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Nesta quarta edição de Condutas em Neurologia Infantil, a colaboração entre duas importantes instituições, Unicamp e UnB, permitiu a atualização de grande parte dos tópicos das edições anteriores. Esta nova edição reforça a importância da semiologia como base, aprofunda diversos temas e inclui conteúdos inéditos, especialmente nas áreas de neurogenética e transtornos do neurodesenvolvimento, refletindo de forma mais precisa a prática clínica atual da especialidade. Organizado em tópicos e com uma abordagem prática, o principal objetivo deste livro é apoiar a conduta clínica diária em Neurologia Infantil, tanto em ambientes hospitalares (pronto-socorro, enfermaria, UTIs) quanto em contextos ambulatoriais. Sem a pretensão de esgotar os temas abordados, sua finalidade é oferecer orientações iniciais e guiar o manejo de casos neurológicos na faixa etária infantojuvenil. Trata-se de um livro de consulta pensado para integrar o dia a dia dos profissionais, como uma ponte entre o que a teoria ensina e o que a prática revela e exige. Destinado principalmente a neurologistas infantis, pediatras, neurologistas e neurocirurgiões, também é de interesse para estudantes de graduação e pós-graduação em Medicina, bem como para profissionais de outras áreas da saúde, que buscam uma fonte de aprendizado nesse campo científico tão vasto quanto desafiador.

Neuropathic Pain, Volume 179 of the latest release in the International Review of Neurobiology serial,, highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting interesting chapters. Each chapter is written by an international board of authors. - Provides the authority and expertise of leading contributors from an international board of authors - Presents the latest release in International Review on Neurobiology serials - Updated release includes the latest information on Neuropathic Pain

Dizziness and Vertigo describes the basic knowledge and practical skills necessary for managing patients presenting with common symptoms of dizziness and vertigo. It provides practitioners with a comprehensive overview of these conditions, steps for diagnosing patients and various treatment options.This revised and updated edition provides a framework for the accurate diagnosis and management of patients with dizziness and vertigo, covering clinical assessments and case studies. It also includes new methods for treating Ménière's disease and benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) and in the field of vestibular rehabilitation.Dizziness and Vertigo is an essential reference for all those who manage patients in the outpatient setting, including general practice trainees, ear/nose/throat (ENT) specialists and physiotherapists.

This is an open access title available under the terms of a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International licence. It is free to read at Oxford Academic and offered as a free PDF download from OUP and selected open access locations. Jasper's Basic Mechanisms of the Epilepsies has served as the definitive reference in the field of basic research in the epilepsies for five decades through four well-regarded editions. Since its inception, the book has been an indispensable must-read and belongs in the hands of every experimental epilepsy investigator, practicing epileptologist, clinical neuroscientist, and student for both clinical and basic science reference, doctoral and board exam preparation. This fifth edition is the most ambitious yet and remains the definitive reference in the field, providing encyclopedic and updated coverage of the current understanding of basic research in the epilepsies, while also mapping new research directions for the next decade, and reviewing how molecular laboratory evidence is now being translated into new therapeutics. In 79 chapters, the book considers the role of interactions between neurons, synapses, and glia in the initiation, spread, and arrest of seizures. It examines mechanisms of excitability, synchronization, seizure susceptibility and, ultimately, their contributions to epileptogenesis. It provides a framework for expanding the monogenic epilepsy genome and understanding the complex heredity responsible for common epilepsies. It explores the molecular and cellular disease mechanisms of ion channelopathies, developmental epilepsy genes, and progressive myoclonic epilepsies. It considers newly emerging mechanisms of epilepsy comorbidities. And, for the first time, it describes current efforts to identify biomarkers of disease progression and translate discoveries of epilepsy disease mechanisms into new therapeutic strategies at the frontier of molecular medicine.

This encyclopedic reference takes into account the status of interventional neuroradiology in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke. It explains and discusses the various options to recanalize occluded extra-and intracranial vessels. The book provides an in-depth description of the different endovascular treatment strategies, including thrombectomy for large vessel inclusion, balloon angioplasty and intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis, and stenting of extra- and intracranial arterial dissections and their conservative treatment, and bypass surgery for subacute and chronic cerebral hypoperfusion. The book also offers tips and tricks for each procedure to enable readers to understand better the benefits and limitations of the endovascular management of ischemic stroke patients. Similarly, it explains the technical aspects of the procedures with their respective pros and cons. Written by respected experts in the field, the book will be a valuable resource for interventional neuroradiologists and neurologists, vascular and endovascular neurosurgeons, stroke neurologists, and other practitioners at all levels of experience.

La cefalea es la primera causa de consulta médica; sin embargo, en ocasiones es minimizada porque no se encuentran lesiones estructurales, muchas veces fáciles de abordar pero muchas más con una gran dificultad para concluir el diagnóstico que es clínico y proporcionar el tratamiento más apropiado, el cual cuando es efectivo le devuelve al paciente la calidad de vida perdida por la presencia de dolor agudo o crónico. Para un mejor acompañamiento, el libro está organizado en secciones, que incluyen los grandes tipos de cefaleas: las primarias y las secundarias, y sus tipos, además de las cefaleas que se presentan en casos especiales, como la cefalea tensional y la cefalea hípnica, entre otras.

This book is focused on a clinical-based diagnostic approach of autonomic dysfunctions, highlighting main diagnostic tools and pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies available nowadays. The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is a subcomponent of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and dysfunction of one or more subdivisions of the ANS, when accompanying other diseases, is linked to a worse prognosis of the latter. In some circumstances or when severe, dysfunction of ANS itself results in symptoms and disability. A myriad of factors can cause autonomic dysfunction and more than one can concur even in the same patient; due to the expansive nature of the ANS, patients can be affected by a wide range of conditions. Each chapter is characterized by a similar structure and is devoted to a different dysfunction. For each pathology, the book offers the essential information on mechanisms of action, treatments and outcomes. Written by experts in the research of these disorders, the volume addresses primarily Neurologists, but will be a useful tool also for Gastroenterologists, Ophthalmologists, Urologists, Cardiologists and Internal medicine specialists.

