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With the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, ensuring adequate nutrition to secure the growth and well-being, particularly of infants and young children, faced new obstacles. For this publication, an international group of experts in nutrition, metabolism, gastroenterology, endocrinology, and auxology have selected some of the most important papers published between July 2019 and June 2020, exploring topics on children's growth. Each paper is supplemented with editorial comments aiming to highlight lessons that can be learnt. This seventh edition of the yearbook provides a significant contribution to the understanding and management of various aspects of nutrition and growth. It is intended to help healthcare providers in all related areas to study and treat key issues in this field. more...

It is a well-known fact that children's growth depends on the quality of their nutrition. However, the mechanisms of fetal and child growth and their interactions with nutrition have not yet been fully elucidated and still pose a challenge to those engaged in the field. Exchanging concepts and knowledge among professionals of various disciplines thus remains very important. This second'Yearbook'provides an update on the research published between 2013 and 2015. An international team of experts presents papers that shed light on the mechanisms of interaction between nutrition and growth, and provide insight to the readers. Each paper is briefly summarized and supplemented with editorial comments which evaluate the clinical importance of each article and discuss its application.This'Yearbook'is an important tool for practicing physicians, including pediatricians, subspecialists in pediatric gastroenterology, metabolism and nutrition, and endocrinology. Nutritionists and dieticians, as well as other health professionals involved in the care of children, will also find this to be a useful resource. more...

Children's growth is a common concern to all health care providers treating neonates, infants, toddlers, children, and adolescents. Defining the best nutrition for healthy and active children as well as for those who suffer from acute or chronic disease is relevant to the children, their care givers, and to health care providers. For this publication, an international group of experts in nutrition, metabolism, gastroenterology, endocrinology, and auxology have selected some of the most important manuscripts published between July 2018 and June 2019. Each paper is supplemented with editorial comments aiming to highlight the lessons that can be learnt. This book provides a significant contribution to the knowledge base and will help all subspecialties of health care providers dealing with the pediatric age group to get updated on some of the key issues in the interaction between nutrition and growth. more...

Adequate nutrition is a crucial component for child growth. Under- or malnutrition may not only affect present and future growth, but also a child's ability to develop skills. In this publication, specialists in nutrition and growth present some of the best studies from peer-reviewed journals published between July 2016 and June 2017. Each paper is briefly summarized and supplemented with editorial comments which evaluate the clinical importance of each article and discuss its application. This'Yearbook'is an important tool for practicing physicians, including pediatricians, subspecialists in pediatric gastroenterology, metabolism and nutrition, and endocrinology. Nutritionists and dieticians, as well as other health professionals involved in the care of children, will also find this to be a useful resource. more...

Adequate nutrition is a crucial component for child growth. Under- or malnutrition may not only affect present and future growth, but also a child's ability to develop skills. Tremendous efforts are being made to try and understand the mechanisms leading to stunted growth, proper diet composition, and an appropriate rehabilitation diet for children suffering from under- or malnutrition in all age groups during the growth period. In this publication, specialists in nutrition and growth present some of the best studies from peer-reviewed journals published between July 2015 and June 2016. Each paper is briefly summarized and supplemented with editorial comments which evaluate the clinical importance of each article and discuss its application. This'Yearbook'is an important tool for practicing physicians, including pediatricians, subspecialists in pediatric gastroenterology, metabolism and nutrition, and endocrinology. Nutritionists and dieticians, as well as other health professionals involved in the care of children, will also find this to be a useful resource. more...

This new point-of-care pediatric nutrition resource provides practitioners with a valuable and easy-to-use reference when evaluating and managing a pediatric patient's nutritional intake and habits. In-depth tables and charts provide specific metrics to assist the clinician, broken out by age-group, activity level, biochemical value, specific nutrient, food group, and more. The chart can be kept on hand throughout the clinical day to support the assessment of toddlers, school-aged children, adolescents, and young adults. CONTENTS CONSIST OF Nutritional Assessment Biochemical Nutritional Values Daily Nutritional Goals, Ages 2 and Older Caloric Needs per Day Key Eating Recommendations and Serving Sizes Healthy Dietary Pattern for Ages 2–8 and 9–13 Healthy Dietary Pattern for Ages 14–18 Additional Adolescent Nutrient-Specific Concerns Nutrition for Young Athletes Vegetarian and Vegan Diets Cholesterol Vitamin D Iron-Dense Foods Calcium-Dense Foods Fiber-Dense Foods Potassium-Dense Foods Fats Beverages and Milk Vitamin Deficiency Picky Eating/Feeding Difficulties Malnutrition Eating Disorders Food Insecurity more...

