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Strokes are divided into two groups: ischemic strokes (85%) and hemorrhagic strokes (15%). Brain tissue is very sensitive to ischemia. When the blood flow is interrupted in the vessels feeding the brain, permanent damage occurs within minutes in the areas fed by that vessel. Especially in large vessel occlusions, an irreversible area called ischemic nucleus occurs in areas where the minute blood flow falls below the critical level. There are different blood flow belts that increase from the regions surrounding the ischemic nucleus towards the periphery and are fed by collateral vascular systems. Infarcts have not yet occurred in these areas under ischemic stress. This region is called the penumbra. This area can be saved by opening the vessel in suitable patients presented in the acute period. This is valid for vascular occlusion, but not for brain hemorrhages. Rarely, if an aneurysm is detected in subarachnoid hemorrhages, angiographic intervention may be required to prevent re-bleeding. Early and appropriate treatment of a stroke, which is important in terms of mortality and morbidity, is of vital importance. In our book, the identification and prevention of risk factors, as well as stroke treatment, will be covered. In this context, our book is intended to be a resource for medical doctors and students.

Eine Gehirnerschütterung ist eine häufige Verletzung. Dennoch bleibt die klinische Einschätzung dieser Patienten in der Regel unzureichend, da es keine geeignete Klassifikation für diese Erkrankung gibt und eine richtungsweisende Therapie fehlt. Hier setzt das Expertenteam Gänsslen, Schmehl, Lüngen an: das Buch ist eine praxisorientierte Darstellung der Problematik nach der Initialphase und eine Hilfestellung für die Diagnostik und Therapie im stationären und ambulanten Bereich. Dargestellt werden die Grundlagen des Krankheitsbildes Gehirnerschütterung mit den Schwerpunkten a) der kindlich-jugendlichen Situation und b) des älteren Menschen.

Biological sex and gender have a tremendous impact on the efficacy and safety of pharmacological interventions in virtually every disease state. This book presents a comprehensive and up-to-date overview on how sex-specific information is guiding the diagnosis and treatment of diseases affecting men and women, as well as of disease states that disproportionally affects women. Experts in various fields discuss both preclinical and clinical research that is contributing to a better understanding of the impact of sex in the presentation, etiology, treatment, and disease outcomes. Also discussed are the challenges encountered in implementing this growing body of knowledge into practice, as well as possible avenues to recognize and reduce health disparities between men and women so that therapeutic interventions are tailored and improved.

For more than 60 years, Merritt's Neurology has remained a trusted landmark text in clinical neurology, providing unparalleled guidance on neurologic protocols, treatment guidelines, clinical pathways, therapeutic recommendations, and imaging. The fourteenth edition reflects the state of today's practice, with fully updated content and timely new sections and chapters. With this edition, Dr. James Noble joins Drs. Elan Louis and Stephan A. Mayer as co-editor, all of whom trained at Columbia University where Dr. H. Houston Merritt wrote the initial editions of this book. Lauded for its comprehensive coverage, colorful and dynamic visual style, readability, and ease of use, this up-to-date reference is ideal for neurologists, primary care physicians, and residents alike.

This book will cover all aspects of hypertension and the manifestations of cardiovascular disease in the Asian population. Asia has the largest population of all the continents, and also has the largest number of people suffering from these diseases. Due to an expanding economy and increasing affluent lifestyles, their incidence is increasing at alarming rates - in fact, this continent is a ticking time bomb for HTN and CVD outbreaks. The book fills a large gap, as there are currently no volumes on this topic - and provides much-needed information for physicians not only in Asia but globally. Not only physicians, but also all related medical professionals and libraries will benefit from this book, to which renowned international experts contributed.

