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Principles of Public Policy Practice was written with policy makers, concerned citizens, and students of public policy in mind. Striving to avoid technical language, the author introduces a new paradigm that starts from the commonality of human nature and the assumption that public policy should be impartial. Rather than playing the interests of one group versus those of another, he argues convincingly that public policy should aim at enhancing the ex ante welfare for everyone if everyone did not know the position or the identity one would assume. Using this conceptual device of the representative individual, the analysis readily leads to policy implications that are both reasonable and concrete in diverse areas ranging from health care, crime and punishment to macroeconomic and financial market stability. The book concludes with a chapter summarizing the various principles of public policy practice that will meet the challenges of the new millennium. These principles, certainly of interest to academics in social sciences who are studying public policy, political economy, international financial systems, and capital markets, should appeal equally to practitioners, including public policy makers, consultants, advisers, administrators, and public service trade unions.

'Fumio Kishida's Japan'offers a comprehensive examination of how Japan's current Prime Minister steers his nation through complex domestic and international challenges in an increasingly uncertain world. The book masterfully weaves together three crucial aspects of Kishida's governance: his'New Capitalism'economic reforms, diplomatic responses to regional tensions, and efforts to modernize Japanese society while preserving traditional values. Through detailed analysis of policy documents and expert interviews, the work illuminates how Kishida's distinctive leadership style combines pragmatic economic policies with strategic diplomatic engagement. The narrative begins with Kishida's rise to power in 2021, providing essential context about Japan's political landscape and the Liberal Democratic Party's influence. It explores how his administration tackles pressing challenges such as demographic decline, economic stagnation, and regional security concerns, particularly in relation to China and the Indo-Pacific region. The book's analysis is particularly valuable for its insight into how domestic policy choices directly influence international relations, especially in areas like defense spending and economic partnerships. Drawing from government archives and first-hand accounts from policymakers, the book presents a balanced view of controversial topics such as constitutional reform and nuclear energy policy. It serves as an essential resource for policymakers, business leaders, and anyone interested in understanding Japan's evolving role in global politics. The author's approach maintains analytical rigor while remaining accessible, making complex policy discussions comprehensible for readers interested in Asian politics and international relations.

'Rishi Sunak's UK'offers a comprehensive analysis of Britain's first British-Asian Prime Minister's leadership during a pivotal period of economic and political transformation since 2022. The book meticulously examines how Sunak's distinct approach to governance, characterized by fiscal orthodoxy and pragmatic diplomacy, represents a significant departure from his predecessors'styles while addressing pressing challenges including post-pandemic inflation and evolving international relations. Through a blend of quantitative economic data and qualitative analysis drawn from Treasury documents, parliamentary records, and policymaker interviews, the book presents a three-part exploration of Sunak's premiership. Beginning with his background as Chancellor and economic philosophy, it progresses through his key economic initiatives and inflation management strategies, before examining Britain's international positioning under his leadership. The analysis particularly focuses on crucial policy decisions such as the 2022 Autumn Statement and energy price interventions. What sets this work apart is its interdisciplinary approach, connecting economic policy decisions with their diplomatic implications while maintaining academic rigor and accessibility. The book provides valuable insights for politicians, policy makers, and informed citizens by examining how domestic economic choices influence international relationships in an increasingly complex global environment. Its comprehensive evaluation of Sunak's technocratic leadership style and its impact on British governance offers readers a unique perspective on contemporary UK politics and economic policy-making.

'Ebrahim Raisi's Iran'offers a comprehensive analysis of Iran's dramatic political transformation under its eighth president, examining how his leadership marks a significant shift from moderate policies to a more assertive stance aligned with revolutionary principles.The book meticulously explores three interconnected themes: Raisi's power consolidation within Iran's complex political system, his economic vision amid international sanctions, and Iran's evolving diplomatic strategy in an increasingly multipolar world. Drawing from diplomatic cables, policy documents, and expert interviews, the book provides unprecedented insights into Iran's political structure and decision-making processes.Particularly noteworthy is its examination of Iran's strategic pivot toward stronger relationships with China and Russia, while managing Western tensions over its nuclear program and sanctions resistance. The analysis demonstrates how Raisi's domestic governance directly influences Iran's international relations and regional stability in the Middle East.The book progresses logically from Raisi's rise to power through his economic policies and diplomatic initiatives, maintaining scholarly rigor while remaining accessible to general readers interested in Middle Eastern politics and international relations. By connecting political science, economics, and international relations, it offers a unique perspective on how religious authority intersects with modern governance systems and economic policy, making it an invaluable resource for policy makers, analysts, and informed readers seeking to understand contemporary Iran's role in global geopolitics.

This open access book focuses on the geopolitical competition in the South China Sea, an area with highly concentrated choke points in the Indo-Pacific, presenting ideas and recommendations to manage this competition and foster cooperation to maintain a peaceful and stable environment and promote sustainable governance of the South China Sea and of the Indo-Pacific in a broader sense. The increasingly complex geopolitics of the Indo-Pacific has made the South China Sea the epicenter of strategic competition between the great powers, with a rising China on the one hand and the United States, its allies, and partners on the other. In this strategic chessboard, the South China Sea is a test of resilience of the rules-based international order, such as versus grey zone operations, as well as disruptive technological developments in both traditional and non-traditional domains. The book incorporates foreign policy analysis methods to analyze and forecast key players'goals, intentions, and behaviors within the competitive strategic environment of the South China Sea. The success or failure of managing major power competition in the South China Sea, one of the hot spots of the Indo-Pacific region, will determine the future structure of international relations. In addition, as a dynamically developing region of the world, promoting collaborative ideas, particularly in areas related to conflict management is essential for maintaining a peaceful and stable environment, restoring economic growth, and progressing toward a sustainable future. This book is of interest to politicians, policy-makers, experts, scholars, researchers, and other readers who are interested in how regional issues can shape the global order.

