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The past decade has witnessed a revolution in our understanding of microglia, especially since their roles in the healthy CNS have started to unravel. These cells were shown to actively maintain health, in concert with neurons and other types of CNS cells, providing further insight into their crucial involvement with diseases. Edited by Drs. Marie-Ève Tremblay and Alexei Verkhratsky, Microglia: Physiology, Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Potential shares with the scientific and medical community the latest discoveries in the microglial research field, with a truly comprehensive collection of chapters written by the top specialists across five continents. The book begins by explaining briefly what they are, from both historical and evolutionary points of view, and how they can be studied. The first section explains their physiological roles in the maturation, function, and plasticity of the CNS. The second section focuses on their general involvement in neuropathophysiology, and the third section on their critical implication in specific CNS diseases, including neurotrauma, neuropathic pain, ischemia and stroke, infectious diseases, autoimmune diseases, neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders, substance use and addiction, sleep disorders, ageing, and neurodegenerative diseases. The fourth section presents their clinical potential as a targeted therapeutic tool for these CNS diseases.

This book reviews neurophysiological biomarkers in neuropsychiatric disorders from the viewpoint of the 21st Century Cures Act, which encourages the use of biomarkers for a variety of purposes during drug development. It covers both traditional etiologic uses of biomarkers and the more recent Biomarkers, EndpointS, and other Tools (BEST) classification scheme used by the FDA, which permits biomarkers for purposes of susceptibility, diagnosis, monitoring, prognosis, pharmacodynamics/response, and safety. The first section of the book describes potential uses of neurophysiologic biomarkers. Subsequent sections focus on a wide range of conditions, including schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorder, Parkinson's disease, and depression, as well as cross-diagnostic and translational uses, including monkey and rodent analogs. The purpose of the book is to help clinicians understand how neurophysiological biomarkers may be used to understand and manage clinical conditions; to help researchers to understand how biomarkers may be used translationally to test specific theories; and to help pharma investigators to understand how biomarkers can be used to accelerate treatment development.

This book presents the ‘state of the art'of biomarkers research in neuropsychiatric conditions, from dementia to eating disorders, as well as providing methodological, practical and ethical issues related to the development of biomarkers. Biomarkers have revolutionized clinical research and practice in most fields of medicine, but psychiatry has lagged behind. However, in the last decade, there has been a growing expectation that biomarkers will advance and, ultimately, reframe psychiatry research and practice. Biomarkers might inform about diagnosis, therapeutics, prognosis, contributing to a ‘personalized medicine'. Understanding their meaning, possibilities and limitations will help clinicians, researchers and students in the related areas navigate and excel in the challenging and ever changing field of neuropsychiatric disorders.

The importance of this unique book's approach lies in addressing the impact of neurobiological factors as well as psychological influences on brain recovery following injury. There is growing evidence that emotional, motivational, and cognitive factors along with personality traits play a crucial role in brain plasticity, resilience, and recovery. Topics include synaptic and neuronal plasticity, development of brain reserves, biological markers, environmental factors, emotional resilience, and personality traits. By combining the latest research on neural mechanisms and psychological resilience the authors present a book that will help lead to the development of better treatment strategies for functional recovery from brain damage. The new edition is fully updated throughout and contains completely new chapters on brain recovery in childhood, epigenetic aspects of brain recovery, and artificial intelligence techniques in traumatic brain injury research.

Edited and authored by a wealth of international experts in neuroscience and related disciplines, this key new resource aims to offer medical students and graduate researchers around the world a comprehensive introduction and overview of modern neuroscience. Neuroscience research is certain to prove a vital element in combating mental illness in its various incarnations, a strategic battleground in the future of medicine, as the prevalence of mental disorders is becoming better understood each year. Hundreds of millions of people worldwide are affected by mental, behavioral, neurological and substance use disorders. The World Health Organization estimated in 2002 that 154 million people globally suffer from depression and 25 million people from schizophrenia; 91 million people are affected by alcohol use disorders and 15 million by drug use disorders. A more recent WHO report shows that 50 million people suffer from epilepsy and 24 million from Alzheimer's and other dementias. Because neuroscience takes the etiology of disease—the complex interplay between biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors—as its object of inquiry, it is increasingly valuable in understanding an array of medical conditions. A recent report by the United States'Surgeon General cites several such diseases: schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, early-onset depression, autism, attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder, anorexia nervosa, and panic disorder, among many others. Not only is this volume a boon to those wishing to understand the future of neuroscience, it also aims to encourage the initiation of neuroscience programs in developing countries, featuring as it does an appendix full of advice on how to develop such programs. With broad coverage of both basic science and clinical issues, comprising around 150 chapters from a diversity of international authors and including complementary video components, Neuroscience in the 21st Century inits third edition serves as a comprehensive resource to students and researchers alike.

This book constitutes the end result of 20 years-long effort that goes beyond a Psychiatrist's standard clinical training and education, even that of a Psychiatrist that follows an academic career. Trying to explain how the human mind works is hard and the heterogeneity of the audience make the attempt even more difficult. There is a conceptual difference between the words ‘brain'and ‘mind'and this makes the effort even more difficult since the present book tries to preserve the strict scientific approach concerning all the topics discussed. The work elaborates and tries to answer questions frequently phrased by audiences in teaching classes and in conferences and does not avoid any question. In order to achieve this goal, it is structured in chapters all the way from the molecule and the cell to consciousness and free will. The book targets mainly the mental health care professionals as an audience, and to a lesser extend the other health professionals. Itis written according to the author's view concerning the training and educational needs of Psychiatrists and Psychologists and to a lesser degree of Neurologists and Neuroscientists in general.