Sex and Gender Differences in Alzheimer's Disease: The Women's Brain Project offers for the first time a critical overview of the evidence documenting sex and gender differences in Alzheimer's disease neurobiology, biomarkers, clinical presentation, treatment, clinical trials and their outcomes, and socioeconomic impact on both patients and caregivers. This knowledge is crucial for clinical development, digital health solutions, as well as social and psychological support to Alzheimer's disease families, in the frame of a precision medicine approach to Alzheimer's disease.This book brings together up-to-date findings from a variety of experts, covering basic neuroscience, epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, clinical trials development, socioeconomic factors, and psychosocial support. Alzheimer's disease, the most common form of dementia, remains an unmet medical need for the planet. Wide interpersonal variability in disease onset, presentation, and biomarker profile make Alzheimer's a clinical challenge to neuroscientists, clinicians, and drug developers alike, resulting in huge management costs for health systems and society. Not only do women represent the majority of Alzheimer's disease patients, but they also represent two-thirds of caregivers. Understanding sex and gender differences in Alzheimer's disease will lead to novel insights into disease mechanisms, and will be crucial for personalized disease management strategies and solutions, involving both the patient and their family. Endorsements/Reviews:'There is a clear sex and gender gap in outcomes for brain health disorders like Alzheimer's disease, with strikingly negative outcomes for women. This understanding calls for a more systematic way of approaching this issue of inequality. This book effectively highlights and frames inequalities in all areas across the translational spectrum from bench-to-bedside and from boardroom-to-policy and economics. Closing the Brain Health Gap will help economies create recovery and prepare our systems for future global shocks.'Harris A. Eyre MBBS, PhD, co-lead, Neuroscience-inspired Policy Initiative, OECD and PRODEO Institute. Instructor in Brain Health Diplomacy, Global Brain Health Institute, UCSF and TCD.'Sex and Gender Differences in Alzheimer's disease is the most important title to emerge on Alzheimer's disease in recent years.This comprehensive, multidisciplinary book is a must read for anyone with a serious interest in dementia prevention, diagnosis, treatment, care, cure and research. Precision medicine is the future of healthcare and this book represents an incredible and necessary resource to guide practice, policy and research in light of the fact that Alzheimer's disease disproportionately affects women. The combination of contributions from the most eminent experts and the most up-to-date research makes this an invaluable resource for clinicians, care providers, academics, researchers and policy makers. Given the complex nature of dementia and the multiple factors that influence risk and disease trajectory the scope of the book is both impressive and important covering sex differences in neurobiological processes, sex and gender differences in clinical aspects and gender differences linked to socioeconomic factors relevant to Alzheimer's disease. If you work in Alzheimer's disease, or indeed other dementias, then Sex and Gender Differences in Alzheimer's disease is a must have for your bookshelf.'-- Sabina Brennan, PhD., C.Psychol.,PsSI., National representative for Ireland on Alzheimer Disease International's Medical and Scientific Advisory Panel

This book provides an overall introduction to the medical management of dementia with chapters dedicated to specific topics such as pain, epilepsy, vascular risk factors in dementia and review of medication, which are often not addressed in books on the subject, and thereby filling a gap in the field. Chapters are supplemented with cases to highlight key concepts and treatment approaches, and to provide the reader with the possibility to reflect on management options and the readers´ own current practice.This book is aimed at clinicians of different specialties (mainly neurology, psychiatry, geriatric medicine and general practice/family medicine) who manage patients with dementia on a regular basis, and thus provides useful guidance to be used in the clinic.

This book gives an overview of the current knowledge on the most common neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, frontotemporal lobar degeneration, Lewy body dementia,Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and additional less common neurodegenerative diseases. Both clinical and basic aspects of each disease are treated, including novel diagnostic criteria, old and new treatments, basic discoveries (genetics, epigenetics and molecular biology), and translation of basic research into biomarkers for early diagnosis, particularly to identify peripheral biomarkers. In addition, emerging data indicate that neurodegeneration seems to also be present in classically non-degenerative disorders. Therefore, a chapter about overlapping mechanisms between dementias and psychiatric disorders is included, as well as a description of the role of neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis.Neurodegenerative Diseases is aimed at clinicians, particularly those workingin academic hospitals. This multidisciplinary book will also be of interest to basic researchers in medical fields.