'Freedom-Focused Homes'presents a comprehensive analysis of global migration opportunities for those prioritizing personal liberties and democratic values in their relocation decisions. This data-driven guide examines fifteen primary countries and thirty secondary options through the critical lenses of civil liberties, economic stability, and integration policies, helping readers make informed choices about international relocation based on their commitment to personal freedom. The book combines rigorous analysis of constitutional protections, press freedoms, and judicial independence with practical insights into residency programs and citizenship pathways. Statistical comparisons of quality-of-life metrics and civil liberty indices provide readers with concrete measures for evaluation, while case studies of successful relocations offer real-world perspectives on the integration process. Particular attention is paid to nations with stable banking systems, transparent tax structures, and strong property rights, making the content especially valuable for professionals, entrepreneurs, and families seeking stable democracies for relocation. Moving systematically from broad political analysis to specific economic considerations, the book maintains an objective, analytical approach while offering practical guidance. Each chapter concludes with action items and consideration checklists, enabling readers to evaluate potential destinations against their personal criteria. The integration of political science, economics, and social psychology provides a multi-dimensional perspective on how personal freedoms correlate with economic prosperity and social stability, making this an invaluable resource for anyone contemplating international relocation to freedom-focused nations.

This book analyses how sustainability affects internal decision-making within the European Union and its external relations in working towards achieving its long-term goal of a climate-neutral Europe by 2050.Applying the term'European environmental conscience'as the perception of environmental degradation leading to a growing public awareness of the issues, a notion of common responsibility, and European institutions dealing with these growing concerns, the book investigates its emergence as a lever for deeper European integration and in fostering a genuine European identity. Examining policy areas such as green finance, innovation policies, and foreign policy, it reveals the impact these concerns have for other policy fields.This book is of key interest to scholars and students of environmental economics and politics, sustainability governance, green finance, climate policy, energy policy, and more broadly, to European studies and international relations.

This book examines the expansion of climate governance frameworks in the EU and US and their re-framing as part of green industrial programs.Addressing research on how vectors of stability and punctuation interact to advance or block policy progress, the book breaks new ground by presenting a theoretical framework suitable to integrate insights of comparative research and “sui generis” accounts of climate policy as a variable and multi-dimensional issue. In its empirical part, it compares two contrasting trajectories of climate policy-making: namely, the adaptation of the European Green Deal agenda to the exogenous shocks of the Covid pandemic and war in Ukraine through its NextGen and REPowerEU programs; and the launch of green industrial policies targeting infrastructure (Bipartisan Infrastructure Law) and inflation reduction (Inflation Reduction Act) in the US. Finally discussing to what degree the EU and US show signs of convergence towards a new type of climate policy from opposed starting points, the book identifies future research agendas around the topics of climate policy integration and politicization.This book will be of key interest to scholars, students and practitioners of climate change governance, EU and US politics, environmental politics and comparative politics.

This book examines the European Union's (EU's) norm and policy diffusion in relation to the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN).By looking at the EU'engagement with ASEAN in trade and non-traditional security, the book analyzes the drivers, processes, and effectiveness of the EU's norm and policy diffusion in ASEAN and explains the EU's foreign policy and power projection in the context of its relationship with ASEAN. In doing so, it helps to advance knowledge about the EU'external relations and power projection in relation to regional political entities beyond its immediate borders and affords firsthand empirical material on how the EU's power in global politics is impacted by external perceptions and responses in different policy fields.This book will be of key interest to scholars, students, and practitioners of EU foreign policy, EU–SEAN relations, and ASEAN politics and more broadly to European Studies, Comparative Regionalism, Asian Studies, and International Relations

This book explores realist theories—also called power politics approaches, formulations of systems theories, and game theory in International Relations (IR). The first section of the book focuses on theories of Early Classical Realism—Thucydides, Machiavelli, and Hobbes, and two Asian exponents—Kautilya and Han Fei Tzu. It covers the rise and fall of different schools of imperial geopolitics including those developed during the Cold-War and postmodern periods. It also discusses theories proposed by three stalwarts of Neoclassical Realism— Niebuhr, Carr, and Morgenthau; the Neorealism of Waltz; Strategic Realism of Schelling; and Offensive Realism of Mearsheimer. The book also examines theoretic formulations of Kaplan, Modelski, Rosecrance, McClelland, Holsti, and Singer, as well as game theory and its relevance and application in international relations. It explores diverse variants of theories of power in international relations through a critical readings of texts and IR literature. This book will be of interest to researchers and students of political science, international relations, history and law.

The European question has divided the Labour Party and the progressive left for over 50 years. The contemporary left-wing antithesis to the EU harks back to Bennite anti-marketeer narratives: a neoliberal EU undermines the potential for national progressive policies in relation to labour markets, state intervention and finance. However, many make the case that the EU's four freedoms support a progressive politics: the single market project embeds social and workers'rights, challenges member state support for large corporate interests and facilitates free movement for EU citizens. There is, in short, a progressive dilemma for the British left in relation to the European issue, which the authors navigate through the analysis of four policy issues that arose during the Brexit debate and remain significant for British politics and for the left in particular: free trade and the single market, industrial policy and state aid, free movement of persons and finance. Crucially, they point to a route beyond this dilemma for both Europe and the British left.