This new reference provides primary care clinicians with essential nutrition information, guidance, tools, and resources that are needed to offer patients optimal care concerning nutrition in the primary care setting. In addition, it includes tables designed for at-a-glance reference throughout the chapters, case studies for further learning, nutritional recipes for daily meals, and a frequently asked questions section to address caregivers'and patients'questions. With this authoritative reference, clinicians will learn how toTake a nutrition history.Evaluate growth and development, weight and adiposity, and signs of nutritional deficiency or excess.Complete a nutrition assessment and provide a patient-specific nutrition treatment plan.Select and interpret findings from screening and laboratory tests and diagnostic procedures to assess and manage a patient's nutrition.Use behavioral change strategies and coaching techniques matched to a patient and family's readiness for change, including motivational interviewing, SMART goal setting, problem-solving, self-monitoring, stimulus control, and the 5 A's (ask, assess, assist, advise, arrange).Provide age-specific nutrition guidance for infants, toddlers, preschoolers, school-aged children, and adolescents based on the most up-to-date information, including the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2020–2025.Effectively incorporate scientifically sound nutrition guidance into the treatment of common pediatric concerns, including anemia, reflux, constipation, underweight, childhood overweight and obesity, dyslipidemia, prediabetes, fatty liver disease, hypertension, disordered eating, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and autism spectrum disorder.Consult or refer to registered dietitians and other health care professionals and community resources as appropriate.Screen for food insecurity and connect families with public health resources.Confidently answer the most commonly asked nutrition questions from parents and patients.Advise patients and families on how to integrate nutrition principles into everyday life including through application of culinary medicine. more...

Durante los primeros cinco años de vida de todo ser humano, se presentan cambios relacionados con el crecimiento y el desarrollo que están influenciados por factores genéticos y ambientales, en los que la alimentación desempeña un papel fundamental. Una dieta balanceada incluye la combinación de porciones adecuadas de alimentos de diferentes grupos, como leche y derivados; frutas; verduras; carnes, pollo, huevo y pescados; leguminosas; cereales y tubérculos, raíces y plátanos. Sin embargo, el tamaño de las porciones es diferente de acuerdo con el alimento, la preparación y el tipo de comida en el que sea incluido. Este libro es resultado de una investigación que responde a dos necesidades: por una parte, brindar información sobre el tamaño de las porciones y de los alimentos recomendados para niños de tres a cinco años, teniendo en cuenta los requerimientos de energía y nutrientes, y, por otra, promover prácticas de alimentación saludable que contribuyan al crecimiento y desarrollo de los niños en esta etapa de la vida. Así mismo, se espera que este libro brinde a los profesionales de nutrición y dietética, padres y cuidadores de los niños la oportunidad de identificar, visualizar y llevar a la práctica estas recomendaciones en la evaluación y planeación de una alimentación saludable para los niños, teniendo en cuenta la promoción de la salud y la protección del medio ambiente. more...

Los factores de riesgo sobre la Nutrición Infantil, si no son reconocidos, llevan a trastornos de malnutrición en defecto o en exceso. Existen múltiples situaciones, sociales, geográficas, económicas, culturales como enfermedades que alteran los procesos de la nutrición en el niño que deben ser abordados por el equipo de salud. El conocimiento de sus mecanismos intrínsecos y extrínsecos como sus consecuencias, permite acciones de prevención y de tratamiento. El objetivo de este trabajo es brindar herramientas de conocimiento en las bases fisiopatológicas de situaciones prevalentes que llevan a malnutrición infantil, a los fines de su diagnóstico y tratamiento. El desafío está en marcha, depende de todos los actores involucrados, llegar a los objetivos propuestos, a los fines de una infancia y una juventud sana, que pueda desarrollar sus potencias vitales. more...

Adequate nutrition is crucial for normal child growth and it is important, yet challenging, to define the best nutrition for healthy and active children as well as for those who suffer from acute or chronic disease, considering the varying needs of different age groups. As in past issues, in the present volume of the Nutrition and Growth Yearbook, leading international specialists in nutrition and growth have selected the most interesting studies from peer-reviewed journals published between July 2020 and June 2021, and offer their comments on these manuscripts. This publication provides a significant contribution to the interaction between nutrition and growth as a major issue for growing children, their parents, and the medical teams taking care of them throughout the neonatal period, infancy, childhood, and adolescence. more...

