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This book reviews neurophysiological biomarkers in neuropsychiatric disorders from the viewpoint of the 21st Century Cures Act, which encourages the use of biomarkers for a variety of purposes during drug development. It covers both traditional etiologic uses of biomarkers and the more recent Biomarkers, EndpointS, and other Tools (BEST) classification scheme used by the FDA, which permits biomarkers for purposes of susceptibility, diagnosis, monitoring, prognosis, pharmacodynamics/response, and safety. The first section of the book describes potential uses of neurophysiologic biomarkers. Subsequent sections focus on a wide range of conditions, including schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorder, Parkinson's disease, and depression, as well as cross-diagnostic and translational uses, including monkey and rodent analogs. The purpose of the book is to help clinicians understand how neurophysiological biomarkers may be used to understand and manage clinical conditions; to help researchers to understand how biomarkers may be used translationally to test specific theories; and to help pharma investigators to understand how biomarkers can be used to accelerate treatment development.

The relentless march of scientific progress, propelled by innovative technologies and the promise of artificial intelligence, has ushered in an era of unprecedented knowledge and discovery. Yet, this surge in information and technological advancement has left scholars, researchers, and medical professionals grappling with the immense task of translating this wealth of data into practical solutions for real-world problems. As they strive to enhance our understanding of brain health and tackle conditions and disorders that have eluded resolution for over a century, there is a critical need for a unified and coherent approach. Advances in Neurosciences, Neuropsychiatry, and Neurology is a groundbreaking book that is not just a source of knowledge but a roadmap to resolving the perplexing challenges in these fields. With a laser focus on consolidating theoretical insights and presenting clinically relevant findings, this book stands as a beacon of guidance for those seeking to leverage the transformative potential of technology and scientific advancement. It provides an invaluable toolkit of therapeutic strategies, aimed to seamlessly integrate into clinical practice. For researchers, professionals, and students in the fields of neuroscience, medicine, psychology, and related disciplines, this book is a gateway to a deeper understanding of the remarkable advances that are shaping the future of brain health. Explore a variety of topics, from compelling case reports to thought-provoking theoretical discussions, and let your intellectual exploration be guided by empirical studies and systematic reviews. Advances in Neurosciences, Neuropsychiatry, and Neurology is an invitation to be a part of the solution to the most pressing problems in these fields.

This book provides a reference guide describing the current status of medication in all major psychiatric and neurological indications, together with comparisons of pharmacological treatment strategies in clinical settings in Europe, USA, Japan and China. In addition, it highlights herbal medicine as used in China and Japan, as well as complementary medicine and nutritional aspects. This novel approach offers international readers a global approach in a single dedicated publication and is also a valuable resource for anyone interested in comparing treatments for psychiatric disorders in three different cultural areas. There are three volumes devoted to Basic Principles and General Aspects, offering a general overview of psychopharmacotherapy (Vol. 1); Classes, Drugs and Special Aspects covering the role of psychotropic drugs in the field of psychiatry and neurology (Vol. 2) and Applied Psychopharmacotherapy focusing on applied psychopharmacotherapy (Vol. 3). These books are invaluable to psychiatrists, neurologists, neuroscientists, medical practitioners and clinical psychologists.

This textbook provides a state of the art of the knowledge on the prevalence, risk and etiological factors, clinical features, assessment procedures and tools, diagnostic criteria, treatment, and prognosis of the psychiatric disorders encountered in people with intellectual disability (ID) and low-functioning autism spectrum disorder (ASD). ID and ASD represent two meta-syndromic groups of several different conditions, each with particular cognitive and communication features. People with ID/ASD display an increased prevalence of a variety of psychiatric disorders, including psychotic disorders, mood disorders, anxiety and stress-related disorders, somatoform disorders, and obsessive-compulsive disorder, as well behavioral syndromes, personality disorders, and disorders due to psychoactive substance use. This book will enable readers to understand the specificities of psychiatric disorders in the context of ID/ASD. It explains clearly how diagnostic criteria and assessment procedures for psychiatric disorders that were created for the general population have to be modified for use with ID/ASD. Above all, it will enable clinicians to overcome difficulties in diagnosis and to deliver more effective care that meets the particular needs of patients with ID/ASD.

