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This book highlights those rare, difficult to diagnose or controversial cases in contemporary clinical neuropsychology. The evidence base relevant to this type of work is almost by definition insufficient to guide practice, but most clinicians will encounter such cases at some point in their careers. By documenting the experiences and learning of clinicians who have worked with cases that are ‘out of the ordinary', the book addresses an important gap in the literature.The book discusses 23 challenging and fascinating cases that fall outside what can be considered routine practice. Divided into three sections, the text begins by addressing rare and unusual conditions, defined as either conditions with a low incidence, or cases with an atypical presentation of a condition. It goes on to examine circumstances where an accurate diagnosis and/or coherent case formulation has been difficult to reach. The final section addresses controversial conditions in neuropsychology, including those where there is ongoing scientific debate, disagreement between important stakeholders, or an associated high-stakes decision. This text covers practice across lifespan and offers crucial information on specific conditions as well as implications for practice in rare disorders.This book will be beneficial for clinical neuropsychologists and applied psychologists working with people with complex neurological conditions, along with individuals from medical, nursing, allied health and social work backgrounds. It will further be of appeal to educators, researchers and students of these professions and disciplines.

Memory is a cognitive process that has been addressed widely in scientific study. In fact, the number of original research articles that have attempted to characterize memory from different approaches is so vast that integrating the knowledge derived from this extensive body of scientific research makes formal compilations, such as the one offered to the reader in this book, necessary. Psychobiological Principles of the Memory Process is a particularly useful book by virtue of the fact that it addresses genetic, molecular, cellular, and systematic aspects related to the organization and performance of memory, under both normal conditions and those associated with pathology, and because it examines clinical and experimental approaches throughout development. The 7 chapters that make up the book were written with a homogeneous structure and in clear, concise scientific language that is adequate for specialists and science students, but is also accessible to non-specialized, or amateur, neuroscience readers.

Most people think of Alzheimer's disease as a condition which predominately affects elderly people, but an increasing amount of evidence indicates that in populations exposed to high concentration of air pollutants, Alzheimer's disease development and progression can be identified in pediatric and young adulthood ages. Cognitive, olfactory, gait, equilibrium and auditory alterations are seen early, thus the concept of decades-long asymptomatic period prior to clinical cognitive impairment does not apply to the millions of people exposed day in and day out to polluted environments. This book Alzheimer's Disease and Air Pollution – The Development and Progression of a Fatal Disease from Childhood and the Opportunities for Early Prevention is a compilation of work by researchers intent on revealing the links between air pollution and neurodegeneration. The book is divided into 6 sections. It includes a section describing the ways in which air pollution from traffic and tobacco smoke can damage the brain; epidemiological studies establishing a strong link between dementia and particulate matter and ozone; papers explaining the properties of pollution; and works describing the intricate pathways which transform normal neurons into ghost tangles surrounded by a devastated brain. Air pollution is complex; different pollutants, different sizes and shapes and different portals of entry, play different roles, but their capacity to damage neural tissue is abundantly illustrated in this book, which highlights the need for preventive measures to protect the millions of people currently exposed to air pollutants, and the need to ameliorate their harmful effects.

Risk Factors for Psychosis: Paradigms, Mechanisms, and Prevention combines the related, but disparate research endeavors into a single text that considers all risk factors for psychosis, including biological, psychological and environmental factors. The book also introduces the ethics and current treatment evidence that attempts to ameliorate risk or reduce the number of individuals with risk factors developing a psychotic disorder. Finally, the book highlights new research paradigms that will further enhance the field in the future. Psychotic disorders affect more than 50 million people worldwide, creating a devastating effect on lives and causing major financial and emotional impact on families and on society as a whole. The search for risk factors for psychosis has developed rapidly over the past decades, invigorated by changes in the thinking about the malleability and treatability of psychotic disorders. The paradigms for investigating psychosis risk have developed, often in parallel, but there has been no book to date that has summarized and synthesized the current approaches. - Integrates research from biological, psychological and environmental factors into a single resource - Offers insight into at-risk paradigms, biomarkers, and the current state of research on treatment option for psychosis - Presents a holistic and dynamic look at risk syndromes and how they can be measured through neuroimaging, neuropsychology and other methods

Personalized Psychiatry presents the first book to explore this novel field of biological psychiatry that covers both basic science research and its translational applications. The book conceptualizes personalized psychiatry and provides state-of-the-art knowledge on biological and neuroscience methodologies, all while integrating clinical phenomenology relevant to personalized psychiatry and discussing important principles and potential models. It is essential reading for advanced students and neuroscience and psychiatry researchers who are investigating the prevention and treatment of mental disorders. - Combines neurobiology with basic science methodologies in genomics, epigenomics and transcriptomics - Demonstrates how the statistical modeling of interacting biological and clinical information could transform the future of psychiatry - Addresses fundamental questions and requirements for personalized psychiatry from a basic research and translational perspective

POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: From Neurobiology to Treatment presents a comprehensive look at this key neuropsychiatric disorder. The text examines the neurobiological basis of posttraumatic stress and how our understanding of the basic elements of the disease has informed and been translated into new and existing treatment options. The book begins with a section on animal models in posttraumatic stress disorder research, which have served as the basis of much of our neurobiological information. Chapters then delve into applications of the clinical neuroscience of posttraumatic stress disorder. The final part of the book explores treatments and the way in which our basic and clinical research is now being converted into treatment methods. Taking a unique basic science to translational intervention approach, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: From Neurobiology to Treatment is an invaluable resource for researchers, students, and clinicians dealing with this complex disorder. Comprehensive coverage of this key neuropsychiatric disorder Chapters written by a global team of experts on basic and clinical aspects of posttraumatic stress disorder Takes a translational approach, moving from basic research to clinical interventions

Neuropsychopharmacology: A Tribute to Joseph T. Coyle is a new volume from Advances in Pharmacology presenting reviews of recent breakthroughs in glutamate pharmacology and a tribute to one of the most influential neuroscientists of our times. With a variety of chapters and the best authors in the field, the volume is an essential resource for pharmacologists, immunologists, and biochemists alike. - Features contributions from the best authors in the field - Provides an essential resource for pharmacologists, immunologists, and biochemists - Includes new approaches for diagnosing and treating major neurological and psychiatric diseases - Features a tribute to one of the most influential neuroscientists of our times

A “clear, witty, and engaging” (The Boston Globe) journey through the brain that connects neuroscience, biology, and culture. An “intellectual landmark” (Edward Shorter, Literary Review of Canada).The current view of delusions—the strange beliefs held by people with schizophrenia and other psychiatric illnesses—is that they are the result of biology gone awry, of neurons in the brain misfiring. In Suspicious Minds, Dr. Joel Gold and his brother Ian Gold argue that delusions are the result of the interaction between the brain and the social world. They present “a dual broadside: against a psychiatric profession that has become infatuated with neuroscience as part of its longstanding attempt to establish itself as ‘real medicine,'and against a culture that has become too networked for its own good” (The New York Times). The book “amounts to nothing less than a frontal—or perhaps pre-frontal—challenge to the dominant view of modern psychiatry, which looks to neuroscience to explain disorders of the mind” (The Washington Post). In “a droll Oliver Sacksian tone” (The Village Voice), the Golds reveal intriguing case studies: the man who was dead and in hell, the woman who could raise the dead at Ground Zero, the man who killed God, and the people who believed they were like the characters in the film The Truman Show. These “page-turning case studies” (New Republic) of delusion “offer a fascinating and intimate portrait of psychosis” (Scientific American). “They provide more proof that no fantasist can hope to match the wonders—and horrors—of the human mind” (The Washington Post).

The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is the anterior part of the frontal lobes of the brain, lying in front of the motor and premotor areas and has been implicated in planning complex cognitive behavior, personality expression, decision making and moderating social behavior. In this book, the authors discuss the developmental differences, executive and cognitive functions and role in neurological disorders relating to the functioning of the prefrontal cortex. Topics include developmental long-chain omega-3 fatty acid deficiency and prefrontal cortex pathology in psychiatric disorders; addiction and the prefrontal cortex; cognitive functioning and prefrontal cortex damage in children and adolescents; prefrontal cortex dysfunction and neurocognitive deficits in schizophrenia; and the developmental relationship between executive function and the prefrontal cortex in young children.

This title acts as a primer, giving students and newcomers to the field an opportunity to learn about the breadth of the CNS drug discovery. The book outlines the core processes in drug discovery and development for CNS disorders, from evaluating drugs for desirable efficacy, safety and pharmacokinetic features in preclinical (using in vitro and in vivo models) and clinical experimentation to identifying future drug targets. Containing up-to-date experimental evidence and detailing the main impediments in the pipeline of CNS drug discovery and development, this is a key reference for those involved in all stages of CNS drug discovery. Key Features: Discusses in detail the key stages of CNS drug discovery, outlining the particular requirements and obstacles for CNS drugs Addresses safety concerns and future drug targets Provides succinct background information about the major CNS diseases Examples of specific drugs are used throughout to describe the development of a new drug from conception to clinical use and post-market surveillance Primary reasons for drug failure are given for each stage