This book is the result of thousands of encounters with tube-fed infants and their families over the past four decades. The ailing and fragile children, suffering from a myriad of medical conditions acted as muses and mentors teaching more than could be expected. This book is addressed to medical professionals, early interventionists, pediatricians, child surgeons, nurses, dieticians, occupational therapists, speech and language pathologists (SLPs), feeding specialists, psychologists, physiotherapists, infant psychiatrists as well as parents. The medically fragile child (MFC) is the subject of the authors'work when it is concerned with enteral nutrition support (ENS) by means of a feeding tube (ENT). As pediatricians and psychotherapists, they have been treating eating and feeding disorders of children since 1986 and with this book they pass on knowledge they have garnered over three decades. Over 5,000 children have been weaned off their feeding tubes. Tube weaning requires the evaluation of medical, nutritional, sensory, developmental, metabolic and growth-related findings. The review of the literature around this subject has provided a source of inspiration as well as critical self-reflection; the authors wish to offer their insight and ideas on how to approach child-led tube-management and tube-weaning to all healthcare professional involved in the management of these children. more...

Los factores de riesgo sobre la Nutrición Infantil, si no son reconocidos, llevan a trastornos de malnutrición en defecto o en exceso. Existen múltiples situaciones, sociales, geográficas, económicas, culturales como enfermedades que alteran los procesos de la nutrición en el niño que deben ser abordados por el equipo de salud. El conocimiento de sus mecanismos intrínsecos y extrínsecos como sus consecuencias, permite acciones de prevención y de tratamiento. El objetivo de este trabajo es brindar herramientas de conocimiento en las bases fisiopatológicas de situaciones prevalentes que llevan a malnutrición infantil, a los fines de su diagnóstico y tratamiento. El desafío está en marcha, depende de todos los actores involucrados, llegar a los objetivos propuestos, a los fines de una Infancia y una Juventud sana, que pueda desarrollar sus potenciales vitales. more...

Pediatric Nutrition for Dietitians is a comprehensive textbook for undergraduate and graduate dietetics students and an invaluable resource for all dietitians working with children. The book discusses specific nutrient needs of each age group from infancy to adolescence in detail with a focus on the key components of nutrition assessment and intervention. Disease-specific chapters describe the common nutrient-related conditions in childhood and follow the ADIME format used in clinical practice. These chapters are written by clinical experts consisting of a combination of physicians and dietitians. Each disease-specific chapter ends with an ADIME table summarizing nutritional care for the specific population and serves as a quick guide for managing patients. This book provides dietitians with the nutrition assessment and intervention tools needed to adapt to the ever-changing landscape of pediatric nutrition and provide expert nutrition care regardless of the situation. more...

A virtual workshop series titled Approaches to Assessing Intake of Food and Dietary Supplements in Pregnant Women and Children 2 to 11 Years of Age was convened in May, 2021 by the Food and Nutrition Board of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. The four-day workshop series explored the evidence on methodological approaches to assessing intake of food and dietary supplements in pregnant women and children 2 to 11 years of age. Obtaining reliable and valid dietary intake information for these population groups is particularly difficult - in pregnancy, rapid changes in nutrient needs and dietary intakes occur, and in young children, much of dietary intake is consumed outside the home and is often misreported by the children or their proxy reporters. To advance the quality of the science in these areas, the workshop had four goals: identify the suite of current methods used in dietary assessments, including food and dietary supplements, in pregnant women and children 2 to 11 years of age; identify the methodological challenges and opportunities in improving current methods; explore methodologies in other disciplines and their application in dietary assessments in those populations; and discuss factors to consider when implementing dietary assessment tools in those populations. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions of the workshop series. more...