This textbook provides a state of the art of the knowledge on the prevalence, risk and etiological factors, clinical features, assessment procedures and tools, diagnostic criteria, treatment, and prognosis of the psychiatric disorders encountered in people with intellectual disability (ID) and low-functioning autism spectrum disorder (ASD). ID and ASD represent two meta-syndromic groups of several different conditions, each with particular cognitive and communication features. People with ID/ASD display an increased prevalence of a variety of psychiatric disorders, including psychotic disorders, mood disorders, anxiety and stress-related disorders, somatoform disorders, and obsessive-compulsive disorder, as well behavioral syndromes, personality disorders, and disorders due to psychoactive substance use. This book will enable readers to understand the specificities of psychiatric disorders in the context of ID/ASD. It explains clearly how diagnostic criteria and assessment procedures for psychiatric disorders that were created for the general population have to be modified for use with ID/ASD. Above all, it will enable clinicians to overcome difficulties in diagnosis and to deliver more effective care that meets the particular needs of patients with ID/ASD.

This book provides a reference guide describing the current status of medication in all major psychiatric and neurological indications, together with comparisons of pharmacological treatment strategies in clinical settings in Europe, USA, Japan and China. In addition, it highlights herbal medicine as used in China and Japan, as well as complementary medicine and nutritional aspects. This novel approach offers international readers a global approach in a single dedicated publication and is also a valuable resource for anyone interested in comparing treatments for psychiatric disorders in three different cultural areas. There are three volumes devoted to Basic Principles and General Aspects, offering a general overview of psychopharmacotherapy (Vol. 1); Classes, Drugs and Special Aspects covering the role of psychotropic drugs in the field of psychiatry and neurology (Vol. 2) and Applied Psychopharmacotherapy focusing on applied psychopharmacotherapy (Vol. 3). These books are invaluable to psychiatrists, neurologists, neuroscientists, medical practitioners and clinical psychologists.

This book aims to give the state-of-the-art of intraoperative brain function mapping for resection of brain tumors in awake conditions, and to become a reference for acquiring the fundamental expertise necessary to select the right intraoperative task at the right time of the surgery. The chapters, all focused on a specific brain function, are divided in 4 parts: sensori-motor and visuo-spatial functions, language functions, higher-order functions, and prospects. Each chapter follows the same outline, including a brief review of the current knowledge about the networks sustaining the function in healthy subjects, the description of the intraoperative tasks designed to monitor the function, a review of the literature describing the deficits in that function after surgery, and a critical appraisal of the benefit provided by intraoperative mapping of that function.

This comprehensive book explains the importance of imaging techniques in exploring and understanding the role of brain abnormalities in schizophrenia. The findings obtained using individual imaging modalities and their biological interpretation are reviewed in detail, and updates are provided on methodology, testable hypotheses, limitations, and new directions for research. The coverage also includes important recent applications of neuroimaging to schizophrenia, for example in relation to non-pharmacological interventions, brain development, genetics, and prediction of treatment response and outcome. Written by world renowned experts in the field, the book will be invaluable to all who wish to learn about the newest and most important developments in neuroimaging research in schizophrenia, how these developments relate to the last 30 years of research, and how they can be leveraged to bring us closer to a cure for this devastating disorder. Neuroimaging in Schizophrenia will assist clinicians in navigating what is an extremely complex field and will be a source of insight and stimulation for researchers.

This volume presents a comprehensive overview of childhood trauma, considering the psychopathological definition and its neurobiological implications as well as its impact on different psychiatric disorders. The focus on childhood trauma rather than that occurring in adulthood is important due to its general “neuro-psyco-socio” and its specific biological implications, since trauma during childhood impacts directly on neurodevelopment. It has been suggested that early life stress increases vulnerability to psychiatric disorders; however, the exact mechanisms of this association are not yet completely understood. Although childhood trauma could be considered too unspecific to be an important risk factor for individual psychiatric disorders since it seems to occur across the board, it impacts differently on different psychiatric disorders, and it can modulate their clinical expression. Therefore, the assessment of early trauma needs to be included in the clinical evaluation of patients with psychiatric disorders. The volume will be an invaluable tool for psychiatrists, helping them to select suitable pharmacological, psychotherapeutic and rehabilitative treatments.

The book provides a comprehensive reference on the neurobiological understanding of behaviour, how behaviour is regulated by the brain, and how such behaviours in turn influence the brain. The work offers an introduction to neural systems and genetics/epigenetics, followed by detailed study of a wide range of behaviours – temperament and personality, instincts and drives, memory and cognitive function, sex and sexual differentiation, ethology and evolutionary biology, aging, drug abuse and other problematic behaviors, psychophysiology and ultimately the links to biological psychiatry and psychopharmacology. Research findings on the neural basis of social behaviour are integrated across different levels of analysis, from molecular neurobiology and neural systems/behavioural neuroscience to fMRI imaging data on human social behaviour. The content covers research on both normal and abnormal behaviours, as well as developmental aspects. The target audience includes psychiatrists, neurologists, nurses, psychologists and all researchers and advanced students in behavioural, social and developmental neuroscience, as well as clinical neuroscientists.

