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This sixth edition of Writing Philosophy Papers updates and expands one of the most popular guides to philosophical writing assignments for undergraduate students. Written in a clear, straightforward style, the book covers everything from time management to the difference between “i.e.” and “e.g.”The heart of the book is devoted to how to write a thesis-defense paper, with chapters on the structure of a strong paper, the process of writing and revising, matters of style and usage, and scholarly citation. This advice is illustrated with concrete examples throughout, including a complete thesis-defense paper written and formatted according to the book's recommendations.The book also covers how to take good notes from various kinds of philosophical sources, how to write other commonly assigned kinds of papers, and how to study for and take a philosophy exam. A chapter on doing philosophical research contains practical advice on how to discover and access the most helpful sources for a philosophical research paper or annotated bibliography. Because virtually every philosophy assignment requires a basic grasp of arguments, the book ends with a chapter introducing some basic concepts and skills for reasoning well.The heart of the sixth edition has been revised and restructured to lead students even more clearly through the process of drafting, revising, and formatting a thesis-defense paper. This new edition also includes:• an updated, completely revised, and expanded chapter on citing sources, giving equal consideration to print and online sources;• an updated, completely revised, and expanded chapter on doing philosophical research, focused on how to find the most helpful sources for completing a philosophical research paper or annotated bibliography;• updated, revised, and greatly expanded advice on writing style and usage;• a completely revised and expanded treatment of good reasoning, with a new discussion of inductive and abductive reasoning; and• new advice on how to take good notes and how to study for and take philosophy exams.

The years covered by this volume of the Collected Papers of Bertrand Russell were among the most productive, philosophically speaking, of Russell's entire career. In addition to the papers reprinted here, he bought Principia Mathematica to its finished form and wrote The Problems of Philosophy, Theory of Knowledge and Knowledge of the External World. In October 1910 he began teaching at Cambridge, having accepted an appointment as lecturer in logic and the principles of mathematics at Trinity College for a term of five years. A year later Ludwig Wittgenstein began to attend his lectures. Within a few months he was influencing Russell's philosophical thinking as much as, or more than, Russell was influencing his.

In Collected Papers 21 Bertrand Russell grapples with the dilemma that confronted all opponents of militarism and war in the 1930s—namely, what was the most politically and morally appropriate response to international aggression. How to Keep the Peace contains some of Russell's best-known essays, such as the famous Auto-obituary and his treatment of The Superior Virtue of the Oppressed. Like the sixteen previous volumes in Routledge's critical edition of Russell's shorter writings, however, Collected Papers 21 also includes a number of unpublished manuscripts from the Bertrand Russell Archives at McMaster University. Moreover, it recovers for Russell scholars and general readers alike a rich vein of material that has previously appeared in print only in obscure or long-defunct newspaper and periodical publications.

The Collected Papers of Bertrand Russell, Volume 15 assembles Russell's writings on his experiences of visiting and reflecting on Russia and China.Having emerged from the Great War determined to prevent another armed conflict, Russell became a champion of international socialism as the antidote to the destructive forces of nationalism and capitalism. His quest for international reconstruction led to two enduring experiences, his trip first to Bolshevik Russia in 1920 and then to divided China in 1920-21. These letters describe those experiences which confirmed his emergence as a popular commentator on contemporary political issues.The volume includes two unpublished papers on Russell's trip to Russia.

This volume collects together Russell's philosophical writings during the period from 1947-68. For about half of this period Russell worked steadily at philosophy but after the publication of My Philosophical Development in 1959 he retired from academic philosophy for the second time. After that date, only the occasional philosophical piece appeared, as he was preoccupied with political writings. In this volume there are a handful of papers dated later than 1959, and all of these were certainly written by Russell himself.This volume contains Russell's writings on diverse philosophical interests, including autobiographical and self-critical papers, critiques of other philosophers and his controversial opinions on Christianity.

The 1896-1899 papers, few of which were published in Russell's lifetime, concentrate primarily on physics, arithmetic and the concept of quantity. Several views that later became well-known in his The Principles of Mathematics actually originate in his earlier work, and though incomplete,An Analysis of Mathematical Reasoning, forms a centrepiece of the volume.

Contemplation and Action 1902-14 is the first volume devoted exclusively to Russell's non-technical writings. It follows chronologically Volume 1, Cambridge Essays: 1888-99 which presented his earliest papers.

This volume collects together all of Russell's philosophical papers inspired by his work with Whitehead on'Principia Mathematica'.

During the First World War, Bertrand Russell was political commentator for The Tribunal, the official weekly publication of the No-Conscription Fellowship, of which Russell was Action Chairman.This volume contains many short papers from that period, which reflect Russell's immediate reponses to developments in the conflict. These documents bear witness to Russell's growing commitment to pacifism, and reveal the development of the patterns of political argument, rhetoric and activism which were to characterise his work throughout his life.

Bertrand Russell's shorter writings against British participation in the First World War from its outbreak until the formation of Lloyd George's coalition. It includes the fullest documentation yet of the continuing government attempts to stifle Russell, then regarded as Britain's most dangerous pacifist.

This volume contains Russell's reviews of and introductions to other philosophical works including his famous introduction to Wittgenstein's Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus.

