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Written by experts in the field, Precision Molecular Pathology of Aggressive B-Cell Lymphomas contains the most recent revisions from the 5th Edition WHO and 2022 International Consensus Classification diagnostic categories and serves as an important resource for trainees, pathologists, haematologist/oncologists, other clinicians involved in lymphoma care and lymphoma researchers. It provides a comprehensive yet concise synthesis of emerging molecular advances that inform patient care and improve understanding of disease mechanisms. In addition, it provides the necessary background to how molecular techniques are performed to enable the reader to better interpret and critically evaluate relevant and emerging data. As part of the Molecular Pathology Library series, this book focuses specifically on aggressive B-cell lymphomas given the increasing relevance of molecular data for diagnosis and treatment of these disorders. This evidence-based text contains 25 chapters and is divided into 5 parts. Part 1 provides a brief history and background of aggressive B-cell lymphomas. Landmark events in their classification and treatment are given in order to place the substantial advances in the field in context. Part 2 reviews molecular pathology methods, including the increasing use of next generation sequencing techniques in clinical practice. Parts 3 and 4 focus on individual subtypes of aggressive B-cell lymphoma, including a summary of the diagnostic criteria and key pathologic and clinical features for each entity. Finally, Part 5 focuses on emerging molecular technologies that may significantly impact clinical practice.

The second volume of the book Emerging Human Viral Diseases discusses pathogenesis, diagnostics, and therapeutic strategies against viral encephalitis, gastroenteritis, and human immunodeficiency viral infections. The chapters discuss symptoms, diagnostics, and preventive strategies against viral infections. The book also reviews the epidemiology and evolution of viruses causing these infections. It also examines symptoms and strategies for developing novel diagnostics and the vaccine against these viruses. Toward the end, it discusses various biosafety principles for handling emerging viruses and reviews various bioinformatics tools and databases in virology research. This timely book offers valuable resource for the scientists working in the field of emerging viral infections and those involved in preventing, controlling, and managing viral diseases. Inclusively this book will be valuable guide covering most recent scientific progress in emerging human viral diseases and management and will serve as the best resource for undergraduates, graduates, medical professionals, researchers, public health physicians, and national and international health authorities.

In diesem Buch werden die neuesten wissenschaftlichen Erkenntnisse im Zusammenhang mit Fieber erörtert und die Grundsätze der klinischen Praxis vorgestellt, wobei verschiedene Arten von Fieber und mögliche Komplikationen behandelt werden. Das Buch verfolgt einen klar definierten, praktischen und effektiven Ansatz für die Behandlung von Fieber und hilft dem Kliniker, die Versorgung des fiebernden Kindes zu verbessern. Der Leser lernt die Leitlinien zu Antipyretika und deren Nebenwirkungen und Differentialdiagnosen kennen, mit Problemstellung und -lösung in Form einer Falldarstellung. Das Buch, eine automatisierte Übersetzung der zweiten Auflage, enthält spannende neue Informationen zur Pathogenese des Fiebers einschließlich der Funktionen von Interleukin und der neuesten Leitlinien von NICE und Cochrane Library, sowie alle aktuellen Informationen und Handlungsanweisungen zu Fieberkrämpfen. Dieses Nachschlagewerk zu den Wärmeregulationsstörungen bei Kindern deckt das gesamte Themenspektrum rund um Fieber ab. Es gibt einen Überblick über die besten Behandlungsmöglichkeiten, um die besten Ergebnisse zu erzielen. Mit einer Kernaussage zu Beginn jedes Kapitels und einem leserfreundlichen Format dient das Buch als unverzichtbarer Leitfaden für Kinder- und Jugendärztinnen und -ärzte, hausärztlich Tätige und andere Fachpersonen, die regelmäßig wegen fiebernder Kinder konsultiert werden. Die Übersetzung wurde mit Hilfe von künstlicher Intelligenz durchgeführt. Eine anschließende menschliche Überarbeitung erfolgte vor allem in Bezug auf den Inhalt.

This volume provides the first major overview, by eminent authorities on the subject, of recent developments in the field of endogenous substances and their regulation of sleep processes. The first two sections discuss general aspects of sleep regulation; including an historical overview, the restorative and adaptive functions of sleep, and evolutionary features. The third section contains contributions focussing on circadian rhythms in relation to humoral factors, hormones, neurotransmitters and metabolism. The sleep substances currently receiving most attention --- delta-sleep-inducing-peptide (DSIP), muramyl peptides, interleukin-1, sleep-promoting substance (SPS) and prostaglandin D2 --- are extensively discussed. Substances that may selectively modulate REM sleep are dealt with in the final section.

Written by physicians and scientists with expertise in this evolving area, Textbook of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 provides a coherent, readable, and clinically relevant review of the biology, epidemiology, pathophysiology, immunology, clinical features, current treatment, and prevention strategies for the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Using both a systemic and topic-based approach, it summarizes and clarifies the extensive literature published on SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19, includes a comprehensive bibliography, and provides answers to clinical questions at the point of care from multiple specialty perspectives. - Includes dedicated chapters for pulmonary, cardiac, neurological, and oral manifestations of COVID-19. - Covers therapeutics and novel therapeutic targets of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19. - Addresses the diagnostic and management challenges of COVID-19 in the emergency department. - Discusses COVID-19 in special populations, including the effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnant mothers and to the fetus and newborn. - Provides a systematic overview and comparison of vaccines that are approved and in development.

Dieses Referenzwerk bietet dem Allgemeinpädiater, dem angehenden Facharzt und dem (Kinder-)Rheumatologen umfassende Antworten auf alle Fragen der Entstehung, Diagnostik und Therapie von rheumatologischen Erkrankungen bei Kindern und Jugendlichen. Der spezielle Fokus liegt auf der Relevanz und dem Nutzen im Alltag des Pädiaters. Die genauen Angaben zu Therapieempfehlungen und Hinweise zur Evidenz der Therapieverfahren bürgen für einen zuverlässigen und schnellen Behandlungserfolg. Fundierte „State-of-the-Art“-Kinderrheumatologie, praxisbezogen aufbereitet. Ideal zum Nachschlagen für fundiertes Wissen über die Krankheiten, die verwendeten Medikamente und ihre Wirkung im kindlichen Organismus.