The book begins with a public health/epidemiologic examination of the situation, with a systematic view of the problem based on classic (infectious disease) epidemiologic principles applied to this behavioral health issue. This application is expanded to take into account the fact that unlike most epidemics in our species'history, a unique factor that must be accounted for in any public health analysis is that the host (opioid-dependent/misusing patient) is generally not under sufficiently strong motivation to avoid the disease. The introduction concludes with a survey of recent containment approaches, categorized epidemiologically by target (agent, vector, host.)The remainder of the book is organized according to this framework, addressing agent, vector/transmission and host, respectively. Sections Three and Four comprise the major focus of the book, and are dedicated primarily to practical education for primary care providers in preventing opioid use disorder, and overcoming it after the fact.

The second edition of this successful book provides further and in-depth insight into theoretical models dealing with Internet addiction, as well as includes new therapeutical approaches. The editors also broach the emerging topic of smartphone addiction. This book combines a scholarly introduction with state-of-the-art research in the characterization of Internet addiction. It is intended for a broad audience including scientists, students and practitioners. The first part of the book contains an introduction to Internet addiction and their pathogenesis. The second part of the book is dedicated to an in-depth review of neuroscientific findings which cover studies using a variety of biological techniques including brain imaging and molecular genetics. The third part of the book focuses on therapeutic interventions for Internet addiction. The fourth part of the present book is an extension to the first edition and deals with a new emerging potential disorderrelated to Internet addiction – smartphone addiction. Moreover, in this second edition of the book new content has been added. Among others, the reader will find an overview of theoretical models dealing with Internet addiction, results from twin studies in the context of Internet addiction and additional insights into therapeutic approaches to Internet addiction.

For nearly 30 years, Dr. Meir Kryger's must-have guide to sleep medicine has been the gold standard in this fast-changing field. This essential, full-color reference includes more than 20 unique sections and over 170 chapters covering every aspect of sleep disorders, giving you the authoritative guidance you need to offer your patients the best possible care. Evidence-based content helps you make the most well-informed clinical decisions. An ideal resource for preparing for the sleep medicine fellowship examination. New content on sleep apnea, neurological disorders, legal aspects of sleep medicine, dental sleep medicine genetics, circadian disorders, geriatrics, women's health, cardiovascular diseases, and occupational sleep medicine, keeps you fully up to date. Updates to scientific discoveries and clinical approaches ensure that you remain current with new knowledge that is advancing the diagnosis and management of sleep disorders. Online access to additional resources, including 95 video clips and over 950 self-assessment questions.

The novelty of this book's approach lies in addressing the impact of neurobiological factors as well as psychological influences on brain recovery. There is growing evidence that emotional, motivational, and cognitive factors along with personality traits play a crucial role in brain plasticity, resilience, and recovery. Topics include synaptic and neuronal plasticity, development of brain reserves, biological markers, environmental factors, psychological profile, emotional resilience, and personality traits. By combining the latest research on neural mechanisms and on psychological resilience the authors hope that this book can lead to the development of better treatment strategies for functional recovery from brain damage.

A guide to imaging for common neurological problems Tourette's syndrome Restless legs syndrome Diagnosis and management of transient ischaemic attack and ischaemic stroke in the acute phase The management of spasticity in adults Post-acute care and secondary prevention after ischaemic stroke Posterior circulation ischaemic stroke First seizures in adults Drug treatment of epilepsy in adults Management of chronic epilepsy Frontotemporal dementia Chronic migraine Pharmacological prevention of migraine Cluster headache Thunderclap headache Trigeminal neuralgia Polymyalgia rheumatica Neuropathic pain: mechanisms and their clinical implications Painful diabetic neuropathy Fibromyalgia Management of chronic pain in older adults Cancer induced bone pain

Neuroimaging Personality, Social Cognition, and Character covers the science of combining brain imaging with other analytical techniques for use in understanding cognition, behavior, consciousness, memory, language, visual perception, emotional control, and other human attributes. Multidimensional brain imaging research has led to a greater understanding of character traits such as honesty, generosity, truthfulness, and foresight previously unachieved by quantitative mapping. This book summarizes the latest brain imaging research pertaining to character with structural and functional human brain imaging in both normal individuals and those with brain disease or disorder, including psychiatric disorders.By reviewing and synthesizing the latest structural and functional brain imaging research related to character, this book situates itself into the larger framework of cognitive neuroscience, psychiatric neuroimaging, related fields of research, and a wide range of academic fields, such as politics, psychology, medicine, education, law, and religion. - Provides a novel innovative reference on the emerging use of neuroimaging to reveal the biological substrates of character, such as optimism, honesty, generosity, and others - Features chapters from leading physicians and researchers in the field - Contains full-color text that includes both an overview of multiple disciplines and a detailed review of modern neuroimaging tools as they are applied to study human character - Presents an integrative volume with far-reaching implications for guiding future imaging research in the social, psychological and medical sciences, and for applying these findings to a wide range of non-clinical disciplines such as law, politics, and religion - Connects brain structure and function to human character and integrates modern neuroimaging techniques and other research methods for this purpose