Migraine Biology, Diagnosis, and Co-Morbidities, Volume 195 covers a wide range of issues related to migraine. The epidemiology, global and personal impacts of migraine are covered, including topics on the pathophysiology of migraine and migraine aura, the pathophysiology of the associated symptoms of photophobia and phonophobia, and the genetics of migraine. The classification and diagnostic criteria of common and uncommon subtypes of migraine are also explored in detail, including childhood variants. Issues related to the diagnosis and management of vestibular migraine and the co-morbid disorder of persistent postural-perceptual dizziness are also covered. The important comorbidities of migraine such as anxiety, depression and other forms of chronic pain will also be discussed, along with the current state and future directions of migraine research and management. - Summarizes research and clinical information on the pathophysiology of migraines - Explores the pathophysiology of aura, photophobia, and phonophobia - Discusses migraine triggers - Reviews migraine subtypes and comorbid conditions in migraine - Explores the relationship of migraine to chronic pain and cerebrovascular and psychological conditions - Concludes with future directions in migraine research and treatment

This book provides a physician's pathfinder for COVID specific headache disorders as well as general headache practice in a pandemic era. Practical solutions to headache management at every level are highlighted, along with the changing nature of previous headache disorders under lockdown conditions. Headache Disorders in Pandemic Conditions examines the specific nature of headache symptoms during COVID-19 infection, the secondary causes of COVID-specific headache disorders and practical issues of previous known headache disorders during a pandemic. The book also explores the effect of lockdown on headache management and changes in headache education, practice, risks and guidelines. Neurologists, headache specialists, general practitioners, medical students and residents will find this book to be a practical and clear guide to Covid-19 specific headache disorders in clinical practice.

Dystonia, Volume 169, the latest release in the International Review of Neurobiology serial, highlights new advances in the field with this new volume presenting interesting chapters on topics including Clinical Features and the Science of Classification, What Can Epidemiological Studies Tell us About the Neurobiology of Dystonia, Dystonia Genes and Their Biological Pathways, Functional Anatomy of Dystonia, Physiology of Dystonia: Human Studies, Physiology of Dystonia: Animal Studies, Experimental Pharmacology: Targeting Neurotransmitters, Experimental Pharmacology: Targeting Metabolic Pathways, Adult-Onset Focal Dystonias: One Biology or Many?, Early-Onset Inherited vs Late-Onset Idiopathic Dystonias: Same or Different Biological Mechanisms?, and much more. - Provides the authority and expertise of leading contributors from an international board of authors - Presents the latest release in International Review on Neurobiology serials - Updated release includes the latest information on Dystonia

This comprehensive review of research and best practice clinical management of spinal cord, neurodegenerative, and cerebral disorders is intended for both researchers and clinicians. Encompassing hereditary and acquired disorders from disease and accident, the book explores motor control disorders associated with stroke, dementia, seizure, encephalitis, and more. Covering disorders of both children and adults, the book discusses the latest advances in treatments related to neuroplasticity, neural tissue transplantation, and immunotherapy. - Summarizes assessment, disease course, and best practice treatment - Includes hereditary disorders and disorders from disease or accident - Discusses advances in neuroplasticity, tissue transplantation, immunotherapy, and other treatments - Reviews effects of dementia, stroke, seizure, encephalitis, cancer, and more

This book on non-migraine primary headaches in medicine is the second machine-generated scientific book in medicine published by Springer and reflects a new publication format which focuses on literature reviews: state-of-the-art computer algorithms were applied to select relevant sources from Springer Nature journal, rearrange them in a topical order, and provide short summaries of these articles. The result is the auto-summarization of current texts, organized by means of a similarity-based clustering routine in coherent chapters and sections. The human intervention of a world-renowned expert in this field grants the scientific soundness and appropriate organization of the contents identified. The AI-based approach seemed especially suitable to provide an innovative perspective as the topics are indeed both complex, interdisciplinary, and multidisciplinary, as is tension-type headache, the most diffuse among the chronic non communicable diseases. The result of this innovative process will of help especially for readers with limited time, interested in migraine and wishing to learn more about the subject quickly and if they are new to the topic. Springer seeks to support anyone who needs a fast and effective start in their content discovery journey, from the undergraduate student exploring interdisciplinary content, to Master- or PhD-thesis developing research questions, to the practitioner seeking support materials, this book can serve as an inspiration, to name a few examples.

Pediatric headache is the most common neurological complaint that presents to the general pediatrician, urgent care and emergency rooms, and to pediatric neurology. Despite how common headaches are in the pediatric population and how many children continue to suffer from their headaches on a daily basis, there remains a tremendous disconnect for those tasked with being the first-line providers (general pediatric providers). This stems from the fact that headache patients can be so variable and challenging, with numerous comorbid concerns, all the while requiring an individualized treatment approach without a cure.The purpose of this proposed book is to help foster a better understanding of how to approach, assess, and ultimately treat pediatric headache for the general pediatric provider in an attempt to make what once was a daunting, overwhelming complaint from patients and their families into something each general pediatric provider can conquer with confidence. With the aid of experts in the field of pediatric headache, this book will begin by providing the foundation as to what types of headaches, primary and secondary as well as their precursors, are commonly seen in the pediatric population. From there, the focus will turn to when should the provider worry about a patient who presents with headaches. The clinic visit -- from the history to the “red flags” to the pertinent exam -- will be reviewed in depth to help distinguish between primary and secondary headaches as well as who warrants an evaluation. Additionally, comorbid concerns will be covered as these may have direct impact on the evaluation and subsequent treatments offered. The next section will delve into the treatment of pediatric headache with a comprehensive approach covering everything from lifestyle to complementary and alternative therapies/treatments, to medications, both acute and prophylactic. Other morespecialized treatment options such as procedures and devices will also be discussed albeit these options are more likely to be offered by a specialist rather than a general provider. A subsequent section will highlight the unique challenges for the older adolescent patients as they transition into young adulthood. The closing section will highlight the future of pediatric headache.

