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This textbook describes several diseases and clinical conditions, from physiopathological mechanisms to main clinical pictures, highlighting the importance of laboratory medicine, with the aim to provide the necessary tools for guiding correct laboratory findings interpretation. Indeed, it is now widely recognized that laboratory medicine has a pivotal role in clinical medicine, significantly influencing clinical decisions. Thus, it is crucial to understand and use laboratory data appropriately. This book has the great advantage of describing each topic exhaustively in order to facilitate its understanding. Specifically, it describes both diseases with a high incidence in the population, such as Diabetes Mellitus, Cardiovascular Diseases, Dyslipidemias, and Autoimmune Diseases, as well as rare diseases, such as Hereditary Metabolic Diseases. In addition, unusual topics are treated, such as Clinical Biochemistry of the Mind, as well as hot topics, such as Biological Drugs, Biobanks, Health Technology Assessment, and Omics Sciences. Finally, the book includes a chapter on the new health emergency, the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Two appendices are provided at the end of the book: a table summarizing the reference range and decisional cut-off for the main laboratory parameters and instructions on performing a venous blood sample. The book will be an invaluable tool for medical and biomedical students, as well as for practitioners.

This book summarizes the global progress in medical and scientific research toward converting traditionally chronic autoimmune diseases into a drug-free reversible illness using hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and other cellular therapies such as T regulatory cells (Treg), mesenchymal stromal/stem cells, and chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR T) cells in order to reintroduce sustained immune tolerance. This title provides information on different types of stem cells and immune cells; post-transplant immune regeneration; cellular regulatory requirements; ethical and economic considerations; and the advantages and disadvantages of HSCT in the treatment of a variety of autoimmune diseases versus current conventional treatments. Arranged by disease, the text provides a comprehensive guide to HSCT for all types of autoimmune/immune disorders including monogenetic autoimmune diseases; autoimmune aplastic anemia; neurologic immune diseases including multiple sclerosis, chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, neuromyelitis optica, and stiff person syndrome; rheumatologic diseases such as systemic sclerosis and systemic lupus erythematosus; dermatologic diseases such as pemphigus; gastrointestinal disorders such as Crohn's disease and celiac disease; and immune-mediated endocrinologic disease type I diabetes mellitus. Guidance is provided on the transplantation technique, cell collection and processing, conditioning regimens, infections, and early and late complications.Key Features Outlines therapies and techniques for HSCT for autoimmune diseases Discusses the advantages of HSCT over conventional therapies Reviews the entire process of stem cell therapy from harvest and ethics to indications, efficacy, and regulatory oversight

This compilation comprises 6 chapters, each detailing a recent advancement in medicine and biology. Chapter 1 deals with tuberculosis (TB), describing current knowledge of disease pathogenesis, epidemiology of TB and drug-resistant TB, evolution and molecular mechanisms of drug resistance, fitness compensatory mechanisms and laboratory methods for the diagnosis of susceptible and drug-resistant TB. Chapter 2 details the use of B cell-targeted therapy for treatment of autoimmune and chronic inflammatory diseases. Chapter 3 concerns peptic ulcer disease and the various therapeutic approaches used to treat ulcers or lesions in the gastrointestinal tract. Chapter 4 discusses the efficacity of in vitro cultures of Astragalus for biomass and secondary metabolite production. Chapter 5 describes the B lymphocyte activation factor (BAFF), a potent cell-survival factor expressed in many hematopoietic cells. Finally, Chapter 6 presents a review of the literature to determine the relationship between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma to establish a guideline for monitoring patients.

