Search

Although digenetic trematodes have been largely neglected, they constitute a major group of helminths that parasitize human and animals causing significant morbidity and mortality. This is of special importance today, since the geographical limits and the populations at risk, traditionally limited to developing or low-income countries, are currently expanding and changing in relation to factors such as growing international markets, improved transportation systems, and demographic changes. This has led to a growing international interest in trematode infections, although factors such as the difficulties entailed in the diagnosis, the complexity of human and agricultural practices, the lack of assessments of economic costs, or the limited number of effective drugs are preventing the development of control measures of these diseases in humans and livestock. In-depth studies are needed to clarify the current epidemiology of these helminth infections and to identify new and specific targets for both effective diagnosis and treatments. The main goal of the third edition of this book is to present the major trematodes and their corresponding diseases in the framework of modern parasitology, considering matters such as the application of novel techniques and analysis of data in the context of host-parasite interactions and also with the resident microbiota, showing the application of modern techniques and concepts to the studies on digenetic trematodes. This is an ideal book for parasitologists, microbiologists, zoologists, immunologists, public health professionals, clinicians and graduate and post-graduate students.

This book delves into diverse facets and applications of medicinal plants. It discusses the metabolic, transcriptomic, and genomic intricacies of medicinal plants, shedding light on their chemical compositions, genetic makeup, and regulatory mechanisms. It includes a chapter on nanotechnology, investigating the influence of nanoparticles on medicinal plants. Subsequent chapters explore functional genomics and genome editing, showcasing innovative approaches to modifying plant genetics. It also discusses plant-associated microorganisms in the microbiome and endophytic fungi. Furthermore, the book addresses the critical issues of genetic diversity, agrotechnology for sustainable production, intellectual property rights, and the impact of various stresses on medicinal plants. This book serves as a valuable resource for researchers, educators, and students of pharmacology, offering a comprehensive understanding of medicinal plants and their evolving role in science and medicine.

A significant gap exists between traditional knowledge and modern scientific understanding of phytochemicals and ethnobotanical wisdom in botanical science. Despite the commonplace culinary use of many herbs and seasonings, their historical, botanical, and medicinal dimensions often remain overlooked. This gap hinders advancements in various disciplines, including chemistry, pharmacology, botany, and agriculture, limiting the potential for innovative research and sustainable solutions. Ethnobotanical Insights into Medicinal Plants bridges this gap by comprehensively examining these plants'morphology, cultivation techniques, and classifications. This book illuminates their untapped potential and catalyzes innovative healthcare, agriculture, and manufacturing research. Integrating ethnobotanical observations with scientific progress enhances the intellectual domain for academics, researchers, and professionals, paving the way for environmentally sustainable methods of producing bioactive substances. This book is for researchers, students, and professionals and for the general public, fostering a deeper appreciation for the complex dynamics between botanical expertise and daily life. It offers novel paths for investigation, enriching educational resources and providing industry professionals with valuable insights into cutting-edge product development. By cultivating a deeper understanding of the natural world's practical uses, this book acts as a conduit between traditional and contemporary perspectives, enriching lives and advancing knowledge.

This book overviews honey and herbs that profoundly affect human metabolism when mixed in a balanced ratio. It covers various aspects of honey added to herbs and provides collective information and practical approaches regarding herbal honey and its applications as functional food and medicine. Honey has miraculous properties like anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, free radical scavenging, and anti-carcinogenic, so honey has tremendous therapeutic importance. Infusion of extract from various medicinal herbs in honey further modulates its therapeutic potential. This book provides all the information about the essentials of herbs-infused honey and its efficiency in fighting against pathogenic bacteria. It presents the significance and benefits of honey infused with herbs that may promote/boost immunity to fight contagious or non-contagious diseases. Not only does this book explain the comprehensive knowledge of herbal honey and its medicinal properties based on current researched evidence, but it also explores the contribution of herbal honey in the food science and medicine industry as a significant part of nutraceuticals and functional food research. By providing knowledge about the formulation of traditionally used herbs in combination with honey, scientific knowledge can be supplied and made available to the common public which shall probably be a real contribution to society.

Pharmacological Aspects of Essential Oils: Current and Future Trends provides a collection of therapeutic and pharmacological applications of the most researched essential oils of great importance derived from Clove, Cinnamon, Coriander, Turmeric, Thymus zygis, Thyme vulgaris, Ocimum basilicum, Copaifera spp, and Nigella sativa species. The new approach towards using a metal phenolic network with the essential oils as a tool of nanomedicine will surely open a new horizon for the research community. Treating disorders such as diabetes, insomnia, and obesity with essential oils will provide a new area of research. Aromatherapy, which is creating a market especially in the personal health care sector, is also discussed in the book. The relation between chemical composition and different biological properties is well discussed in respective chapters. The other practical topics related to the development of this industry of essential oils have been illustrated with elaborative figures and tables. Providing such updated data on the pharmacological applications of essential oils is an asset to the community associated with the extraction and production of essential oils, biochemist, aromatherapist, agrotechnologists, and nutritionist fraternities. Salient Features: Metal phenolic networks and essential oils as tool of nanomedicine Role of essential oils in aromatherapy Sophisticated development of various advanced techniques in the characterization of essential oils Pharmacological applications of Brazilian aromatic species Role of essential oils in management of diabetes, obesity, and insomnia

The book explores the world of medicinal plants through a groundbreaking and comprehensive book. It delves into high-throughput technologies and multi-omics approaches to unlock the untapped potential of endophytic fungi, revealing novel bioactive compounds. It further talks about the diverse biodiversity and ethnopharmacological knowledge, unravelling the molecular intricacies of secondary metabolites under varying ecological conditions. This gives insights into medicinal plant research, offering cutting-edge insights into genome-based barcoding, nanotechnology, and functional genomics for revolutionary drug discoveries. From proteomic and epigenomic analysis to big data exploration, this book presents a holistic view of medicinal plants'potential and discusses the latest advancements in micropropagation, agronomical approaches, and genome editing, paving the way for transformative medicines and healthcare breakthroughs.It serves as a great resource for academicians, researchers, and pharmacologists.