Ist die Psyche nichts als die neuronalen Prozesse im Gehirn? Müssen zentrale mentale Begriffe wie Selbst, Bewusstsein, Unbewusstsein, etc. durch neuronale Mechanismen erklärt werden und die Psychiatrie durch die Neurowissenschaften ersetzt werden? Unser Buch zeigt auf, dass mentale Prozesse und psychische Symptome bei psychiatrischen Erkrankungen wie Schizophrenie, Depression, etc. weder reine geistige noch nur neuronale Prozesse sind. Gehirn ist immer auch schon Umwelt; und es ist die Interaktion der Umwelt-Gehirn-Beziehung, in der psychische Phänomene inklusive ihrer Abnormitäten ihren neuropsychodynamischen Ursprung haben.Der InhaltNeuropsychodynamische GrundlagenNeurosoziale Auffassung des GehirnsPsychoanalytische Konzepte und deren WeiterentwicklungNeuropsychodynamik psychischer StörungenTherapie auf neuropsychodynamischer GrundlageNeurosoziale und neuropsychodynamische ZukunftsperspektivenDie HerausgeberProf. Dr. Heinz Böker, Psychiatrische Universitätsklinik Zürich, Zentrum für Depressionen, Angsterkrankungen und Psychotherapie, Zürich, Schweiz.Prof. Dr. Peter Hartwich, Städtische Kliniken Frankfurt am Main-Höchst, Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie/Psychosomatik, Akademisches, Lehrkrankenhaus der Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Deutschland.Prof. Dr. Dr. Georg Northoff, University of Ottawa, Institute of Mental Health Research, Royal Ottawa Mental Health Centre, Ottawa/ON, Canada, Zhejang University, Hangzhou/China, Taipeh Medical University Taipeh/Taiwan.

This work is a guidebook for clinicians who are involved in treating depressive patients and also serves the research scientists who are working on the psychopharmacological mechanisms of antidepressant actions and psychopathological mechanisms underlying mood disorders. Mood disorders such as major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder (BPD) and seasonal affective disorder (SAD) are the most disabling disorders that are among the most expensive of all medical illnesses. The pathophysiology of mood disorders is very complex and involves many mechanisms like circadian rhythm disruption, sleep abnormalities, melatonin rhythm abnormalities and alterations in melatonin receptor mechanisms, abnormalities in monoaminergic neurotransmitter mechanisms, glutamatergic release mechanisms, hippocampal neurogenesis, and abnormal immune and cytokine release mechanisms. Many antidepressants that are in clinical use today including the recently introduced novel agentslike agomelatine or other antidepressants cause clinical remission by resynchronizing disrupted circadian rhythms and melatonin receptor functions, enhancing monoaminergic neurotransmission, promoting hippocampal neurogenesis, and regulating immune mechanisms. This book explains various etiological factors that are involved in the pathogenesis of mood disorders and the mechanisms of therapeutic actions of antidepressants including the recently introduced agomelatine and other antidepressants that exhibit rapid onset of action with greater efficacy and fewer side effects..

This book combines a scholarly introduction with state-of-the-art research in the characterization of Internet addiction. It is intended for a broad audience including scientists, students and practitioners. The first part of the book contains an introduction to Internet addiction and their pathogenesis. The second part of the book is dedicated to an in-depth review of neuroscientific findings which cover studies using a variety of biological techniques including brain imaging and molecular genetics. The last part of the book will focus on therapeutic interventions for Internet addiction.

Accurate and exhaustive, this book provides a wide overview of the current knowledge on phenotypes, mechanisms and treatment of autism spectrum disorders. It covers topics on diagnostic issues, comorbid conditions and therapeutic strategies along with a detailed discussion on the actual understanding of the pathophysiology of autism disorders. More specifically, this book reviews in detail the current knowledge on the comorbidity between mental and medical disorders, describes abnormal cognitive and social development and gives a thorough overview on genetic as well as brain imaging abnormalities observed in autism spectrum disorders. In addition, the current literature on environmental risk factors which may provide an explanation for the increased prevalence of autism is being described. The last chapter gives an extensive review of early detection and early therapeutic interventions encompassing psycho-social and pharmacological strategies. Each chapter is easy to read and gives the reader access to the most important information on each topic covered. This book provides innovative reading material for medical students, psychologists, researchers and clinicians who need accurate information on the best available diagnostic and therapeutic strategies as well as on up-to-date research data.

The hippocampus is one of the most intriguing structures of the human brain. Damage to this part causes symptoms ranging from transient disorders accompanied by tiny lesions to severely debilitating cognitive disorders with marked tissue loss. This publication provides a predominantly clinical approach to the complex workings of the hippocampus from different perspectives, ranging from basic principles to specific diseases. The first part of the book summarizes current knowledge regarding the structure and physiology of the hippocampus and establishes the ties to basic neuroscience. The second part deals with the function and assessment of the human hippocampus, including memory function, neuropsychological measures, and conventional and functional imaging studies. The chapters of the third part are devoted to the hippocampus in neurological disorders, e.g. the interaction between stress and memory function, and the pathological conditions of common as well as selected rare neurological diseases affecting the hippocampus. The book is highly recommended to clinical neurologists who wish to gain a broad understanding of this complex and fascinating organ in terms of basic principles, modern imaging findings, and specific diseases.

This publication compiles data generated by proteomics and metabolomics about psychiatric disorders. Leading researchers in these fields review the basic principles of proteomics and metabolomics and propose the new directions to be followed in molecular psychiatry. The chapters divided into two sections - Schizophrenia/Psychotic Disorders and Mood Disorders - deal with findings in diverse tissues from human and preclinical models in order to unravel the biology and biochemistry behind the establishment and course of these illnesses as well as potential biomarkers for clinical applications. More than an update, this publication indicates the next steps to discover biomarkers and understand psychiatric disorders more comprehensively. This publication is valuable reading for psychiatrists, neuroscientists and analytical chemists interested in the basics of proteomics and metabolomics, psychiatric definitions and the most advanced hypotheses about the pathobiology of schizophrenia, depression and bipolar disorder.