Covering the topics of God, immortality, conscience and immortality, this volume presents a selection of essays of the first decade of Russell as an independent thinker. It includes his graduate essays, adolescent writings and ideas on ethics, Bacon, Hobbes and DesCartes, psychology and politics.

This volume provides a historical introduction in the writing of the manuscript. Theory of Knowledge: The 1913 Manuscript is the only book-length work on epistemology that Russell left unpublished in its original form, and its publication here is an important addition to knowledge of Russell's thought.

'The Classic Collection of C.G. Jung. Illustrated'brings together a selection of pivotal works by the renowned Swiss psychiatrist and psychoanalyst, Carl Gustav Jung. This illustrated anthology includes some of Jung's most influential writings, providing readers with deep insights into the human psyche and the complexities of the unconscious mind.'Modern Man in Search of a Soul'delves into Jung's exploration of the modern individual's quest for meaning and fulfillment in an increasingly complex world. Through a series of essays, Jung examines topics such as dreams, spirituality, and the integration of the conscious and unconscious aspects of the self.'Psychology of the Unconscious'offers a comprehensive overview of Jung's groundbreaking theories on the unconscious mind, including his concepts of archetypes, the collective unconscious, and individuation. Jung's exploration of the depths of the human psyche sheds light on the universal patterns and symbols that shape human experience.'Collected Papers on Analytical Psychology'introduces readers to Jung's pioneering technique for accessing the unconscious through free association. By examining the spontaneous connections and associations made by individuals, Jung uncovered valuable insights into their underlying psychological dynamics and inner conflicts. Accompanied by captivating illustrations, this collection provides a visually stunning exploration of Jung's seminal ideas and their profound impact on the fields of psychology, psychotherapy, and spirituality. Whether delving into the mysteries of the unconscious or unraveling the complexities of the human soul,'The Classic Collection of C.G. Jung. Illustrated'offers readers a rich tapestry of wisdom and knowledge from one of the most influential thinkers of the 20th century. Contents: • Modern Man in Search of a Soul • Psychology of the Unconscious • Collected Papers on Analytical Psychology

The authors Matteo Collodel and Eric Oberheim take the reader on a journey through the early life of the famous Austrian philosopher Paul Feyerabend, whose groundbreaking work Against the Method forged new paths in the philosophical understanding of science. Collodel and Oberheim's book contains the translated correspondence of Feyerabend (1924-1994) with equally influential philosophers and scientists of the time, including Rudolf Carnap, Herbert Feigl, Carl G. Hempel, J.J.C. Smart, David Bohm, and Thomas Kuhn. This book offers an entirely unique approach to the philosopher Paul Feyerabend. Informative, challenging and profound, it immerses the reader deeply in the mind of a truly revolutionary philosopher of science.The main focus lies on the explanation of Paul Feyerabend's ideas on logical empiricism and quantum mechanics, which he developed especially in the 1960s. In order to appreciate the celebrated work of the philosopher, it is important to create an understanding of these formative years in Feyerabend's life and work.Anyone who knows similar discussions, like the paradigm shift of Thomas Kuhn, or has a passion for history, philosophy and science will be fascinated by the works of Paul Feyerabend. As scientists and followers of Feyerabend, Collodel and Oberheim strive to pay respect to the philosopher and to make his work accessible to a whole new generation.

This book offers a collection of papers on focal themes in truth research, including minimalism, pragmatism and pluralism, and philosophical logic. It further provides valuable hindsight with contemporary perspectives on the works of Frege, Wittgenstein, Ramsey, Strawson, and Evans on truth, and it features recent discussions on the role and value of truth in politics and political discourse. The collection is based on groundbreaking presentations hosted by the Virtual International Consortium for Truth Research (VICTR), including talks given at the TRUTH 20/20 conference. The volume features exclusive transcriptions of panel discussions on truth and factuality with Huw Price, Douglas Edwards, Cheryl Misak, and Amie Thomasson, and on truth and polarization with Michael Lynch, Maria Baghramian, and Cailin O'Connor. It includes the transcript of a televised 1973 conversation between Peter Strawson and Gareth Evans. And the volume features new contributions from established and early career researchers in the field. Anyone interested in the nature and value of truth will find this volume to be indispensable.

Kotta Satchidananda Murty (1924–2011) was a vociferous writer and an iconoclast. In recognition of his contribution in the field of Philosophy, he was awarded the highly coveted BC Roy Award in Philosophy, and Padma Vibhushan by the Government of India. This volume is a collection of his unpublished writings. It presents Murty's unpublished keynote addresses, papers presented in seminars and lectures which show his reflections and arguments in contrast to contemporary philosophers with regard to recent developments in philosophy. The writings reveal Murty's rejection of established theories by well-known eastern and western philosophers, as well as his arguments in their support, and present a new interpretation of their contention in the contemporary idiom. Murty critically evaluates the contemporary arguments of Malcolm, James Ross, Alvin Plantinga, Charles Hawthorne, Jean-Paul Sartre, Anthony Flew, EH Madden and PH Hare.An important contribution, the book assesses K. Satchidananda Murty's contribution to philosophy during sixty-one years of his engagement with active writing and teaching. It will be of great interest to scholars, teachers and students of Indian philosophy, Hindu philosophy, Vedāntic philosophy, Advaita Vedānta, comparative philosophy, religious studies and South Asian studies.