Medical professionals are often involved in the management of the pregnant patient without necessarily being experts on all the complications surrounding pregnancy. The Handbook of Obstetric Medicine addresses the most common and serious medical conditions encountered in pregnancy, including heart disease, thromboembolism, diabetes, skin problems, gastrointestinal disease, neurological problems, hormonal diseases, hypertension and pre-eclampsia, and more. For each condition, the handbook includes a description of incidence, clinical features, pathogenesis, diagnosis, the effect of pregnancy, and management of the condition. The book also includes a detailed section focusing on the differential diagnosis of common symptoms including hypertension, chest pain, palpitations, breathlessness, headaches, dizziness, abdominal pain, and more. The symptoms and differential diagnoses are presented in an easy-to-read tabular format and include a description of important clinical features and potential areas of investigation. For those clinicians understandably reluctant to prescribe drugs during pregnancy, a useful appendix includes a section on prescribing in pregnancy and a list of contra-indicated drugs. In addition, to assist in the interpretation of laboratory tests, a second appendix lists normal laboratory values in pregnancy, broken down by trimester. Pre –pregnancy counselling and postnatal follow up are vital in the holistic management of women with medical problems and this includes appropriate contraceptive advice. A third appendix has therefore been added as a ready reference for clinicians not familiar with effective contraception.The new edition remains a pragmatic and easy-to-use design by including tables, bullets, and'Points to remember'boxes for ease of reference. It is an essential on-the-spot guide for obstetricians, physicians, general practitioners, and midwives in both practice and training.Catherine Nelson-Piercy, MA, FRCP, FRCOG Past President, International Society of Obstetric Medicine, Professor of Obstetric Medicine, King's College London, Co-founding Editor-in-Chief, Obstetric MedicinePraise for previous editions:'This is an excellent handbook of obstetric medicine, which deserves to be on the shelves of all actively practicing obstetricians.'—British Medical Association Medical Book Awards'This book gets it just right and is a true handbook, easy to read, accessible and is not too large but packs in a lot of useful and relevant information.'- Glycosmedia

Concise yet comprehensive, this textbook of clinical pulmonology provides pulmonologists and respiratory disease physicians with all the key information that they need to know to manage the patient through the diagnosis and treatment journeys. From the most common condition to the rarest, each disease is consistently presented and comprehensively covered giving the reader just the key facts. Building upon the basic sciences and integrating these with clinical practice, each chapter has a consistent approach, is highly designed and visually appealing. Numerous illustrations, colour photographs, scans, bullet points, tables and algorithms ensure that the key information is available at a glance. The keynote sections serve as a useful revision aid as do the multiple choice questions. A truly international and highly experienced editorship with expert contributors from around the world ensure that the book remains a trusted source of information.Set at the level between the definitive reference work and the clinical manual, Essentials of Clinical Pulmonology is an invaluable cornerstone for all pulmonologists whether trainees or experienced clinicians.

The management of psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is complex and early intervention is needed to prevent or delay the progression of the disease. The severity of PsA and response to medication should guide the proper treatment modality, as per the recent EULAR and GRAPPA recommendations. In this collection, the authors begin by examining conventional treatment options include non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs. Next, the authors examine parasitic nematodes which cause substantial production losses in grazing animals and suffering in humans. Farmers treat animals with anthelmintics, often in an unplanned way. Frequent whole flock and herd treatments have encouraged the development of resistance as all worms in the animals are exposed to anthelmintic. The single largest problem with anthelmintic resistance is persuading farmers to adopt strategies that slow the development and spread of resistance. The authors go on to discuss the role of green fluorescent protein (GFP) in animal diagnostic technologies, molecular tracking techniques using GFP as fusion tags in studying protein–protein interactions and real time monitoring of host pathogen interactions, as reporter tags in animal viral studies, in in-vitro and in-vivo imaging of transgenic animals for genetic screening and in animal marker vaccines and cancer studies. Following this, the authors provide their understanding of pathogenesis in spinal cord injury (SCI), the current therapeutic efforts and their limitations, and the emerging roles of retinoids in neuroprotection and functional recovery in SCI. Retinoids use retinoic acid receptor (RAR) and retinoid X receptor (RXR) in the cells for modulation of expression of genes that eventually provide neuroprotection in SC. Pap smears detect cytologic abnormalities that indicate the possible presence of a pre-malignant lesion. The cytologic suspicion of a high grade lesion presents the risk of hiding a more severe dysplasia, which has a high risk of progression to invasive neoplastic lesion. Thus, the authors propose that adequate treatment and follow-up should be offered, such as cytology repeat, HPV testing, colposcopy, colposcopy-directed biopsy, or excision of the transformation zone. The subsequent chapter deals with the criteria that can be leant upon to prescribe retinoids for the off-label treatment of dermatological diseases. Exemplary clinical cases are illustrated. The author hopes to inspire creative physicians, and revamp classical, time-honored therapeutic methodologies as well. This book also discusses methods to study bacterial heterogeneity and its influence on phenotypic drug resistance include flow cytometry based approaches, RNA sequencing techniques, microfluidic technology time-lapse microscopy and mass spectrometry-based proteomic approaches. These technological advances are powerful tools that enable us to explore and interrogate mechanisms of bacterial heterogeneity in pathogen populations. Lastly, the authors review the effects of how reproductive toxic exposures induce apoptosis of male germ cells by affecting the spermatogenic cells of the developing testis and investigate several possible mechanisms underlying alkylating agent-induced reproductive toxicity. Furthermore, an understanding of how cells cope with DNA damage caused by alkylating agents is valuable in clinical medicine.