The emphasis in this book is on providing evidence-based basic understanding of the subject. The pathophysiology of diseases has been simplified. Modes of presentation and approach to investigations are given in a clinically applicable manner. Therapeutic plan, as given in guidelines, is summarized and presented in a way it has to be used in practice. Each chapter has been written by an expert in the field. Language is simple to comprehend. Enriched with graphs and tables for easy understanding. Effects of COVID-19 on various systems have been included. Provides an Indian perspective of the diseases in each chapter. Includes MCQs in the chapters for revision. Selected readings can be used for more information on the topic.

A highly disabling infectious disease in developing countries, leprosy, or Hansen's disease, is caused by Mycobacterium leprae, and is still very relevant for the human community due to its transmissible nature, variable presentation and composite clinical picture. Early identification of leprosy and Buruli ulcer (also caused by a Mycobacterium, M. ulcerans) is critical to prevent spreading and patient disability and to establish appropriate therapy. This richly illustrated, completely revised second edition of Leprosy and Buruli Ulcer describes the characteristic signs of both these diseases, and contents include abnormalities of the skin, nerves, eyes, hands, feet, testes and bone. It also presents the latest diagnostic tools to identify and quantify organ damage to enable readers to recognize and treat this composite systemic disorder, which can represent a true medical emergency if affecting eyes, nerves, and kidneys. Further, it includes additional chapters on leprosy in childhood, prophylaxis and vaccines. For both leprosy and Buruli ulcer, this handy guide helps practitioners and nursing personnel to spot the different clinical manifestations, make a prompt diagnosis and apply effective treatment of both these diseases.

This comprehensive textbook provides physicians with a practical evidence-based framework to evaluate and manage patients suspected of having overlap disorders involving the integumentary, musculoskeletal and related systems.The book discusses hallmark mucocutaneous features which support, and often specify, diagnosis, and it provides a summary of relevant multisystem examinations, serologic workup, and imaging. Interdisciplinary perspectives on treatment also facilitate a streamlined approach to referral and co-management. Interdisciplinary Approaches to Overlap Disorders in Dermatology & Rheumatology is a must-have resource for dermatologists, rheumatologists, internists, as well as students of medicine and trainees across medical specialties.

This translational, clinically oriented book describes in detail novel approaches to cancer immunotherapy, current strategies to target tumor immunosuppression, and prognostic biomarkers for personalized cancer treatments. Since the first, very successful edition of the book was published in 2015, the original chapters have been significantly updated and entirely new chapters are included on, for example, cancer immunoprevention, aptamer-mediated cancer gene therapy, haploidentical bone marrow transplantation for pediatric malignancies, and nanoimmunotherapy. The book is published as part of the three-volume Springer series Cancer Immunology, which aims to provide an up-to-date, clinically relevant review of cancer immunology and immunotherapy. Other volumes in the series address the translational medicine context and cancer immunotherapy for organ-specific tumors. Cancer Immunology: Bench to Bedside Immunotherapy of Cancers will be of special value to clinical immunologists, hematologists, and oncologists.

This book introduces the clinical application of artificial liver system (ALS) in hepatic failure. It has been widely used in clinics aiming to provide temporary support of liver function while maintaining extra-hepatic function in patients with liver failure. This work comprehensively summarizes the progress of livers and artificial liver, for example, the principle and implementation of Li-ALS, cell transplantation and the combined application of artificial liver and liver transplantation. It will be helpful for clinicians to implement artificial liver treatment to save the lives of patients with hepatic failure.

This book provides a review of therapeutic foods and diets for aging patients. Drawing from extensive clinical experience in large integrative medical practices, it offers a unique and thorough perspective on the challenges that older adults present and the most effective ways to integrate nutritional approaches into their care. Nutritional therapies included here improve patient quality of life via noninvasive, lower cost care and reduce systemic dependencies in a growing demographic. This book looks at condition-specific interventions to equip the practitioner with a thorough understanding of when to call upon specific diet interventions. The text revolves around easily translated clinical tools such as tables, graphs, case studies, and examples to assure multicultural adaptation of evidence-based approaches for conventional use in clinical settings. Integrative Geriatric Nutrition: A Practitioner's Guide to Dietary Approaches for Older Adults is a concise yet thorough resource for all physicians and medical students who treat aging patients, including geriatricians, nutritionists, family physicians, gastroenterologists, nursing home administrators, nurses, other healthcare providers, geriatric advocates, and inquisitive consumers.

The second edition of this important book provides an up-to-date and comprehensive overview of clinical lipidology. Brand new chapters focus on recent advances in the field including novel biomarkers and the microbiome, genomics of cardiovascular risks, PCSK9 inhibitors, imaging technologies, and epidemiology of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.The book describes new guidelines, novel therapeutic agents, and changes in the understanding of specific lipoproteins and subclasses with regard to their relationships to cardiovascular disease risk. The second edition contains more than thirty chapters covering such topics as the history of lipidology, lipoprotein metabolism and vascular biology, disorders of lipid metabolism, lifestyle/dietary and pharmacologic management for dyslipidemia, the management of dyslipidemia in certain subgroups (e.g., women, children, older patients) and lipid testing, as well as an examination of other biomarkers and testing procedures related toatherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. The second edition of Therapeutic Lipidology is an essential resource for physicians, medical students, residents, fellows, and allied health professionals in lipidology, cardiology, endocrinology, pharmacotherapy, and health promotion and disease prevention.

This book explains the immunology of organ-specific malignancies and discusses novel immunotherapy strategies for their treatment. Since the first, very successful edition of the book was published in 2015, a number of entirely new chapters have been included. The range of cancers considered has accordingly been extended, with coverage of the latest immunotherapy approaches for cancers in different organs. In addition, the original chapters have been updated to document the latest advances in immunotherapy for pediatric solid tumors, hematologic malignancies, gastrointestinal tumors, bone tumors, central nervous tumors, lung cancer, genitourinary tract tumors, and breast cancer, among others. The book is published as part of the three-volume Springer series Cancer Immunology, which aims to provide an up-to-date, clinically relevant review of cancer immunology and immunotherapy. Other volumes in the series address the translational medicine context and bench to bedside immunotherapy. Cancer Immunology: Cancer Immunotherapy for Organ-Specific Tumors will be of special value to clinical immunologists, hematologists, and oncologists.