This book explains the translational aspects of ethnomedicinal plants of different geographical regions including India by explaining the medicinal properties against several diseases, genomic evolution in changing environments, metabolic profiling for biomarker discovery, the role of non-coding RNA in the synthesis of secondary metabolites, genome-wide transcriptome profiling, application of pluripotent stem cells for drug discovery, the importance of high-throughput omics, and genome-editing techniques. In addition, some of the chapters have been designed to describe the role of artificial intelligence, plant database, and network-based drug discovery to explore the medicinal importance of compounds as well as challenges and opportunities in drug discovery from ethnomedicinal plants. The book serves as a great source of information for the students, researchers/scientists of diverse fields such as pharmacognosy, plant physiologists, biotechnologists, and pharmaceutical scientists etc., working in the areas of phytotherapy from ethnomedicinal plants.

Researchers in the field of natural product chemistry and pharmacology focus on discovering new drugs from medicinal plants. The medicinal plants of Sabah (North Borneo), many of which are found in all of Asia and the Pacific, represent a vast array of resources that could be used for the discovery of drugs and the development of cosmetics as well as functional food. No other book focuses on the medicinal plants from this part of the globe in such depth. The author is well known in natural products and this text will appeal to a global audience in presenting the botanical description, chemical constituents, pharmacology, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and functional food potentials of these plants.Features: Describes in a phylogenetic order the habitats, distributions, botanical descriptions, local names, uses, chemical constituents, pharmacological activities, and toxic effects of more than 250 species of medicinal plants of Sabah Provides a selection of botanical plates of medicinal plants endemic to Sabah, hand-drawn by the author Provides comment sections to invite further research on the topic of the development of drugs, dietary products, and cosmetics from Sabah medicinal plants

Herbal Formulations, Phytochemistry and Pharmacognosy combines the principles of natural medicines with refined modern technology to illustrate and promote the development of more ecofriendly, better effective, easily available and affordable drug discovery processes. The book provides classical and applied knowledge in drug discovery to broadly cover related aspects like herbal formulations, phytochemistry and pharmacogenetic research. The drug discovery process accelerates the design of new leads for various life-threatening diseases and natural medicines and has been an integral part of drug discovery, playing a major role as a template and offering holistic approaches for the management of various diseases. - Explores natural products as potential source of novel drugs with new modes of action - Covers recent developments, reporting up-to-date methods - Combines principles of natural medicines with refined modern technology

This book focuses on natural products, in particular medicinal plants and their derived products, as an indispensable source of bioactive molecules that serve as either drug candidates or lead compounds for drug design and discovery. There are several advantages for plant-derived therapeutics, including wide availability, diverse pharmacological actions, and a generally good profile of safety and tolerability. Over the recent years, there have been numerous reports from clinical studies testifying the efficacy and safety of medicinal plants and phytochemicals in treating human diseases. A plethora of basic studies has also unraveled molecular mechanisms underlying the health benefits of herbal medicines. Nevertheless, issues such as identification of bioactive ingredients, standardization of the products, and drug interactions remain to be systematically documented. Bioprospecting of Tropical Medicinal Plants represents a comprehensive analysis of natural products, mainly medicinal plants and phytochemicals. It includes detailed medicinal properties and pharmacological action from in vitro models to clinical trials. The goal is to present the readers a carefully curated collection of plant-derived natural products and their underlying molecular mechanisms.

Coronaviruses can cause illness, severe disease, and death; for example, Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), and COVID-19. Vaccine development and antiviral drugs are challenged by the propensity for viral mutations allowing these viruses to evade such therapies. There are a number of bioactive compounds from natural sources, which can exert health benefits and act as antiviral therapies such as anti-inflammation, antioxidative stress, and immune regulation. This book summarizes research on the potential efficacy and underlying mechanisms of bioactive compounds and traditional medicines against SARS-CoV-2.Key Features Summarizes the potential benefits of bioactive therapies for coronaviruses Focuses on COVID-19, but also covers MERS and SARS Provides alternatives to vaccines and other antiviral drugs whose efficacy is reduced by viral mutations Relevant for clinicians and public health officials

Medicinal chemists around the world have been inspired by nature and have successfully extracted chemicals from plants. Research on enzymatic modifications of naturally occurring compounds has played a critical role in the search for biologically active molecules to treat diseases.This book set explores compounds of interest to researchers and clinicians. It presents a comprehensive analysis about the medicinal chemistry (drug design, structure-activity relationships, permeability data, cytotoxicity, appropriate statistical procedures, molecular modelling studies) of different compounds. Each chapter brings contributions from known scientists explaining experimental results which can be translated into clinical practice.Volume 2 gives (1) a detailed overview of the sesquiterpenes polypharmacology, (2) an interesting journey around the world of cannabinoids that reveals the development of new synthetic Δ9-THC derivatives, (3) the design of specific formulations to overcome the volatility of small sized terpenes-based essential oils, (4) an update on the latest generations of endoperoxides endowed with antimalarial activity and finally (5) a summary of MedChem strategies to fix the most common issues in formulating terpene derivatives (like low potency and poor solubility).The objective of this book set is to fulfill gaps in currently acquired knowledge with information from the recent years. It serves as a guide for academic and professional researchers and clinicians.