Primary health care providers such as pediatricians and family medicine physicians commonly encounter children with neurologic symptoms such as headache, double vision, facial weakness etc. Most books currently available in the specialty of pediatric neurology are “condition” or “disorder” based, and most of them are geared towards pediatric neurologists, not generalists who take care of children. A common thread amongst most currently available books in Pediatric Neurology is that the practitioner already knows what “condition” or “disorder” the child is suffering from. This book focuses on symptoms to a large extent. However, children with chronic neurological conditions will follow up with their primary care physicians after their visit with the sub-specialists. They may have questions or ongoing concerns regarding the diagnosis that has been made or being considered. This book attempts to provide information to the primary care physician regarding management and follow upof such children as well. This book serves as a guide for busy clinicians who take care of children presenting with neurological symptoms- with special emphasis on symptoms that are commonly encountered in clinical practice. For each symptom, a brief introduction is given as well as a definition and epidemiologic information for the given symptom. Readers are also instructed on what historical features and physical examinations are essential in narrowing the differential diagnosis. A recommendation on the management of the condition is then established. Instructions on when one should refer the patient to subspecialists for further evaluation and management are clearly laid out. Finally, a list of appropriate resources is provided for families, as well as clinical pearls that can be quickly scanned when one is pressed for time. The overarching goal of this book is to enable the primary care physician to make a confident diagnosis, triage efficiently and initiate treatment if need be.Written by experts in the field, Symptom-Based Approach to Pediatric Neurology is a valuable resource for evaluation and management of children presenting with neurologic symptoms for primary care providers who take care of children.

This book provides the most up-to-date and comprehensive source of information on all aspects of EEG-fMRI, a neuroimaging technique for synchronous acquisition of electroencephalography (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data. The reader will find in-depth information on the physiological principles of the EEG and fMRI signals, practical aspects of data measurement, artifact reduction, data analysis, and applications. All the main areas of the technique's application are the subject of one or multiple chapters: sleep research, cognitive neuroscience, and clinical neurology and psychiatry. In addition to providing a thorough update, this second edition offers five entirely new chapters covering important areas of research that have emerged during the past 5 years, including noninvasive brain stimulation during fMRI, resting-state functional connectivity, real-time fMRI, and neurofeedback. Written by the most prestigious experts in the field, the text is enhanced by numerous high-quality illustrations. This book will be valuable for neuroradiologists, neuroscientists, physicists, engineers, electrophysiologists, (neuro) medical scientists, neurologists, and neurophysiologists.Chapter 30 is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

Our knowledge of cerebellar functions and cerebellar disorders, called ataxias, is increasing considerably. Studies of the cerebellum are now a central focus in neuroscience. During the last four decades, many laboratories worldwide have dedicated their research activities to understanding the roles of the cerebellum in motor control, cognitive processes and biology of mental processes, behavioral symptoms, and emotion. It is now accepted that the cerebellum acts as a cognitive operator in learning, perception, and attention. Moreover, major improvements in our assessment of in vivo cerebellar architecture using imaging techniques have occurred. A typical example is the accurate description of cerebellar anatomy during fetal development with MRI, a progress which has direct impacts on patient care. These advances have been associated with discoveries of new clinical disorders, in particular in the field of genetic ataxias. More than 20 new genes have been identified these last 10 years. Only for dominant ataxias, more than 30 diseases have now been unravelled. The number of ataxic disorders will increase with aging, the cerebellum being the structure of the brain with the most important loss of neurons with age. More than 300 different cerebellar disorders are encountered during daily practice, but we are missing a single source of information explaining their pathogenesis. Despite the immense amount of knowledge acquired about the cerebellar circuitry these last years, a large book covering the neuroscience of the cerebellum is missing. The goal of this endeavour is to bring up to date information relevant for basic science and also for clinical activities. To reach this goal, the most renowned authors are gathered in a unique and in-depth book with a format of a handbook. We emphasize the connections between molecular findings, imaging features, behavioural/neuropsychological aspects, and clinical implications.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of fibromyalgia syndrome that focuses on integrating concepts relevant to the pathogenesis, epidemiology and treatment of the condition. Details of how to manage sleep disorders, assess related disabilities, use pharmacological and complementary treatments are provided. Relevant aspects of neuromodulation, genetics, and neuromodulation are also covered. Therefore, enabling the reader to develop a deep understanding of the underlying triggers of and tools for assessing and treating fibromyalgia. Fibromyalgia Syndrome features a wealth of information on the basic science and contains guidance on how to make clinical decisions when treating patients with this condition, and is a valuable resource for any medical professional or trainee seeking a dedicated up-to-date resource on the topic.

This book is a clinical manual that covers the whole spectrum of swallowing and its disorders. It starts with physiology of swallowing, pathophysiology of disordered deglutition, diagnostic methods (clinical and instrumental) and ends with an in-depth's and up-to-date presentation of current treatment options. The clinically most relevant topics of dysphagia management on the stroke unit and the intensive care unit are dealt with in separate chapters. Also the closely intertwined issue of nutritional management is specifically addressed. Most importantly, the book covers all obligatory topics of the Flexible Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing (FEES)-curriculum, an educational initiative that started in Germany in 2014 and is currently being extended to other European and non-European countries. The book is richly illustrated and an online video section provides a number of typical patient cases. FEES is probably the most commonly chosen method for the objective assessment of swallowing and its disorders. It is used in stroke units, intensive care facilities, geriatric wards but also in rehabilitation clinics and within dedicated outpatient services. This book on neurogenic dysphagia therefore addresses a wide range of different medical disciplines, such as neurologists, geriatricians, intensive care physicians, rehabilitation physicians, gastroenterologists, otolaryngologists, phoniatrists and also speech-language pathologists.

Clinical neurophysiologic testing plays a critical role as a complement to the clinical assessment in patients who are being evaluated for a variety of neurologic symptoms. Many different techniques and methods of assessment can be used to evaluate the function of the nervous system, including electroencephalography, electromyography, evoked potentials, movement disorder studies, and sleep studies. An accurate understanding of the role of these tests and reliable technical performance and interpretation of these studies is critical in clinical practice. This new edition in the Contemporary Neurology Series remains an essential resource for physicians and technologists learning or utilizing clinical neurophysiology in their training or practice. This fifth edition updates the basic concepts underlying each of the techniques used in clinical neurophysiology and provides detailed descriptions of the methods, findings, studies, and value of the wide range of electrophysiologic testing available for patients with epilepsy and spells, neuromuscular diseases, movement disorders, demyelinating diseases, sleep disorders, autonomic disorders, and those undergoing orthopaedic and neurosurgical procedures in the operative setting. The role of each type of study, the interpretation of findings, and the application of the studies to different types of clinical problems are detailed throughout the text. It is a practical textbook for neurologists, physiatrists and clinical neurophysiologists in clinical or research practice or in training.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neurone disease is one of the most debilitating and devastating of the neurological diseases. The only comprehensive textbook available on the topic, this completely reorganized and expanded new edition examines all aspects of ALS from pathology to patient care and provides the reader with a ready reference to help with the difficulties encountered in patient diagnosis and treatment. Undoubtedly an important work in the field, this book will be of great interest to clinical neurologists and trainees, and to all those concerned with the care of people with ALS.