This is one volume of a two-volume work on neurocognitive development, focusing separately on normative and non-normative development. The disorders and disabilities volume focuses on disorders of intellectual abilities, language, learning memory as well as psychiatric developmental disorders. The developmental aspects of neurological diseases in children is also covered. Chapters discuss when and how these disorders develop, the genetics and neurophysiology of their operation, and their evaluation and assessment in clinical practice. Assessment, treatment, and long-term outcome are provided as well as advances in methods and tools for assessment. This book will serve as a comprehensive reference to researchers in cognitive development in neuroscience, psychology, and medicine, as well as to clinicians and allied health professionals focused on developmental disabilities (child neurologists, pediatric neuropsychologists, child psychiatrists, speech and language therapists, and occupational therapists.) - Summarizes research on neurocognitive developmental disorders and disabilities - Includes disorders of intellectual abilities, language, learning, memory, and more - Separately covers developmental aspects of neurological diseases in children - Features advances in methods and tools of assessment - Reviews patient care, rehabilitation, and long-term outcomes - Provides interdisciplinary information of use to both researchers and clinicians

Der Arzneiverordnungs-Report ist seit 1985 eine gemeinsame Publikation von Autoren aus Pharmakologie, Klinik, Praxis, Gesundheitsökonomie und Krankenversicherung. Basis sind die Verordnungsdaten von Arzneimitteln für ambulante Patienten der gesetzlichen Krankenversicherung (GKV). Datenbasis des Jahres 2019 sind 820 Millionen Verordnungen von 179.805 Vertragsärzten und 63.360 Vertragszahnärzten für 73,195 Mio. GKV-Versicherte.Die allgemeine Verordnungs- und Marktentwicklung wird in 5 Kapiteln dargestellt, in denen zusätzlich 31 neue Arzneimittel des Jahres 2019, Biologika und Biosimilars, 10 Jahre AMNOG und europäische Arzneimittelpreise für Biosimilars thematisiert werden. Die speziellen Verordnungsdaten der 3000 meistverordneten Arzneimittel werden in 39 Kapiteln für die führenden Indikationsgruppen evidenzbasiert analysiert.

Im Arzneiverordnungs-Report werden seit 1985 Daten, Kosten und Analysen zur Verordnung von Arzneimitteln für die Patienten der gesetzlichen Krankenversicherung (GKV) publiziert. Datenbasis des Jahres 2018 sind 800 Millionen Verordnungen von 147.713 Vertragsärzten und 65.513 Vertragszahnärzten für 72,997 Mio. GKV-Versicherte.Die allgemeine Verordnungs- und Marktentwicklung wird in 8 Kapiteln dargestellt, in denen zusätzlich europäische Zulassungsverfahren, 37 neue Arzneimittel des Jahres 2018, Biologika und Biosimilars, Orphan-Arzneimittel, Ergebnisse des AMNOG-Erstattungsbetragsverfahrens und europäische Arzneimittelpreise thematisiert werden. Die speziellen Verordnungsdaten der 3000 meistverordneten Arzneimittel (Markterfassung 98%) werden in 39 Kapiteln über die führenden Indikationsgruppen evidenzbasiert analysiert.Aus dem InhaltAllgemeine Verordnungs- und MarktentwicklungIndikationsgruppenErgänzende statistische Übersicht

Im seit 1985 jährlich als Buch erscheinenden Arzneiverordnungs-Report werden die Rezepte für die Patienten der gesetzlichen Krankenversicherung (GKV) mit Methoden der evidenzbasierten Medizin analysiert. Seit dieser Zeit bietet der Report eine unabhängige Informationsmöglichkeit über die verschiedenen Komponenten der Arzneimittelverordnung und trägt damit zur Transparenz des Arzneimittelmarkts, zur Bewertung von Arzneimitteln und zu einer sowohl zweckmäßigen und sicheren evidenzbasierten als auch wirtschaftlichen Arzneitherapie bei.