What does it mean to be human? We invite the reader to discuss this most fundamental issue in philosophy and to do so in an intercultural framework. The question of the human was the starting point for a legendary discussion between two German philosophers who met in Davos in 1929. We return to this historical event and re-imagine the debate between Martin Heidegger and Ernst Cassirer from a global perspective. Generating twenty papers from elaborate discussions, our authors contribute to the thought experiment by inviting the Japanese philosopher Nishida Kitarō from Kyoto and other Japanese thinkers into the debate to overcome the challenge of Eurocentrism inherent to these historic days in Davos.

This book explores the under-researched sources of the consumerist culture and the environmental damage it has brought about. The book is an outcome of the symposium on “The Ethics of Consumption” organised and hosted by the Las Casas Institute at the Blackfriars Hall, University of Oxford as part of its Economics as a Moral Science Programme. It takes on two contemporary problems: the human weakness and capacity for wrong-doing, and the failure of modern economic theory to account for the moral character of human behaviour and its implicit encouragement of gluttonous life-styles. In a time when grand political schemes are proposed to revive sustainability of global economy, the authors of the papers collected in this book highlight the need for moral renewal without which the most revolutionary structural reforms are bound to fail at producing the desired outcome. Topics of the book include the meaning and sources of avarice, the attempt to define what is enough, exploration of philosophical and theological perspectives which can serve as building blocks for the ethics of consumption. This makes the book of great interest to a broad readership of economists, social scientists and philosophers.

This open access book is a superb collection of some fifteen chapters inspired by Schroeder-Heister's groundbreaking work, written by leading experts in the field, plus an extensive autobiography and comments on the various contributions by Schroeder-Heister himself. For several decades, Peter Schroeder-Heister has been a central figure in proof-theoretic semantics, a field of study situated at the interface of logic, theoretical computer science, natural-language semantics, and the philosophy of language. The chapters of which this book is composed discuss the subject from a rich variety of angles, including the history of logic, the proper interpretation of logical validity, natural deduction rules, the notions of harmony and of synonymy, the structure of proofs, the logical status of equality, intentional phenomena, and the proof theory of second-order arithmetic. All chapters relate directly to questions that have driven Schroeder-Heister's own research agendaand to which he has made seminal contributions. The extensive autobiographical chapter not only provides a fascinating overview of Schroeder-Heister's career and the evolution of his academic interests but also constitutes a contribution to the recent history of logic in its own right, painting an intriguing picture of the philosophical, logical, and mathematical institutional landscape in Germany and elsewhere since the early 1970s. The papers collected in this book are illuminatingly put into a unified perspective by Schroeder-Heister's comments at the end of the book. Both graduate students and established researchers in the field will find this book an excellent resource for future work in proof-theoretic semantics and related areas.

Thomas Kuhn is viewed as one of the most influential (and controversial) philosophers of science, and this re-release of a classic examination of one of his seminal works reflects his continuing importance. In World Changes, the contributors examine the work of Kuhn from a broad philosophical perspective, comparing earlier logical empiricism and logical positivism with the new philosophy of science inspired by Kuhn in the early 1960s. The nine chapters offer interpretations of his major work The Structure of Scientific Revolutions and subsequent writings. The introduction outlines the significant concepts of Kuhn's work that are examined and is followed by a brief appraisal of Kuhn by Carl Hempel. The chapters discuss topics that include: a systematic comparison of Kuhn and Carnap viewing similarities and differences; the disputation of absolute truth; rational theory evaluation and comparison; applying theory to observation and the relation of models in a new conceptualization of theory content; and interpreting Kuhn's plurality-of-worlds thesis. The volume also presents four historical papers that speak to Kuhn's views on lexical structures and concept-formation and their antecedents. The afterward, by Kuhn himself, reviews his own philosophical development, his thoughts on the dynamics of scientific growth, and his response to issues raised by the contributors and other interpreters of his work.

This volume contains new papers addressing a number of new and traditional issues pertaining to the roles of representations in visual perception.Among these issues is the one concerning the nature of the perceptual state itself – e. g. on the issue of whether the perceptual state, like its distal objects, is structured, for instance by possessing a spatial character. Other issues include those of whether at least aspects of the distal object are presented immediately to us visually, whether representation plays any (interesting) role in disjunctivist and naïve realist accounts of visual experience and the relationship among visual perception, attention and representation.The anthology includes a wide variety of positions on the subject of the roles of representations in visual perception, which would help to close the literature gap and will be of interest to scholars from all schools and trends of philosophy of mind.

Human Life in Motion presents for the first time the previously unpublished transcripts of the seminars on Aristotle Martin Heidegger gave in the 1920s. These transcripts reveal much about the evolution of his thought during that time.Detailed student transcripts for these seminars appear among the papers of one of Heidegger's students, Helene Weiss, held today in the Special Collections Department of Stanford University. Analyzing and organizing hundreds of pages of these transcripts written by different students, Francisco Gonzalez brilliantly reconstructs the original seminars. He summarizes what Heidegger presented and claimed in each class. Gonzalez also throws into relief the overarching philosophical significance of the seminars, showing how the different interpretative moves or claims are connected and where they lead, something which in turn requires explicating them in the context of both the Aristotelian texts discussed and Heidegger's own thought during this period.Essential reading for students and scholars of Heidegger or Aristotle, Human Life in Motion is a publishing event that forces a reconsideration of the thought and legacy of both philosophers.