A far-reaching examination of how America came to treat street and corporate crime so differently. While America incarcerates its most marginalized citizens at an unparalleled rate, the nation has never developed the capacity to consistently prosecute corporate wrongdoing. Dual Justice unearths the intertwined histories of these two phenomena and reveals that they constitute more than just modern hypocrisy. By examining the carceral and regulatory states'evolutions from 1870 through today, Anthony Grasso shows that America's divergent approaches to street and corporate crime share common, self-reinforcing origins. During the Progressive Era, scholars and lawmakers championed naturalized theories of human difference to justify instituting punitive measures for poor offenders and regulatory controls for corporate lawbreakers. These ideas laid the foundation for dual justice systems: criminal justice institutions harshly governing street crime and regulatory institutions governing corporate misconduct. Since then, criminal justice and regulatory institutions have developed in tandem to reinforce politically constructed understandings about who counts as a criminal. Grasso analyzes the intellectual history, policy debates, and state and federal institutional reforms that consolidated these ideas, along with their racial and class biases, into America's legal system.

One of the primary goals of the 1970s-era conservative legal movement was to undo New Deal policies that favored labor at the expense of capital. One of the movement's most effective strategies turned out to be advancing bipartisan legislation on arbitration and convincing the courts that settling disputes that way was preferable to litigation. Today, most consumers and employees today are bound by arbitration agreements, in which they are required to submit all future grievances to a private, binding system of arbitration and forfeit access to the legal system. Arbitration as originally conceived well over a century ago, however, stands in stark contrast to the arbitration in practice today. What changed is that Congress, the Supreme Court, and the private sector began to promote its use in the late twentieth century as a means of protecting corporate and other powerful institutional defendants from the costs of litigation and government regulation itself. How did arbitration shift from providing a low cost, less adversarial, and more efficient way of handling disputes between entities of equal bargaining power to a private, non-reviewable, compulsory forum for resolving disputes between individuals and corporations, often on unilateral terms? By examining the broader institutional, political, and legal dynamics that shaped and enabled these processes of change over the past 150 years, Privatizing Justice examines how this transformation came about. The product of a broad range of actors and institutions interacting with each other--Congress, presidents, the courts, the administrative state, interest groups, and the business community-the system that emerged has not only transformed the American state in profound ways but exacerbated economic inequality and eroded democracy.

This book comprehensively examines the financial and economic aspects of the ‘sustainability transitions'demanded by the primary components of the European Green Deal.It asks how the EU has been dealing with the allocation of resources to foster the sustainability transition, how the additional transformations required by the ‘climate emergency'will be financed and which actors (businesses, governments, citizens) will pay and how. Looking at how the EU has been managing this over time, through changes in the Environment Action Programmes, Structural Funds, or the Multiannual Financial Framework, this book examines policy priorities and analyses the different instruments proposed as part of this evolving context, including market support instruments for renewable energies and the creation of new instruments, such as Climate Awareness Bonds. It also highlights new developments, such as the debate on the role of environmental taxes, or the uneven development across Member States of green financial instruments. This book presents an evolving puzzle into the limited possibilities of the EU to deploy resources that contribute to the overarching goal of achieving a low-carbon economy and illustrates the need for acceptance towards changes and compromises that are required from all affected stakeholders.This book will be of key interest to scholars, students and practitioners of sustainable development, climate governance and EU politics, and more broadly to those working on European Studies, economics, politics, international relations or public policy.

Written by a team of leading China specialists, this updated 2nd edition of Chinese Politics explores the dynamics of state power and politics in contemporary China, focusing on the Xi Jinping era.Through its multi-disciplinary contributions, this book explores the extent to which Xi has reshaped the political, economic, socio-cultural, and demographic terrains of the PRC, as well as Beijing's foreign policy. The book will help readers to think productively about the trajectory of these aspects of Chinese politics and society through Xi's current term and beyond. The book also highlights the potential role outside countries and non-state actors might play in shaping China's trajectory as the PRC's economic rise may be stalling. Through each exploration of these issues, the book addresses the central question of what The Xi Jinping Difference has been, and will likely continue to be, in Chinese politics.Key subjects covered in this new edition include: Law and the political system Socialization of youth The fate of the private sector Technology and digital authoritarianism The Belt and Road Initiative Population aging Chinese Politics continues to be an essential textbook for all students of contemporary China as well as scholars interested in the dynamics of political and social change.

The Governance of Financialization in Latin America and East Asia analyses how states in these areas have adopted different monetary, financial, and foreign exchange policies to govern financialization, which have induced varying levels of state control over financial markets.The book analyzes the puzzling observation of policy divergence by investigating how countries have reacted differently to major financial crises since the 1970s. It shows how Argentina and Japan selected a governance approach to financialization that followed Western prescriptions by propelling unregulated financialization; but also how Chile and South Korea, by contrast, crafted policies to reduce the negative effects of financialization on economic development and financial stability. The book identifies variegated expertise in central banks, ministries of finance, expert commissions, and research institutions that has informed policymaking across Argentina, Chile, Japan, and South Korea since the 1970s. It then demonstrates how governments have used experts to achieve diverse political objectives and explains how governments can use experts to enhance state agency to counter globalization pressures.This book will appeal to scholars of International Political Economy, comparative politics, economics, sociology, development studies, and Latin American and East Asian history. It will also be of interest to economists and policymakers who want to safeguard financial stability and promote economic growth.

Shaping Nations and Markets employs a mixed methods approach to contend that economic ideas, organization of domestic interests and their economic power, asymmetries of information, and political institutions do not sufficiently explain the formation of national interests in processes of trade liberalization.The author proposes that something is missing—identity capital—which also empowers economic sectors that share either liberalizing or protectionist interests. Identity capital is an economic sector's contribution to the stability of a national identity narrative; it correlates with the degree to which the workforce of any sector represents the dominant conception of national identity. Identity capital creates political power asymmetries among those sectors and impacts the formation of populist movements in both developed and developing states. This book offers a theoretical framework to unpack national identity, trade liberalization, nationalist-populism, domestic politics, and globalization. The author argues that the key for identifying whether liberalizing or protectionist coalitions prevail in trade negotiations is identity capital. He offers a comparison of the three largest contemporary, federal, multicultural democracies: Brazil, India, and the United States, from the Doha Development Round of the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 2001, to the rise of populism in these countries in recent years.This book will be of great interest to graduate students and scholars of international relations, international studies, political science, comparative politics, and economic sociology.

