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This volume takes an in-depth look at the potential pharmacological applications of 11 important antidiabetic plants, examining their antihyperglycemic, hypoglycemic, and anti-lipidemic properties along with current genome editing research perspectives. Plant natural products, or phytoconstituents, are promising candidates for antidiabetic pharmacological actions. The phytoconstituents, such as fl avonoids, terpenoids, saponins, carotenoids, alkaloids and glycosides, play vital roles in the current and future potent antidiabetic drug development programs Each chapter reviews a particular plant with antidiabetic properties, explaining the therapeutic aspects, its active antidiabetic compounds, and relevant genome editing technology. The specific plants discussed include Azadirachta indica (commonly known as neem, nimtree or Indian lilac), Gymnema sylvestre (commonly called gymnema, Australian cowplant, and Periploca of the woods), Syzygium cumini (commonly known as Malabar plum, Java plum, black plum, jamun or jambolana), Ceylon cinnamon (or true cinnamon, as opposed to cassia cinnamon), insulin plant (or Costus pictus), Trigonella foenum-graecum (better known as fenugreek), Mulberry, Nigella sativa L. (black caraway, also known as black cumin, nigella, kalojeera, kalonji or kalanji), Aegle marmelos (L.) (commonly known as bael (or bili or bhel), also Bengal quince, golden apple, Japanese bitter orange, stone apple or wood apple), Ficus benghalensis (the banyan, banyan fig and Indian banyan), and of course, garlic (Allium sativum). Antidiabetic Plants for Drug Discovery: Pharmacology, Secondary Metabolite Profiling, and Ingredients with Insulin Mimetic Activity will serve as a valuable source of information for students, drug researchers, medical practitioners, diabetic patients, and many others in the effort to gain understand of how these plant drug molecules can help fight diabetes.

Medications for the Treatment of Diabetes offers a bridge between drug handbooks and pharmacology texts. Focusing entirely on diabetes drugs, this reference is divided into two sections: 1) Drugs used to manage hyperglycemia and 2) Management of diabetic co-morbidities. The first section includes: -- Pharmacologic Therapy for Type 1 Diabetes -- Management of Hyperglycemia in Type 1 DM– info from practical use of insulin, pathophysiology, treatment strategy -- Insulins- RAIAs, Short-acting insulins, intermediate-acting insulins, LAIAs, Concentrated Insulins, Insulin pumps and patches, inhaled insulins, mixed and mixing insulin, use in Type 1, use in Type 2 -- Pharmacologic Therapy for Type 2 Diabetes -- Management of Hyperglycemia in Type 2- brief overview, pathophysiology, treatment strategy, overview of medications -- Biguanides -- TZDs -- SUs -- Glinides -- SGLT-2 Inhibitors -- AGIs -- DPP-IV inhibitors -- GLP RAs -- Amylin mimetics -- BARs -- DA-2 agonists Each chapter in Section 1 includes: 1.Drug class overview and role in diabetes treatment 2.Pharmacology -- a. Mechanism of action, b. Pharmacokinetics 3.Treatment Advantages/Disadvantages -- a. General for the class, b.When applicable, a discussion of evidence that supports the benefits of using a particular drug in a class over another in the same class (eg, Avandia vs Actos) 4.Therapeutic Considerations -- a. Significant Warnings/Precautions, b. Special Populations, c. Pharmacogenomics, d. Adverse effects and monitoring, e. Drug Interactions, f. Dosage and administration 5.Table with Doses and Dose Adjustments 6.List of important combination products 7.References The second section includes: -- Cardiovascular Disease and Risk Management -- Microvascular Complications and Foot Care -- Medications for the Management of Hypertension -- Medications for the Management of Hyperlipidemia -- Antiplatelet Therapy -- Medications for Smoking Cessation -- Medications for the Management of Neuropathy (peripheral and autonomic) -- Medications for the Management of Nephropathy -- Medications for the Management of Retinopathy -- Medications for the Management of Depression -- Medications for the Management of Hypoglycemia -- Medications for the Management of Obesity -- Immunizations in Patients with Diabetes Each chapter in Section 2 includes: 1.An overview of the condition or problem 2.Goals of treatment 3.Overview of the medications and rationale for the medications used for the problem 4.Overview of each class of medication 5.Overview of combination therapy -- a. first combination, b. second combination 6.Doses and Dose Adjustments for the more salient medications 7.List of important combination products 8.References

Discovery and Development of Antidiabetic Agents from Natural Products brings together global research on the medicinal chemistry of active agents from natural sources for the prevention and treatment of diabetes and associated disorders. From the identification of promising leads, to the extraction and synthesis of bioactive molecules, this book explores a range of important topics to support chemists in the discovery and development of safer, more economical therapeutics that are desperately needed in response to this emerging global epidemic. Beginning with an overview of bioactive chemical compounds from plants with anti-diabetic properties, the book goes on to outline the identification and extraction of anti-diabetic agents and antioxidants from natural sources. It then explores anti-diabetic plants from specific regions before looking more closely at the background, isolation, and synthesis of key therapeutic compounds and their derivatives, including Mangiferin, Resveratrol, natural saponins, and alpha-glucosidase enzyme inhibitors. The book concludes with a consideration of current and potential future applications. Combining the expertise of specialists from around the world, this volume aims to support and encourage medicinal chemists investigating natural sources as starting points for the development of standardized, safe, and effective antidiabetic therapeutics. - Contains chapters written by active researchers and leading global experts who are deeply engaged in the research field of natural product chemistry for drug discovery - Provides comprehensive coverage of cutting-edge research advances in the design of medicinal natural products with potential as preventives and therapeutics for diabetes and related metabolic issues - Presents a practical review of the identification, isolation, and extraction techniques that help support medicinal chemists in the lab

The prevalence of diabetes continues to increase worldwide. Traditionally, diabetes in its adult form has not been considered a serious life-threatening disease. This attitude needs to be changed because the complications asso­ ciated with the adult form of diabetes affect almost every organ system. The high morbidity and mortality of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) suggest that current treatment strategies are unsatisfactory. We therefore face an urgent need for new therapeutic approaches. When the first Handbook 0/ Oral Antidiabetics was edited by H. Maske in 1971, the risks and benefits associated with the use of oral antidiabetics were still under discussion. Nowadays, oral antidiabetics hold a strong posi­ tion in the long-term treatment of diabetes. Roughly 30% -50% of the patients with diabetes in Europe and the United States are treated with oral antidiabetics, chiefly sulfonylureas. While acknowledging the value of the ß­ cytotropic sulfonylureas, we also need to recognize important limitations of their use, e.g., in the treatment of obese diabetic patients.

Volume 27, the first thematic volume in the Series, provides an overview of present knowledge with regard to the pharmacological and clinical aspects of antidiabetic drugs. It aims to stimulate further consideration of possible concepts in the development of new antidiabetic drugs.