In this compilation, the authors open with a discussion on lectins, carbohydrate-binding proteins which are widely present in living organisms and participate in molecular recognition and intracellular functions. Due to their carbohydrate specificity, lectins can be employed as an analytical tool to study glycan structures on glycoconjugates. Plant lectins have also been used to study glycosylation pattern of animal glycoproteins. The first chapter includes a brief review on lectins, a summary of the general information on glycoconjugate, a review on lectin-affinity techniques and their potential, as well as perspectives of the employment of lectins in the estimation of the glycosylation pattern of glycoconjugates. Next, the authors discuss the cytokine interleukin-7 and its many diverse and important functions in the development and maintenance of immune cells. For haematopoiesis, depending on particular cell type, IL-7 is important for cell survival, proliferation and differentiation. The cytokine's receptor is expressed by early progenitors of B, T lymphocytes and Innate Lymphoid Cells, and IL-7 signaling is critical for the generation of these cells. The authors go on to examine enzyme therapy as a modern way of providing better protection for people with coeliac disease and sensitivity to gluten who have been placed solely on a lifelong gluten-free diet. By itself, the gluten-free diet is not always fully protective of the small intestine because small amounts of gluten can be present from contamination and the failure to recognize “hidden gluten” in food. This chapter explains how certain supplements are able to help those with gluten sensitivity overcome the harmful effects of gluten and reduce the worry about contamination of their food and the lack of knowledge about its gluten content. These supplements represent an important development of the gluten-free diet and will assist in patient management to ensure that patients remain free from the effects of gluten. Later, adrenergic urticarial, a well-defined-yet-neglected variant of urticarial, is discussed. It is characterized by a peculiar clinical picture, with small hives surrounded by white haloes due to local vasoconstriction. Lastly, the authors discuss how abnormalities in physical properties of the cell membranes may be strongly linked to cerebro- and cardiovascular diseases. Recent evidence indicates that increased plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a), an inflammatory cytokine, may actively participate in the pathophysiology of endothelial dysfunction, hypertension and other circulatory disorders. The present study was performed to investigate the possible relationships among plasma TNF-a, asymmetric dimethylarginine and membrane fluidity in hypertensive and normotensive subjects using an electron spin resonance (ESR)-spectrometry.

Differential diagnosis texts for the MRCP can overload candidates with detailed information, making revision seem difficult and overwhelming. In contrast, this book avoids exhaustive lists of often rare causes and concentrates instead on a maximum of five of the most common causes in terms of prevalence for each scenario, making revision more structured and manageable. The book includes diagnostic hints - clinical or lab clues that point towards a specific diagnosis - and a unique chapter on key ECG causes and features. Although primarily intended for MRCP Part I & II and FCPS (Pakistan) Part II candidates, this book will also be useful for undergraduate students preparing for finals.

This concise, highly practical guide to the interpretation of normal and abnormal laboratory results is now fully revised and expanded, with updates on established and familiar tests, as well as interpretations on recent developments.With increasing responsibility being placed on primary care, this new edition presents guidelines on specific clinical conditions such as heart failure, management of female infertility, specific lipid monitoring in diabetes and guidance for monitoring renal failure. It also includes suggestions for appropriate laboratory tests in certain clinical situations, for example: dementia screen, screening tests when a patient presents with a neuropathy, and appropriate tests for patients presenting with hypertension, chronic fatigue syndrome, erectile dysfunction and gynaecomastia. Completely up-to-date, A Guide to Laboratory Investigations, Sixth Edition remains an essential reference for all healthcare professionals.