Phytopharmaceuticals and Herbal Drugs: Prospects and Safety Issues in the Delivery of Natural Products explores the delivery aspects of plant-based drugs, providing insights into formulation constraints associated with plant-based drugs, the development of novel delivery systems based on polymers or lipids, and how combining natural products with technological advancements in drug delivery is making large strides. Some of the best-selling drugs for the treatment of diseases like cancer, ulcers and malaria are either natural products or their derivatives, all of which are covered in this comprehensive resource. This book will be useful to researchers working in plant-derived medicines and the development of their delivery systems, including sections on their derivatives and analogs that represent over 50% of all drugs in clinical use. Active ingredients originated from plant resources generally exhibit compromised desired effects limited by issues such as stability, solubility, molecular size, bioavailability and toxicity. - Includes perspectives from academic and industry research - Provides information on the safety, regulatory aspects and clinical aspects related to plant-based drugs - Introduces developments of new targeted drug delivery systems

Das Lexikon der Arzneipflanzen und Drogen gibt einen umfassenden Überblick über die heute wie auch in früherer Zeit verwendeten Arzneidrogen. Die 3. Auflage des Lexikons enthält ca. 480 neue Artikel inkl. Strukturformeln der Drogeninhaltsstoffe und wurde um das Gebiet der Nahrungsergänzungsmittel erweitert. In den einzelnen Artikeln wird auf Drogen europäischer Arzneibücher hingewiesen sowie auf solche, die in der europäischen, afrikanischen, amerikanischen oder asiatischen traditionellen Medizin eingesetzt werden. Die Anordnung der Stichwörter erfolgt alphabetisch nach den wissenschaftlichen Namen der Pflanzen/Tiere/Mikroorganismen und beinhaltet Vorkommen bzw. Herkunft der Drogen, Inhaltsstoffe, therapeutische Nutzung bzw. Anwendung in der Volksheilkunde und Homöopathie. Als umfassendes Nachschlagewerk für alle Fragestellungen zu Arzneidrogen wendet sich das Lexikon an Wissenschaftler und Studenten der Pharmazie, Biologie, Medizin, Chemie sowie an Ärztefür Naturheilverfahren, Apotheker, Heilpraktiker und an Mitarbeiter in der Industrie.

This book comprehensively reviews the phytochemistry, functional properties, and health-promoting effects of bioactive compounds found in oil processing by-products, and it also explores the food and non-food applications of these by-products. Several oilseeds, vegetables, and fruits are cultivated for their oils and fats, wherein the oil extraction industry generates a huge amount of waste (meal or cake). The valorisation of this waste would be very beneficial not only from the economic and environmental perspectives, but also for the potential applications in food, cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries, in which phytochemicals derived from vegetable oil and oilseed processing by-products play an important role in, for instance, extending the shelf life of several products and providing added-value properties with their antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. In this work, expert contributors discuss about the added-value of biowaste from common and non-traditional vegetable oils and oilseeds processing, as well as fruit oils processing, and offer an extensive overview of the different bioactive compounds found in extracts from oil processing by-products and their chemical composition. The book also collects several examples in which oil processing by-products are integrated into industrial activities such as food production, livestock production and in pharmaceutical and cosmetics industries. Professionals and scholars alike interested in the recycling of agro-industrial wastes derived from vegetable oil and oilseed processing by-products will find this book a handy reference tool.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of medicinal plants and their interaction with abiotic stress in terms of morphological, physiological, biochemical, and molecular variations, and explains the adaptation and tolerance mechanisms involved. It presents various mechanisms that become operative in medicinal plants to combat stressful situations. The book discusses the secondary metabolites and/or bioactive compounds produced in medicinal plants under abiotic stress conditions, and the use of biostimulants and/or phytoprotectants to alleviate the adverse effects of abiotic stresses on medicinal plants. Additionally, it is likely to address opportunities and challenges in molecular and omics studies of medicinal plants under abiotic stress conditions. Overall, the chapters are developed by eminent subject experts with due care and clarity and cover an up-to-date literature review with relevant illustrations. The book would cater to the need of graduate and post-graduate students, researchers as well as scientists, and may attract the attention of pharmaceutical companies/industrialists and health policymakers.

This book targets new advances in areas of treatment and drug delivery sciences for Malaria. This is the only published book which compiles the complete road map of malarial drug delivery systems along with an overview on the pathology, current state of malaria across the globe, new clinical trials, emerging drugs and evolving novel drug delivery platforms. A wide variety of novel micro-and nano-formulations using promising technologies are being explored to deliver the malarial drug via different administration routes. This book addresses the gap between new approaches and old treatment modalities and how the former is superior in pharmacological performance when tested in in-vitro and in-vivo. Audience from wide range group like from researchers to regulatory bodies can benefit from the compiled information to find out patient needs and addresses a much-needed update to the existing malaria drug delivery research.

Viruses and plagues have constantly threatened the survival of humanity since the evolution of modern man. Medical advances, thanks to the application of remedial plants, have helped to fight back against some of the most nefarious bacterial and viral infections, giving humanity a fighting chance.This fourth volume in the Medicinal Plants in the Asia Pacific for Zoonotic Pandemics series provides an unprecedented, comprehensive overview of the pharmacological activity of more than 100 medicinal plants used for the treatment of microbial infections in Asia and the Pacific. The text discusses the actions of such plants against viruses and bacteria representing a threat of epidemic and pandemic diseases, including COVID-19, with an emphasis on the molecular basis and cellular pathways. Scientific names, botanical classifications and descriptions, medicinal uses, and chemical constituents are presented, along with chemical structures and a vast selection of bibliographical references.FEATURES Introduces the molecular mechanism of natural products from medicinal plants in Asia on bacteria and viruses Includes phylogenetic presentations of a selection of medicinal plants and a chemotaxonomical rationale of antiviral and antibacterial actions Discusses the chemical structure–activity relationship, pharmacokinetics, and bioavailability of antimicrobial principles This book is a useful research tool for postgraduates, academics, and the pharmaceutical, herbal, and nutrition industries looking forward to developing antiviral and antibacterial agents from medicinal plants in Asia. Medicinal Plants in the Asia Pacific for Zoonotic Pandemics is a critical reference for anyone involved in the discovery of leads for the treatment of pandemic viral, bacterial, and infections.'This book will be an important resource for scientists, as well as people passionate about helping to save these critical resources. Perhaps a new drug lead will be identified from at least one of these plants.'—From the Foreword by Dr. Mark S. Butler, MSBChem Consulting, Brisbane, Australia

Semenné rostliny představují podstatnou část globální fytocenózy a jejich sekundární metabolismus vytváří nepřeberné množství organických molekul, z nichž mnohé vykazují příznivé působení na lidský organismus využitelné v terapii či prevenci. Autor sleduje změny, které nastaly v botanické systematice a nomenklatuře u taxonů zastoupených v současném Evropském lékopisu a monografiích EMA za posledních patnáct let, a přidává nové druhy rostlin, které se díky vědeckému zkoumání obsahových látek dostávají do pozornosti farmaceutů, lékařů či jiných zájemců o tuto problematiku. Kniha je doplněna více než 250 originálními fotografiemi.

