importance, as it has brought them together as icons in the public sphere within the last six years. New Forms of Self-Narration is the first ever attempt to explore all these activists'life-writing texts side by side, encompassing both the written andthe audiovisual material, online and offline, and taking all texts as belonging to a unique, single, though multifaceted, project.

This book explores the potential responsibilities to respect, protect and fulfill international human rights law (IHRL) of a particular class of non-state actors: non-governmental organizations (NGOs). It calls for NGOs pursuing development to respect and fulfill the human right of genocide survivors to reparative justice in Rwanda. It argues that NGOs have social and moral responsibilities to respect and fulfill IHRL, and for greater accountability for them to do so. The book focuses on those NGOs advancing development in a post genocide transitional justice context acting simultaneously in partnership with state governments, as proxies and agents for these governments, and providing essential public goods and social services as part of their development remit. It defines development as a process of expanding realization of social, economic, and cultural rights addressing food security, economic empowerment/poverty reduction, healthcare, housing, education, and other fundamental human needs while integrating these alongside the expansion of freedoms and protections afforded by civil and political rights. It uses post genocide Rwanda as a case study to illustrate how respect and fulfillment of the IHRL pertaining to reparative justice are hindered by failing to hold NGOs responsible for IHRL. Consequently, this results in discrimination against, marginalization, and the disadvantaging of survivors of the Rwandan genocide against the Tutsi and violations of their human rights.

Ne pas se soumettre, n'est pas faire la révolution comme certains politiques le suggèrent, au fond de leur confortable position d'élu ou de chef de parti. Ne pas se soumettre, c'est refuser les idées prêtes à l'emploi que l'on tente de nous imposer, et s'indigner de situations inacceptables, c'est développer de nouveau, c'est agir contre une réalité que nous ne voulons pas (plus)voir ou accepter.

This book explores the political struggle to interpret and define the meaning, the scope and the implications of human rights norms in general and freedom of expression in particular. From the Rushdie affair and the Danish cartoon affair to the Charlie Hebdo massacre and draconian legislation against blasphemy worldwide, the tensions between free speech ideals and religious sensitivities have polarized global public opinion and the international community of states, triggering fierce political power struggles in the corridors of the UN. Inspired by theories of norm diffusion in International Relations, Skorini investigates how the struggle to define the limits of free speech vis-à-vis religion unfolds within the UN system. Revealing how human rights terminology is used and misused, the book also considers how the human rights vision paradoxically contains the potential to justify human rights violations in practice. The author explains how states exercise power within the field of international human rights politics and how non-democratic states strategically apply mainstream human rights language and secular human rights law in order to justify authoritarian religious censorship norms both nationally and internationally.This interdisciplinary book will appeal to scholars and students researching international human rights, religion and politics. The empirical chapters are also relevant for professionals and activists within the field of human rights.

This book explores how a society accepts and utilizes a system of archives to improve the quality of people's lives at each level of community, organization, and government. This is the first book that examines the political, economic, and social background that has prevented the development of archival systems in Japan in comparison with other societies of different cultures such as the United States, Romania, India, and Korea. An archival system is an indispensable tool to live in the present and create a future by sharing an understanding of the past. For that reason, this book considers what “respecting the past” means from the point of view that people experience in their workplace to reconcile tragic experiences such as conflict, injustice, or corruption. Then the book shows how a system of archives plays a significant role in a democratic society because it serves as a foundation of evidence-based decision making for a specific group or the public. Thus, this volume provides guidance for ways that a society can build a common understanding of the importance of sharing the past to maintain community and society.

This book elucidates why human rights still matter in contemporary global affairs, and what can lead to better protection of international human rights in a post-liberal order. It blends theoretical, empirical, and normative perspectives, while providing much-needed analysis in light of the perils of populism, authoritarianism, and toxic nationalism, as well as highlighting the hopes with which people around the world view human rights in the new millennium. Systematically combining theoretical perspectives from across the disciplines with numerous case studies, it demonstrates not only the complexities of the domestic conditions involved, but also the ways in which human dignity can be preserved and promoted during periods of rapid change and uncertainty. Finally, the book addresses the question of how to protect human rights in such a world in which the active promotion of democratic values and enforcement of human rights may not be necessarily aligned with evolving economic and geopolitical interests of many great and diverse powers on the global scene. As such, it is a timely intervention for human rights as a concept as it has been attacked and eroded by the instability in our world today. This book will be of key interest to scholars and students of human rights in politics, law, philosophy, sociology, and history and to humanitarian bodies, practitioners, and policy makers.