The merger of behavioral neurology and neuropsychiatry into a single medical subspecialty, Behavioral Neurology & Neuropsychiatry, requires an understanding of brain-behavior relationships and a clinical approach that transcends the traditional perspectives of neurology and psychiatry. Designed as a primer of concepts and principles, and authored by a multidisciplinary group of internationally known clinical neuroscientists, this book divides into three sections: • Structural and Functional Neuroanatomy (Section I) addresses the neuroanatomy and phenomenology of cognition, emotion, and behavior • Clinical Assessment (Section II) describes neuropsychiatric history taking, neurological and mental status examinations, neuropsychological assessment, and neuroimaging, electrophysiologic, and laboratory methods • Treatment (Section III) discusses environmental, behavioral, rehabilitative, psychological, social, pharmacological, and procedural interventions for cognitive, emotional, and behavioral disorders. By emphasizing the principles of Behavioral Neurology & Neuropsychiatry, this book will improve your understanding of brain-behavior relationships and inform your care of patients and families affected by neurobehavioral disorders.

Die 4. Auflage der Psychiatrie der Gegenwart ist völlig neu konzipiert; sie umfaßt jetzt 6 Bände. Beibehalten hat man den editorischen Leitgedanken, der auch die Vorauflagen prägte: Nicht enzyklopädische Vollständigkeit, sondern der aktuelle Erfahrungsstand der Psychiatrie wird - paradigmatisch - vermittelt. Das Werk bringt zu jedem Thema eine Übersicht des wissenschaftlich gesicherten Wissens, dessen Anwendung in der Praxis sowie Brennpunkte, Entwicklungstrends, Zukunftsperspektiven des Fachs. Wesentliche Akzentsetzungen der 4. Auflage sind die internationale Vielfalt der Beiträge, die Gewichtung von'Migration, Postraumatischer Belastungsstörung - allgemein: Spezifischen Lebenssituationen', die Integration neuer Erkenntnisse etwa in der Molekularbiologie, im Bereich bildgebender Verfahren oder in der Neuropsychologie. Neu und leserfreundlich ist das zweifarbige, mit Mariginalienspalte versehene Innenlayout.

Die 4. Auflage der Psychiatrie der Gegenwart ist völlig neu konzipiert; sie umfaßt jetzt 6 Bände. Beibehalten hat man den editorischen Leitgedanken, der auch die Vorauflagen prägte: Nicht enzyklopädische Vollständigkeit, sondern der aktuelle Erfahrungsstand der Psychiatrie wird - paradigmatisch - vermittelt. Das Werk bringt zu jedem Thema eine Übersicht des wissenschaftlich gesicherten Wissens, dessen Anwendung in der Praxis sowie Brennpunkte, Entwicklungstrends, Zukunftsperspektiven des Fachs. Wesentliche Akzentsetzungen der 4. Auflage sind die internationale Vielfalt der Beiträge, die Gewichtung von'Migration, Postraumatischer Belastungsstörung - allgemein: Spezifischen Lebenssituationen', die Integration neuer Erkenntnisse etwa in der Molekularbiologie, im Bereich bildgebender Verfahren oder in der Neuropsychologie. Neu und leserfreundlich ist das zweifarbige, mit Mariginalienspalte versehene Innenlayout.

The abuse of drugs and chemicals has become a problematic public health dilemma for the world's population and one that must be dealt with by parents, societies, clinicians, researchers, and even countries in the world. This book discusses the complex neurobiology that underlies drug addiction and reveals how these illicit chemicals disrupt central nervous system neurotransmission involving such neurotransmitters as serotonin, dopamine, and others. This manual reviews current understanding in drug interactions with neurotransmitter systems, neuroimmune signaling, current research on reward circuitry, and current medications used to treat drug addiction. It also discusses related topics such as drug addiction in females, co-morbid conditions, drug addiction in minority populations, prenatal drug exposure and others. The book covers new drugs of the 21st century and discusses such controversial topics as legalization of drug use. It also provides internet resources, treatment facilities by state, and parent support organizations. The importance of prevention of drug abuse is a key theme of the book.

Die 4. Auflage der Psychiatrie der Gegenwart ist völlig neu konzipiert; sie umfaßt jetzt 6 Bände. Beibehalten hat man den editorischen Leitgedanken, der auch die Vorauflagen prägte: Nicht enzyklopädische Vollständigkeit, sondern der aktuelle Erfahrungsstand der Psychiatrie wird - paradigmatisch - vermittelt. Das Werk bringt zu jedem Thema eine Übersicht des wissenschaftlich gesicherten Wissens, dessen Anwendung in der Praxis sowie Brennpunkte, Entwicklungstrends, Zukunftsperspektiven des Fachs. Wesentliche Akzentsetzungen der 4. Auflage sind die internationale Vielfalt der Beiträge, die Gewichtung von'Migration, Postraumatischer Belastungsstörung - allgemein: Spezifischen Lebenssituationen', die Integration neuer Erkenntnisse etwa in der Molekularbiologie, im Bereich bildgebender Verfahren oder in der Neuropsychologie. Neu und leserfreundlich ist das zweifarbige, mit Mariginalienspalte versehene Innenlayout.