This book covers a range of topics on exploiting Nigeria's mega biodiversity for food security and health; DNA forensic science and its applications; medical biotechnology and biopharmaceutics; medicinal and underutilized plants; impact and mitigation of antibiotic resistance; bioinformatics applications; medical insect biotechnology; etc. The book will be useful reference material for the scientists and researchers working in the fields of nutraceuticals, molecular diagnostics and DNA forensics, biopharmaceuticals and medical biotechnology, nanotechnology, antimicrobials from indigenous plant species, bioinformatics, etc. Emphasizes recent advances in biotechnologies that will help in tackling emerging global health challenges Provides detailed information on how to harness indigenous bioresources including microorganisms and plants for healthcare delivery Introduces new frontiers in the areas of molecular diagnostics and DNA forensic science and bioinformatics with case studies, recent advances in medical insect biotechnology and molecular genetics of pest use towards the exploitation of arthropod midgut components to develop interventions against infectious diseases Reviews bioactive molecules derived from commonly used and underutilized medicinal plants that could be used to develop novel drugs for improved healthcare delivery Discusses current approaches in medical and biopharmaceutical biotechnology, deployment of inexpensive genomics-based vector surveillance for effective disease outbreak prediction and control of mosquito-borne viruses Hajiya Mairo Inuwa, Ph.D., is Professor in the Department of Biochemistry and Formerly Director, Centre for Biotechnology Research and Training (CBR&T), Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria. Ifeoma Maureen Ezeonu, Ph.D., is Professor of Medical Microbiology and Molecular Genetics in the Department of Microbiology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji, Ph.D., is Associate Professor of Microbiology and Biotechnology and Director of Intellectual Property and Technology Transfer, Edo State University, Uzairue, Nigeria. Abubakar Gidado, Ph.D., is Professor of Biochemistry and Director of North-East Zonal Biotechnology Centre of Excellence at the University of Maiduguri. Emmanuel Olufemi Ekundayo, Ph.D., is Associate Professor of Medical Microbiology and Microbial Genetics, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria. Abdulrazak B. Ibrahim, Ph.D., is a Capacity Development Expert at the Forum for Agricultural Research in Africa (FARA) and Associate Professor of Biochemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.Benjamin Ewa Ubi, Ph.D., is a Professor of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology and Director, Biotechnology Research and Development Centre, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria.

The book provides significant information on some of the promising edible medicinal plants and how these possess both nutritive as well as medicinal value. The significance of these edible plants in traditional medicine, their distribution in different regions and the importance of their chemical constituents are discussed systematically concerning the role of these plants in ethnomedicine in different regions of the world. The current volume focuses on the economic and culturally important medicinal uses of edible plants and a detailed survey of the literature on scientific researches of pharmacognostical characteristics, traditional uses, scientific validation, and phytochemical composition, and pharmacological activities. This book is a single-source scientific reference to explore the specific factors that contribute to these potential health benefits, as well as discussing how to maximize those potential benefits. Chemists, food technologists, pharmacologists, phytochemists aswell as all professionals involved with quality control and standardization will find in this book a valuable and updated basis for their work.

Natural products have historically been key to drug discovery and therapeutic applications throughout many societies. In the modern era, natural bioactive compounds can be isolated, and their effects can be further studied for more successful outcomes. It is essential to study these natural bioactive compounds to enhance pharmaceuticals and drug discovery. Isolation, Characterization, and Therapeutic Applications of Natural Bioactive Compounds examines the applications of natural bioactive compounds from a health perspective. It discusses medicinal and therapeutic applications of natural bioactive molecules as well as the biological activities of different natural products and their properties. Covering topics such as drug discovery, government regulations, and phytochemical extraction, this premier reference source is an excellent resource for pharmacists, medical practitioners, phytologists, hospital administrators, government officials, faculty and students of higher education, librarians, researchers, and academicians.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common inflammatory complication and affects approximately 1% of the global population. It affects three times more women than men. RA is an autoimmune disorder elicited by exposure of genetic factors from the host to unknown antigens causing arthritogenic complaints. It also includes the activation of lymphocytes as well as CD4+ helper T cells along with local release of chronic inflammatory mediators and cytokines like tumor necrosis factor (TNF‐ alpha;) and various cytokines like interleukins (IL) that enormously affect the joints. The available allopathic therapies for RA are not a cure for the complications, and antibody therapy and surgical procedures are expensive.However, in the present era, researchers and healthcare professionals have moved toward natural medicines obtained from plants and other natural sources. Research based on developments in phytomedicine has progressed steadily. Evidence has been collected to show the massive therapeutic potential of medicinal plants used in various traditional systems against many pathological complications. Researchers have focused on the therapeutic potential of natural products used for treatment and counteracting various disorders along with their complications having negligible adverse effects.Natural Products for the Management of Arthritic Disorders compiles current knowledge about the bioactive compounds and herbal formulations useful in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. 11 chapters explain the role of natural products in the management of rheumatoid arthritis. Topics have been contributed by experts in medicinal chemistry and rheumatology.The book first introduces the reader to rheumatoid arthritis before delving into conventional and alternative therapies for the disease. The editors have also included special topics such as the biomarkers for RA, cytokines and anti-inflammatory mediators, preclinical and clinical studies. The range of topics should provide a comprehensive overview of natural remedies for arthritis and the role of natural products in anti-arthritic drug development.The information will be useful for many readers including medical and pharmacology students, multidisciplinary research scholars, scientists, pharma / herbal / food industrialists, and policy makers.