Die klassischen Begriffe der Politikwissenschaften unterliegen im Zuge des Wandels der Staatlichkeit semantischen Aktualisierungen. Davon sind die Grundrechte, die sich immer weniger als Abwehrrechte konzipieren lassen, nicht ausgenommen. Tristan Zielinski geht der Frage nach, inwieweit die konstruktivistischen Theorieinnovationen von Niklas Luhmann und Michel Foucault einen Beitrag zur Erforschung der Legimitationsansätze der Grundrechte liefern können. Dabei geht es weniger um einen Rekurs auf normative Argumentationen; stattdessen wird die Funktion der Grundrechte innerhalb der Systemtheorie und der Genealogie untersucht.

As the second decade of the twenty-first century closes, challenges to human rights have deepened. Democracy is under stress, cultural battles within states have become heightened, and strongman politics are on the rise. Contemporary and historical reflections on rights are perhaps more pressing than ever – projects this book takes on via plain-language forms blending academic and commentary-based styles.

This volume of Studies in Law, Politics and Society brings together an international and interdisciplinary array of scholars to explore issues on the cutting edge of socio-legal research. They consider the complex connections of liberal democracy, human rights, governance in and through courts, the challenges terrorism poses to criminal law, and the problematics of global governance. Taken together, the chapters in this volume point to exciting new directions for legal scholars.

First published in 1985. In this study, Donnelly distinguishes between'having a right'and'being right'and elaborates the distinction with great subtlety to show that rights have to be understood as action and not as a possession. This is done with such clarity and good sense that he is able to cast light on all aspects of the often confusing discussions of the natures and usages of'right'. He illuminates an astonishing range of issues, from the limitations of Thomist and utilitarian conceptions of right to the confusions of many present-day defenders of rights, both in the West and the Third World. As importantly, Donnelly is centrally concerned with the human aspect of'human rights'. He is thus able to rest his discussion of rights on a plausible philosophical anthropology as well as an appreciation of an historical dimension to human rights, and, at the end of his book, is able to open the door towards potential new developments in the discussion of human rights. Down the path he points us lies a reconciliation of the notion of individual rights with that of political community. This title will be of great interest to students of politics and philosophy.

This book critically analyzes emerging issues and challenges in delivering timely justice to common people. It brings a wide range of contemporary and relevant issues relating to the gross violation of human rights and presents situation-based evidence from, and first-hand experiences of behavioral, social and legal professionals. It deals with themes such as holding administrations accountable and securing justice, challenges for the judiciary in the early disposal of cases, challenges to the forensic community, green federalism and environmental justice, current threats to human rights, ethics in the criminal justice system and honor killing from socio-cultural perspectives.Topical and comprehensive, this book will be an excellent read for scholars and researchers of political studies, legal studies, human rights, psychology, behavioural studies, political sociology, sociology, development studies, governance and public policy, environmental studies and South Asian studies. It will also interest policymakers, nongovernmental organizations, activists and professionals in the field.

Ces Mélanges sont un témoignage de considération et de fraternité à l'endroit d'un homme aux qualités humaines, scientifiques et professionnelles indéniables : Robert Dossou, le militant de l'Afrique livre et unie, l'universitaire et le doyen, l'avocat, l'organisateur visionnaire de l'historique Conférence nationale des forces vives du Bénin, le Président de la Cour constitutionnelles, le Pèlerin des droits de l'Homme et de la démocratie. Ces Mélanges se présentent comme autant de repères librement exposés et débattus pour nourrir la réflexion sur les défis qu'affrontent aujourd'hui l'Etat de droit, la démocratie, la justice et la paix.