Im seit 1985 jährlich als Buch erscheinenden Arzneiverordnungs-Report werden die Rezepte für die Patienten der gesetzlichen Krankenversicherung (GKV) mit Methoden der evidenzbasierten Medizin analysiert.Seit dieser Zeit bietet der Report eine unabhängige Informationsmöglichkeit über die verschiedenen Komponenten der Arzneimittelverordnung und trägt damit zur Transparenz des Arzneimittelmarkts, zur Bewertung von Arzneimitteln und zu einer sowohl zweckmäßigen und sicheren evidenzbasierten als auch wirtschaftlichen Arzneitherapie bei.

This work is a guidebook for clinicians who are involved in treating depressive patients and also serves the research scientists who are working on the psychopharmacological mechanisms of antidepressant actions and psychopathological mechanisms underlying mood disorders. Mood disorders such as major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder (BPD) and seasonal affective disorder (SAD) are the most disabling disorders that are among the most expensive of all medical illnesses. The pathophysiology of mood disorders is very complex and involves many mechanisms like circadian rhythm disruption, sleep abnormalities, melatonin rhythm abnormalities and alterations in melatonin receptor mechanisms, abnormalities in monoaminergic neurotransmitter mechanisms, glutamatergic release mechanisms, hippocampal neurogenesis, and abnormal immune and cytokine release mechanisms. Many antidepressants that are in clinical use today including the recently introduced novel agentslike agomelatine or other antidepressants cause clinical remission by resynchronizing disrupted circadian rhythms and melatonin receptor functions, enhancing monoaminergic neurotransmission, promoting hippocampal neurogenesis, and regulating immune mechanisms. This book explains various etiological factors that are involved in the pathogenesis of mood disorders and the mechanisms of therapeutic actions of antidepressants including the recently introduced agomelatine and other antidepressants that exhibit rapid onset of action with greater efficacy and fewer side effects..

This new volume reviews early detection approaches and possible subsequent interventions for psychosis. After introductory chapters, various methods for early detection not only in adults, but also adolescents are described. In this context, the validity of the psychosis high-risk state is debated along with whether early detection is indeed helpful, or actually stigmatizing, for the patient. Further contributions review neuroimaging, including structural and functional MRI, as well as pattern recognition methods and measurement of connectivity abnormalities. Neurocognitive and neurophysiological assessments are also discussed in detail. The last part focuses on early intervention for emerging psychosis, including psychological methods, non-pharmacological substances and pharmacological treatments. Overall conclusions and future perspectives are provided in a final chapter. This book is a state-of-the-art review of current options. It is important reading for researchers and clinicians faced with recognizing and treating psychosis in the most timely and effective manner possible.

Cognitive Enhancement: Pharmacologic, Environmental and Genetic Factors addresses the gap that exists in research on the topic, gathering multidisciplinary knowledge and tools that help the reader understand the basics of cognitive enhancement. It also provides assistance in designing procedures and pharmacological approaches to further the use of novel cognitive enhancers, a field that offers potential benefit to a variety of populations, including those with neurologic and psychiatric disorders, mild aging-related cognitive impairment, and those who want to improve intellectual performance. The text builds on our knowledge of the molecular/cellular basis of cognitive function, offering the technological developments that may soon enhance cognition. Separate sections cover enhancement drugs, environmental conditions, and genetic factors in terms of both human and animal studies, including both healthy/young and aging/diseased individuals. - Provides a multidisciplinary knowledge, enabling a further understanding of cognitive enhancement - Offers coverage of the pharmacologic, environmental, and genetic factors relevant to the topic - Discusses cognitive enhancement from the perspective of both healthy and diseased or aging populations - Topics are discussed in terms of both human and animal studies

This book highlights the behavioral and neurobiological issues relevant for drug development, reviews evidence for an innovative approach for drug discovery and presents perspectives on multiple special topics ranging from therapeutic drug use in children, emerging technologies and non-pharmacological approaches to cognitive enhancement.