International Security: Threats, Theories, and Transformation maps out security studies, the subdiscipline of discipline of International Relations (IR), which has strong topics and dynamic structure, but this, and almost everything in the globalization process is changing or transforming rapidly. This situation also affects the field of IR and security studies. New concepts are entering literature, traditional thought patterns are not enough to understand and make sense of the IR discipline. In addition to traditional security issues such as terrorism and war, new security areas emerging with the process of globalization are also comprehensively analyzed in this book. These include energy security, cyber security, environmental security, health security, economic security, food security, demographic security and irregular migration.

A cross-cultural analysis of the abortion issue in the United States and Canada. The book focuses on: the judicial, legislative and executive branches; public opinion and interest groups; federal agencies; and the roles of subnational authorities and the health care sectors.

Introduction to Global Politics, Fourth Edition, is an accessible, comprehensive, and well-written introductory textbook which emphasizes the evolution of major global issues from the past to the present. By integrating theory and political practice at individual, state, and global levels, students are introduced to key developments in global politics, helping them make sense of major trends that are shaping our world. This completely revised and updated edition includes new material on: the dramatic shift in US policies under President Donald Trump and the post-Trump moves to redo the global scene the coronavirus pandemic and its impact around the world Brexit, and its consequences for the European Union the rise of China and Russia in the international order technological developments in weaponry and the militarization of outer space the growing importance of the politics of identity, the environment, nationalism and populism while retaining much of the structure and many of the features of past editions, including a revised range of faculty and student aids– a test bank, flashcards, glossary, web links, PowerPoint slides, chapter outlines, suggested video clips, map exercises, cultural references, and boxed features Stimulating and provocative, the book is designed to appeal to students and instructors interested in international relations as a broadly defined, multidisciplinary subject encompassing politics, history, economics, military science, psychology, sociology, anthropology, and philosophy.

The Affordable Care Act (ACA), the sweeping health care reform enacted by the Obama Administration in 2010, continues to be a contentious policy at the center of highly polarized political debates. Both before and after the law's passage, political elites on both sides of the issue attempted to sway public opinion through two traditional approaches: messaging and policymaking itself. They operated under the assumption that the public's personal experiences toward the law would make them more favorable. Yet these tried-and-true methods have had limited influence on public attitudes toward the ACA. Public opinion towards the ACA remained stable from 2010 to 2016, with more Americans opposing the law than supporting it. It was only after Donald Trump was elected in 2016 and the prospect of the law being repealed became a reality that public opinion swung in favor of the ACA. If traditional methods of influencing public opinion had little impact on attitudes towards the ACA, what did? In Stable Condition, political scientist Daniel J. Hopkins draws on survey data from 2009 to 2020 to assess how a variety of factors such as personal experience, political messaging, and partisanship did or did not affect public opinion on the ACA. Hopkins finds that although personal experience with the ACA's Medicaid expansion increased favorability among low-income Americans, it did not have a broader overall impact on public opinion. Personal experience with the Health Insurance Marketplace did not increase wider support for the ACA either. Due to the complex nature of the law, users of the Marketplace often did not realize they were benefiting from the ACA. Therefore, perceptions of the Marketplace were shaped by high-profile issues with the enrollment website and opposition to the individual mandate. These experiences ultimately offset one another, resulting in little discernable change in public opinion overall. Hopkins argues that political polarization was also responsible for elite's limited influence and that public opinion on the ACA was largely determined by partisanship and political affiliation. Americans quickly aligned with their party's stance on the law and were resistant to changing their beliefs despite the efforts of political elites. Stable Condition is an illuminating examination of the limits of elites'influence and the forces that shaped public opinion about the Affordable Care Act.

This book offers a unique assessment of the G20's development agenda and its potential to be an impactful actor in the global architecture of development cooperation. Representing two-thirds of the world population, 85 percent of economic output, 75 percent of global trade, and 80 percent of carbon dioxide emissions, the G20 embodies an overwhelming concentration of economic and political power, enhanced through regular meetings of heads of state and government. This position allows it the opportunity to play a significant role in ongoing multilateral policy processes, but also to further undermine universal development governance at the UN, already challenged by the Bretton Woods institutions, OECD and G8. Providing context and a history of the G20's involvement in development governance, expert international contributors consider the outcome of major conferences, the perspectives of China, India, and the EU, the shift away from positions held by Western countries and the role of civil society. They also offer in-depth analysis of the G20's engagement with issues concerning infrastructure, food and agriculture, taxation, macro-economic policy and the Sustainable Development Goals. The book will be of interest to scholars and students of development, international organisations and global governance.

The Routledge Handbook of Political Parties provides a systematic and comprehensive overview of the study of political parties provided by leading experts in the field. In an era of widespread political disillusionment, political parties are often the main targets of citizen dissatisfaction, yet they are the key institutions that make democracy work. Analysing political parties in unrivalled depth and breath, with comparative thematic chapters throughout, as well as a dedicated section on political parties and party politics in specific country and regional settings, this handbook examines and illuminates the key questions around: how parties organise; how their ideologies have evolved over time; their relationship with society; how they differentiate themselves and how they respond to new social, economic, and political developments. The Routledge Handbook of Political Parties is essential reading and an authoritative reference for scholars, students, researchers and practitioners involved in and actively concerned about research in the study of political parties, party systems, and party politics.