Depuis la fin de la décennie 1990 jusqu'au moment de la publication de ce livre, la République Démocratique du Congo est secouée par des guerres récurrentes. La littérature sur cette instabilité a retenu trois causes unilatéralement crispées sur un élément explicatif : la guerre pour le contrôle des ressources, les conflits intercommunautaires ainsi que les conflits régionaux dans la région des Grands lacs africains. En explicitant le présupposé de ces approches qu'il surmonte par l'approche institutionnelle, ce livre met en exergue le facteur essentiel à l'origine du mal congolais et propose des politiques publiques susceptibles d'y remédier.

Afzal Kâshâni (XIIIe siècle) est un philosophe, théologien et poète de langue persane. D'une grande culture et d'une finesse singulière, il transmet avec éloquence l'héritage philosophique grec, notamment dans le sillage du néoplatonisme, Platon et Aristote confondus. Il symbolise ainsi une continuité de l'esprit universel, transcendant la langue persane en une langue philosophique et conceptuelle. La lecture des écrits d'Afzal dans le contexte général de l'histoire des idées intéressera tous ceux qui apprécient la culture iranienne et le défi de la langue persane. La traduction de textes choisis d'Afzal proposée dans ce livre est l'occasion de voir comment la pensée rationnelle opère dans une langue considérée comme purement poétique. Nous y trouvons des éléments de philosophie théorique et pratique, mais également l'ambition d'un connaisseur de la musique et la sensibilité aiguë d'un poète.

First published in 1988. Clarifies the coherence theory and critically discusses the standard objections to it as well as those who can be interpreted as advocating it. This book should be of interest to students of philosophy and epistemology and professional philosophers. In the view of the author, contemporary philosophy the coherence theory of truth occupies rather an odd position. On the one hand a number of textbook arguments against it are widely accepted, arguments which make it look as though the theory is hardly worth serious attention. On the other hand some of the principal currents of philosophical thought seem to be flowing away from the traditional conception of truth and towards a different conception, one which some of its supporters and some of its detractors have recognized as taking truth to consist in coherence. In the first two chapters the author tries to clarify what the coherence theory is (and is not), to show that it deserves serious attention, and to exhibit the pressures that can drive one towards it. Also attempted is to show how it relates to various other things that philosophers have said about truth, and also to idealism and anti-realism.

Including all Robert Boyle's published works, this is the final seven volumes of a 14-volume set. All texts are fully annotated and comprehensively indexed. Works originally in Latin are presented in their contemporary English translations.

This Pickering edition of Adam Ferguson's correspondence contains over 400 letters, most of which have never before been published. The correspondence includes letters between Ferguson and Adam Smith, David Hume and Alexander Carlyle and many other central figures of the Scottish Enlightenment.

El objetivo de este libro es contribuir al desarrollo de una filosofía de nuestro tiempo para nuestro tiempo. La revolución digital acaba de empezar y tiene una magnitud que aún es difícil de dimensionar. Nos encontramos frente a un fenómeno novedoso, veloz, multifacético, que sin duda está escribiendo un nuevo capítulo en la historia de la humanidad. La vida, tal y como la conocemos hoy, se ha vuelto impensable sin la presencia de servicios, productos y prácticas digitales; y la inteligencia artificial acapara ahora todas las miradas, desde que ha dado el salto de los laboratorios a una infinidad de aplicaciones cotidianas. Por su evolución acelerada, los intereses que pone en juego y sus consecuencias todavía impredecibles, la inteligencia artificial puede emplearse tanto de forma ética como no ética. De allí que Luciano Floridi, uno de los mayores expertos en filosofía de la información, afirme que tenemos no solo la oportunidad, sino la obligación de darle a esta nueva herramienta una forma positiva que beneficie a la humanidad y a nuestro planeta. Con este libro, el autor pretende contribuir al desarrollo de una filosofía de nuestro tiempo para nuestro tiempo. Porque no debemos caminar dormidos hacia la creación de un mundo cada vez más digital. El insomnio de la razón puede generar errores monstruosos, a veces irreversibles.

Philosophy and Leadership is an ambitious exploration of leadership's philosophical underpinnings from antiquity to the AI-driven future. The book journeys through history, gleaning insights from eminent philosophers and contextualizing their teachings to leadership.The book's foundational premise lies in the symbiosis of philosophy and leadership. Philosophy provides the'why'that drives the practices and decisions in leadership. This intricate connection is unfolded from the teachings of Confucius on virtue and ethics to the contemporary dialogues of Judith Butler on leadership identity. The book also delves into the evolution of leadership concepts through various eras—medieval times highlighting religious and scholastic perspectives, the Renaissance juxtaposing Machiavellian pragmatism with More's utopian ideals, and the Enlightenment era underscoring the importance of duty, skepticism, and rationality. An exciting aspect of the narrative is the amalgamation of evolution and leadership. By drawing parallels between Darwin's natural selection and leadership dynamics or Bergson's vitalism and intuitive leadership, the authors present a merger of biological evolution with leadership's ever-evolving paradigms. Finally, the concluding chapters reside in envisioning the future and reflect upon the impending synergy between AI and leadership. They emphasize the importance of amalgamating philosophical wisdom with the promises and challenges brought about by AI.The book will guide readers from the philosophical epochs of yore to the AI-predicted leadership paradigms of the future. By intertwining the enduring wisdom of philosophers with the dynamic nature of leadership, this book serves as a beacon for anyone aspiring to lead in any era.The Open Access version of this book, available at www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.