This book discusses different approaches for successful pest-management through biotechnological interventions. Pest management is directly associated with the agricultural productivity. The book introduces the reader to various kinds of biopesticides that have been developed and are being developed for field application. Chemical pesticides have been widely used to control pests, and these induce pesticide resistance as well as other environmental problems. This book discusses the necessity to develop alternate pest control strategies, especially environment-friendly and target-specific biopesticides against destructive pests. The book describes important aspects such as microbial biopesticides, plant-based biopesticides, natural products that act against pests and the various other biotechnological advances and limitations of these biopesticides. It provides an in-depth knowledge of the latest research and development in the area of biopesticides. This informative book is meant for students and researchers in the fields of biotechnology, agriculture and applied microbiology.

This book addresses the resurgence of interest in the rediscovery of ethnomedicinal plants as a source of potential ethnomedicines. In the 21st century, the pharmacological effects of medicinal plants are considered to have a promising future as drugs and medicines for the management of healthcare. Considering the extremely high cost and length of time needed for the development of new drugs, as well as the high drug attrition rate, pharmaceutical companies and researchers continue to explore new ways for drug R&D and focus more attention on the benefits of ethnomedical plants as a source of new compounds for drugs. The research provided in this timely volume examines the development and characterization of new natural drugs from medicinal plants with the aid of better screening methods. The chapters survey specific medicinal plant species and describe the characteristics of each, how the plants work, and their applications for healthcare. The authors provide research on plants from Western Ghats and adjoining areas for ethnomedicinal investigation because this area is very rich in phytodiversity and tribal traditions in phytotherapy and the plants surveyed have applications beyond this region. This book is a valuable medical compendium of plants and is intended as a guide and reference resource for professionals in the field. It reviews the current status of ethnomedicinal plants research in light of the surge in the demand for herbal medicine as a future source of new therapeutics.

The book provides valuable information on wild plants and their ethnopharmacological properties, discussion on ethnobotany, phytotherapy, diversity, chemical and pharmacological properties including antifungal, anti-inflammatory and antiprotozal properties. The chapters include a wide range of case studies, giving updated evidence on importance of wild plant resources from different countries including Nepal, India, Brazil, Chile, Argentina, Colombia, Egypt, Peru, etc. In addition, some specific species are used to explain their potential properties. Discussing traditional usage and pharmacological properties of wild plants, this book is entirely different from other related publications and useful for the researchers working in the areas of conservation biology, botany, ethnobiology, ethnopharmacology, policy making, etc.

This important volume provides a comprehensive overview of hepatotoxicity and medicinal plants used for protecting the liver and for curing liver toxicity and liver diseases. To date, there has been no extensive resource on the plants that are used in this capacity, both in traditional medicine and in modern medicine. This book fills that gap. It presents information on the medicinal plants used in traditional medicine (both codified and noncodified) and in ethnomedicine, including the plant parts used and methods of use and dosages. The phytochemicals extracted from medicinal plants,screened and used in modern medicine for liver protection and curing liver problems, are given in detail, and the methods of screening are given as well. Methods of assay for screening the medicinal plants are also presented. Key features: • Provides complete information on plants that show hepatoprotective properties • Lists and discusses the phytochemicals useful for liver protection and cures • Considers traditional uses and ethnomedicinal plants for liver protection • Details the plant parts and the extracts that have protection properties and the active principles showing hepatoprotection

The demand for traditional medicines, herbal health products, herbal pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, food supplements and herbal cosmetics etc. is increasing globally due to the growing recognition of these products as mainly non-toxic, having lesser side effects, better compatibility with physiological flora, and availability at affordable prices. In the last century, medical science has made incredible advances all over the globe. In spite of global reorganization and a very sound history of traditional uses, the promotion of traditional medicine faces a number of challenges around the globe, primarily in developed nations. Regulation and safety is the high concern for the promotion of traditional medicine. Quality issues and quality control, pharmacogivilane, scientific investigation and validation, intellectual property rights, and biopiracy are some key issues that restrain the advancement of traditional medicine around the globe. This book contains diverse and unique chapters, explaining in detail various subsections like phytomolecule, drug discovery and modern techniques, standardization and validation of traditional medicine, and medicinal plants, safety and regulatory issue of traditional medicine, pharmaceutical excipients from nature, plants for future. The contents of the book will be useful for the academicians, researchers and people working in the area of traditional medicine.

Green synthesis is an emerging method for deriving nanoparticles present in natural plants for use in nanomedicine. Written by experts in the field, Green Synthesis in Nanomedicine and Human Health showcases the exciting developments of this specialty and its potential for promoting human health and well-being.This book gives practical information on novel preparation methods for identifying nanoparticles present in natural plants. It discusses applications of nanoparticles in combating communicable, non-communicable and vector-borne diseases. It also explores the potential for nanoparticles to combat antimicrobial resistance through improvements in treatment methods, diagnostics and drug delivery systems. Features scientific evidence of opportunities for integrating indigenous flora into nanomedicine to develop cost-effective therapeutic and diagnostic solutions for diseases, including cancer, tuberculosis, malaria and diabetes. Places green synthesis and nanomedicine in the African orthodox and traditional healthcare context. Provides policymakers with scientific evidence to inform policies for controlling or mitigating dangerous diseases. This book is essential reading for students, scientists, policymakers and practitioners of nanotechnology, and will appeal to anyone with an interest in integrating traditional African healthcare and Western medicine.

Frontiers in Natural Product Chemistry is a book series devoted to publishing monographs that highlight important advances in natural product chemistry. The series covers all aspects of research in the chemistry and biochemistry of naturally occurring compounds, including research on natural substances derived from plants, microbes and animals. Reviews of structure elucidation, biological activity, organic and experimental synthesis of natural products as well as developments of new methods are also included in the series.