Die Erforschung der neurobiologischen Aspekte von Suchterkrankungen dient dem Verständnis der Krankheitsursachen, deren spezifischer Behandlung und der Entstigmatisierung der betroffenen Menschen. Der Band stellt die Leitsymptome von Abhängigkeitserkrankungen vor, bezieht diese auf ihre neurobiologischen Grundlagen und diskutiert die Übereinstimmungen und Unterschiede zwischen den verschiedenen Suchterkrankungen. Ausführlich werden Störungen im sog. dopaminergen Belohnungssystem und ihre Auswirkungen auf die GABAerge und glutamaterge Neurotransmission beschrieben. Weiterhin werden Störungen der serotonergen Neurotransmission und ihre Bedeutung für die Affektivität ebenso wie Veränderungen der Opioidrezeptoren diskutiert. Kapitel zu den genetischen Grundlagen der jeweiligen Suchterkrankungen und den therapeutischen Implikationen der neurobiologischen Befunde runden das Buch ab.

Znakomity podręcznik neuropsychiatrii przeznaczony dla lekarzy specjalizujących się w dziedzinie psychiatrii i neurologii. Zawarto w w nim informacje dotyczące m.in. badania, obrazowania klinicznego i funkcjonalnego, psychofarmakoterapii, rehabilitacji, a także neuropsychiatrycznych aspektów urazowych uszkodzeń mózgu, zaburzeń napadowych, guzów mózgu, schizofrenii czy chorób otępiennych. Publikacja ułatwia zrozumienie mechanizmów chorobowych wywołujących zaburzenia, umożliwiając wybór odpowiednich badań diagnostycznych i metod leczenia.

Neuronal nicotinic receptors are key molecules for signal transduction in a number of neuronal pathways. They are widely distributed in the brain and are known to be involved in cognitive tasks, including learning and memory, in smoking addiction and in several brain diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's dementias, schizophrenia, and epilepsy. This book provides a comprehensive review of the field, starting with a historical perspective and dealing with the molecular structure of these receptors, their biophysical and pharmacological properties, their distribution in central and peripheral nervous systems, and their major involvement in brain functions. Particular emphasis is paid to drugs (both new and old) that are useful in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases involving neuronal nicotinic receptors. Finally, the relevance of these receptors in smoking addiction is carefully evaluated, together with future trends and the latest results.

Nuclear Medicine in Psychiatry showcases the combined expertise of renowned authors whose dedication to the investigation of psychiatric disease through nuclear medicine technology has achieved international recognition. Psychiatric disorders are discussed both from categorical and functional psychopathological viewpoint and the latest results in functional neuroimaging are detailed. Most chapters are written jointly by a psychiatrist and a nuclear medicine expert, and each contains a section'Clinical Aspects', to link research data with clinical routine. This state-of-the-art compendium will be valuable to anybody in the field of neuroscience, from the psychiatrist and the radiologist/nuclear medicine specialist to the interested general practitioner and cognitive psychologist.

The discovery of adult neurogenesis caused a paradigm shift in the neurosciences. For more than 100 years, it was believed that adult neurons do not regenerate. Joseph Altman and Fernando Nottebohm found proof to the contrary and changed the course of history. Their research, included here, provides the foundations of the field. Today, adult neurogenesis is a rapidly expanding discipline applicable to the study of brain development and diseases, learning and memory, aging, and neuropsychiatric disorders. With multiple authors, the 27 chapters of this book contain the latest work in two volumes. The first presents the basic biology of adult neurogenesis in non-mammalian vertebrates and in the mammalian hippocampus and olfactory bulb, and the second discusses clinical implications and delves into adult neurogenesis and brain injury as well as neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric pathologies. With details of the anatomy, physiology, and molecular biology of the two neurogenic brain regions, this book provides indispensable knowledge for many areas of neuroscience and for experimental and clinical applications of adult neurogenesis to brain therapy.

This book describes the state-of-the-art of treatment of schizophrenia and reflects its development in 22 chapters written by leading authorities in the field

Führende Experten aus dem deutschsprachigen Raum geben einen Überblick über die neuesten Forschungsergebnisse aus Klinik, Neurobiologie und Psychotherapie der Schizophrenie. Neben aktuellen Therapiekonzepten, sowohl für Ersterkrankte als auch für Mehrfacherkrankte, wird auch auf Alltagsprobleme von Patienten, wie beispielsweise Fahrtauglichkeit unter Antipsychotika, eingegangen. Ausführliche Diskussionen über die Einteilung und Klassifizierung des Formenkreises der Erkrankung, die richtungweisend für die Zukunft sein können, werden in diesem Buch lebendig geführt. Beiträge zur Pharmakogenetik sowie zu den morphologischen und funktionellen Veränderungen des Zentralnervensystems vor Ausbruch und im Laufe der Erkrankung runden diese umfassende Zusammenschau gelungen ab. Dieses Buch bietet eine erschöpfende Darstellung der Zukunftsperspektiven für klinisch und in der Forschung tätige Psychiater.