Fatalism -- the thesis that something in the past necessitates the entire future -- is often argued for in three ways. One argument is that the truth of propositions about future events makes those events necessary. Another is that infallible divine foreknowledge necessitates all future human acts. The third is that the past history of the world in conjunction with universal causal laws necessitates the entire future. Each of these arguments depends on a premise of the necessity of the past. In Fatalism and the Logic of Time, Linda Zagzebski examines two interpretations of this necessity. One interpretation is the modal necessity of the past, and the other interpretation is the cause of closure of the past. She argues that the combination of the necessity of the past with the transfer of necessity principle is inconsistent with the truth of any proposition about the past that entails a proposition about the future. As such, the problem is much broader than fatalism. It is a problem in the logic of time. All arrows of time, as well as the arrows of physics, arise from the human experience of before and after -- but that experience does not itself require an arrow.

The To-day and To-morrow book series (1923–1931) was a unique publishing phenomenon – over 100 short, often brilliant, books choosing a particular subject, outlining its present state, and then speculating about its future. This Reader brings together some of the best work in the series, including eleven complete volumes and substantial extracts from ten more.To-day and To-morrow is one of the key documents of modernity. It contains some of the best writing of the twentieth century, and some of the most visionary predictions. The contributors were creative writers, scientists, inventors, philosophers, lawyers, doctors, and teachers. Included here are Bertrand Russell, Vera Brittain, Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, Robert Graves, and the scientists J. B. S. Haldane, J. D. Bernal, and Sir James Jeans. The topics range from emerging technologies such as the talkies, television, robotics, and drones, to speculations about future technologies like test-tube babies, artificial wombs, cyborgs, genetic modification, hormone replacement therapy, space exploration, the internet, and the possibility of hive minds. The books consider how societies will respond to such developments; how the transformations will impact on lives, relationships, beliefs, politics.To-day and To-morrow brings new perspectives to the literature and culture of modernism and modernity for general readers, students, and scholars. It sheds new light on twentieth-century literature, culture, and society. It offers resources for teachers and students of creative writing – and everyone – facing the challenge of thinking about our future.

Anyone who's had an argument about politics with a friend may walk away wondering how this friend could possibly hold the beliefs they do. A few self-reflective people might even wonder about their own political beliefs after such an argument. This book is about the reasons that people have, and could have, for political beliefs: the evidence they might draw on, the psychological sources of their views, and the question of how we ought to form our political beliefs if we want to be rational.The book's twenty-four chapters are divided into four larger parts, which cover the following: (1) the differences between political and other types of beliefs, (2) theories of political belief formation, (3) sources of our political beliefs and how we might evaluate them, and (4) contemporary phenomena – like polarization, fake news, and conspiracy theories – related to political beliefs. Along the way, the book addresses questions that will arise naturally for many readers, like: Does the news you choose to watch and your own social media leave you stuck in an “information bubble”? Are you committed to a certain ideology because of the history of your society? Are people who believe “fake news“ always acting irrationally? Does democracy do a good job of figuring out what's true? Are some political beliefs good and some evil? As the book investigates these and other questions, it delves into technical, philosophical topics like epistemic normativity, the connection between belief and action, pragmatic encroachment, debunking arguments, and ideology critique. Chapter summaries and discussion questions will help students and all interested readers better grasp this new, important area on the border of politics and philosophy.Key Features Systematically covers the political turn in contemporary epistemology and integrates it with important work in other fields (like psychology and political science) In addition to deep coverage of the nature of political belief, includes material on the ethics of political belief and how we ought to form our beliefs Approaches topics that naturally interest students like political disagreement, fake news, conspiracy theories, and the morality of belief Provides a Conclusion and Discussion Questions at the end of each chapter, prompting student readers to think more clearly and deeply about the material they've read The Open Access version of this book, available at www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 International license.

This volume showcases new and interesting ways in which the possession of civic virtues can contribute to people's abilities to engage in public life in meaningful ways.What is the role of civic virtues in public life? How does possessing civic virtues affect persons and their capacities for participation in the public order? The chapters in this volume combine philosophical and empirically informed work to show how civic virtues can be informed by larger virtue ethical perspectives. The first two chapters discuss virtues of individuals that have not received significant empirical attention—authenticity and wisdom and psychological resilience. The next two chapters address education and the ways in which civic virtues can help us to better serve schoolchildren who are socially and economically disadvantaged, as well as to broaden students'horizons with respect to character and sustainability education. The final four chapters explore the roles for virtues within various political and public realms. They offer perspectives on how virtues affect contentious politics in democratic societies, and study virtues in contexts in which democracy has been stifled or torn apart by war. Together, the chapters highlight the ever-widening impact of the virtues on our lives and in society.The Self, Civic Virtue, and Public Life will be of interest to scholars and graduate students working in ethics, political philosophy, psychology, and philosophy of education.The Open Access version of this book, available at www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4.0 International license.