This book provides a short, comprehensive, critical analysis of trafficking in human beings. Despite the size and scope of this criminal activity, there remains a need for an accurate, objective, contemporary examination of this threat as the nature of this crime and the strategies developed to counter it are fluid. Trafficking harms not only the lives of those trafficked but equally families and communities, as well as national economies and social cohesion. As this crime spans the spectrum of social science disciplines and fields of study, together with its increasing exposure in the media, this has led to a sharp increase in interest in this topic within the academic community and amongst policy makers, criminal justice practitioners and the wider public. This book draws on current research, the authors'expert knowledge and insight into current counter-trafficking practices to provide a critical analysis of the crime and strategies to counter its prevalence.

Fully updated, the sixth edition of International Human Rights examines the ways in which states and other international actors have addressed human rights since the end of World War II. This unique textbook features substantial attention to theory, history, international and regional institutions, and the role of transnational actors in the protection and promotion of human rights. Its purpose is to explore the difficult and contentious politics of human rights, and how those political dimensions have been addressed at the national, regional, and especially international levels.Key features include: substantially revised throughout, including new material on LGBTQ rights in Africa, Indigenous peoples'rights in Guatemala, the Rohingya crisis in Myanmar, and a new chapter on human rights and development; in-text features such as discussion questions, suggested readings, case studies, and'problems'to promote classroom discussion and in-depth examination of topics; concise yet clearly organised and comprehensive coverage of the topic. International Human Rights is essential reading for courses and modules in human rights, politics and international relations, law, criminal justice, sociology, social work, public administration, and international development.

This book examines a selection of themes that have become salient in contemporary debates on constitutional democracies. It focuses in particular on the experiences of India and Germany as examples of post-war and post-colonial constitutional democracies whose trajectories illustrate democratic transitions and transformative constitutionalism. While transformative constitutionalism has come to be associated specifically with the post-apartheid experience in South Africa, this book uses the transformative as an analytical framework to transcend the dichotomy of west and east and explore how temporally coincident constitutions have sought to install constitutional democracies by breaking with the past. While the constitution-making processes in the two countries were specific to their political contexts, the constitutional promises and futures converged. In this context, the book explores the themes of Constitutionalism, Nationalism, Secularism, Sovereignty and Rule of Law, Freedoms and Rights, to investigate how the contestations over democratic transitions and democratic futures have unfolded in the two democracies. It offers readers valuable insights into how the normative frameworks of constitutional democracy take concrete form at specific sites of democratic and constitutional imagination in Dalit and Islamic writings, as well as the relationship between state and religion in the writings of public intellectuals, political and legal philosophers. The book also focuses on specific sites of contestation in democracies including the relationship between sovereignty and citizenship in post-colonial India, free speech and sedition in liberal democracies, questions of land rights in connection with economic and political changes in contemporary contexts, and the rights of indigenous communities with regard to international conventions and domestic law. Given its scope, it will be of interest to students and scholars of political theory, political philosophy,comparative constitutionalism, law and human rights.

From the Great Depression in the twentieth century to the Great Recession in the twenty-first, systemic banking crises have been a recurring problem for both developing and developed countries. This book offers a human rights perspective on financial crises vis-à-vis low-income and least developed countries. It systematically analyzes government's commitment to women's economic rights and basic human rights during systemic banking crises. The book combines a wealth of data with rich theoretical arguments that weave together distinct but related bodies of literature from international development, human rights, and political economy.

Though many of the longest and most devastating internal armed conflicts have been fought within the boundaries of democratic states, these countries employ some of the highest numbers of human rights prosecutions. What conditions prompt this outcome and what explains the variable patterns of prosecutions in democracies at war? Prosecutions may be enabled by existing democratic norms and institutions, but given their role in a violent conflict, democratic governments may go to great lengths to avoid judicial accountability. Through qualitative and quantitative research of four cases, Sri Lanka, Northern Ireland, Spain and Colombia, this book argues that emergency and anti-terrorism laws issued during the conflict created barriers to the investigation and prosecution of state human rights violations. The extent to which state actors were held accountable was shaped by citizens, NGOs and political actors who challenged or upheld impunity provisions within emergency legislation.