This book looks at the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on migrants globally who bear disproportionate burdens of health disparities. Centering the voices of migrants as anchors for theorizing health, the chapters adopt an array of decolonizing and interventionist methodologies that offer conceptual communicative resources for re-organizing economics, politics, culture, and society in logics of care. Each chapter focuses on the health of migrants during the pandemic, highlighting the role of communication in amplifying and solving the health crisis experienced by migrants. The chapters draw together various communicative resources and practices tied to migrant negotiations of precarity and exclusion. Health is situated amidst the forces of authoritarianism, disinformation, hate, and exploitation targeting migrant bodies. The book builds a narrative archive witnessing this fundamental geopoliticalrupture in the 21st century, documenting the violence built into the zeitgeist of labor exploitation amidst neoliberal transformations, situating health with the extractive and exploitative forms of organizing migrant labor. The book is essential reading for advanced undergraduate or graduate courses for scholars studying critical and global health, development, and participatory communication, migration, globalization, international and intercultural communication interested in the questions of precarity and marginality of health during pandemics.

This book analyses and explains the nature of the economies of small countries and territories. It includes an assessment of material prosperity in 41 small open economies worldwide, with case studies focusing on the Caribbean and Central America, with a review of the development of their economies in recent decades. The volume recommends a suite of economic policy tools for the management of these economies, demonstrating how these may best be employed in economies that live and breathe through international commerce. Among observations of interest is the fact that the devaluation of the local currency of a small nation makes the country worse off; even a currency that maintains its value is little more than a trophy, of little value if it is not readily convertible into US dollars. Also, that while government policies affect international competitiveness and a small country's growth prospects, more important is how governments use additional resources to improve the quality of health and educational services. Moreover, economic windfalls such as the discovery of mineral resources seldom bring prosperity commensurate with their economic value, and never in the short run.The volume will offer invaluable information and analysis to researchers and policy makers investigating small open economies.

Financial Times Best Summer Books of 2023'Essential reading'Tony Blair A revelatory, myth-dispelling exploration of Chinaxe2x80x99s juggernaut economy Although Chinaxe2x80x99s economy is one of the largest in the world, Western understanding of it is often based on dated assumptions and incomplete information. In The New China Playbook, Keyu Jin burrows deep into the mechanisms of a unique system, taking a nuanced, clear-eyed, and data-based look inside. From the far-reaching and unexpected consequences of Chinaxe2x80x99s one-child policy to the governmentxe2x80x99s complex relationship with entrepreneurs, from its boisterous financial system to its latest push for technological innovation, Jin reveals the frequently misunderstood dynamics at play. China is entering a new era, soon to be shaped by a radically different younger generation. As it strives to move beyond the confines of conventional socialism stained by shortages and capitalism hindered by inequality, the world is about to witness the emergence of a completely new dynamic between two diametrically opposite systems. The thorough understanding of Chinaxe2x80x99s playbook that Jin provides will be essential for anyone hoping to interpret the nationxe2x80x99s future economic and political strategy. While Chinaxe2x80x99s rise on the world stage has stirred a wide range of emotions, one thing is certain: a deep understanding is essential for successfully navigating the global economy in the twenty-first century.

Against the backdrop of a more differentiated European Union, this book discusses the relationship between differentiation and domination in the EU in relation to how it has been transformed through the financial and refugee crises, the COVID-19 pandemic, the Russian invasion of Ukraine, and in general, a more volatile and less rule-bound global context.In doing so, it assesses to what extent these adaptations represent significant change, generating new problems and challenges, or on the other hand, providing an opportunity for new solutions or even signalling a new approach to governance that can mitigate problems associated with domination. Differentiation is discussed not only from a legal perspective, but with special attention to structural and institutional arrangements, which includes patterns of path dependence and built-in biases.This book will be of key interest to scholars and students of public sector crisis management, international organisations, and EU politics and studies.

This book is a comprehensive introduction to the theories and recent debates on international political economy (IPE). It illustrates the theoretical ideas of the discipline and provides an in-depth understanding of regional and global political economy.The book focusses on the functioning of states and the economy within the perspective of world politics. It explores the theories realism, liberalism, liberal interdependence, hegemonic stability and dependency vis-à-vis the contemporary global economic and political scenario. It provides a historical overview of the developments in the field and study of IPE, institutions such as the International Monetary Fund, World Bank and World Trade Organization; the effects of globalization; the movement of capital; and the contested relationship between human development and democracy. The book examines the effects of neoliberal policies on the functioning of states and highlights the challenges and dilemmas of prioritizing development especially for developing countries. The author also looks at regional formations like the EU, NAFTA, ASEAN, SAARC, APEC and BRICS and their contributions to political and economic cooperation and trade.The book will be useful to the students, researchers and faculty working in the fields of political economy, international relations, economics, political science and development studies.

Completely revised and updated, this textbook continues to offer the most comprehensive resource available. Concise chapters from a diverse mix of established and emerging global scholars offer accessible, in-depth coverage of the history and theories of international organization and global governance and discussions of the full range of state, intergovernmental, and non-state actors.All chapters have been revised and rewritten to reflect the rapid development of world events, with new chapters added on: Chinese approaches to international organization and global governance The UN System The Global South Sustaining the Peace Queering International Organization and Global Governance Post-colonial Global Governance The Sustainable Development Goals The English School Inequality Migration Divided into seven parts woven together by a comprehensive introduction, along with separate introductions to each part and helpful pointers to further reading, International Organization and Global Governance provides a balanced, critical perspective that enables readers to comprehend more fully the role of myriad actors in the governance of global life.