Dieses Buch beschreibt umfassend das aktuelle immunologische, neurologische, biochemische, molekularbiologische und pharmakotherapeutische Wissen über allergische und pseudoallergische Reaktionen. Ausgehend von den immunologischen und neuroimmunologischen Ursachen der allergischen und pseudoallergischen Reaktionen des Menschen werden die klinischen Bilder der allergischen Reaktionen, deren Diagnosen und Differentialdiagnosen und deren therapeutische und prophylaktische Möglichkeiten dargestellt. Einzeln beschrieben sind die unterschiedlichen allergischen Reaktionen, im Besonderen diejenigen vermittelt durch Antikörper und durch Chemokine die immunologischen Mechanismen zur Entwicklung einer Toleranz gegen Allergene die Rolle des Nervensystems bei der Entwicklung und Auslösung von allergischen und pseudoallergischen Reaktionen der allergische Formenkreis (akute allergische und pseudoallergische Reaktionen) Neurodermatitiden asthmatische Reaktionen gastrointestinale Reaktionen und Lebensmittelunverträglichkeiten allergische Schockreaktionen chronische allergische Reaktionen allergische Reaktionen und Unfruchtbarkeit allergische Erkrankungen und das Auftreten von Tumorerkrankungen

This book assembles recent achievements in both basic research and clinical management in the field of hepatology, virology and immunology. It provides up-to-date information for clinicians who can apply the relevant knowledge to their daily clinical practice and for researchers who are interested in clinically orientated studies. The updated and detailed technology, state-of–the-art treatment strategies provided in this book serve as references for clinicians and resident physicians in the daily management of ACLF. The rationality and strategies for basic research as well as patient management in this book can also be a valuable reference for other fatal and end stage liver diseases than HBV induced ACLF. This volume 1 has 6 chapters and focuses on the definition, research technology, virology, genetics, and immunology.

This book covers pathophysiology of fever, the general approach to the febrile patient, and offers a systematic, in-depth discussion regarding the differential diagnosis of unexplained fever. The authors define an unexplained fever as a fever which lasts a minimum of 14 days and whose etiology is not known. This one-of-a-kind publication highlights the main causes of fever, specifically infectious diseases, cancer, connective tissue diseases, various rare disorders, plus etiologies which are often ignored. Also, laboratory and medical imaging techniques for diagnosing fevers are included. Written in a comprehensive, unrepetitious style, this'must-have'resource includes such aspects as the history of the fever, a review of published cases, the approach to the patient, and an analytical review. This up-to-date volume is an indispensable guide that should be read by physicians, surgeons, internists, microbiologists and other medical professionals.

This book provides a comprehensive, state-of-the art review of HBV infection and liver disease. It discusses new data on basic and translational medicine, including the viral life cycle, the immunopathogenesis of virus-induced chronic hepatitis, viral and host genetic factors affecting disease progression, and the mechanism of virus-induced hepatocarcinogenesis, as well as their potential applications in daily clinical practice. The clinical aspects of chronic HBV infection are examined in chapters on the global epidemiology, efficacy of HBV vaccination, natural history, novel biomarkers, co-infections with HCV, HDV or HIV, and management of special populations including children, pregnant women and patients undergoing immunosuppressive therapy. Further, it describes the advances and perspectives in the development of novel antiviral treatments for possible functional cure of HBV infection.In this second edition, authors provides recent updates in epidemiology,biomarkers, antivirus therapy, and novel therapy for functional cure of chronic hepatitis B virus infection.The book is a valuable resource for medical students, physicians, and researchers who are interested in management of patients with chronic HBV infection and investigation HBV infection.

Horizons in Cancer Research. Volume 69 opens with a discussion on hypothetical mechanisms of the induction of NKreg cells in cancer and possible approaches to their abrogation, suggesting that for profound understanding of the problem of NKregs in the context of future target cancer immunotherapy, extensive clinical observations of NKreg cells should be carried out. Afterwards, the authors focus on the cell surface molecules in adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) cells, the function of matricellular proteins, particularly OPN, and their potential as targets for ATL immunotherapy. Later, the book demonstrates dual distinct functional roles of widespread cancerous immunoglobulins among cancer cells for the potential applications of RP215 in therapeutic treatments of many human cancers. RP215-linked chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy technology has been applied in anti-cancer treatments through a series of CAR construction and validations by cytotoxic cell killing and cytokine activity release assays. Next, the authors present a new approach to describing, analyzing and understanding the process of dying in cancer patients based on the assumption that there are four tracks along which dying proceeds: the track focused on the medical-diagnostic aspects of the disease, the track referring to the physical aspects of the disease, the track defined by the psychological aspects of the disease and the track describing the coping- determined aspects of dying. In a separate study, examples of cases using a flexible, inflatable multi-channel applicator for the treatment of primary and recurrent gynecologic cancer, as well as treatment with Syed interstitial brachytherapy are presented. The examples are intended to emphasize the different characteristics of patient's anatomy and tumors that guide the selection of a particular applicator and brachytherapy technique. Afterwards, the role of emodin in cancer prevention is discussed. Emodin possesses a broad spectrum of pharmacological, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities.

MASTER MODERN MEDICINE! Introducing the Landmark Twentieth Edition of the Global Icon of Internal Medicine The definitive guide to internal medicine is more essential than ever with the latest in disease mechanisms, updated clinical trial results and recommended guidelines, state-of-the art radiographic images, therapeutic approaches and specific treatments, hundreds of demonstrative full-color drawings, and practical clinical decision trees and algorithms Recognized by healthcare professionals worldwide as the leading authority on applied pathophysiology and clinical medicine, Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine gives you the informational foundation you need to provide the best patient care possible. Essential for practice and education, the landmark 20th Edition features: Thoroughly revised content—covering the many new breakthroughs and advances in clinical medicine that have occurred since the last edition of Harrison's. Chapters on acute and chronic hepatitis, management of diabetes, immune-based therapies in cancer, multiple sclerosis, cardiovascular disease, HIV, and many more, deliver the very latest information on disease mechanisms, diagnostic options, and the specific treatment guidance you need to provide optimal patient care. State-of-the-art coverage of disease mechanisms: Harrison's focuses on pathophysiology with rigor, and with the goal of linking disease mechanisms to treatments. Improved understanding of how diseases develop and progress not only promotes better decision-making and higher value care, but also makes for fascinating reading and improved retention. Harrison's summarizes important new basic science developments, such as the role of mitochondria in programmed and necrotic cell death, the immune system's role in cancer development and treatment, the impact of telomere shortening in the aging and disease processes, and the role of the microbiome in health and disease. Understanding the role of inflammation in cardiovascular disease, the precise mechanisms of immune deficiency in HIV/AIDS, prions and misfolded proteins in neurodegenerative diseases, and obesity as a predisposition to diabetes are just a few examples of how this edition provides essential pathophysiology information for health professionals. All-new sections covering a wide range of new and emerging areas of vital interest to all healthcare professionals. New sections include: Sex and Gender-based Issues in Medicine; Obesity, Diabetes Mellitus, and Metabolic Syndrome; and Consultative Medicine—Plus, a new Part covering cutting-edge topics in research and clinical medicine includes great new chapters on the role of Epigenetics in Health and Disease, Behavioral Strategies to Improve Health, Genomics and Infectious Diseases, Emerging Neuro-Therapeutic Technologies, and Telomere Function in Health and Disease, and Network System Medicine. Important and timely new chapters—such as Promoting Good Health, LGBT Health, Systems of Healthcare, Approach to Medical Consultation, Pharmacogenomics, Antimicrobial Resistance, Worldwide Changes in Patterns of Infectious Diseases, Neuromyelitis Optica, and more—offer the very latest, definitive perspectives on must-know topics in medical education and practice. Updated clinical guidelines, expert opinions, and treatment approaches from world-renowned editors and authors contribute to the accuracy and immediacy of the text material and present a clear blueprint for optimizing patient outcomes. End-of-chapter suggested readings reinforce the text material and provide a robust platform for further study and research.