Dieses Buch behandelt umfassend grundlegende Aspekte rund um die Therapie mit Neuro-Psychopharmaka. Führende Experten aus dem deutschsprachigen Raum stellen unter bewährter Herausgeberschaft ausführlich den aktuellen State-of-the-art dar. Nach einem historischen Abriss wird zunächst ausführlich auf die neurobiologischen und psychologischen Grundlagen sowie Methodik, Pharmakokinetik, Nomenklatur, Epidemiologie, Interaktionen/UAWs, Arzneimittelkombinationen und Kontrolluntersuchungen eingegangen. Des Weiteren werden verschiedene spezielle Situationen behandelt, z. B. die Psychopharmakotherapie bei Kindern, in Schwangerschaft/Stillzeit und die Anwendung bei geriatrischen Patienten. Vervollständigt wird das Werk durch Kapitel zu den aktuellen formalen Rahmenbedingungen der Psychopharmakotherapie. Hier erhält der Leser einen Überblick über gesundheitsökonomische Bewertungen, z. B. den aktuellen Stellenwert des IQWiG für die Arzneimitteltherapie, sowie über derzeit gültige juristische Aspekte sowie Qualitätsmanagement.

Prominent international researchers contributed to this volume of reports advancing the study of brain function and morphology. Comprising investigations in several areas of neuroscience, the book includes research in neurodegenerative diseases and in neuroregeneration in adults. Described here are the effects of neuropeptides and biogenic amines on feeding, respiration, and other autonomic functions as well as on behavior. One chapter focuses on regulation of the blood brain barrier function by various neuropeptides, proteins, receptors, and transporters. Another is concerned with the modulation of higher brain functions by neuropeptides and biogenic monoamines. Yet another chapter presents research on ischemic neuronal damage and hippocampal neurogenesis in the adult mouse. Morphological or physiological techniques to study neuropeptides and neuromodulators influencing higher-order or brain-stem functions are given particular attention. The use of bio-imaging tools such as brain navigation systems and fMRIs with patients in a clinical setting creates new possibilities for investigation of human brain function and specialization of treatment.

Psychopharmaka sind integraler Bestandteil einer differenzierten Therapie psychischer Erkrankungen. Prinzipiell wird die Monotherapie empfohlen, in der klinischen Praxis werden aber überwiegend Kombinationsbehandlungen durchgeführt, obwohl nur eine geringe Zahl kontrollierter Studien zu deren Effizienz vorliegen. In diesem Buch werden alle verfügbaren Informationen zur Polypharmazie in der Behandlung psychischer Erkrankungen zusammengefasst und kritisch kommentiert. Polypharmazeutische Kombinationsstrategien in der Behandlung schizophrener und affektiver Psychosen, organischer psychischer Störungen und Angst- und Zwangsstörungen werden umfassend dargestellt sowie der sinnvolle Einsatz bei geistigen Behinderungen, Persönlichkeits- und Verhaltensstörungen, in der Forensik sowie in der Gerontopsychiatrie und in der Konsiliarpsychiatrie diskutiert. Die 2. Auflage wurde durch Kapitel zu Interaktionen bei Polypharmazien erweitert. Dieses Buch bietet erstmals einen umfassenden Überblick zu den unterschiedlichen Möglichkeiten der psychopharmakologischen Kombinationsbehandlung.

Die Deutsche Gesellschaft für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Nervenheilkunde (DGPPN) arbeitet intensiv an der Entwicklung des konzeptuellen und instrumentellen Rüstzeugs für die Einführung qualitätssichernder Maßnahmen in Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie. Ihr Referat „Qualitätssicherung“ bereitet wesentlich die Entwicklung von Praxisleitlinien (1) zur Diagnostik und Therapie spezieller Erkrankungen, (2) zur Durchführung spezieller Behandlungsformen, sowie (3) zur Indikation verschiedener Behandlungssettings vor. Diese beruhen auf empirischer Evidenz und Expertenkonsens und sollen dem praktisch Tätigen dazu dienen, Diagnostik und Therapie nach den gültigen Regeln der Kunst zu gestalten.

Four years have passed since the last edition (3rd) of this book was published. In the intervening years, several reviews of this book have provided highly encouraging remarks about the value of this book in transmitting information on classification and treatment of psychiatric disorders to the audience. We are proposing to revise all chapters with an eye on accuracy and ease of use, and this is an especially timely endeavor with the upcoming publication of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual V. All the appropriate new information on biology, etiology, diagnosis and treatment of psychiatric disorders will be added to the current proposed edition. It is our goal to recruit the same authors (if possible) who contributed to the previous edition. While all chapters will be updated (see TOC), those marked by asterisks will be the most likely to undergo more revision. Psychiatry has emerged as a burgeoning scientific field with major advances in etiology and treatment of several disorders. Just as there was excitement in the anatomic advances that took place a hundred years ago when Emil Kraepelin and his collaborators took on the enormous task of classification of psychiatric disorders based on rational scientific thinking, new advances in genetics, biochemistry, neuroanatomy and pharmacotherapy of mental disorders have brought us even closer to a better understanding of complex disorders like schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, depression and even autism. The major goal of the previous edition of this classic book was to update the busy clinician, psychiatric resident and medical student with the most up-to-date information on etiology, diagnosis and treatment of psychiatric disorders. This goal remains the focus of the fourth edition of this book. In this updated and expanded edition, the reader will be provided with the most contemporary information and literature supported by a close survey of the field. This new edition of this classic title, with its focus on biologic and medical aspects of psychiatry, will continue to be of significant help to all interested in the scientific practice of psychiatry.