An unprecedented account of social stratification within the US legal profession. How do race, class, gender, and law school status condition the career trajectories of lawyers? And how do professionals then navigate these parameters? The Making of Lawyers'Careers provides an unprecedented account of the last two decades of the legal profession in the US, offering a data-backed look at the structure of the profession and the inequalities that early-career lawyers face across race, gender, and class distinctions. Starting in 2000, the authors collected over 10,000 survey responses from more than 5,000 lawyers, following these lawyers through the first twenty years of their careers. They also interviewed more than two hundred lawyers and drew insights from their individual stories, contextualizing data with theory and close attention to the features of a market-driven legal profession. Their findings show that lawyers'careers both reflect and reproduce inequalities within society writ large. They also reveal how individuals exercise agency despite these constraints.

This book provides a historical review of the transformation of China's image around the world since the 1978 Reform and Opening Up. Based on a synthetic model that the author constructs for evaluating national images, together with a historical review and quantitative analysis, it discusses the issues and challenges confronting China's image around the world since the Opening Up. To help rectify the situation that most of the research on China's reform efforts focuses on hard power (esp. economic power), this book, which mainly focuses on China's soft power, reviews and assesses its global image from the three perspectives of politics, economy and culture. In the process, it sheds valuable new light on the presentation of China's image and the world's perceptions of China.

The book studies multilateral population security issues and relevant governance strategies caused by international migration in the countries impacted by China's Belt and Road initiative and their border areas.Buttressed by solid data mining and policy analysis, the title looks into the demographic trends of international migration in China and some Asian Belt and Road countries and stresses the urgency for more effective governance practices. Seeking to address the population security crisis triggered by the Initiative, the authors propose the idea of “multilateral population security governance”, grounded in the real-world challenges facing Belt and Road countries while also drawing on experiences of migration governance in western countries. As a new governance model, it calls for cross-border joint action and takes into consideration pertinent factors including economy, politics, culture, religion and commerce. Several case studies and comparative studies are offered in the chapters to illuminate the significance and effect of this cooperative mechanism.The book will be of interest to researchers and government officials interested in non-traditional security, international migration and formal demography as well as topics on population, resources and environment.

This volume presents an interdisciplinary reflection on the SARS-COV-2 pandemic and its consequences elaborated in real-time. It embodies the University of Palermo's values and mission by bringing together academics of very diverse disciplinary fields on an issue that is disrupting all aspects of individual and community existence. This volume captures the voices of academics during the pandemic, allowing to crystallize the discourses that are emerging in a wide variety of scientific fields as events unfold and knowledge is rapidly evolving. They share the belief that to shed adequate light on the complex and multifaceted phenomenon of the COVID-19 pandemic and its consequences necessarily requires the adoption of an interdisciplinary approach, the consideration of a multiplicity of perspectives, and of a variety of levels of analysis. The organization of the single contributions in chapters allows the exchange of different perspectives, whilst conveying a general overall frameworkto the interpretation of the many facets of the changes and crisis generated by COVID-19.The volume addresses both academics and professionals dealing with the processes and the consequences brought forth by the pandemic and presents a solid example of the commitment an academic institution should devote to society and communities.

Poverty is a serious problem in the United States, more so than commonly imagined, and more so than in other industrialized nations. Most Americans adhere to an individualistic perspective: they believe poverty is largely the result of people being deficient in intelligence, determination, education, and other personal traits. Poverty and Power, Fourth Edition challenges this viewpoint, arguing that poverty arises from the workings of four key structural systems—the economic, the political, the cultural, and the social—and ten obstacles to economic justice, including unaffordable housing, inaccessible health care, and racial and gender discrimination. The author argues that a renewed war on poverty can be successful, but only through a popular movement to bring about significant change in the workings of American economic, political, and cultural institutions. New to this EditionEnhanced conversation on why the cultural theory of poverty has such a strong appeal to the American public develops students'critical thinking skills (Chapter 3) New segment on the influence of job seekers'physical appearance on hiring decisions showing that success is not simply a matter of education, skills, and training (Chapter 4)New data on the “job availability problem” explains in detail why the monthly headline unemployment number is misleading, and new content on the 2021 upsurge of quits on the part of American workers portrays efforts on the part of ordinary people to improve their lives (Chapter 5)New content on how corporations have become increasingly assertive political players explores the dramatic increase in corporate lobbying efforts, the rise of billionaire political activists, and the creation of a powerful conservative political infrastructure in the United States (Chapter 6)Greater attention to racially segregated and resource-deprived Black communities covers the extraordinary hardships experienced by the residents of these areas, while a new section on the geographical isolation of the affluent discusses how isolation affects wealthy people's beliefs and perceptions about poverty and what policies they deem acceptable (Chapter 8)

The Challenge to Academic Freedom in Hungary: A Case Study in Culture War, Authoritarianism and Resistance presents a case study as to how an authoritarian regime like the one in Hungary seeks to tame academic freedom. Andrew Ryder probes the reasons for ideological conflict within the academy through concepts like ‘culture war'and authoritarian populism. He explores how the Orbán administration has introduced a series of reforms leading to limitations being placed on the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Gender Studies no longer being recognized by the State, the relocation of the Central European University because of government pressure and new reforms that ostensibly appear to give universities autonomy but critics assert are in fact changes that will lead to cronyism and pro-government interference in academic freedom.

Based on empirical studies of European energy and environmental policies, this book suggests that, in combination, these two policy fields form a consensus in the EU which might also become the basis for a new European ideology, namely European ‘sustainabilism'. It asks why an environmental conscience has grown since the late 1960s in the industrialised world and shows that whilst there is undeniable environmental degradation during this time, and that a European environmental conscience has mainly developed through successive steps of European integration in energy policy. In this connection between energy and the environmental we find one driver for European integration and indeed European identity. If sustainabilism should become a European ideology, it will substantially influence the way future Europeans will live. This book will be of key interest to scholars and students of European Studies, International Relations, Political Science, History, Economics, Sustainability Studies, Environmental and Energy Policies in Europe.