Wirusy pozostają wciąż jednym z najważniejszych czynników chorobotwórczych człowieka. Problem zakażeń wirusowych jest szczególnie istotny w obecnych czasach, gdyż łatwe przekraczanie granic i masowe migracje powodują przenoszenie wirusów poza naturalne granice występowania. Zwiększyły się również możliwości przeniesienia czynnika zakaźnego ze zwierzęcia na człowieka, co powoduje cyrkulację patogenów w obrębie populacji ludzkiej. W książce przedstawiono praktyczne zagadnienia infekcji wirusowych u różnych grup pacjentów z punktu widzenia klinicysty. Szczególną uwagę zwrócono na czynniki ryzyka, objawy kliniczne, diagnostykę różnicową i laboratoryjną, leczenie i profilaktykę. Publikacja przygotowana przez znanych i cenionych specjalistów i klinicystów z tej dziedziny. Książka adresowana do lekarzy różnych specjalności – szczególnie chorób wewnętrznych, hematologii, pulmonologii, neurologii, pediatrii, dermatologii, chorób zakaźnych, medycyny rodzinnej oraz mikrobiologii. Będzie również doskonałym źródłem wiedzy w czasie kształcenia zawodowego. Tematyka publikacji: Budowa i ogólne właściwości wirusów Mechanizmy odporności w zakażeniach wirusowych Epidemiologia zakażeń i chorób wirusowych Zakażenia górnych i dolnych dróg oddechowych Zakażenia ośrodkowego układu nerwowego Zakażenia układu sercowo-naczyniowego Zakażenia skóry Zakażenia układu pokarmowego Zakażenia układu moczowo-płciowego Zakażenia okołoporodowe Zakażenia wieku dziecięcego Zakażenia po przeszczepieniu narządów unaczynionych Zakażenia w hematologii Objawy chorób wirusowych w jamie ustnej Zakażenia oka Zakażenie HIV Wirusowe zapalenia wątroby Wirusowe gorączki krwotoczne Zakażenia podróżnych i nowe zakażenia wirusowe Bioterroryzm

Natural killer (NK) cells are important effector cells of innate immune system implicated in many physiological processes including elimination of cancer cells and virus infected cells. NK cells comprise a majority of large granular lymphocytes circulating in peripheral blood with a minority derived from T cell lineage. Even though NK cells were first described more than 40 years ago, it was not until the 1980s and 1990s when immunophenotyping was incorporated into clinical diagnostic methods and resulted in discovery of distinct disorders of large granular lymphocytes and NK cells. Since then, significant progress was made in our better understanding of immunophenotypic and genotypic characteristics, biology, functions as well as disorders of these cells. Most recently, clinical studies using NK-cell based immunotherapy have shown promising results in treatment of some of malignant diseases. Disorders of large granular lymphocytes and NK cells are rare comprising only about 1% of all lymphoid malignancies in western countries. The rarity of these conditions was a main reason that the progress in our understanding of pathogenesis and development of novel therapeutic approaches has been delayed compared to development in more common B cell lymphoid malignancies. The low incidence of these diseases and scarcity of prospective clinical trials also limit the availability of evidence based research literature as well as comprehensive reviews about NK cell disorders. Thus, the editors decided to take on the challenging task and summarize our current knowledge about malignant and benign diseases of large granular lymphocytes in this book based on the best available evidence. The editors selected topics most relevant to clinical practice in order to provide a useful guide for practicing physicians. Chapters describing four disorders (T-cell large granular lymphocytic leukemia, chronic lymphoproliferative disorder of NK cells, extranodal NK cell lymphoma and aggressive NK cell leukemia) incorporated into most recent 2016 revision of classification of lymphoid malignancies are separated into experimental, diagnositc and clinical parts for easier understanding and reading. We are aware of challenges and inherited limitations of any larger project like this one due to a rapid progress especially in the field of genomics, which may not be incorporated in this book before it is published. The editors and contributing authors would like to thank the publisher NOVA for their support.

This book offers a comprehensive approach to the wide range of movement disorders, an important specialty in the field of neurology, guiding readers from the phenomenology to diagnosis and management. Reflecting the latest developments in the field, it offers a unique summary of this dynamic area by pursuing a uniform approach to movement disorders curricula. Divided into three parts, Movement Disorders Curricula provides an authoritative overview of this growing branch of neurology. The first part presents the basic elements of movement disorders, including descriptions of the anatomy and physiology of the basal ganglia. It also features sections on clinical trials for movement disorders, practical skills, and rating scales. The second and third part examine in detail hypokinetic and hyperkinetic movement disorders, respectively. Equipping readers with the practical and research skills needed in the movement disorders field, the book offers a valuable tool to help them prepare for board examinations on general neurology, as well as for fellowships in movement disorders.

Provides information about immune system function and disease.