Originally published in 2004. This excellent volume presents a systematic analysis of various human rights violations around the globe, focusing on security and subsistence rights. The book collects important contributions to the theoretical development of the human rights phenomenon, covering a wide range of human rights issues and research approaches. The research presented combines a variety of qualitative and quantitative approaches and brings together both theoretical and empirical work. It places particular emphasis on making the advanced statistical methods that are used to test the arguments accessible to a wider readership. Understanding Human Rights Violations will prove a useful tool for all in the fields of international human rights, peace studies, political violence and international law, and offers a valuable introduction into the literature on human rights violations.

This book presents commentaries by a leading international group of peace education scholars and practitioners concerning Reardon's peace education theory and intellectual legacy. The guiding question throughout the book is: How can her foundational work be used to advance the theory and practice of peace education? In an attempt to find answers, the contributing authors explore three general areas of inquiry: (1) Theoretical Foundations of Peace and Human Rights Education; (2) Feminism and the Gender Perspective as Pathways of Transformation Toward Peace and Justice; and (3) Peace Education Pedagogy and Practices. A contemplative commentary by Reardon herself rounds out the coverage

This book explains why there is a pronounced disjuncture between R2P's habitual invocation and its actual influence, and why it will not make the transformative progress its proponents claim. Rather than disputing that R2P is a norm, or declaring that norms are insignificant, Hehir engages with post-positivist constructivist accounts on the role of norms to demonstrate first, that the efficacy of a norm is not directly related to the extent to which it is proliferated or invoked, and second, that in the post-institutionalization phase, norms undergo both contestation and (potentially regressive) reinterpretation. This volume analyses the evolution of R2P, and demonstrates that it has been steadily circumscribed and co-opted, so that today it has no power to meaningfully influence the behaviour of states. It is essential reading for academic audiences in the disciplines of International Relations and International Law.

The concept of dignity is essential to discourses of human rights, and to understand what dignity means and requires, we must address a number of difficult questions with input from a wide range of disciplines. How is human dignity protected, maintained, or ensured in a rapidly changing world? What are the rights and responsibilities that go hand in hand with the concept of dignity? Which beliefs, discourses, individuals, and institutions threaten its global application or block its reach across all categories of difference? How is a consciousness of the importance of dignity developing across the globe? This timely collection brings together a diverse array of field-leading contributors in order to give urgent and sustained attention to such questions and to offer interdisciplinary explorations into this most fundamental of concepts. Contributors from a diversity of academic and cultural backgrounds identify the challenges and opportunities in the realms of research, policy, education, religion, international law, social discourse, and media to define, broaden, and protect human dignity within both public and private spheres. They also address the need for reconstituting the current discourses on dignity to align them more effectively with the intellectual, moral, emotional, and spiritual capacities and concerns that animate the lives of human beings, ultimately gesturing towards a framework for ensuring that each member of the human race will be able to enjoy the conditions that are required if each person is to have the opportunity to realize their full human potential. For its rigorous interdisciplinary inquiry into this deceptively simple concept and for its practical implications for those pursuing real-world solutions, Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Human Dignity and Human Rights is essential reading for researchers and students working within international relations, legal and global studies, philosophy, peace and conflict studies, and human rights and humanitarian law.

The relationship between human rights and justice is significant, deep, and ultimately contested. The two terms themselves – human rights and justice – have experienced both conceptual and operational pushback from many quarters in recent years. Although an understanding of justice is inherent in broad human rights discourses, there is no clear consensus on how to integrate and reconcile these concepts – both as a means of advancing knowledge and as a mechanism for the development of sound and effective policy at the global, regional, and national levels. Further, expansions of the boundaries of both human rights and justice make any clear and settled understanding of the relation difficult to ascertain. This volume tackles these issues in a coherent and complementary manner. It examines a range of philosophical, economic, and social perspectives that are key to understanding the nature of the linkages between human rights and justice, written by scholars who are at varying stages of their careers, and whose ongoing work has sparked dialogue and exchange within and across these fields. This work will be of interest to students and scholars of human rights, international relations and ethics.