This Pickering edition of Adam Ferguson's correspondence contains over 400 letters, most of which have never before been published. The correspondence includes letters between Ferguson and Adam Smith, David Hume and Alexander Carlyle and many other central figures of the Scottish Enlightenment.

Penser avec Bernard Lonergan présente quinze études sur la pensée du philosophe et théologien canadien Bernard Lonergan (1904-1984).Dans cet ouvrage, Louis Roy propose une explication de la méthode en théologie, des comparaisons avec de nombreux penseurs, notamment Augustin, Thomas d'Aquin, Schleiermacher, Newman, Gandhi et Rahner, portant une attention soutenue aux contextes historiques dans lesquels les écrits de Lonergan se déploient, ainsi que des clarifications concernant une subjectivité humaine authentique, l'expérience religieuse et la foi chrétienne.À travers cette étude, il trace également une voie d'intégration inédite de la raison et de la foi et nous livre une réflexion philosophique sur la signification et la vérité. La portée considérable des fondements posés par Lonergan se manifeste dans les applications à la liturgie, à l'éducation, à l'éthique et aux droits de la personne développées ici.

Identification of the phenomenon of marginality in The Marginal Self—the failure to become one's authentic, best self, by refusing to actualize this potential that is inherent in us all—turns on recognizing that freedom, and its misuse, underlie most human behavior, normal and pathological. Jean-Paul Sartre insisted that people don't just have freedom, they are freedom. Most philosophical anthropologies, including Freudian psychoanalysis, and the current medical model of mental illness propagated by the American Psychiatric Association and typified in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), do not acknowledge this essential reality. Beyond Marginality came out first eleven years after the initial 1987 publication of The Marginal Self. The author, in the meantime, had become acquainted with the Zen philosophy of D. T. Suzuki, of whom Martin Heidegger said that if he understood this man's work correctly, Suzuki had accomplished what Heidegger had been trying to do all his life. What did Heidegger see in Suzuki's anthropology? That the Cartesian duality—ultimately the dissociation of our inner lives from the world around us and from one another—was a distortion created by us that we could overcome through Zen's actionable intuition of human wholeness. How this overcoming might be brought about is the theme of Beyond Marginality, starting with Suzuki's intuition and embracing the work of many allied thinkers. Equally compelling are vivid testimonials from those who had stumbled into marginality, some eventually recognizing the negative consequences of their misused freedom, then freely willing themselves out of their marginal states. Helping people move beyond marginality and its attendant psychic pathology parallels the present enthusiasm of the mental health community for a positive psychology. Gestalt psychologist Kurt Lewin left us with the counter-Cartesian, Zen-like insight that nothing is so practical as a good theory.

Dieser Band, der in biogeophysikalischen Studien verwurzelt ist, befasst sich mit Konzepten des politischen Handelns im Anthropozän und der Spannung zwischen dem Wunsch, das prometheische Projekt der Moderne zu vollenden, und einem post-prometheischen Ansatz. Diese Arbeit untersucht die Idee einer anthropologischen Mutation der politischen Konsolidierung von einem'postprometheanischen Miteinander'zur Schaffung der Fähigkeit zum gemeinsamen Handeln. Das von Hannah Arendt entwickelte politische Denken über die conditio humana ist hier als Ressource für das Denken über die Menschheit im Sinne des menschlichen Abenteuers wichtig. Dieses hat drei Dimensionen: Hybris, Welt und Koexistenz, die sich jeweils auf die Logik des Profits des homo oeconomicus, die Logik der Verantwortung des homo collectivus und die Logik der Gastfreundschaft des homo religatus beziehen.. Die in diesem Buch skizzierte intellektuelle und politische Haltung ist eine Erweiterungder kritischen Theorie: Das Werk übt auch Kritik an dem, was in unserer Beziehung zur Welt ein Problem darstellt, und schlägt vor, wie es überwunden werden kann, wobei das Endziel die soziale Transformation ist. Der Autor schlägt einen Aufstand und eine anthropologische Konsolidierung der Politik vor, die auf der Wiederbelebung beruht, die durch das Teilen einer Konvivialität sowohl zwischen den Menschen als auch mit dem Nicht-Menschlichen hervorgerufen wird. Die Identifizierung der Konvivialität als ein Bildungsparadigma, um das Anthropozän zu überleben, gibt uns trotz dieses Erbes des Anthropozäns den dringend benötigten Grund zur Hoffnung. Neben dem Arendt'schen Denken stützt sich diese kritische Theorie für das Anthropozän auf das politische Denken mehrerer zeitgenössischer Autoren, darunter Maurice Bellet, Hartmut Rosa, Andreas Weber, Dominique Bourg und Christian Arnsperger. Dieser Band ist für Forscher des Anthropozäns von Interesse.