Herbal products have traditionally been used in several industrial sectors and have gained a notable reputation in recent years due to the current trend in society, which seeks natural, healthier, and more sustainable products. The processing of these products, however, is multiplex but important for the production of a high-quality standardised product.Phytotechnology: A Sustainable Platform for the Development of Herbal Products highlights the complex, multidisciplinary process of phytopharmaceutical technology used to create herbal remedies.Organised into four parts, various experts in the field clearly and objectively address the fundamental and technological concepts involved in the manufacturing of high-quality herbal products. Additional Features Emphasises how herbal products have traditionally been used in several industrial sectors, including pharmaceutical science, food, cosmetics, chemical engineering, and agroindustry Provides a much-needed update of the current information regarding phytopharmaceutical technology and focuses on industrial applications Written using a multidisciplinary approach, to include all subjects involved in the processing of herbal products The information presented is valuable reference material for professionals of different specialties who wish to enter this fascinating and innovative area.

Medicinal Plants in Asia and Pacific for Parasitic Infections: Botany, Ethnopharmacology, Molecular Basis, and Future Prospect offers an in-depth view into antiprotozoal pharmacology of natural products from medicinal plants in Asia with an emphasis on their molecular basis, cellular pathways, and cellular targets. This book provides scientific names, botanical classifications, botanical description, medicinal uses, chemical constituents and antiprotozoal activity of more than 100 Asian medicinal plants, with high quality original botanical plates, chemical structures, and pharmacological diagrams and lists hundreds of carefully selected references. It also examines the pharmacological and medicinal applications of Asian medicinal plants especially in drug development for protozoan prevention and treatment. Medicinal Plants in Asia and Pacific for Parasitic Infections is a research tool and resource for the discovery of leads for the treatment of protozoal diseases based on interrelated botanical, biochemical, ethnopharmacological, phylogenetic, pharmacological, and chemical information. - A critical reference for any researcher involved in the discovery of leads for the treatment of antiprotozoal leads From Asian medicinal plants - Written by an expert in the field, this truly unique text fills an important niche do to the increasing global interest in botanical drugs - Provide scientific names, botanical classification, botanical description, medicinal uses, chemical constituents and pharmacological activity of more than 100 Asian plants

Plantas medicinales, aromáticas o venenosas de Cuba fue concebida, tanto para personas con conocimientos científicos, como para el sujeto común. Según el propio Roig, sus objetivos al crearla fueron “facilitar información –lo más completa y exacta que sea posible– acerca de nuestras plantas medicinales o venenosas; proporcionar a nuestros estudiantes de Botánica, Farmacia, Medicina, Agronomía y Veterinaria una fuente de consulta; impulsar el estudio sistemático de la flora médica y toxicológica cubana; y estimular el cultivo y la explotación de las plantas medicinales indígenas o naturalizadas, para crear una industria farmacéutica cubana capaz de proporcionar empleo en las zonas rurales, laboratorios y oficinas comerciales”. En la actualidad, el saber reunido en esta obra constituye consulta obligatoria para todo estudioso de la Botánica o de otras disciplinas afines.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of state-of-the-art applications of nanotechnology in biology and medicine, as well as model organisms that can help us understand the biological activity and associated toxicity of nanoparticles, and devise strategies to minimize toxicity and enhance therapies. Thanks to their high surface-to-volume ratio, nanoparticles are characterized by excellent biocompatibility and bioavailability, a high therapeutic index, and relatively low toxicity, which has led to their widespread application in the early diagnosis of diseases, comprehensive monitoring of disease progression, and improved therapeutics. The book also explores nanoparticle-based insecticides and their mechanisms of action, and provides a comparative analysis of the various model organisms that are used to understand the biological properties of nanoparticles. Further, it describes various in-vivo models that yield important insights into nanomaterial-mediated toxicity, promoting the optimal utilization of nanoparticles. In closing, the book discusses future perspectives and regulatory issues concerning the use of nanomaterials in translational research.

Focusing on phytochemicals and their potential for drug discovery, this book offers a comprehensive resource on poisonous plants and their applications in chemistry and in pharmacology. Provides a comprehensive resource on phytotoxins, covering historical perspectives, modern applications, and their potential in drug discovery Covers the mechanisms, benefits, risks and management protocols of phytotoxins in a scientific laboratory and the usefulness in drug discovery Presents chapters in a carefully designed, clear order, making it an ideal resource for the academic researcher or the industry professional at any stage in their career

This third edition of the Handbook of Poisonous and Injurious Plants is designed to assist the clinician in the initial response to the needs of a child or adult exposed to a poisonous or injurious plant. It highlights common and important plants that lead to the adverse effects upon exposure, and it describes the mechanisms of action of the implicated toxin, clinical manifestations, and specific therapeutics, as available, for each. This truly comprehensive resource is botanically rigorous with insights from both the pharmacognosy and medical literature. At the same time, it is also for those who are interested in growing and enjoying the plants in their environment, filling in a not-often-discussed botanical and horticultural niche that goes beyond their beautiful physical appearance. Plants contain many useful chemicals that humans have used for millennia as botanical curatives. This book will help the reader understand the fine balance between a medication and a poison, why plants contain these natural substances, and their impact on the human body. With its thorough references and full-color photos of hundreds of potentially toxic and injurious plants inside and outside the home, this book is useful for identifying and addressing concerns about cultivated species and those found in the wild. This book will be of interest to botanists, horticulturists, clinicians, and naturalists as well as hikers, gardeners, and all those who simply enjoy the wonders of nature and the great outdoors.