Infant, Child and Adolescent Nutrition: A Practical Guide, Second Edition, is an evidence-based, practical guide introducing readers to the theory behind optimal child nutrition. Containing practical advice on how to put that theory into practice, this new edition facilitates learning through case studies, key points, and learning activities. Divided into seven sections, chapters cover prenatal nutrition and nutrition throughout childhood from preterm babies to adolescents up to the age of 18.Sections throughout focus on topics ranging from nutrient requirements, balanced eating patterns and common problems to cultural influences on food choices and guidelines on assessing growth and dietary intakes. Prevention and management of obesity and allergies are covered in separate chapters. The first 1000 days are given particular consideration with chapters on diets for preconception, pregnancy, milk feeding and complementary feeding during infancy. The chapter on nutritional treatments covers common conditions such as diabetes and Crohn's disease, as well as more intricate feeding regimes and tube feeding required for children with rarer diseases and syndromes. New in this second edition are:· Changes in in food allergy prevention and oral immunotherapy treatments.· Causes and management strategies to deal with fussy and selective eating in toddlers.· The importance of iodine in diets before and during pregnancy to improve children's cognitive abilities.· Updated recommendations on vitamin D supplementation.This second edition is an essential reading for students taking courses in nutrition and paediatric healthcare. It serves as a useful reference for individuals responsible for the nutritional intakes of children in primary care and community settings including early years practitioners, midwives, health visitors, school nurses and governors, social workers, paediatricians and general practitioners.About the AuthorJudy More BSc, RD, RN is a Paediatric Dietitian, Honorary Lecturer at the University of Plymouth, UK and Director of Child-nutrition.co.uk Ltd, London, UK. more...

Infants and children are regularly fed with processed foods, yet despite their importance in human development, these foods are rarely studied. This important book provides an exhaustive analysis of key technologies in the development of foods for babies and children, as well as the regulation and marketing of these food products. Contributors cover different aspects of food science and technology in development of baby foods, making this text an unique source of information on the subject. Food Science, Technology, and Nutrition for Babies and Children includes relevant chapters on infant milk formulas, essential fatty acids in baby foods, baby food-based cereals and macro- and micronutrients. This book also offers alternatives from the point of view of food technology for babies and children with special diet regimes associated to metabolic or enzymatic diseases such as allergy to casein, phenylalanine (phenylketonuria or commonly known as PKU) and gluten (celiac disease), or lactose intolerance. This book also addresses some nutritional aspects of babies and children in terms of the childhood obesity, child's appetite and parental feeding. With its comprehensive scope and up-to-date coverage of issues and trends in baby and children's foods, this is an outstanding book for food scientists and technologists, food industry professionals, researchers and nutritionists working with babies and children. more...

Clinical Paediatric Dietetics, Fifth Edition continues to provide a very practical approach to dietary management of children with an extensive range of disorders. Thoroughly revised to reflect the most recent scientific and medical literature, this new edition proves to be an indispensable guide for both acute and community-based healthcare professionals. New and expanded content covering a range of disorders, treatments and guidelines has been introduced to the fifth edition, from diabetes technology and the ketogenic diet, to renal tubular disorders, refeeding syndrome, and blended diets in enteral nutrition. This authoritative volume: Supports contemporary evidence-based clinical practice Covers inherited metabolic disorders and diseases of all major organ systems Provides contributions from practising paediatric dietitians, academic research dietitians and a paediatric psychiatrist Includes worked examples, real-world case studies and easy-to-use tables Produced in collaboration with the British Dietetic Association (BDA) and the BDA Paediatric Specialist Group, Clinical Paediatric Dietetics is an invaluable resource for all healthcare practitioners caring for children. more...

Biochemical parameters represent better, precise, and objective tools toward the assessment of the nutritional status of children in comparison to anthropometric, clinical, and dietary methods. They constitute laboratory tests to estimate the concentration of circulating nutrients in body fluids. Biochemical parameters are suggestive of acute or subclinical conditions when other methods of nutritional assessment fail to interpret the condition. These parameters exhibit substantial variability in their reproducibility. Moreover, these parameters are novel tools in the hands of clinicians for screening of the nutritional status of children.Key Features Covers the latest biochemical parameters for nutritional assessment Updated content is useful for clinicians, nutritionists, and general practitioners A unique and concise treatise covering descriptive and research-based work on a crucial health issue of worldwide prevalence About the AuthorAnil Gupta, PhD, is the Dean of Research at Desh Bhagat University and Professor and Head, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry at Desh Bhagat Dental College and Hospital, Mandi Gobindgarh, Punjab, India. more...