Scimat (science of human) is a new multidiscipline proposed by Lui Lam in 2007. Scimat treats all studies on human as a unified enterprise. In terms of content, Scimat = Humanities + Social Science + Medical Science. Scimat advocates the use of humanities-science synthesis in understanding humans, and collaboration between the humanists and natural scientists. The ultimate aim of Scimat is to better humanity by bettering the humanities.It has done so in the study of history, art, philosophy, and science, giving rise to some interesting and important results such as the appearance of a new discipline called Histophysics (physics of history), a new interpretation of art's origin and nature, a better understanding of the differences between the philosophies of the West and East, and a rigorous definition of science.Scimat Anthology collects 27 original articles in the humanities, published or unpublished from 2000 to 2024, with 26 by the founder of Scimat, ending with an in-depth analysis of Stephen Hawking and his legacy.Readership ranges from high school students and laypeople to professors of all disciplines, who are interested in what the humanities and science are about, as well as new ideas in bridging them.

This book addresses one of today's most burning issues, namely the environmental crisis, by offering an insight into the problem from the perspective of virtue ethics.Virtue ethics is an approach to ethics that centralizes the concept of moral virtue, which can be extended to environmental ethics via environmental virtue ethics (EVE). Beginning with a comprehensive overview, the book explores the renaissance of contemporary virtue ethics and the beginnings of EVE in the second half of the 20th century and presents the main characteristics, proponents, and criticisms of EVE. The book then goes on to analyze its development by distinguishing the three most influential concepts: the classical; the naturalistic, teleological, and pluralistic; and the narrative conception of environmental virtue ethics. The author also discusses the most influential works on EVE, including a revision of Louke van Wensveen's postulate to use virtue language in environmental ethics. By synthesizing such works on EVE alongside an analysis of the three most important concepts, the book offers a new concept that is universalistic, positive, and pragmatic.The book will be useful for students, scholars, and researchers studying environmental ethics, sustainable development, environmental psychology, moral philosophy, and philosophy of education.The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license.

Models and modeling have played an increasingly important role in philosophy, going back to the nineteenth century. While philosophical interest in models has been remarkably lively over the last two decades, there are still many underexplored questions. The Routledge Handbook of Philosophy of Scientific Modeling is an outstanding reference source and guide to this fast-growing area and is the first volume of its kind. Comprised of 40 specially commissioned chapters by an international team of contributors, the Handbook is organized into five clear parts: Historical and General Perspectives Philosophical Accounts of Modeling Methodological Aspects: Model Construction, Evaluation, and Calibration Related Topics Modeling in the Wild. Within these parts, the Handbook covers a diverse range of topics, including historical perspectives on modeling, the relationship between models, theories, representation, idealization, and understanding, and related topics like big data, simulation, and statistical and computational modeling. Different kinds of models are discussed, for example, network models, financial models, and climate and synthetic models.The Routledge Handbook of Philosophy of Scientific Modeling is essential reading for students and scholars of philosophy of science, formal epistemology, and philosophy of social sciences. It is also a valuable resource for those in related fields such as computer science and information technology.

Herbert Marcuse (1898-1979) is known to many as a leading figure of 1960s counterculture, and a'Guru of the New Left.'However, the deeper philosophical background to Marcuse's thought is often forgotten, especially his significant engagement with German idealism, ancient philosophy, and a broad spectrum of problems and issues from the philosophical tradition.This much-needed book introduces and assesses Marcuse's philosophy and is ideal for those coming to his work for the first time. Jacob McNulty covers the following topics: Marcuse's life and the background to his thought, including his formative period as a student of Husserl and Heidegger and as a philosopher in Horkheimer's Institute Marcuse's recasting of metaphysics in light of Marxian and Freudian thought Marcuse and German idealism, especially the role of Kant and Hegel Marcuse's philosophy of human nature, his use of the late Freud's ideas of Eros and Thanatos Marcuse as a critic of state and monopoly capitalism Meaning, propaganda, and ideology: the political implications of language and also the centrality of free speech Marcuse's aesthetics Marcuse's legacy and his relationship to contemporary analytical philosophy (especially'analytic critical theory'). An outstanding and engaging introduction to a central figure in twentieth-century radical thought, Marcuse is essential reading for those in philosophy and related disciplines including political theory, sociology, and media and communication studies.

Including all Robert Boyle's published works, this is the final seven volumes of a 14-volume set. All texts are fully annotated and comprehensively indexed. Works originally in Latin are presented in their contemporary English translations.

Should historical injustices always be repaired? Upon scrutinising public institutions and present holdings, it becomes evident that many are partially the result of past injustices. Consequently, the imperative to rectify and repair historical injustices emerges. However, as circumstances change over time and these changes affect justice, the argument for repairing historical injustices becomes more intricate. The distributive and reparative aspects of justice may be in tension with each other. Possible tensions between these aspects of justice are assessed by discussing the thesis about the supersession of historical injustices. Different facets of the supersession thesis are evaluated in two contexts. The first context, explored in the initial part of the book, examines whether and, if so, under what conditions, post-colonial injustices against 19th-century Latin American indigenous peoples should be repaired. The second context, explored later in the book, assesses how climate burdens should be distributed globally and how to respond to potential injustices arising from departures from a fair climate transition towards net-zero CO2 emissions societies. The book demonstrates that repairing historical injustices is compatible with the imperatives of distributive justice.