SPECIAL OFFER! SAVE WHEN YOU PURCHASE HARRISON'S PRINCIPLES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE, 19e ALONG WITH THE COMPANION HARRISON'S MANUAL! This dollar-saving Harrison's bundle includes these two great resources: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, Nineteenth Edition Through six decades, no resource has matched the authority, esteemed scholarship, and scientific rigor of Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine. Capturing the countless advances and developments across the full span of medicine, the 19th edition of Harrison's provides a complete update of essential content related to disease pathogenesis, clinical trials, current diagnostic methods and imaging approaches, evidence-based practice guidelines, and established and newly approved treatment methods. Here are just a few of the outstanding features of the Nineteenth Edition:•Presented in two volumes: Volume 1 is devoted to foundational principles, cardinal manifestations of disease and approach to differential diagnosis; Volume 2 covers disease pathogenesis and treatment•NEW chapters on important topics such as Men's Health, The Impact of Global Warming on Infectious Diseases, Fatigue, and many more•Critical updates in management and therapeutics in Hepatitis, Coronary Artery Disease, Ebola Virus Disease, Multiple Sclerosis, Diabetes, Hypertension, Deep Vein Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism, Acute and Chronic Kidney Disease, Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Lipoprotein Disorders, HIV and AIDS, and more.•Increased number of the popular Harrison's clinical algorithms; clinically relevant radiographic examples spanning hundreds of diseases; clinical-pathological images in full color; crystal clear, full color drawings and illustrations and helpful tables and summary lists that make clinical application of the content faster than ever•Access to outstanding multi-media resources including practical videos demonstrating essential bedside procedures, physical examination techniques, endoscopic findings, cardiovascular findings, and more The package also includes….. Harrison's Manual of Medicine, Nineteenth Edition Harrison's Manual of Medicine is a concise, bedside resource derived from content found in Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, Nineteenth Edition. Perfect for use at the point of care, the Manual presents clinical information covering key aspects of the diagnosis, clinical manifestations, and treatment of the major diseases that are likely to be encountered in medical practice. Presented in full color and incorporating an efficient blend of succinct text, bullet points, algorithms, and tables Harrison's Manual of Medicine, Nineteenth Edition covers every area of clinical medicine, including:• Etiology and Epidemiology• Clinically Relevant Pathophysiology• Signs and Symptoms• Differential Diagnosis• Physical and Laboratory Findings• Therapeutics• Practice Guidelines

This book provides an overview of the discovery and structure of IL-17, including its pathogenesis and role in chronic inflammation and autoimmunity. To capture the latest developments and product approvals the book also discusses the therapeutic advances and looks at emerging therapies targeting the IL-17 pathway. IL-17 is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that has a key role in inflammation, autoimmunity, and host defense in a number of inflammatory disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis and psoriasis, ankylosing spondylitis, multiple sclerosis, and inflammatory bowel disease. The discovery of the IL-17-Th17 pathway has seen exciting development in the field of immunology and inflammation research, which has led to a number of recent regulatory approvals.

This text provides a comprehensive, state-of-the art review of this field, and will serve as a valuable resource for students, clinicians, and researchers with an interest in hepatitis B. The book reviews new data about basic and translational science including the viral life cycle, the immunopathogenesis of virus induced chronic hepatitis, the mechanism of virus induced liver cancer, and their potential applications for the clinical management of patients. The clinical aspects of this chronic viral infection are reviewed in detail with important chapters on the global epidemiology, the natural history of the disease, co-infections with its satellite virus HDV or HIV, and management of special patient populations. A major emphasis is made on the management of antiviral therapy and the recent international guidelines for the treatment of hepatitis B. Finally, the book reviews the current state of the art regarding immunoprophylaxis to prevent the spread of the virus and its major clinical consequences. The new advances and perspectives in the development of improved antiviral treatments are also discussed.Hepatitis B Virus in Human Diseases will serve as a very useful resource for students, physicians and researchers dealing with, and interested in, this challenging chronic viral infection. It will provide a concise yet comprehensive summary of the current status of the field that will help guide patient management and stimulate investigative efforts. All chapters are written by experts in their fields and include the most up to date scientific and clinical information.

Arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) are the causative agents of significant morbidity and mortality among humans and domestic animals globally. They are maintained in complex biological life cycles, involving a primary vertebrate host and a primary arthropod vector. While all known arboviruses are zoonotic pathogens, their emergence as human pathogens is associated with dramatic increases of human population growth leading to uncontrolled urbanization, changes in land and water use, changes in agricultural practices, new irrigation systems and deforestation. This book brings together a panel of expert arbovirologists to produce a timely review of the rapidly expanding arbovirus research literature. In addition authors identify the most pressing questions that remain to be answered, thus providing a stimulus for future research. Topics include: taxonomy, genome organization, virus-host and virus-vector interactions, evolutionary history, role of vertical transmission in arbovirus maintenance and evolution, epidemiology, arbovirus replication, pathogenesis, arbovirus diagnostics and control, including vaccines, novel anti-viral drugs, RNA interference and genetically modified vectors. Essential reading for every arbovirologist and highly recommended for all virologists and public health officials.

Now in its 10th edition, Sleisenger and Fordtran?s Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease remains your indispensable source for definitive, state-of-the-art answers on every aspect of gastroenterology and hepatology. Overcome your most complex clinical challenges and make optimal use of the newest techniques, technologies, and treatments?with superb guidance from hundreds of world-renowned authorities. Meticulous updates throughout include the latest approaches and improvements in gastrointestinal and liver disease diagnosis and therapy as well as hundreds of images and 35 new procedural videos.'..one of the most valuable clinical resources in the dynamic field of gastroenterology and hepatology.'Reviewed by Brindusa Diaconu on behalf of the Journal of Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, July 2015'..an engaging, educational yet clinically orientated textbook which is relevant to modern clinical practice.'Reviewed by Dr Harry Brown on behalf of glycosmedia.com, April 2015'I can personally attest to the remarkable advances that have been made, as I was author of the chapter on eosinophilic gastroenteritis in the second edition of the textbook, and reading the same chapter in the tenth edition underscores the important advances that have been made in our understanding of the molecular basis as well as the pathophysiology of this and related disorders.'Foreword by Norton J. Greenberger, MD Boston, Massachusetts, June 2015 Consult this title on your favorite e-reader. Get the essential gastroenterology information you need from one authoritative source with an outstanding global reputation for excellence. Zero in on the key information you need to know with a consistent, full-color chapter design. Stay up to date with emerging and challenging topics: enteric microbiota and probiotics; fecal microbiota transplantation; Clostridium difficile colitis; and factitious gastrointestinal diseases. Incorporate the latest findings and improvements in care for liver disease patients—from diagnosis and treatment through post-treatment strategies and management of complications. Expert Consult eBook version included with purchase. This enhanced eBook experience allows you to search all of the text, figures, references, and videos from the book on a variety of devices.