Discovery and Development of Therapeutics from Natural Products against Neglected Tropical Diseases draws together research on medicinal agents from natural sources as starting points for the design of drugs against Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs). From the prediction of promising leads and identification of active agents, to the extraction of complex molecules, the book explores novel, economical and efficacious therapeutics for these diseases. It describes current research and the role of natural products, antimalarial compounds from marine natural products and sesquiterpene lactones, natural antileprotic agents, natural products with potential against Leishmaniasis, Trypanosomiasis and Dengue, and more. In addition, Quinoline and Isoquinoline alkaloids for developing new antiprotozoal agents are discussed, alongside anti-trypanosomatid heterocyclic compounds as structures for development. Combining the expertise of specialists from around the world, this volume aims to support and encourage researchers in the investigation of natural sources as starting points for the development of novel, safe and effective agents for use against neglected tropical diseases. - Includes chapters written by active researchers and leading global experts deeply engaged in the research field of natural product chemistry for drug discovery - Draws together cutting-edge research advances in natural product chemistry that are targeted at neglected tropical diseases - Highlights the future potential of natural products as sources of novel medicinal compounds against neglected tropical diseases

In the present book, the author is going to high-lights the herbal healing practices used by the tribes of Manipur, in whole. The main objective of the text is to connect the folklore herbs with modern herbal practices with chemistry and pharmacology of the herb and ingredients. Many of the plants used by these communities for health care are not described in any ancient Indian scriptures (either Vedic or Samhitas or Nighuntos, etc.), even not found outside the region also. Many of these have not been chemically investigated until the time. Increased interests in natural products for sound-mind and health ailments, many studies are being conducted to identify the bio-actives from plants, to develop food supplements and medicines. Until recently, there has been fragmented information about the effect of folklore medicinal plants used by different tribes. The objectives of the present text are to reveal the great ancestral legacy as a source of new green medicines, as so far no other is available.

Technological innovations have become the impetus for continuous developments in medical research. With the assistance of new technologies, effective drug delivery techniques have been improved for optimal patient care. Recent Advances in Drug Delivery Technology is a pivotal reference source for the latest scholarly research on the application of pharmaceutical technology to optimize techniques for drug delivery in patients. Focusing on novel approaches in pharmaceutical science, this book is ideally designed for medical practitioners, upper-level students, scientists, and researchers.

Focusing on the molecular mechanisms of powerful naturally occurring agents and their implication for drug discovery, this timely book presents an overview of the most recent research advances in the field of bioactive natural products and natural drug formulations to combat today's destructive diseases. To this extent, the authors discuss the most severe neurological disorders in our modern civilization, such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and Huntington's disease, as well as ischemic brain stroke and depression. The emerging diversity of active compounds is covered in detail, including flavonoids, cannabinoids and oleanolic acid, while experts in the field explain the chemistry, mode of action and clinical aspects of novel neuroprotective natural products. In each case, the benefits of treatments using natural products are addressed from the perspective of modern as well as traditional medicine. With its multidisciplinary viewpoint, this is the ideal companion for medicinal and natural products chemists as well as neuroscientists, biochemists, pharmacologists, neurobiologists, and phytotherapists.

Nature is an attractive source of therapeutic and preventive compounds, and with such chemical diversity found in millions of species of plants, over 60% of currently used anticancer agents are derived from natural sources. Cancer Inhibitors from Chinese Natural Medicines summarizes new advancements in the experimental and clinical research of a selection of promising cancer inhibitors. It focuses on the latest scientific investigations of 238 Chinese herbs and discusses important aspects, including the types of inhibitors in the herbs, level of potency, mechanisms, and the advances in modification and formulation. Formulations from nano-particulates and immunotoxins in cancer inhibitors are also included in this comprehensive resource.

The delivery of optimal pharmaceutical services to patients is a pivotal concern in the healthcare field. By examining current trends and techniques in the industry, processes can be maintained and improved. Pharmaceutical Sciences: Breakthroughs in Research and Practice provides comprehensive coverage of the latest innovations and advancements for pharmaceutical applications. Focusing on emerging drug development techniques and drug delivery for improved health outcomes, this book is ideally designed for medical professionals, pharmacists, researchers, academics, and upper-level students within the growing pharmaceutical industry.

De la piel para dentro empieza mi exclusiva jurisdicción. El señor requiere cosas del mundo, pero no entra en relación con sus penurias sino a través del siervo, que se ocupa de transformarlo antes. El psiquismo humano depende de aportaciones externas, pero no toca esas materias sino a través del cuerpo, que las metaboliza previamente. Con todo, algunas moléculas no se transforman en nutrición y provocan de modo directo un tono anímico. Desde ojos cartesianos, son modalidades de cosa extensa que incumplen la regla e influyen sobre la cosa pensante. A caballo entre lo material y lo inmaterial, lo milagroso y lo prosaico, por el juego de un mecanismo puramente químico'ciertas sustancias permiten al hombre dar a las sensaciones ordinarias de la vida y a su manera de querer y pensar una forma desacostumbrada'. Aunque el efecto solo resulte parcial y pasajero, engañoso, aunque nada sea gratis, la posibilidad de afectar el ánimo con un trozo de cosa tangible asegura ampliamente su propia perpetuación. Para los seres humanos comer, dormir, moverse y hacer cosas semejantes resulta inesencial (cuando no imposible) en estados como el duelo por la pérdida de un ser querido, el temor intenso, la sensación de fracaso y hasta la simple curiosidad. En ello se manifiesta la superioridad del espíritu sobre sus condiciones de existencia; y en poder afectar los ánimos mismos reside lo esencial de algunos fármacos: potenciando momentáneamente la serenidad, la energía y la percepción permiten reducir del mismo modo la aflicción, la apatía y la rutina psíquica. Esto explica que desde el origen de los tiempos se hayan considerado un don divino, de naturaleza fundamentalmente mágica.

Para que as plantas medicinais não percam seu valor curativo, deve-se seguir temáticas adequadas, que compreendem os princípios utilizados desde o cultivo até os demais passos que levarão ao emprego de suas substâncias medicinais na doença.

This book looks closely at herbal product development and commercialisation. In spite of an ever-growing demand, there is a dearth of safe and effective herbal products that meet consumers'expectations. Therefore, this book takes it upon itself to elaborate on the development process of herbal insecticides, repellents and biomedicines from a commercialisation point of view. The introductory chapters deal with the various strategies for disease vector control and provide an overview of herbal biomedicines. The subsequent chapter describes plants with mosquito larvicidal activity, including a comprehensive list of lethal concentrations against different mosquito species. The chapter on Himalayan plants discusses potential botanical insecticide sources and their chemical constituents before delving into the topic of natural insecticides of microbial origin and their efficacy against mosquitoes. Plant-derived insecticides belonging to different chemical classes and the extraction, purification and characterisation of bioactive compounds are illustrated, as well. The recent technological advances in the formulation of microbial, biochemical and botanical insecticides are also reviewed. Three chapters focus on important medicinal plants useful for treating human ailments, with special reference to the traditional healing practices of northeastern India. This is followed by a chapter on the production, use and safety of biopharmaceuticals and edible, plant-based vaccines. The intellectual property issues related to herbal products in India including patents, trademarks, geographical indications, trade secrets and traditional knowledge resources are plainly examined. The book ends with a chapter on the herbal product registration process in India, wherein the data requirements for registration, clinical efficacy trials, toxicity studies, quality control, packaging and labelling are clearly explained. In conclusion, this bookis a step-by-step guide for the development of safe, effective and commercially viable herbal insecticides, repellents and biomedicines.