Cet ouvrage propose une synthèse actualisée des connaissances sur les troubles cognitifs d'origine vasculaire et fournit les outils d'évaluation avec le matériel, les consignes et l'interprétation des scores avec les normes. La prise en charge des maladies cérébrovasculaires s'est considérablement améliorée ces dernières années, notamment grâce à la mise en place d'unités neurovasculaires, de nouveaux traitements et à la standardisation de l'évaluation et du diagnostic des troubles cérébrovasculaires - par le National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) et le Réseau canadien contre les accidents cérébrovasculaires - standardisation qui inclut une batterie de tests neuropsychologiques afin d'évaluer les séquelles cognitives d'un accident vasculaire cérébral. C'est dans ce contexte que le Groupe de Réflexion pour l'Évaluation COGnitive Vasculaire (GRECOGVASC) a actualisé la description, le diagnostic ainsi que les implications cliniques et thérapeutiques des troubles cognitifs et comportementaux d'origine vasculaire tant durant un AVC clinique (à la phase aiguë, lors de la prise en charge rééducative et à distance) que dans le contexte d'une plainte cognitive conduisant à découvrir une lésion vasculaire cérébrale. Pour répondre aux besoins diagnostiques, le GRECOGVASC a mis au point et normalisé une adaptation francophone de la batterie standardisée internationale du NINDS. Cet ouvrage décrit la batterie, les valeurs normatives obtenues sur une large population de contrôle et les aspects méthodologiques nécessaires pour optimiser la précision de l'interprétation des performances à une batterie cognitive, utile au-delà de la seule pathologie vasculaire.

Completely updated and in brilliant full color, Merritt's Neurology, 13th Edition, remains your reference of choice for outstanding guidance on neurologic protocols, treatment guidelines, clinical pathways, therapeutic recommendations, and imaging. Greatly reorganized for ease of use, the 13th Edition features more than 30 new chapters that keep will you up to date with every aspect of your field. Now for the first time, you'll find dozens of video clips online that demonstrate the clinical signs and symptoms of neurologic disorders. Features: Visualize neurologic topics more easily than ever with an all-new, full-color format throughout. Benefit from the fresh perspective of new editors Dr. Elan Louis and Dr. Stephan Mayer, in addition to 180 expert contributors who offer guidance in their areas of expertise. Stay current with today's hottest topics, thanks to new chapters on the global burden of neurological disease; magnetic resonance imaging and other imaging modalities; sleep studies; mild cognitive impairment; concussion; restless legs syndrome; seizures in children; HIV, fetal alcohol syndrome, and drug effects; and many more. Find the information you need more quickly thanks to a reorganized format. In 153 succinct chapters, you'll find the essentials you need on signs and symptoms, diagnostic tests, and neurologic disorders of all etiologies. Watch approximately 40 video clips online to gain a clear understanding of the clinical signs and symptoms of neurologic disorders. Get the up-to-date information you need from the practical, readable resource that's trusted and used by neurologists, primary care physicians, and residents.

The age-standardized mortality rate for hemorrhagic stroke has decreased worldwide over the past two decades, but incidence, number of deaths, and lost disability-adjusted life-years (DALY) continue to increase. Moreover, hemorrhagic stroke occurs half as frequently globally as ischemic stroke, but causes significantly more deaths and lost DALY. Milestone studies of the past decade - STICH, FAST, and INTERACT2 - indicate the importance of hyperacute care for intracerebral hemorrhage; despite this, there is to date no established strategy for patients analogous to reperfusion therapy for ischemic stroke. This book, written by world-renowned experts, covers all current topics related to the diagnosis and management of intracerebral hemorrhage. It will contribute to an improved understanding of current and future aspects concerning optimal management of patients. This is a comprehensive, up-to-date resource for neurologists, neurosurgeons and trainees.