Meningiomas are the most frequently reported neuro-oncologic condition, accounting for 12% to 30% of all primary intracranial tumors. The first case of intracranial meningioma treated with stereotactic radiosurgery was reported by Backlund E-O in 1971. Since then, more than 200,000 meningiomas have been treated with stereotactic radiosurgery worldwide to date. The large number of patients treated using this method is due to the fact that meningiomas are frequently located in critical areas and microsurgery is often associated with severe and permanent neurological complications.This book discusses the advantages, risks and limits of stereotactic radiosurgery relating to all regions of interest for a neuroradiosurgical approach for the treatment of central nervous system meningiomas. Firstly, it presents an introduction focusing on the “state of the art”. It then discusses the physics, imaging, neurological and neuro-oncological issues in multidisciplinary management. Lastly,it features a summary of results, including the most recent published papers regarding all the locations involved in the stereotactic radiosurgery treatment as well as new approaches to meningiomas, with particular reference to the hypofrationated treatments. Intended for anyone involved in the neuroradiosurgical treatment of brain diseases, the book provides an up-to-date overview of the latest stereotactic radiosurgery treatment of central nervous system meningiomas.

Headache syndromes rank amongst the most common presenting symptoms in general practice and neurology, affecting up to 15% of the adult population. Part of the Oxford Textbooks in Clinical Neurology series, the Oxford Textbook of Headache Syndromes provides clinicians with a definitive resource for diagnosing and managing patients with primary and secondary forms of headaches, either as isolated complaints or as part of a more complex syndrome. Split into 7 key sections with 59 chapters, this comprehensive work discusses the scientific basis and practical management of headache syndromes in a logical format. Each chapter is written by international experts in neurology who share their research and extensive experience by providing a wealth of practical advice for use in clinical situations. In addition, all content is up-to-date and chapters incorporate discussions on the latest International Classification of Headache Disorders 3rd edition when relevant.

The Oxford Handbook of the Neurobiology of Pain represents a state of the art overview of the rapidly developing field of pain research. As populations age, the number of people in pain is growing dramatically, with half the population living with pain. The opioid crisis has highlighted this problem. The present volume is thus very timely, providing expert overviews of many complex topics in pain research that are likely to be of interest not just to pain researchers, but also to pain clinicians who are seeking new therapeutic opportunities to develop analgesics. Many of the topics covered are of interest to neuroscientists, as pain is one of the most amenable sensations for mechanistic dissection. The present volume covers all aspects of the topic, from a history of pain through invertebrate model systems to the human genetics of pain and functional imaging. Chapters include the role of ion channels, the opioid system, the immune and sympathetic systems, as well as the mechanisms that transform acute to chronic pain. Migraine and the interplay between sleep and pain are also discussed. New technology in the form of transgenic animals, chemogenetics, optogenetics, and proteomic analyses are providing significant advances in our research and are covered as well. Demystifying pain through an understanding of its fundamental biology, as outlined in this volume, is the most direct route to ameliorating this vast human problem.

This book is a practical guide on image-guided robotic (CyberKnife®) radiosurgery of the brain and the spine. The volume introduces the radiosurgical community to the potential of image-guidance in the treatment of neurosurgical diseases including neuro-oncological, vascular and functional disorders. Principles of image-guided radiosurgery, including physics and radiobiology are considered. Each chapter provides a critical review of the literature and analyses of several aspects to offer an assessment of single and hypofractionated treatments. Based on the authors'experience, tables or summaries presenting the treatment approaches and associated risks are included as well. Providing a practical guide to define the selection of dose, fractionation schemes, isodose line, margins, imaging, constraints to the structures at risk will support safe practice of neuroradiosurgery. This book aims to shed new light on the treatment of neoplastic and non-neoplastic diseases of the central nervous system using the CyberKnife® image-guided robotic radiosurgery system. It will be adopted by neurosurgery residents and neurosurgery consultants as well as residents in radiation oncology and radiation oncologists; medical physicists involved in radiosurgery procedures may also benefit from this book.

​Dieses Buch bietet eine Übersicht über ein vernachlässigtes Gebiet der Neurologie: Funktionelle Störungen bedingen jeden sechsten Praxisbesuch und etwa 10% der Notfälle und stationären Aufnahmen an neurologischen Kliniken. Dennoch sorgen sie oft für diagnostische Verunsicherung und therapeutische Ratlosigkeit.Praxisnah und evidenzbasiert erläutert der Autor Untersuchungstechniken und klinische Zeichen, die eine frühe und sichere Diagnosestellung jenseits des Ausschlussprinzips möglich machen. Neue Erklärungsmodelle, die Neurophysiologie und Psychosomatik zusammenbringen, verdeutlichen die Entstehungsmechanismen funktioneller Symptome und die Wirkungsweise verschiedener Therapien. Tipps zur ärztlichen Gesprächsführung sowie konkrete Behandlungsempfehlungen aus der Physiotherapie und Psychotherapie sollen die interdisziplinäre Patientenversorgung erleichtern.