Pulmonary Circulation provides physicians with a better understanding of the structure, function and pathophysiology of the pulmonary circulation. It provides comprehensive coverage from diagnosis and clinical evaluation of patients with pulmonary hypertension to imaging techniques, disorders and treatment.This new edition incorporates the latest clinical, pathophysiological and pathological research on pulmonary circulatory disorders. In particular, it provides greater emphasis on the role of the right ventricle in pulmonary vascular disease, updated knowledge on pathobiology and genetics, and includes new material related to imaging and other diagnostic modalities. This edition also reflects new classifications and all the recommendations from the 2013 World Conference on Pulmonary Circulation as well as current guidelines from the European Society of Cardiology and the European Respiratory Society.Thoroughly updated to keep up with the brisk pace of discovery and emerging therapies, the book remains an essential resource by providing a balance between scientific review and clinically relevant guidelines for the busy practicing physician.

The landmark guide to internal medicine— updated and streamlined for today's students and clinicians The only place you can get ALL the great content found in the two print volumes AND the acclaimed DVD in one convenient resource! Through six decades, no resource has matched the authority, esteemed scholarship, and scientific rigor of Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine. Capturing the countless advances and developments across the full span of medicine, the new 19th edition of Harrison's provides a complete update of essential content related to disease pathogenesis, clinical trials, current diagnostic methods and imaging approaches, evidence-based practice guidelines, and established and newly approved treatment methods. Here are just a few of the outstanding features of the new Nineteenth Edition: Content is practically organized around two basic themes: education and clinical practice The teaching and learning sections cover foundational principles, cardinal manifestations of disease and approach to differential diagnosis; the content devoted to clinical practice focuses on disease pathogenesis and treatment NEW chapters on important topics such as Men's Health, The Impact of Global Warming on Infectious Diseases, Fatigue, and many more Critical updates in management and therapeutics in Hepatitis, Coronary Artery Disease, Ebola Virus Disease, Multiple Sclerosis, Diabetes, Hypertension, Deep Vein Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism, Acute and Chronic Kidney Disease, Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Lipoprotein Disorders, HIV and AIDS, and more. Increased number of the popular Harrison's clinical algorithms; clinically relevant radiographic examples spanning hundreds of diseases; clinical-pathological images in full color; crystal clear, full color drawings and illustrations and helpful tables and summary lists that make clinical application of the content faster than ever Outstanding multi-media resources including practical videos demonstrating essential bedside procedures, physical examination techniques, endoscopic findings, cardiovascular findings, are available for easy download Supporting the renowned coverage are supplemental resources that reflect and assist modern medical practice: more than 1,000 full-color photographs to aid visual recognition skills, hundreds of state-of-the-art radiographs, from plain film to 3D CT to PET Scans; beautiful illustrations that bring applied anatomy and processes to life; the renowned Harrison's patient-care algorithms, essential summary tables, and practical demonstrative videos. In addition, several digital atlases highlight noninvasive imaging, percutaneous revascularization, gastrointestinal endoscopy, diagnosis and management of vasculitis, and numerous other issues commonly encountered in clinical practice. Acclaim for Harrison's: “Covering nearly every possible topic in the field of medicine, the book begins with a phenomenal overview of clinical medicine, discussing important topics such as global medicine, decision-making in clinical practice, the concepts of disease screening and prevention, as well as the importance of medical disorders in specific groups (e.g. women, surgical patients, end of life). The extensive chapters that follow focus on a symptom-based presentation of disease and then illness organized by organ system. Numerous tables, graphs, and figures add further clarity to the text.'…Written by experts in the field, this book is updated with the latest advances in pathophysiology and treatment. It is organized in a way that makes reading from beginning to end a logical journey, yet each chapter can stand alone as a quick reference on a particular topic. “ Doody's Review Service reviewing the previous edition of

This book has been written in a clear and straightforward manner, making it accessible to a broad audience. It is applicable to scientists, educators, students, officials, diagnosticians, and researchers, as Immunology has become an indispensable subject in understanding the immune systems role in disease pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment. The book covers all aspects of Immunology, including innate and acquired immunity, antigens and antigenicity, antibody structure and function, complement, serological tests, T and B lymphocytes, cytokines, defects in the immune system, AIDS, autoimmunity and tolerance, tumor immunology, vaccines and vaccinations, as well as a variety of miscellaneous topics. Additionally, the book includes a list of recommended tests for infectious diseases in international trade, which will be useful for researchers, educators, and students. Overall, this book is an excellent resource for anyone seeking to improve their understanding of Immunology and prepare for competitive examinations with greater confidence.

This text provides a practical guide for the diagnostic surgical pathologist in evaluating tumors involving the liver. It comprehensively covers the histological findings and key clinical and molecular correlates of liver tumors. The focus is on material that is most relevant to the actual practice of liver pathology including those aspects that are directly relevant to the diagnosis, subtyping and prognostication of hepatic adenomas specimens, including biopsy specimens and surgical resections. The book will teach pathologists how to avoid common diagnostic pitfalls. Each chapter uses or discusses the nomenclature and classification system of liver tumors as per the current WHO classification of liver tumors. Each chapter fully incorporates the most up to date diagnostic methodologies, including immunohistochemistry and molecular methods. Referencing is succinct and references were carefully chosen for their key role as the primary sources of information on a given disease. The text is richly illustrated with beautiful color images that highlight not just the “average” histological findings for a given entity, but also fully illustrate all of the key histological variability. Gross images are also included to highlight important diagnostic features. Tables are used judiciously to present summary information that allows a quick review on how similar entities compare and contrast. In addition, the clinical significance of various diseases will be discussed in a focused fashion that highlights how pathology information is being used to make key clinical management decisions. Each chapter is written by experts in hepatopathology, all from the Mayo Clinic Departments of Pathology.Surgical Pathology of Liver Tumors will be of great utility to surgical pathologists and surgical pathologists in training as well as clinicians involved in the care of patients with liver tumors, particularly hepatologists and oncologists.