The new eighth edition of this bestselling AAP policy manual on pediatric nutrition has been significantly updated and includes many new contributing authors. This valuable reference covers how nutrients influence and direct growth and development, as well as immediate and long-term health, from birth through adolescence. This evidence-based manual reflects the current policies and practices recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Nutrition.New in the eighth edition:New chapter on Pediatric Global NutritionOther chapters have been completely reorganized, based on new information from publications in nutritional science and new evidence based guidelines recommending changes in practice.New policy statement on sugary drinks, and new clinical reports on food insecurity, fruit juice consumption, non-nutritive sweeteners, fish and shellfish consumption, and use of donor human milk for the preterm infantUpdated growth charts for preterm infants after birth including BMI. more...

Las ultimas décadas son testigos de avances científicos que documentan claramente la interdependencia entre la nutrición, la salud, y el desarrollo de la sociedad. Esta interdependencia ocurre a nivel familiar, comunitario, local, y mundial. La nutrición temprana inadecuada tiene un impacto inmenso y permanente en la salud a largo plazo. Durante los primeros mil días de vida (la etapa fetal hasta los primeros dos años de vida) la nutrición del individuo define no solo el desarrollo físico y potencial cognitivo, sino que en gran medida determina la programación metabólica, inmunológica, y modula los comportamientos alimentarios del individuo - para toda su vida. Además, el efecto y el impacto de esta programación es transgeneracional. Este libro incluye como objetivo definir y describir los elementos básicos de la evaluación nutricional, así como los mecanismos y consecuencias a corto y largo plazo de la nutrición adecuada e inadecuada en las diferentes etapas de la vida temprana. Los contenidos son producto de un laudable esfuerzo de expertos mexicanos en el campo científico, clínico y académico, y constituye una herramienta de utilidad para la difusión y educación en nutrición de todos aquellos que pueden contribuir a la salud de los niños y futuros miembros de la sociedad. Índice de capítulos (extracto) SECCIÓN I. BASES DE LA NUTRICIÓN Y DE LA ALIMENTACIÓN Coordinador: Javier Luna Carrasco 1. Estado de la nutrición materno-infantil en México. 2. Fundamentos de nutrición: papel de los nutrientes en la salud del niño. 3. Fundamentos de la evaluación nutricional integral. 4. Aspectos actuales de microbiota y su efecto en la salud. SECCIÓN II. NUTRIGENÓMICA Y NUTRIGENÉTICA Coordinadora: Paola Vázquez-Cárdenas 5. Conceptos fundamentales de programación metabólica temprana y la ventana de los 1000 días. 6. Principios prácticos de nutrigenética y nutrigenómica: aplicaciones clínicas. SECCIÓN III. NUTRICIÓN PERINATAL Coordinadora: Otilia Perichart Perera 7. Evaluación del estado nutricio durante el embarazo y la lactancia. 8. Alimentación saludable en el embarazo y la lactancia. 9. Nutrición preventiva en la embarazada con riesgo de complicaciones metabólicas y no metabólicas. 10. Suplementación de nutrientes en el embarazo y la lactancia. 11. Microbioma y probióticos durante el embarazo. SECCIÓN IV. LACTANCIA MATERNA Y ESTRATEGIAS ALTERNATIVAS Y COMPLEMENTARIAS DE LACTANCIA Coordinador: Raúl Garza Bulnes 12. Evaluación nutricional del recién nacido y el recién nacido pretérmino. 13. Nutrición y alimentación del recién nacido prematuro. 14. Lactancia materna: conceptos fundamentales y dinamismo. 15. Alternativas eficaces de lactancia en los primeros años de la vida. 16. Probióticos en el lactante con trastornos del eje cerebro-intestino-microbioma. SECCIÓN V. ALIMENTACIÓN COMPLEMENTARIA ESTRATÉGICA Y RACIONAL Coordinador: Arturo Perea Martínez 17. Fundamentos y principios básicos de la alimentación complementaria estratégica, racional y con efectos epigenéticos. 18. Hábitos de vida saludables en los primeros años de la vida e impacto en la prevención de enfermedades futuras. SECCIÓN VI. IMPACTO DE MICRONUTRIENTES E INGREDIENTES BIOFUNCIONALES EN LOS PRIMEROS AÑOS DE VIDA Coordinador: Pedro Gutiérrez-Castrellón 19. Evaluación nutricional integral en pediatría. 20. Hierro y neurodesarrollo. 21. Vitamina D y su efecto en la salud del lactante. 22. Ácidos grasos omega 3 y omega 6. 23. Oligosacáridos de leche humana y sus efectos sobre la nutrición del lactante. 24. Probióticos en los primeros años de vida. SECCIÓN VII. NEURODESARROLLO Coordinador: Rolando Rivera González 25. Evaluación integral del neurodesarrollo. 26. Alimentación y neurodesarrollo en los primeros 1000 días de vida. Aspectos neurofuncionales básicos integrados. 27. Componentes de la alimentación que influyen en el neurodesarrollo. Integración sistémica de la alimentación al desarrollo integral del niño. SECCIÓN VI more...