Richard H. Morley - Paul B. Jantz - Reiko Graham, The Salience Network structures as a mediator of violence and perceptions of hostility - Sara Invitto - Carola Capone - Graziano Gigante - Giulia Piraino - Bianca Sisinni, The effect of acoustic feedback in an auditory Posner paradigm: delay effect and bias in ERP - Seyedeh Maryam Moshirian Farahi - Mohammad Javad Asghari Ebrahimabad - Ali Gorji - Imanollah Bigdeli - Seyed Mohammad Mahdi Moshirian Farahi, Cortical brain activities related to neuroticism and extraversion in adolescence - Laura Angioletti - Michela Balconi, What is the role of metacognition in Parkinson's Disease patients with Pathological Gambling? - Ymie J. Van Der Zee - Peter L.J. Stiers - Lieven Lagae - Johan J.M. Pel - Heleen M. Evenhuis, Chronological age versus developmental age in evaluating patients'performances on motion perception tests - Irene Venturella - Davide Crivelli - Marina Fossati - Francesca Fiorillo - Michela Balconi, Fronto-parietal network in response to pleasant and unpleasant somatic stimuli in DoC patients: a pilot study

This ambitious and comprehensive handbook represents an essential contribution to our current understanding of interactions between heart and brain, a research topic generating growing interest. Despite the increasing awareness that neural mechanisms are the primary cause of cardiac disease and its progression, therapy continues to focus on end-organ protection and does not approach the neural core of the problem. Growing public health problems such as heart failure are still treated with autonomic drugs that are 30-40 years old and simply act on cardiac receptors. However, it has now been shown that the progression of ischemic heart disease to heart failure is mainly due to abnormal central responses to incipient cardiac disease, with neural activation the primary cause rather than the consequence of cardiac remodeling. Written by leading international experts in their respective research areas, the book presents a variety of perspectives on the coretopic: from social and philosophical to gender-related aspects.It is designed for a broad readership and includes dedicated sections for cardiologists, psychiatrists, neurologists and psychotherapists looking for a more insightful and targeted approach to neuro-cardiovascular disease.

This text presents a comprehensive and state-of the-art approach to stereotactic and functional neurosurgery. Overarching sections include achieving stereotactic precision, defining trajectories and targets, the biophysics of stereotactic therapies, diseases and targets, and the future of functional neurosurgery. Each section is designed to be inclusive of all relevant topics, serving as an unbiased resource to new clinicians in this field or established clinicians that are aiming to better understand complementary methods. Importantly, each section and the associated chapters can be used by basic and translational scientists as well as engineers and industry to better understand and deliver innovation to the field. Chapters within each section methodically analyze traditional and recently emerging concepts and techniques; address underlying principles with examples drawn from specific diseases and applications; and cover patient selection, target selection, available stereotactic methods, nuanced surgical methods, and clinical evidence across treatment options.Written by experts in each area, Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery is a definitive guide to the latest developments in stereotactic targeting, electrode implantation, surgical treatment of neurological and psychiatric disorders, the renaissance of stereotactic lesions, and the frontier of restorative neurosurgery for a variety of disorders that have no other therapeutic options.

Der Weg vom Symptom zur Diagnose ist in der Schmerztherapie eine entscheidende Phase in der Behandlung des Patienten. Alle Ärzte und andere Therapeuten in der Schmerzmedizin, die Patienten mit chronischen Schmerzen behandeln, finden in der 4. Auflage des Buches klare Empfehlungen zu deren Versorgung:Verständlich und nachvollziehbar beschrieben: Entstehung der Chronifizierung, psychologische Grundlagen und Konzepte der Schmerztherapie Systematisch und nach klinischen Kriterien vorgestellt: Symptomerkennung und DiagnostikZum Abwägen ausführlich dargestellt: Medikamentöse und nichtmedikamentöse Verfahren in der Schmerztherapie Beschreibung der häufigsten SchmerzsyndromePlus: Therapie besonderer Patienten, z.B. Schwangere, alte Menschen, Abhängige; Begutachtung von Schmerzpatienten; Palliativmedizin, Versorgungskonzepte und CodierungDie 4. Auflage wurde komplett überarbeitet und aktualisiert, u.a. Kapitel zusammengefasst und um neue Themen ergänzt wie CRPS, interkulturelle Aspekte und Akutschmerztherapie bei Patienten mit chronischen Schmerzen.Ein Nachschlagewerk für schmerztherapeutisch tätige Ärzte in allen Fachgebieten wie Allgemeinmedizin, Anästhesie, Orthopädie, Neurologie, Innere Medizin, für Psychotherapeuten und Psychologen und ebenso geeignet als Lehrbuch in der Weiterbildung zum Schmerztherapeuten bestens geeignet.

This book discusses the role of placebos and nocebos in the treatment of headache disorders. These disorders are usually treatable, but safety and tolerability issues mean that available preventive treatments have often limited success, even in the right hands – one in five patients treated with a migraine preventive pharmaceutical agent discontinues treatment for those reasons. The nocebo effect plays a role here, with patients'negative expectation and previous unpleasant treatment experiences creating negative belief in the treatment's benefits and safety, which in turn limits treatment outcomes and adherence significantly. In RCTs on migraine prevention, one in 20 patients treated with a placebo discontinued treatment because of adverse events, indicating a considerable nocebo effect; the fewer potential adverse events described in the consent form, the smaller the nocebo effect. As such, physicians treating headache sufferers should acknowledge nocebo as a significant cofactorfor treatment adherence and failure, and plan techniques to limit the effects, such as patient education and close follow-up. This highly informative and painstakingly presented book provides scientific insights for professionals and scholars with an interest in internal medicine, neurology and pain medicine.

Clinical Neurophysiology: Basis and Technical Aspects, the latest release in the Handbook of Clinical Neurology series, is organized into sections on basic physiological concepts, on the function and limitations of modern instrumentation, and on other fundamental or methodologic aspects related to the recording of various bioelectric signals from the nervous system for clinical or investigative purposes. There is discussion of the EEG, nerve conduction studies, needle electromyography, intra-operative clinical neurophysiology, sleep physiology and studies, the autonomic nervous system, various sensory evoked potentials, and cognitive neurophysiology. - Provides an up-to-date review on the practice of neurophysiological techniques in the assessment of neurological disease - Explores the electrophysiological techniques used to better understand neurological function and dysfunction, first in the area of consciousness and epilepsy, then in the areas of the peripheral nervous system and sleep - Focuses on new techniques, including electrocorticography, functional mapping, stereo EEG, motor evoked potentials, magnetoencephalography, laser evoked potentials, and transcranial magnetic stimulation