A few disorders have some of the same symptoms as schizophrenia including schizoaffective disorders, schizophreniform disorder, schizotypal and schizoid personality disorders, delusional disorder, and autism (schizophrenia spectrum disorders). Since the 2000 there has been significant progress in our understanding of the early presentations, assessment, suspected neuropathology, and treatment of these disorders. Recent technological breakthroughs in basic sciences hold promise for advancing our understanding of the pathophysiology of schizophrenia spectrum disorders. This collective monograph reviewers recent researches regarding the origins, onset, course, and outcome of schizophrenia spectrum disorders. In particular, this book will be illustrate new developments in terms of conceptual models, and research methodology, genetics and genomics, brain imaging and neurochemical studies, neurophysiology and information processing in schizophrenia spectrum disorders patients. Also will be highlighted new developments in our understanding of the childhood psychosis, prodromal and first-episode states, in treatment and rehabilitation. Thus, the purpose of this book is to provide up-to-date overview of the rapid advances made in the clinical and basic science studies supporting our understanding of the relationship between cerebral processes and clinical, cognitive and other presentations of the schizophrenia spectrum disorders. In addition, this book aims to monitor important research developments, which may be relevant to treatment, and rehabilitation of patients.

Schizophrenia remains an important challenge to psychiatry, with its causes and underlying brain mechanisms yet to be fully revealed. Currently available treatments are neither universally effective nor without unwanted effects. These aspects, together with the high prevalence of schizophrenia, its often debilitating nature, and the associated family and social burden, make this mental disorder one of the most complex public health issues of our times. The purpose of the Advances in Schizophrenia Research series is to provide comprehensive periodic reviews of the wide range of research studies carried out around the world, with the dual purpose of solving the schizophrenia puzzle, and providing clues to new forms of treatment and prevention for this disorder. A special feature of the series is its broad scope, virtually encompassing all fields of schizophrenia research: epidemiology and risk factors; psychopathology; diagnostic boundaries; cognition; outcome and prognosis; pathophysiology; genetics; pharmacological and psychological forms of treatment and rehabilitation; community care; and stigmatization.

Research shows that neuro- and social cognition have a decisive influence on functional outcome in people with schizophrenia. In this publication, world-renowned experts summarize the latest research on approaches to assessing and treating cognition in schizophrenia. The book is organized to take the reader through the steps from definitions and assessment of cognition to research on the relevance of cognition in everyday life, to chapters which focus on treatments for cognitive disorders. The reader will learn about the NIMH MATRICS initiative which has provided clinicians and researchers with the tools to define and assess neuro- and social cognitive functioning in people with schizophrenia. Then the treatments for neuro and social cognitive deficits are discussed in several chapters which give an overview of cognitive remediation approaches, accompanied by concrete treatment examples. The reader will also learn about the latest results of pharmacological interventions for cognitive deficits. A final chapter focuses on the importance of addressing motivational deficits when treating cognition, and offers treatment approaches to enhance motivation. This publication is essential reading for clinicians and researchers in the fields of psychiatry, psychology as well as students and other professions working with people who have schizophrenia.

Four years have passed since the last edition (3rd) of this book was published. In the intervening years, several reviews of this book have provided highly encouraging remarks about the value of this book in transmitting information on classification and treatment of psychiatric disorders to the audience. We are proposing to revise all chapters with an eye on accuracy and ease of use, and this is an especially timely endeavor with the upcoming publication of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual V. All the appropriate new information on biology, etiology, diagnosis and treatment of psychiatric disorders will be added to the current proposed edition. It is our goal to recruit the same authors (if possible) who contributed to the previous edition. While all chapters will be updated (see TOC), those marked by asterisks will be the most likely to undergo more revision. Psychiatry has emerged as a burgeoning scientific field with major advances in etiology and treatment of several disorders. Just as there was excitement in the anatomic advances that took place a hundred years ago when Emil Kraepelin and his collaborators took on the enormous task of classification of psychiatric disorders based on rational scientific thinking, new advances in genetics, biochemistry, neuroanatomy and pharmacotherapy of mental disorders have brought us even closer to a better understanding of complex disorders like schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, depression and even autism. The major goal of the previous edition of this classic book was to update the busy clinician, psychiatric resident and medical student with the most up-to-date information on etiology, diagnosis and treatment of psychiatric disorders. This goal remains the focus of the fourth edition of this book. In this updated and expanded edition, the reader will be provided with the most contemporary information and literature supported by a close survey of the field. This new edition of this classic title, with its focus on biologic and medical aspects of psychiatry, will continue to be of significant help to all interested in the scientific practice of psychiatry.