Malnutrition among children remains a persistent problem around the world. This publication aims to map the challenges within the global landscape of childhood nutrition and considers the importance of nutrition both prior to conception and in children beyond two years of age. Session I provides an updated picture of malnutrition around the world, the recent progress that has been made in eliminating malnutrition in all its forms and several data limitations to track such progress. The role of milk in early life is covered in session II. The chapters describe different aspects of cow's milk and the possible role of optimized plant proteins as an alternative to dairy ingredients in treating children with severe acute malnutrition. Session III considers the ramifications of environmental constraints to healthy child growth. The chapters cover the issue of how persistent gut damage and systemic inflammation can precipitate malnutrition as well as the putative effects of alterations in the gut microbiota. This overview of diverse issues is relevant to the epidemiology, biology of nutrition in early life, programmatic implications, and future directions. more...

Optimal nutrition is difficult to achieve. Insufficient energy and nutrient intake leads to inadequate growth, whereas too much can result in increased risk of non-communicable diseases (mainly obesity) and may adversely affect children with chronic diseases. Our understanding of the pathophysiology of inappropriate growth and the pathways involved in optimal and catch-up growth is constantly evolving. There is also new data emerging on the role of genes and the interaction between nutrition and epigenetic changes involved in growth, as well as on the interplay between nutrition and growth factors and hormones in health and disease states. In this latest yearbook, noted specialists present leading studies related to various aspects of nutrition and growth published between July 2017 and June 2018. Each study is summarized, with comments, providing additional and helpful views of interpretation. The book will provide useful and valuable information for health care providers, physicians, nurses, dieticians, scientists, and anyone else interested in nutrition. more...

This salient resource offers clinicians a comprehensive multi-tiered framework for identifying, addressing, and reducing food insecurity among children and their families. Reinforcing the importance of food insecurity as a key social determinant of health, this monograph reviews the epidemiology and presents in-depth guidelines for screening for food insecurity and hunger. Recommendations for screening in a busy clinical setting as well as the strengths and limitations of widely-used instruments are discussed. The monograph also outlines a variety of clinic-level interventions, potential community-based resources, and opportunities for clinical-community partnerships to improve families'food access and security. Further, contributors provide workable plans for large-scale advocacy through greater engagement with professional and community resources as well as policymakers. The monograph concludes with an outline of the critical steps to implement a food insecurity screeningprocess and the key components to train the next generation of provider-advocates. Included in the coverage: Epidemiology and pathophysiology of food insecurity Screening tools and training Scope of interventions to address food insecurity Creation and evaluation of the impact of food insecurity-focused clinical-community partnerships on patients and populations Development of an action plan to fight food insecurityIdentifying and Addressing Childhood Food Insecurity in Healthcare and Community Settings will find an engaged audience among physicians and other clinicians who want to address food insecurity in their healthcare and/or community setting. Institutions that are starting to address social determinants of health, including food insecurity, will find guidance on screening tools, processes and evaluation of impact. more...

In Pediatric Behavioral Nutrition Factors: Environment, Education, and Self-Regulation, the editor carefully selected each chapter individually to provide a nuanced look at how environment, education, and self-regulation impact pediatric nutrition. All the various factors that intertwine with and influence nutrition are not yet known, and we often assume that poor nutrition is a socioeconomic issue. This is a massive, multifaceted topic. The articles in this compendium make clear that this simplistic assumption is not accurate; they were chosen to present as accurate a total image as possible, based on recent research. The final chapters offer innovative interventions that should become the foundation for ongoing investigation. more...