Completely revised and updated second edition of the leading reference on intraoperative neurophysiology, this book covers IOM from the most basic theoretical and technical concepts to the most sophisticated procedures, placing them within the specific surgical context. Written by a multidisciplinary team of experts from Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Intraoperative Neurophysiology provides a step-by-step approach to monitoring and mapping for a wide variety of complex surgical procedures by progressively building on prior learned material. Covering everything from set-up to troubleshooting and medical management, this book presents an integrated blueprint for choosing the right tests and customizing IOM procedures to the demands of each surgical challenge.Comprehensive in scope and filled with over 650 helpful illustrations, tables, and neurophysiologic recordings to aid interpretative understanding, this expanded edition includes practical examples of monitoring and mapping and details the importance of an individualized approach to IOM. A highly visual book, it continues to serve as a primary resource for physicians and technologists involved in monitoring to help reduce the operative risk of neurological damage in surgical patients.New to the Second Edition:Extensively broadened coverage of critical topics including mapping procedures brain mapping, and primary neurophysiologic testing in the operating roomSix entirely new chapters on pediatric neuromonitoring, cerebral aneurysms, electrocorticography, deep brain stimulation, intradural extramedullary tumors, and cardiac proceduresEnhanced decompressive and deformity correction surgery chapters with added description of surgical steps and mechanisms of injuryOver 650 high-quality images to enrich and instruct readersAppendix with 100 Q&As with detailed rationales that tie back to the chapters

Clinical Neurophysiology: Diseases and Disorders, the latest release in the Handbook of Clinical Neurology series, reviews the current practice of clinical neurophysiology in the laboratory, by the bedside, and in the operating room or intensive care unit. The volume is organized into sections focused on diseases of the central and peripheral nervous systems, sleep disorders, and autonomic disorders. Among the CNS topics covered are epilepsy, altered states of consciousness, disorders of cognition, brain death, demyelinating diseases, stroke, pain, movement disorders, vestibular disease, and auditory disorders. Peripheral nervous system topics include focal mononeuropathies, generalized polyneuropathies, muscle diseases, hyperexcitability states, neuromuscular junction disorders, anterior horn cells diseases, and cranial neuropathies. There are also chapters on sleep apneas, hypersomnias, parasomnias, and circadian rhythm disorders. Autonomic topics include primary autonomic failure, multisystem atrophy, and postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome. - Provides an up-to-date review on the practice of the neurophysiological techniques used in the assessment of neurological diseases - Explores the electrophysiological techniques used to better understand neurological function and dysfunction of the central and peripheral nervous systems - Discusses monitoring neurologic function in the intensive care unit and the assessment of suspected brain death - Includes discussions of various newer techniques, including functional brain mapping, stereo EEG, motor evoked potentials, magnetoencephalography, laser evoked potentials, and transcranial magnetic stimulation

This book provides comprehensive coverage of small fiber neuropathy (SFN), from diagnosis to therapy. It focuses on nerve degeneration and neuropathic pain, and their underlying pathology, physiology, psychophysics, genetics and imaging. In particular, this book describes and discusses the major advances in diagnostic techniques for assessing SFN. These include skin biopsy, evoked potentials, quantitative sensory testing and functional studies, as biomarkers of SFN.SFN is a common peripheral nerve disorder, but was often overlooked due to a lack of objective and specific diagnostic tests for the assessment of small nerve fibers. These fibers mediate thermal sensation, pain detection (nociception), and autonomic regulation. Major symptoms of SFN include neuropathic pain, impaired sensation and autonomic dysfunction. Neuropathic pain poses a diagnostic challenge to clinicians, an essential step for selecting appropriate treatment to relieve suffering.SFN frequently develops in systemic diseases such as diabetes mellitus, following chemotherapy, infections etc., or presents as a major feature of various genetic neuropathies (e.g. channelopathy and familial amyloidosis). In addition to describing these conditions which lead to SFN, this book also describes related syndromes of neurodegeneration and pain, including fibromyalgia, visceral pain and hypersensitivity.This definitive book covers both clinical aspects and research progress, which provides in-depth and up-to-date information on SFN. It would be immensely useful for clinicians, neurologists, neuroscientists, diabetologists, and pain specialists. Dr. Sung-Tsang Hsieh is a professor at Department of Neurology and Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taiwan. He is also the associate dean of College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taiwan. Dr. Praveen Anand is a professor at Department of Clinical Neurology and head of Centre for Clinical Translation, Hammersmith Hospital, UK. Dr. Christopher Gibbons is an associate professor of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, USA. Dr. Claudia Sommer is a professor of Neurology at the Department of Neurology, Würzburg University Hospital, Germany.

This comprehensive, practical title invites all clinicians to take a fresh look at the evaluation and management of chronic daily headache (CDH). Developed by a distinguished international panel of experts, the book examines key social and economic issues around CDH and clarifies the diagnosis of CDH disorders, providing an understanding of the underlying biological substrates, offering guidance on the use of diagnostic testing and additional consultations, and outlining treatment strategies with the greatest potential to alleviate the burden of these patients and to provide the highest quality of care. The book fully examines the constellation of symptoms that constitute chronic daily headache, while also discussing the role of behavioral medicine and the important elements involved in taking a good history. The major forms and biology of chronic daily headache are covered, as is the role of diagnostic testing and treatment. The risk factors that lead patients to transform episodic primary headache disorders into the chronic form are examined. Invasive and neuromodulatory techniques are also discussed. A section on the classification of these disorders rounds out this important contribution to the literature. Chronic Headache – A Comprehensive Guide to Evaluation and Management will be of great interest to neurologists, primary care physicians, nurse practitioners, physician assistants, medical students, and other clinicians with an interest in chronic daily headache.

This comprehensive text is the definitive academic pain medicine resource for medical students, residents and fellows. Acting as both an introduction and continued reference for various levels of training, this guide provides practitioners with up-to-date academic standards. In order to comprehensively meet the need for such a contemporary text—treatment options, types of pain management, and variables affecting specific conditions are thoroughly examined across 48 chapters. Categories of pain conditions include orofacial, neuropathic, visceral, neck, acute, muscle and myofascial, chronic urogenital and pelvic, acute, and regional. Written by renowned experts in the field, each chapter is supplemented with high-quality color figures, tables and images that provide the reader with a fully immersive educational experience. Academic Pain Medicine: A Practical Guide to Rotations, Fellowship, and Beyond is an unprecedented contribution to the literature that addresses the wide-spread requisite for a practical guide to pain medicine within the academic environment.