This translational book describes in detail the clinical application of novel approaches in cancer immunotherapy with the aim of educating clinicians in the implications of the most recent research and new developments in the field. The scope is broad, encompassing, for example, prognostic biomarkers for personalized cancer treatment, strategies for targeting tumor immunosuppression, gene therapy, virus-based vaccines, targeting of cancer stem cells, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, the role of T lymphocytes in cancer immunotherapy, use of monoclonal antibodies, and many more innovative approaches. Clinical immunologists, hematologists, and oncologists in particular will find the book to be of value in expanding their knowledge. The book is the second in a three-volume series, Cancer Immunology, which offers an up-to-date review of cancer immunology and immunotherapy. The remaining volumes focus on the immunopathology of cancers and cancer immunotherapy for organ-specific tumors. In total the series, designed for both clinicians and researchers, includes contributions from more than 250 scientists working at leading universities and institutes from across the world.

Cancer Immunology is intended as an up-to-date, clinically relevant review of cancer immunology and immunotherapy. This volume is focused on immunopathology of cancers. The interactions between cancerous cells and various components of the innate and adaptive immune system are fully described. The principal focus, however, is very much on clinical aspects, the aim being to educate clinicians in the clinical implications of the most recent research and new developments in the field. Over the past decade, understanding of the interactions between the immune system and cancerous cells has increased markedly, leading to the development of combinatorial immunotherapeutic strategies to combat cancer. This translational, clinically oriented book will be of special value to clinical immunologists, hematologists and oncologists.

Fanconi Anemia (FA), a rare genetic disease featuring excess cancer risk and chromosomal instability, has received growing interest after the discovery that one of the defective genes in FA is associated with high-impact diseases such as familial breast cancer and ovary cancers. A well-documented relationship has accumulated in several decades and up to recently, studies have linked FA with a redox imbalance (oxidative stress, OS) in FA cells. The toxicity mechanisms of crosslinking agents (mitomycin C and diepoxybutane) in FA cells, along with the roles of OS-related aldehydes and glutathione in FA and in other diseases, are critically discussed. Also discussed is the proinflammatory state in FA phenotype. Additionally, recent studies have discovered an impairment in the structure and function of mitochondria in FA cell lines, while mitochondrial dysfunction in FA patients has so far been an unexplored field warranting ad hoc investigations. This book provides the readers with up-to-date information and perspectives on Fanconi anemia and oxidative stress that may prompt further elucidation of this intriguing disease, along with working hypotheses in clinical research and patients'management.

Cancer Immunology is intended as an up-to-date, clinically relevant review of cancer immunology and immunotherapy. This volume focuses on the immunopathology and immunotherapy of organ cancers in detail. It clearly explains their immunology and describes novel immunotherapy for specific cancers, including pediatric solid tumors, hematologic malignancies, gastrointestinal tumors, skin cancers, bone and connective tissue tumors, central nervous system tumors, lung cancers, genitourinary tract tumors and breast cancers. In so doing, it builds on the previous two volumes in Cancer Immunology, placing basic knowledge on tumor immunology and immunotherapy into a clinical perspective with the aim of educating clinicians on advances in cancer immunology and the most recent approaches in the immunotherapy of various tumors. This translational, clinically oriented book will be of special value to clinical immunologists, hematologists and oncologists.

Asthma as seen by Otolaryngologists as part of the patient workup, diagnosis, and treatment of the spectrum of disorders of asthma is presented. Otolaryngologists are frequently the de facto allergy specialist for patients presenting with asthma. ENT physicians will find current information for Data gathering and Interpretation (screening and testing), Diagnosis, combined surgical and non-surgical Treatment, and Basic Science related to Asthma in this publication.

Chronic kidney disease is a non-communicable disease that has experienced a global surge in incidence and prevalence over the past few decades, and it has been increasingly considered a major contributor to the global disease burden and mortality. In prior years, most of the awareness and treatment of patients with chronic kidney disease, particularly in the developed world, had focused on patients with end stage renal disease, one of the potential outcomes of chronic kidney disease. More recent epidemiological data has shown that the majority of the burden of chronic kidney disease occurs in patients who are in the earlier stages of this condition, prior to end stage renal disease. The opportunities to recognize the signs, symptoms, and complications, and to consider extant treatment paradigms are useful in the global environment (both in developed and developing nations). We are very happy to present this work, authored by an international panel of experts, as a useful addition and tool for the global efforts to address the burden of chronic kidney disease.

Autoimmune Liver Diseases summarizes the recent high-impact research and clinical findings obtained in Japan in the study and treatment of autoimmune liver diseases. Although these disorders are relatively rare, they are recognized as an important group of refractory liver diseases, the most common of which are autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). The book therefore comprises two major sections, one dealing with AIH, the other with PBC. AIH in Japanese patients creates a unique disease population, as its clinical features are different from those of Western patients resulting from the different genetic background of the two patient populations. Also, mouse models of neonatal thymectomy-PD-1 knockout mice, clinical analyses of acute hepatitis-like manifestations, and research findings on IgG4-related autoimmune hepatitis have been reported in Japan and are included in this book. A disease-susceptibility gene specific to Japanese PBC patients has also recently been discovered. Because of the relatively homogeneous population of Japan, analyses conducted with Japanese PBC patients have yielded findings that are highly relevant to the pathogenesis of the disease. Furthermore, new pathological staging criteria, anti-gp210 antibodies and the basis they provide for improved accuracy of prognosis, treatment with bezafibrate, and the outcomes of living-donor liver transplantation are also presented here. This volume therefore serves as a useful resource not only for hepatologists, but also for researchers, clinical residents, and medical students both in Japan and in other countries.

Liver Immunology: Principles and Practice, Second Edition begins with important information about the epidemiology and mortality of liver disease worldwide. This information is followed by chapters related to basic immunology, application of liver immunology for diagnosis, and several excellent chapters that provide a solid foundation for understanding immune-mediated liver disease, including those associated with the biliary tree. A chapter on non-hepatic manifestations of immune mediated liver disease helps provide context for how these diseases affect the patient overall. In addition, chapters discuss various discrete immunologically-mediated infectious liver disorders including those related to bacteria, parasites, and all of the classic viruses. Chapters on the traditional autoimmune liver diseases -- primary biliary cirrhosis, autoimmune hepatitis, primary sclerosing cholangitis as well as overlap syndrome – are also included. The breadth of this comprehensive second edition is highlighted by chapters on alcoholic liver disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and drug-induced liver disease, among others. This invaluable new edition ends with a forward-looking view of future directions and how the field might meet the challenge of refractory patients. Developed by a renowned group of authors, Liver Immunology: Principles and Practice, Second Edition will again serve as a comprehensive textbook by providing an excellent overview for this rapidly evolving field. It greatly adds to the understanding of the pathogenesis of these diseases, while also providing novel insights that can be harnessed into helping improve the care of patients afflicted with various immune-mediated diseases. This volume will again be a must-read for clinicians at all levels, investigators andstudents.

Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease with a prevalence of 0.1% of the global population, and 5-10% patients are under 40 years of age. Several text books have been published on various aspects of PD to date, including research and clinical aspects. However these do not emphasize the inflammatory pathways and pathways of neurodegeneration in PD. Inflammation in Parkinson's Disease brings advances in research together with current literature and evidence. This concise volume covers the fundamentals of neuroimmunology and inflammatory models, the interactions between pathways of neurodegeneration and follows the concept of research work undertaken from basic science to clinical trials. Researchers, clinicians, and students interested in Parkinson's Disease are provided with a comprehensive view of translational research methods and an insight needed for developing future therapies aimed at disease modulation.

The authors reviewed a wide number of microbiological and medical papers outlining the profile of different probiotic strains in the immune-modulating activity related to major and minor clinical impairment of soluble and cell-mediated immunity. Starting from in vitro and experimental animal studies, a good number of clinical trials are reported, enclosing an update of the side effects of the probiotic long-term administration. Conclusively, the biological therapies are currently oriented to direct delivery of cytokines and molecules involved in the immune process enhancement. Using probiotics to sustain the immune response and to rescue the suppressed immunity is still a very modern approach, being also cheap and practical. This review highlights the rationale for this probiotic therapeutic indication which is largely safe and reliable.

Rheumatische Beschwerden sind bei Kindern und Jugendlichen weitaus häufiger als allgemein angenommen. Die Folge: die Beschwerden werden fehlinterpretiert oder falsch behandelt. Krankheitsverläufe und Prognosen unterscheiden sich wesentlich von denen der Erwachsenenrheumatologie. Inzwischen stehen immer bessere Behandlungsmöglichkeiten für rheumatologische Erkrankungen auch bei Kindern zur Verfügung. Dank neuer Medikamente sind die jungen Patienten heute beweglicher und es zeigen sich weniger Folgeschäden wie Wachstumsstörungen, Gelenk- oder Sehschäden. Der richtige Einsatz dieser Mittel setzt aber ein fundiertes Wissen über die Krankheiten, die verwendeten Medikamente und ihre Wirkung im kindlichen Organismus voraus. Dieses Referenzwerk bietet dem Allgemeinpädiater, dem angehenden Facharzt und dem (Kinder-)Rheumatologen umfassende Antworten auf alle Fragen der Entstehung, Diagnostik und Therapie von rheumatologischen Krankheiten bei Kindern und Jugendlichen. Für die 2. Auflage wurden alle Kapitel aktualisiert mit speziellem Fokus auf Relevanz und Nutzen im Alltag des Pädiaters. Besonders wertvoll für den Anwender ist die durchgehend praxisorientierte Darstellung: genaue Angaben zu Therapieempfehlungen und Hinweise zur Evidenz der Therapieverfahren bürgen für einen zuverlässigen und schnellen Behandlungserfolg. Fundierte „State-of-the-Art“-Kinderrheumatologie, praxisbezogen aufbereitet.

Providing a broad overview of basic and clinical aspects of alpha 1-antitrypsin (a 1AT) deficiency, this up-to-date reference discusses the complex pathobiological processes underlying the pathogenesis of a1AT deficiency, describes the a1AT gene and its promoter, and details specific therapies to prevent the major clinical manifestations of the dis

The only complete, scientifically rigorous, fully integrated reference giving a wide ranging and in-depth perspective on cerebral palsy and related neurodevelopment disabilities. It considers all aspects of cerebral palsy from the causes to clinical problems and their implications for individuals. Leading scientists present the evidence on the role of pre-term birth, inflammation, hypoxia, endocrinological and other pathways. They explore opportunities for neuroprotection leading to clinical applications. An international team of experts provides clinicians and researchers with key information on the mechanisms underlying impairments in movement, development, cognition, communication, vision, feeding, behaviour, sexuality, and musculoskeletal deformities. They present a wide range of person-centred assessment approaches, including clinical evaluation, measurement scales, neuroimaging and gait analysis. The principles of multi-disciplinary management are presented, in terms of therapist intervention, medication and surgery. The perspective of the book spans the lifelong course of cerebral palsy, taking into account worldwide differences in socio-economic and cultural factors. Many chapters are illustrated with clinical vignettes enabling direct translation into practice. Full integrated colour, with extensive cross-referencing make this a highly attractive and useful reference.

'Infection in the Compromised Host'has become a classic chapter in textbooks devoted to infectious diseases and internal medicine. The numbers of compromised hosts are increasing in the era of modem medicine because of our expanded capabilities to deal with difficult diseases, especially neoplasms. As a consequence, microbiologic complications related to the intensive care administered to these patients are increasing as well. Under these circum­ stances, not only does the underlying illness create conditions favorable for the development of unusual infections, but often the therapy contributes to the acquisition of potential pathogens that turn into agents responsible for severe and frequently fatal disease. Granulocytopenia and immunosuppression have been the two key fac tors in predisposing patients with cancer and other serious diseases to severe bacterial infections. Colonization by hospital-acquired pathogens and breaks in the anatomic barriers-as a result of disease or medical intervention-have contributed to the high incidence of infectious diseases in these patients. Although there is some overlap between the types of infection in granulocytopenic and immunosuppressed hosts, each ofthese clinical entities has distinctive features thatjustify considering them separately, reserving the term immunocompromised hosts only when refer­ ring to patients who are predisposed to opportunistic infections. For about two decades, infections in granulocytopenic patients have attracted the atten­ tion of clinicians because they represent a model for the study of antimicrobial drugs in hosts deprived of an essential element of defense against bacterial infection, that is, an adequate number of normally functioning granulocytes.

Despite the progress that has been made in intensive care medicine, sepsis and septic shock are still accompanied by a high mortality rate. In recent years, new therapeutic approaches have been developed on the basis of a better understanding of this complex condition. This monograph contains contributions by well-known scientists and clinicians in the fields of hygienics, microbiology, infectious diseases, physiology, surgery and intensive care medicine. It provides an up-to-date overview of the etiology, pathophysiology, prevention, and therapy of sepsis and its complications.