European integration efforts are on the brink of collapse. In its current state, the European Monetary Union is unintentionally acting more as a dis-integration factor than as a unifying element. Dirk Meyer provides descriptions, analyses and background information on the current crisis. The book is the result of more than ten years of work on the subject.

Proponents of cryptocurrency have argued it has the potential to drive economic prosperity and to help reimagine social benefits in many spaces across the world. However, as the knowledge and use of cryptocurrency increases, so do questions about trust, identity, privacy, and security. This new book connects the literature on public policy and cryptocurrency, asking: What are the governance and democracy implications of the rise in cryptocurrency use? Beginning with a conceptual overview of cryptocurrency and how governmental actions (or inaction) led to its creation, author Donovan Johnson argues that symbiotic relationships can and do exist among cryptocurrency, democracy, and governance in the public policy/administration domain. Principles such as equity and inclusion, efficiency and effectiveness, accountability, and quality of life are explored as conduits through which cryptocurrency interfaces with public policy, democracy, and good governance. This informative and insightful book covers a range of public policy and public administration issues, offering readers an understanding of how cryptocurrency intersects with democracy, governance, fiscal and monetary policies, economic growth, corruption, and privacy. Cryptocurrency and Public Policy will be of interest to students and scholars of public policy and administration, finance, economics, and business.

The study of Japanese politics is a vibrant field that has changed substantially over time. This work provides an in-depth exploration of current research. Moreover, it addresses theoretical questions and empirical issues that will guide research on Japan for years to come and thus serves as a key resource for scholars, students, and practitioners. Through more than 40 chapters by leading specialists, the Oxford Handbook of Japanese Politics examines major aspects of both domestic politics and international relations. In addition to providing a broad overview of contemporary Japanese politics, the chapters are united by a shared question: what is the nature and quality of Japanese democracy? Contributors consider this matter alongside their individual subjects, which together comprehensively address the central research topics of the field.

The Routledge Handbook of Differentiation in the European Union offers an essential collection of groundbreaking chapters reflecting on the causes and consequences of this complex phenomenon.With contributions from key experts in this subfield of European Studies, it will become a key volume used for those interested in learning the nuts and bolts of differentiation as a mechanism of (dis)integration in the European Union, especially in the light of Brexit. Organised around five key themes, it offers an authoritative'encyclopaedia'of differentiation and addresses questions such as: How can one define differentiation in the European Union in the light of the most recent events? Does differentiation create more challenges or opportunities for the European Union? Is Europe moving away from an'ever closer Union'and heading towards an'ever more differentiated Union', especially as leading political figures across Europe favour the use of differentiation to reconcile divergences between member states? This handbook is essential reading and an authoritative reference for scholars, students, researchers and practitioners involved in, and actively concerned about, research in the study of European integration. As European differentiation is multifaceted and involves a wide range of actors and policies, it will be of further interest to those working on countries and/or in policy areas where differentiation is an increasingly relevant feature.The Introduction and chapters 13, 21, 30, and 35 of this book is available for free in PDF format as Open Access from the individual product page at www.routledge.com. It has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.

This book explores the possibility and feasibility of building a new model of major-country relations between China and the United States, which is of great significance to the sound interaction between the two countries and the preservation of peace and stability of the world. In early June 2013, Chinese President Xi Jinping and US President Barack Obama reached a consensus on building a new model of major-country relations at the historical Sunny lands meeting in California. In the years that followed, the two leaders were committed to that goal despite the different interpretations in its substance. How is the new model of major-country relations conceptualized and developed? What renders it possible? Is the major-country conflict inevitable? These are the basic issues addressed in this book. Now, China-US relations are at a critical juncture. The international community is watching the world's two largest economies and is quite concerned about the future of one of the world's mostcomplicated bilateral relationships. This timely publication of Professor Tao Wenzhao provides us with a realistic approach to managing this vital relationship in a candid and balanced way.

Climate Crisis Economics draws on economics, political economy, scientific literature, and data to gauge the extent to which our various communities – political, economic, business – are making the essential leap to a new narrative and policy approach that will accelerate us towards the necessary transition to a decarbonized economy and sustainable future.The book draws out policies and practices with both national and local examples, which will demonstrate various complementary approaches that are empowering states and people as they seek to pursue the carbon neutral goal. The author delineates a climate crisis economics approach that is fit for purpose and which can help achieve necessary climate change goals in the decades ahead. Ensuring economic and ecological sustainability is neither easy nor cost-free; there is no single solution to the climate crisis. All aspects of our economies, policies, business, and personal practices must come into alignment in order to succeed. Frustratingly, we know what is needed and we have many of the technologies and systems to make the leap to a carbon neutral economy, yet we still fail to act with alacrity. Leaders, communities, and businesses must shift their narratives in how they talk about and think about the climate crisis. In doing so, in making the narrative leap to a new understanding about what is possible and necessary, we can stop endangering our common future and single, fragile, global habitat, and instead set the stage for Green Globalisation 2.0 and a new, sustainable industrial revolution.Climate Crisis Economics will appeal to academics, students, investors, and professionals from varying disciplines including politics, international political economy, and international economics. Written in an accessible voice, it draws on work in fields outside of and in addition to politics and economics to make a case for climate crisis economics as an approach to addressing the climate change challenge ahead.The Open Access version of this book, available at www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license. Thanks to the support of libraries working with Knowledge Unlatched www.knowledgeunlatched.org

The discovery of oil in the Gulf revolutionised its social and economic relationship with the West. This book provides a broad overview of foreign policy imperatives, an examination of three of the most important issues - the Iran-Iraq war, OPEC, socio-political extremism - and finally a closer inspection of three of the key players in that area: Oman, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates.