The Cerebellum: From Embryology to Diagnostic Investigations, Volume 154 is designed to update the reader on the latest and clinically relevant advances in the study of cerebellar diseases in children and adults. It is organized into sections detailing: (1) Embryology, Anatomy and Function, and (2) Diagnostic investigations: Neuroimaging, and includes content on conventional sequences, diffusion tensor imaging, functional MRI, and connectivity studies. Its companion volume, The Cerebellum: Disorders and Treatment, describes disorders (starting from the fetal cerebellum, to adult cerebellum) encountered during daily practice and therapy (including insights into innovative drug and rehabilitative approaches to treat children and adults with cerebellar disorders). - Provides an in-depth understanding of the cerebellum and its involvement in a wide variety of diseases - Explores the long-term outcome data of pediatric cerebellar diseases and potential problems in adult life for patients with pediatric cerebellar diseases - Features chapters co-authored by two experts, combining expertise in both pediatric and adult cerebellar diseases

This book provides a concise overview of the diagnosis and therapy of a wide variety of neuromuscular disorders, in tabulated form and with illustrative cases.Treating neuromuscular disorders calls for a sound, step-by-step clinical approach based on differential diagnosis and laboratory investigations. Yet to date, there has been no single, compact book that offers all the relevant information related to the management of these disorders. This book fills that gap, presenting the state of the art in the field and addressing practical problems together with their solutions. Each chapter covers disorder characteristics, clinical differentiating points, relevant investigations and their interpretation, available genetic testing, best management approaches and counselling. Illustrative cases provide valuable insights, while extensive tables and illustrations mean that information can be rapidly found.

Neurological diseases such as cerebral stroke, dementia, and Parkinson=s disease are the most frequent causes of swallowing disturbances. Neurogenic dysphagias are playing an increasingly important role in outpatient and in-patient care due to their often severe health sequelae and the increasing ageing of the population. In a practically oriented way, this established reference work discusses the neurophysiological basis, as well as the diagnosis and treatment of neurogenic dysphagias, reflecting the rapid developments in this field during the last 15 years. A special focus in the book is carrying out and reporting on the endoscopic evaluation of neurogenic dysphagias. Since 2015, the German Association for Neurology and the German Stroke Association have been offering a Flexible Endoscopic Examination of Swallowing (FEES) training curriculum for neurogenic dysphagias, and the German Association for Geriatric Medicine has also joined with the project. All of the content requirements for the FEES training curriculum are covered in this expanded and revised second edition of the book. Example FEES videos for various patterns of disturbance can be downloaded as additional materials.

This book sheds new light on central pain, a field that is largely obscured by lack of knowledge among pain professionals at all levels, including high-end pain centers. As a matter of fact, central pain, classified as a form of neuropathic pain, remains too often a scourge for those affected due to the ignorance of pain therapists worldwide and enduring misconceptions at the academic level. By weighing up the relevant evidence, the authors aim to remedy the situation by providing clear-cut, no-nonsense, unbiased and directly applicable clinical information. The clinically sound guidelines presented here are based on the authors'twenty years of treating patients and conducting research in the field. The book will be an invaluable guide for neurologists, neurosurgeons, anesthesiologists, pain therapists as well as physiotherapists.

Die Behandlungsprinzipien und das operative Vorgehen des Neurochirurgen bei Erkrankungen und Verletzungen der Schädelbasis sind in praxisorientierter, reich illustrierter Form in diesem Buch beschrieben. Dazu haben internationale Spezialisten ihr Expertenwissen beigetragen und geben präzise Empfehlungen zur Therapiewahl und zur Auswahl des chirurgischen Verfahrens bei den einzelnen Indikationen. Ausgewählte offene und endoskopische Techniken werden durch Bildserien und Fallbeispiele und teilweise durch Operationsvideos veranschaulicht. Die Beschreibung der klinischen Anatomie der Region und der chirurgischen und strahlentherapeutischen Behandlungsprinzipien runden die Darstellung ab.

This book covers recent advances in the understanding of brain structure, function and disorders based on the fundamental principles of physics. It covers a broad range of physical phenomena occurring in the brain circuits for perception, cognition, emotion and action, representing the building blocks of the mind. It provides novel insights into the devastating brain disorders of the mind such as schizophrenia, dementia, autism, aging or addictions, as well as into the new devices for brain repair. The book is aimed at basic researchers in the fields of neuroscience, physics, biophysics and clinicians in the fields of neurology, neurosurgery, psychology, psychiatry.

This book unites the diverse range of complex neurodegenerative diseases into a textbook designed for clinical practice, edited by globally leading authorities on the subject. Presents a clinically oriented guide to the diseases caused by neurodegeneration Templated chapters combine clinical and research information on neurodegenerative diseases beginning with the common elements before treating each disease individually Diseases are grouped by anatomical regions of degeneration and include common disorders such as Parkinson's Disease, Alzheimer's Disease, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/Motor Neuron Disease, and Multiple Sclerosis as well as less common diseases Edited by globally leading authorities on the subject, and written by expert contributing authors

This unique and richly illustrated volume presents the state of the art in the comprehensive management of major neurosurgical diseases in the elderly (aged 65 and over). It explores all of the common neurosurgical pathologies affecting elderly patients, and emphasizes the paramount importance of tailored management strategies for quality of life. It highlights updated techniques for anaesthesia and critical care, as well as minimally invasive neurosurgical methods intended for this specific group of patients. Radiosurgery treatment is also discussed, in particular for brain tumours.In western societies, the proportion of elderly citizens has nearly reached 20%, and shows no signs of slowing down. The management of neurosurgical conditions in this particular population requires specific multidisciplinary strategies. To address this situation, a team of internationally respected contributors accurately describe degenerative and traumatic spinal diseases, which account for the majority of admissions among the elderly, as well as brain tumours and intracranial haemorrhages, aspects that are raising new ethical issues. The book mainly addresses the needs of neurosurgeons and geriatric neurologists, but also neuro-oncologists and neuro-anaesthesists working with elderly patients, as well as students in these disciplines.