Vous l'attendez, cet heureux événement! Et même s'il n'est encore qu'un fœtus dont vous avez entrevu la silhouette au cours d'une émouvante échographie, vous débattez déjà de son alimentation. Sera-t-il nourri au sein maternel? au biberon? Bientôt, vous vous interrogerez sur la diversification alimentaire. Vous entendrez aussi parler de néophobie. Vous découvrirez qu'il est nécessaire d'éduquer votre enfant au goût et que vos pratiques influenceront son comportement alimentaire.À la lecture du mot obésité, vous angoisserez d'autant plus que l'adolescent qui émerge à présent sous vos yeux étonnés semble parfois faire des choix alimentaires éloignés de vos principes. Dans ce domaine, beaucoup de on-dit sont énoncés par les médias et propagés par chacun de nous, le pédiatre jouant bien souvent le rôle de modérateur.Curieux de nature, l'auteur a retracé l'expérience de son enfance. Il a alors passé cette trame romancée au crible de la science en allant interroger des chercheurs de différentes disciplines. Accompagné et guidé dans sa démarche par une chercheuse réputée, il raconte ainsi cette tranche de vie qu'il livre aux apprentis parents d'aujourd'hui et de demain sous la forme de ce petit ouvrage… à déguster sans modération! more...

The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) began 40 years ago as a pilot program and has since grown to serve over 8 million pregnant women, and mothers of and their infants and young children. Today the program serves more than a quarter of the pregnant women and half of the infants in the United States, at an annual cost of about $6.2 billion. Through its contribution to the nutritional needs of pregnant, breastfeeding, and post-partum women; infants; and children under 5 years of age; this federally supported nutrition assistance program is integral to meeting national nutrition policy goals for a significant portion of the U.S. population. To assure the continued success of the WIC, Congress mandated that the Food and Nutrition Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) reevaluate the program's food packages every 10 years. In 2014, the USDA asked the Institute of Medicine to undertake this reevaluation to ensure continued alignment with the goals of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans. This, the second report of this series, provides a summary of the work of phase I of the study, and serves as the analytical underpinning for phase II in which the committee will report its final conclusions and recommendations. more...

The field of pediatric nutrition has developed into an area essential to the components of academic pediatric programs throughout the world. Fundamental aspects of health and disease are strongly related to the'nutritional environment'(nutritional status and dietary intake). Nutrition in Pediatrics, 5th edition provides a comprehensive and accessible approach to pediatric nutrition.The 5th edition continues the expansion of the section on pediatric obesity: epidemiology, pathophysiology, assessment and treatment. It includes new chapters on celiac disease, food allergies, and iron.This edition also includes expanded and updated chapters on international nutrition, including focused chapters on nutrition in low- and middle-income countries.The text is divided into seven sections: General Concepts in Pediatric Nutrition, Physiology and Pathophysiology, Perinatal Nutrition, Obesity, Nutrition in Low- and Middle-Income Countries, Nutritional Aspects of Specific Disease States, and Approach to Nutritional Support. KEY FEATURES The valuable and comprehensive appendices—Nutritional Assessment, Nutritional Requirements, and Enteral Products—have been retained and updated in the new edition.Chapters new to this edition include'Functional Food Ingredients: Probiotics, Prebiotics, Nutraceuticals, and Phytochemicals';'Diet, Environment, and Gut Microbiota in the Metagenomic Era';'Childhood Obesity Prevention'; and'Nutrition Support Teams.'The previous edition's chapter on international nutrition has been expanded into a new section on nutrition in low- and middle-income countries, with the following new chapters:'The Nutrition Transition and Global Child Health,''Infant and Young Child Feeding in Low- and Middle-Income Countries,''Child Nutrition and Economic Development,''Global Interventions in Child Health,'and'Obesity in Developing Economies.' more...

There is ample evidence that early-life nutrition plays a powerful role in programming a person's development, metabolism and health for the future. Optimizing early nutrition may reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases, allergies, diabetes and obesity, and positively influence immune function as well as cognitive and behavioral outcomes later in life. The first part of this book covers the impact of nutrition on the immune system, the role of gut microbiota in the immune status, as well as the prevention and management of food allergies in children. The second part is dedicated to obesity prevention: experts in epigenetics and metabolic programming share scientific evidence on the use of biomarkers for predicting the risk of early obesity. They also discuss potential strategies for interrupting intergenerational cycles of obesity during pregnancy, early infancy and childhood. The last part covers complementary feeding and its importance in short- and long-term health, and how it can affect behavioral and psychological aspects, as well as food preferences in later life. more...