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This book provides acomprehensive overview of cell signalling pathways and morphogens in the genesis of brain tumours. It also explains the role of brain tumour stem cells in the brain tumour progression. It also elucidates the novel early biomarkers that can be utilized to diagnose brain tumours. It presents the basic developmental pathways and morphogens, including retinoic acid and TGF-b that promote brain tumorigenesis. The chapters illustrate the role of stem cells and stem cells mediated cell signalling pathways including, Sonic hedgehog, Notch, Wnt in the brain tumour growth. The chapters also emphasize the role of transcription factors, mainlyNanog, Sox, BMI1, HIF1 and Pax6 in the brain tumouriogensis. It highlights the role of NF-kb, Myc and neurotrophins in the brain tumour development. Finally, the book summarizes the potential early therapeutic targets and targeted drug discovery for brain tumours.