This updated and expanded new edition of a successful book describes genetic diagnostic entities of neuromuscular disorders. Neuromuscular syndromes are presented clinically either as a case study or as an overview from the literature, accompanied by text presenting molecular defects, and differential diagnosis.This collection of neuromuscular disorders features the differential clinical phenotypes related to each genotype and are representative of the whole spectrum of a genetic muscle disorder, helping the clinician and neuromuscular physician to make a diagnosis. Key points for each genetic disease are identified to suggest treatment, when available, or the main clinical exams useful in follow-up of patients. Genetic Neuromuscular Disorders: A Case-Based Approach is aimed at neuromuscular physicians and neurology residents.

This book aims to provide clinicians and other practitioners and professionals with up-to-date information on how to evaluate and manage headaches in children and adolescents, highlighting the most recent recommendations. Unlike in other books on the subject, detailed attention is devoted to the various comorbidities commonly associated with headache, including psychiatric comorbidities such as depression, anxiety, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and learning disabilities and medical conditions such as epilepsy, vascular disorders, brain tumors, atopic disease, and obesity. The intimate link between these conditions and headache is explained with a view to enabling the reader to recognize their presence and, on that basis, to institute the most effective pharmacological or non-pharmacological treatment strategy. Moreover, knowledge of the comorbidities associated with headache will help readers to understand more fully the causes of this serious disorder and also its consequences, e.g., for school performance, relationships, and daily activities. The authors are all international experts who care for children with headache or the other described disorders.

Das vorliegende Buch beschreibt umfassend und aus interdisziplinärer Sicht alle wesentlichen Aspekte zu Diagnose, Therapie und Prävention von akuten und chronischen Rücken- und Nackenschmerzen und wendet sich insbesondere an Orthopäden, Neurologen, Psychologen, Schmerztherapeuten, Internisten und Allgemeinmediziner. Alle Inhalte orientieren sich an den Nationalen Versorgungsleitlinien'Kreuzschmerz'und sind, soweit es die Datenlage zulässt, evidenzbasiert. Hinweise auf Besonderheiten, Fallbeispiele, zusammenfassende Darstellungen und Praxistipps machen das Werk besonders praxistauglich. So gelingt die optimale Versorgung von Rücken- und Nackenschmerzpatienten, auch in schwierigen Fällen. Aus dem InhaltEntstehung und Chronifizierung des Rücken- und NackenschmerzesVersorgungspfade bei akuten/subakuten oder chronischen Schmerzen in Form von Algorithmen mit ergänzenden Informationen, u. a. primärmedizinischer Diagnostik, inkl. Triage, Befunde, Klinik, SymptomeEdukation und die Sichtweise des PatientenBewährte Therapieverfahren und neue TherapieansätzeRehabilitation und LangzeitbetreuungSpezielle Krankheitsbilder mit den spezifischen Diagnostik- und TherapieoptionenBesondere Patientengruppen wie Sportler, Kinder, ÄltereManagement: Versorgungseinrichtungen, Begutachtung, Abrechnung

Clinical neurophysiologic testing is an important component of evaluating patients with complaints that may be attributed to diseases of the central or peripheral nervous system. This classic volume in the Contemporary Neurology Series covers the basic concepts underlying each of the testing techniques and provides comprehensive descriptions of the methods and wide range of electrophysiologic testing available for patients with epilepsy, neuromuscular diseases, movement disorders, demyelinating diseases, sleep disorders, autonomic disorders and those undergoing orthopedic and neurosurgical procedures. This text details the role of each study, the interpretation of findings, and their application clinical problems. This text describes the multiple diagnostic procedures for diverse diseases of the neuromuscular system, including: electroencephalography (EEG); electromyography and nerve conduction studies; single fiber EMG; polysomnography; surface EMG patterns, blood pressure, pulse, sweat measures; vestibular function testing; deep brain stimulator physiology; and intraoperative monitoring. It is a practical textbook for neurologists, physiatrists and clinical neurophysiologists in clinical or research practice or in training. Key Features of the New Edition Include: 1. Fully updated chapters to reflect new research and techniques in clinical neurophysiology. 2. Updated images illustrating key elements of techniques and basic concepts. 3. Case examples for practical application.

Essentials of the Cerebellum and Cerebellar Disorders is the first book of its kind written specifically for graduate students and clinicians. It is based on the 4-volume treatise, Handbook of the Cerebellum and Cerebellar Disorders (Springer, 2013), the definitive reference for scientists and neurologists in the field of cerebellar neurobiology. There have been fundamental advances in the basic science and clinical neurology of the cerebellum and its role in sensorimotor function and cognition. This monograph makes this large and expanding body of knowledge readily accessible to trainees and clinicians alike. The editors are world leaders in the field, and the chapters are authored by an international panel of experts drawn from ataxia clinics and cerebellar laboratories throughout North America, Europe and Asia. Essentials provides a solid grounding in the field of cerebellar research and ataxiology from cerebellar circuity to clinical practice, and it serves as a springboard to a deeper appreciation of both the principles and the complexities of cerebellar neurobiology. Clinicians are expected to have a deep appreciation of cerebellar disorders, not only in specialized ataxia clinics but also in adult and pediatric neurology, neurosurgery, psychiatry and neuropsychology practices, and in outpatient and inpatient rehabilitation settings. This book is an indispensable resource for students and practitioners navigating the evolving field of cerebellar motor and cognitive neurology. It also links to the more expansive Handbook for those who need to explore the topics in this monograph in greater depth.

Pediatric Neuro-Ophthalmology, 3rd edition provides the single authoritative resource on the pathophysiology, diagnostic evaluation, and treatment of neuro-ophthalmologic disorders in children. This book is encyclopedic in scope, incorporating extensive references for each condition, numerous diagrams and pictures, and a detailed analysis of the clinical disorders included in the differential diagnosis of each condition. The third edition builds upon this format to incorporate new discoveries about mechanisms of disease, new diagnostic modalities, advances in treatment in the field of pediatric neuro-ophthalmology, and updated neuroimaging figures. ​