The genetics of schizophrenia have taken the driver seat in the research - lated to this disorder in recent years. For a long time, it had been known that sharing genes with someone affected with schizophrenia conferred a 50% chance of acquiring the disease. Although this is fifty times the incidence in the normal population, it was evident that genes could not explain all factors involved. At best, one could think of a combination of gene traits conferring predisposition for the disease. Now, it is evident that although there are no genes that individually confer a strong liability, several candidate gene alleles do confer some risk, and perhaps a combination of genes could cause the emergence of symptoms in this multi-faceted psychiatric condition. As the research on predisposing genes soars, it is becoming clear that we need to be able to identify cellular processes the genes control and to provide pat- physiological scenarios that could link those cellular phenomena with sy- toms. In this book, we have chosen to elaborate on that link. The contributions to this book have been requested to reflect the current state of the connection between schizophrenia genetics and pathophysiology. The book opens with a chapter by Paul Harrison highlighting the several convergence points among the diverse schizophrenia-related genes.

Psychopharmaka sind integraler Bestandteil einer differenzierten Therapie psychischer Erkrankungen. Prinzipiell wird die Monotherapie empfohlen, in der klinischen Praxis werden aber überwiegend Kombinationsbehandlungen durchgeführt, obwohl nur eine geringe Zahl kontrollierter Studien zu deren Effizienz vorliegen. In diesem Buch werden alle verfügbaren Informationen zur Polypharmazie in der Behandlung psychischer Erkrankungen zusammengefasst und kritisch kommentiert. Polypharmazeutische Kombinationsstrategien in der Behandlung schizophrener und affektiver Psychosen, organischer psychischer Störungen und Angst- und Zwangsstörungen werden umfassend dargestellt sowie der sinnvolle Einsatz bei geistigen Behinderungen, Persönlichkeits- und Verhaltensstörungen, in der Forensik sowie in der Gerontopsychiatrie und in der Konsiliarpsychiatrie diskutiert. Dieses Buch bietet erstmals einen umfassenden Überblick zu den unterschiedlichen Möglichkeiten der psychopharmakologischen Kombinationsbehandlung.

A panel of international psychiatrists, neurologists, clinical psychologists, and neuropsychiatrists review for the clinical neurologist those aspects of psychiatry that impact the management of neurological disorders. On the one hand, the authors illuminate the neurological aspects of such psychiatric disorders as depression, anxiety disorders, schizophrenia, hysteria, catatonia, addictions, and personality disorders. On the other hand, they also explain in detail the psychiatric evaluation of the neurological patient and discuss the behavioral aspects of the major neurological disorders, including psychiatric complications of dementia and stroke, neuromuscular disorders, the psychiatric aspects of Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, Huntington's disease, Tourette's syndrome, and multiple sclerosis. Comprehensive and timely, Psychiatry for Neurologists helps to close the artificial gap separating neurology and psychiatry so that neurologists feel comfortable managing the psychiatric aspects of the neurological disorders they treat.

Alkohol gefährdet Ihre Gesundheit! Deutschland belegt weltweit einen Spitzenplatz Über 10 Liter reiner Alkohol werden pro Kopf und Jahr getrunken 1,7 Millionen Menschen sind alkoholabhängig 10,4 Millionen Menschen haben einen riskanten Alkoholkonsum Interdisziplinär für alle betroffenen Organsysteme Grundlagen, Klinik, Diagnostik, Therapie Berücksichtigung der sozialen, genetischen und rechtsmedizinischen Aspekte Sozialer Gebrauch, Missbrauch und Alkoholabhängigkeit Direkte Schädigungen und Folgekrankheiten NEU in der 2. Auflage Verbesserte Gliederung zum schnellen, praxisorientierten Nachschlagen Neue Kapitel:Experimentelle Modelle des Alkoholismus,Alkoholabusus: Risikofaktoren für die Anästhesie und Intensivmedizin, Neurobiologie der Alkoholabhängigkeit,Alkohol und Psychologie Ausführlicher Serviceteil mit Internetadressen aus dem Suchtbereich DAS Expertenwerk zu Alkohol und seinen gesundheitlichen Folgen für Internisten, Neurologen, Psychiater, Arbeitsmediziner, Ärzte in Suchtzentren und Rehabilitationskliniken und Psychologen

This volume provides a survey of the links between nutrition and the brain. It examines many of the mechanisms by which diet and individual nutrients are known to modify brain development, biochemistry and function, and evaluates current practices in the use of the diet for the prevention and treatment of disorders affecting brain function. It also highlights the need to consider issues related to brain function in the development and evolution of national policies for treating nutritional deficiencies and excesses. Written by leading investigators and clinicians, this publication will help practitioners, clinical investigators and scientists appreciate the broad opportunities awaiting investigation, and ultimately, clinical applications, in this dynamic and expanding area of investigation.

Increasingly, psychiatrists make little distinction between psychiatric and neurologic disorders, considering them all as dysfunctions of the central nervous system. This is a practical how to book intended primarily for trainees and practicing clinicians unfamiliar with the relatively new field of neuropsychiatry. It is written as the author might teach the material during clinical rounds and in small group seminars. In a clear and engaging style, he explains what to do and how to do it, giving the rationale for each step, and synthesizing neuropsychiatric principles with practical guidelines for diagnosis and management of adult patients. Many tables are included for quick reference and to help the reader to quickly see the big picture of a given topic. The book covers personality and personality disorders, depression, bipolar disorder, psychiatric disorders, alcohol and substance abuse, epilepsy, traumatic brain injury and stroke, anxiety disorders, obsessive compulsive disorders, headache and violence. It can be used as an introductory text for psychiatric residents, medical students, and others who care for persons with behavioral disorders. It can also be used as a clinical manual or reference by practitioners in psychiatry and neurology.