Digenetic trematodes constitute a major helminth group that parasitize human and animals and are a major cause of morbidity and mortality. The diseases caused by trematodes have been neglected for years, especially as compared with other parasitic diseases. However, the geographical limits and the populations at risk are currently expanding and changing in relation to factors such as growing international markets, improved transportation systems, and demographic changes. This has led to a growing international interest to the trematode infections, although factors such as the difficulties entailed in the diagnosis, the complexity of human and agricultural practices, the lack of assessments of the economic costs, or the limited number of effective drugs are preventing the development of control measures of these diseases in humans and livestock. In-depth studies are needed to clarify the current epidemiology of these helminth infections and to identify new and specific targets for both effective diagnosis and treatments. The main goal of the second edition of this book is to present the major trematodes and their corresponding diseases in the framework of modern parasitology, considering matters such as the application of novel techniques and analysis of data in the context of host-parasite interactions and to show applications of new techniques and concepts for the studies on digenetic trematodes. This is an ideal book for parasitologists, microbiologists, zoologists, immunologists, professional of public health workers, clinicians and graduate and post-graduate students.

Antibiotic Resistance: Mechanisms and New Antimicrobial Approaches discusses up-to-date knowledge in mechanisms of antibiotic resistance and all recent advances in fighting microbial resistance such as the applications of nanotechnology, plant products, bacteriophages, marine products, algae, insect-derived products, and other alternative methods that can be applied to fight bacterial infections. Understanding fundamental mechanisms of antibiotic resistance is a key step in the discovery of effective methods to cope with resistance. This book also discusses methods used to fight antibiotic-resistant infection based on a deep understanding of the mechanisms involved in the development of the resistance. - Discusses methods used to fight antibiotic-resistant infection based on a deep understanding of mechanisms involved in the development of the resistance - Provides information on modern methods used to fight antibiotic resistance - Covers a wide range of alternative methods to fight bacterial resistance, offering the most complete information available - Discusses both newly emerging trends and traditionally applied methods to fight antibiotic resistant infections in light of recent scientific developments - Offers the most up-to-date information in fighting antibiotic resistance - Includes involvement of contributors all across the world, presenting questions of interest to readers of both developed and developing countries

Digenetic trematodes constitute a major helminth group that parasitize humans and animals, and are a major cause of morbidity and mortality. The diseases caused by trematodes have been neglected for years, especially as compared with other parasitic diseases. However, the geographical limits and the populations at risk are currently expanding and changing in relation to factors such as growing international markets, improved transportation systems, and demographic changes. This has led to a growing international interest in trematode infections, although factors such as the difficulties entailed in the diagnosis, the complexity of human and agricultural practices, the lack of assessments of the economic costs or the limited number of effective drugs are preventing the development of control measures of these diseases in humans and livestock. In-depth studies are needed to clarify the current epidemiology of these helminth infections and to identify new and specific targets for both effective diagnosis and treatments. The main goal of this book is to present the major trematodes and their corresponding diseases in the framework of modern parasitology, considering matters such as the application of novel techniques and analysis of data in the context of host-parasite interactions and to show applications of new techniques and concepts for the studies on digenetic trematodes. This is an ideal book for parasitologists, microbiologists, zoologists, immunologists, professional of public health workers, clinicians and graduate and post-graduate students.

Toxicological Survey of African Medicinal Plants provides a detailed overview of toxicological studies relating to traditionally used medicinal plants in Africa, with special emphasis on the methodologies and tools used for data collection and interpretation. The book considers the physical parameters of these plants and their effect upon various areas of the body and human health, including chapters dedicated to genotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, cardiotoxicity, neurotoxicity, and specific organs and systems.Following this discussion of the effects of medicinal plants is a critical review of the guidelines and methods in use for toxicological research as well as the state of toxicology studies in Africa. With up-to-date research provided by a team of experts, Toxicological Survey of African Medicinal Plants is an invaluable resource for researchers and students involved in pharmacology, toxicology, phytochemistry, medicine, pharmacognosy, and pharmaceutical biology. - Offers a critical review of the methods used in toxicological survey of medicinal plants - Provides up-to-date toxicological data on African medicinal plants and families - Serves as a resource tool for students and scientists in the various areas of toxicology

Books dealing with medicinal herbs have been forests by man. Furthermore, the knowledge of use­ ful and medicinal plants is lost as soon as tradition much in demand in the last decade, since interest in the use of'healing plants'instead of chemistry vanishes through the import of new products from wrapped up in the form of pills has gradually in­ industrialized countries. Already in 1926, PITTIER creased. Interest in natural methods of healing by regreted that the use as well as the production of medicinal plants advanced with the ecological con­ indigenous medicinal-herbal products, foodstuffs science of man. European officinal plants are well and other local industrial vegetable products, such known and have already been applied for hundreds as special oils, waxes, fibers, tannic substances, cork of years or even more. However, as the tropical etc., diminished alarmingly, as importation of arti­ forests attracted more attention, the great wealth of ficial or foreign products from the USA and Europe increased. This decrease in natural indigenous pro­ useful plants stored in tropical regions became ob­ vious. India is probably a leading country in the duction continues up to the present day such that knowledge of indigenous tropical medicinal plants, also the knowledge of these useful plants is being some of which are also known or are even common gradually forgotten. As local industries disap­ in Europe. Further useful and medicinal plants peared, unemployment consequently increased.