This book analyses the importance of the G20 to India, its role so far, and how it can leverage its presidency year to be an influential author of new global rules.In 2023, India will be the President of the G20 Summit, the world's most influential multilateral economic forum. For countries like India, the G20 is a unique global institution, where developed and developing countries have equal stature. This creates opportunities to showcase their global political, economic and intellectual leadership, have a significant impact on the global economic governance agenda and make it more inclusive. This volume discusses how the Presidency year gives India the opportunity to ‘… hold the pen, write the rules'and lead the G20 year intellectually, financially, managerially and administratively. It provides a ringside view of India's path to the G20 Presidency and examines issues such as the core agenda of the G20; explains the significance of forums like T20, B20, and their proliferations; India's journey as a marginal player in the G20 to its current status; issue of dedicated leadership and management; and India's Agenda for 2023.Topical, timely, important and lucidly written, this book in The Gateway House Guide to India in the 2020s series will be key reading for scholars and researchers of economics, multilaterals, global governance, strategic studies, defence studies, SAARC, UN Studies, foreign policy, international relations, international economics and international trade, as well as interest to policymakers, diplomats, career bureaucrats, and professionals working with think tanks, academia and multilateral agencies, and business.

This proceedings book addresses the main issues of contemporary political geography and international relations, providing a platform for discussion and collaboration of experts in the fields of Political Geography, Geopolitics, International Relations, etc. Participants from all over the world consider the controversies and challenges posed by globalization, focusing, in particular, on the ideologies of globalization and regionalism, migration crises, prevention of ethnic conflicts, and measures to promote sustainable development. The content of the book may be interesting to expert community, academics and popular audience.

This book offers comprehensive coverage of various aspects of financial accountability around the EU budget – how it is spent via policies, how institutions engage in checking policy performance (what taxpayers'money actually delivers), and therein, the issues of monitoring, controlling, auditing, scrutinising and communicating budgetary expenditure. Presenting conceptual and theoretical approaches including financial accountability, learning, multi-level governance, implementation and throughput legitimacy, it looks at EU institutions (European Parliament, European Court of Auditors, European Ombudsman, European Public Prosecutor's Office) and national bodies (supreme audit institutions at the national level), examining their contact with the EU budget. It details the historical development of accountability mechanisms (the ‘statement of assurance', financial corrections, and parliamentary oversight by the Budgetary Control Committee (CONT)), and examines policy areas such as those of agriculture, social policy and cohesion (including Structural Funds and the Common Agricultural Policy), exploring the challenges of financial accountability in practice. Given the recent introduction of non-budgetary financial instruments and tools only partly financed by the EU budget, it sheds light on new burgeoning areas such as the European Stability Mechanism (ESM) and the European Fund for Strategic Investment (EFSI) and the challenges they bring for ensuring the accountability of public money.This book will be of key interest to scholars and students of audit and evaluation, budgetary spending and financial control and, more broadly, public administration, public policy and EU institutions and politics.

In this perceptive book, David Keeling analyzes Argentinas changing position in the modern world economy against the backdrop of the countrys regional development processes. Combining systematic and area-based approaches, he discusses international and national trends that have shaped the social and economic geography of Argentina in profound and fundamental ways. Drawing on recent census data as well as on material from the Menem government, Keeling also explores whether Argentinas participation in the new world government has adversely affected environmental, labor, and social conditions. Since 1989, Argentina has experienced perhaps its most significant period of change since federation in 1880. Under the leadership of Carlos Menem and the Justicialista political party, contemporary Argentina is emerging from the chaos of long-term instability to reassert itself as a viable player in both regional and global systems.

This edited volume explores the opportunities and challenges facing the European Union in the future from different disciplines and assesses the EU's prospects across various policy areas. Using the European Commission's 2017 White Paper presenting five different scenarios for the future of Europe to 2050 as an organising framework for analysis and debate, the volume reflects upon the drivers of the EU's future, including its changing place in an evolving world, a transformed economy and society, heightened threats and concerns about security and borders, and questions of trust and legitimacy. The concluding chapter summarises and compares the findings to determine which of the scenarios is the most instructive to understand and plan European Futures to 2050, and beyond. This book will be of key interest to scholars and students of European integration, EU politics/studies, and more broadly international relations, as well as European policy-makers.

The UK's chronic housing shortage is lowering the quality of life for millions, turning the British dream of home ownership into a cruel nightmare – not least for'generation rent'. Countless vulnerable families are meanwhile being deprived of access to decent social housing, causing homelessness to spiral. In this searing polemic, Liam Halligan offers radical solutions to the most urgent political issue of our times. Fully updated, with a foreword from former Chancellor Sajid Javid and drawing on extensive interviews with Cabinet ministers, civil servants, leading developers and struggling homebuyers across the country, Home Truths is a no-holds-barred critique of the UK's housing crisis.

This book propounds the thesis that it was the dysfunction of globalization and liberalism that prompted the rise of nationalism and populism. Recent developments in global affairs are challenging assumptions and the basis upon which international relations, as a broad field of specialization, and foreign policy analysis, as a sub-field, rests. In a world that is changing in fundamental and irreversible ways, this book intervenes to enable an improved sense of understanding of these developments and what they mean for people-people, state-state, continent-continent, and global relations, moving forward. The author shows anti-globalization and the growth of nationalism and populism have been particularly necessitated by the failures of liberalism and America's abdication from the world. With reference to Brexit, the pandemic, the US 2020 elections and consequent shifts in power, with a focus on their respective impacts on Africa, and Africa-Sino relations particularly, and developing countries, more broadly, this book situates these discussions within a global context. It effectively illustrates the insufficiency of the West's soft power, especially as it is foisted or supposedly imposed on the rest of the world without regard to the demands of cultural relativity. Relevant to postgraduate students, researchers, and policymakers, this is must-read within the fields of international relations and political economy.