Quanto minore è la disponibilità di un orientamento condiviso, di criteri di giudizio comuni, tanto maggiore è la confusione morale, lo spazio per il conflitto e la coercizione. La modernità occidentale degli ultimi tre secoli ha coltivato sistematicamente forme di sviluppo latrici di disorientamento radicale, e lo ha fatto passare per “condizione umana”. Ma quel processo che Nietzsche ha catturato con le espressioni “nichilismo” e “morte di Dio” ha caratteri storicamente unici e rappresenta un peculiare vicolo cieco della storia. Il presente lavoro rappresenta un tentativo di fondazione ontologica, epistemica e, su queste basi, etica che vuole aiutare a sottrarsi alla propria condizione di disorientamento strutturale chi abita la modernità occidentale. Il metodo utilizzato è di matrice fenomenologica e mira a esporre le condizioni intenzionali del conferimento di senso nell'ambito dell'azione umana. L'articolazione del valore che emerge dal percorso svolto identifica le gravi unilateralità degli ordinamenti etici contemporanei e segnala le direzioni in cui una via d'uscita può essere trovata. Queste direzioni sono costituite da un consolidamento delle identità personali e collettive, da un recupero di forme di vita comunitaria, da un riorientamento pedagogico che privilegia concretezza e sintesi ad astrazione e analisi, da uno sviluppo della libertà nella continuità con il passato e dall'accettazione della pluralità dei percorsi di valorizzazione collettiva.

Learn how to maximize your use of, and benefit from AI, personally and professionally while staying safe. To satisfy professionals and businesses trying to modernize their approaches to work and personal tasks, this book will explain some of the basics of what AI is, what AI is likely to look like in the near future, and how not to get stung using it. You'll quickly realize that AI isn't coming, it's here, along with its opportunities and challenges. While some of the advantages of using AI tools may seem too good to be true, you'll discover that the key to navigating the early stages of the AI era is to understand its guiding principles and then to prioritize the guidelines. The book features general situations and use cases to help you experience AI for fun and for work while retaining the benefits, profits, creations, outputs, and efficiencies of it. If you're going to use AI in your daily career, whether as a student, creative, executive, marketer or in sales this book will help you understand how to bypass obstacles and get value from AI with the guidance of an AI and tech lawyer. What You Will Learn Identify, debunk, and protect against business and legal risk in the AI eraDiscuss these issues on a high level with CTOs and COOsSee how professionals can mutually use AI to their benefit Who This Book is For Anyone who wants to know whether AI is really going to change the world through the lens of their industry, or to simply understand how AI can be safely harnessed to maximize daily value while minimizing practical risks.

This revised and updated second edition of Paulo Freire: The Man from Recife recounts the life, thought, and experiences of a remarkable man who has left an indelible mark on the social sciences, education, and theology. As one who was born in the northeastern part of Brazil in a city called Recife, Freire experienced the sting of poverty and the pangs hunger within an unjust social and economic system, yet he emerged as a courageous, prophetic voice of conscience. With a new Foreword, Preface, and Afterword, notable stylistic changes in chapter structures, and updated chapters relevant to these contemporary times, this new revised, updated edition continues to bring attention to a man whose thought continues to influence around the globe.

Die Stoa war eine der bedeutendsten Philosophenschulen der Antike. Neuerdings greifen Philosophen wieder vermehrt Elemente der antiken Stoa auf, aber auch Psychologen und Therapeuten orientieren sich an stoischen Grundsätzen: Die Stoa wird nicht nur als philosophisches System, sondern auch als Lebenskunst ernstgenommen. Anna Schriefls Einführung liefert einen Überblick über die gesamte Lehre der antiken Stoa (Logik, Physik, Ethik) und ihren Einfluss bis heute. Für die Neuauflage wurde der Band komplett überarbeitet und ergänzt (Modern Stoics, Stoizismus und Tiere).

This book puts forward a layered theory of emotions, which argues that emotional processes are best understood as occurrences that happen within complex emotional situational scenarios that integrate different and interconnected layers. According to this theory, there is an underlying logic of emotions which is more akin to a creative endeavor than to a fixed and mechanical structure. The book is divided in three parts. The first part provides the Deweyan historical background and shows how it gives rise to the hypothetical suggestion of the Layered Theory of Emotions. After laying down the Layered Theory of Emotions, the following chapters show how Dewey's philosophical work grounds the theoretical suggestion. The second part of the book presents various insights that spring from the proposed theory. Among other things, it will show the importance of some new distinctions, such as meta-emotions and emotional depth, and provide a different understanding of previous emotional categories, such emotional intentionality and emotional habits. Finally, the third part of the book concludes by drawing some consequences of the layered theory of emotions for philosophy of mind, and for the general philosophical task. The book hopes to raise thought provoking questions and point out possible future research directions to deepen Dewey's insightful scholarship, and Emotion Theory.

In'The Power of Your Subconscious Mind,'Dr. Joseph Murphy explores the profound influence that the subconscious mind has on every aspect of our lives. Drawing on principles of psychology and spirituality, Murphy offers practical techniques for harnessing this inner power to achieve personal success, overcome challenges, and improve overall well-being. Through a blend of inspirational anecdotes and actionable advice, the book provides readers with tools to reprogram their subconscious thoughts, transform limiting beliefs, and unlock their full potential. Murphy's work emphasizes the power of positive thinking and the ability to shape one's destiny through the conscious control of subconscious processes. This timeless guide remains a valuable resource for those seeking to harness the latent power within themselves to create a more fulfilling and successful life.