Best of Five MCQs for the MRCP Part 1 volumes 1-3 offers a comprehensive and trustworthy solution to anybody wishing to sit, pass, and excel at the Membership of the Royal College of Physicians Part 1 examination. Presented as a unique three-volume set, each volume features 375 high-quality practice questions on each of the medical systems and specialties in alphabetical order. Volume 3 features Best of Five questions on nephrology, neurology, psychiatry, respiratory medicine, and rheumatology. All 375 questions contain questions written and reviewed by successful candidates and previous examiners, and are accompanied by detailed explanations and further reading, ensuring complete and successful revision for this challenging exam. Matched to the latest Royal College curricula in coverage and format, this dedicated resource provides readers with an accurate, authoritative and evidence-based companion to the MRCP Part 1.

The third edition of a bestseller, this book provides insight from a wide array of international contributors in the field of pediatric nephrology. Copiously illustrated with photomicrographs and clinical diagrams, the third edition reflects current advances in the field. Each chapter contains a set of questions, directed at helping fellows succeed at the American Pediatric Nephrology Board examination. New information for this edition includes changes in treatment options for hyponatremia, and updates on hyperparathyroidism and transplantation. Text boxes highlight important'take home points'throughout the chapters. Clinical Pediatric Nephrology, Third Edition will be a valuable reference for clinicians in nephrology, pediatrics and urology, and any professional involved in the care of children with renal diseases seeking a reliable contemporary text.

Medical professionals are often involved in the management of the pregnant patient without necessarily being experts on all the complications surrounding pregnancy. The Handbook of Obstetric Medicine addresses the most common and serious medical conditions encountered in pregnancy, including heart disease, thromboembolism, diabetes, skin problems,

This Rapid Review is a concise, evidence-based guide to the diagnosis and treatment of rheumatological and musculoskeletal disorders. Covering the basic principles of joint examination and key clinical skills, the book describes more than 100 clinical cases especially chosen to illustrate both commonly occurring and more unusual conditions. Each ca

Case Studies in Allergic Disorders is designed for undergraduate and graduate students in immunology, medical students, and resident physicians. It describes the basic cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of commonly occurring allergic diseases and introduces the rationale for targeted treatment of allergy. Replicating the successful approach of Case Studies in Immunology, the book presents mechanisms of hypersensitivity through a selection of clinical cases that reinforce and extend the basic science. The cases are largely drawn from the records of Children‘s Hospital Boston. Linking the discussion of pathogenesis to actual clinical presentation establishes important connections between the bench and bedside. The book can be used as either a stand-alone text or asa companion to Janeway‘s Immunobiology and The Immune System.

This book provides the reader with a complete and concise introduction to rheumatic illness. While rheumatic disease often manifests itself in conditions affecting the musculoskeletal system, the authors stress that a comprehensive multidisciplinary approach is needed for diagnosis, to aid understanding of rheumatic disease with multisystem involve

Clinician's Manual on Lupus is an expert overview of Lupus and related conditions that serves as an educational resource for medical students, physicians and other medical professionals with an interest in rheumatology. The book is an up-to-date introduction to the disease and includes high quality colour photographs and evidence-based guidelines for diagnosing, treating and managing Lupus in primary care.

Physicians caring for children with rheumatic disease need a varied and highly developed set of clinical skills, including general pediatrics, immunology, musculoskeletal medicine and the management of chronic diseases. With these requirements in mind, this concise handbook emphasizes the most frequently recognized symptom complexes in children. The book first focuses on musculoskeletal diseases that may have multi-organ involvement. It then discusses systemic lupus erythematosis, vasculitis, scleroderma and other auto-inflammatory diseases. The concise text is supported by a wealth of photos and tables.

PANCE: Power Practice features more full-length practice tests in one place than any other competitor, providing the concentrated practice students need to earn a top score on the Physician Assistant Certification Exam. This book is an ideal supplement to any major PANCE test prep guide. Candidates will receive access to three full-length practice exams, based on the official test, with detailed answer explanations.

A 24-year-old woman attends rheumatology outpatients with an eight-week history of painful hands. On examination she is tearful and thin. You are the medic on duty...100 Cases in Orthopaedics and Rheumatology presents 100 scenarios commonly seen by medical students and junior doctors in orthopaedic and rheumatology clinics, or in the emergency depa

Since 1975, when the University of Oklahoma faculty created their review course for second-year medical students, the Oklahoma Notes have been among the most trusted and widely used reviews for the National Boards. Each Oklahoma Notes book presents the core information of one segment of the medical school curriculum. Written by some of the most effective medical educators in the country, and now thoroughly updated and revised, the Oklahoma Notes feature: Concise text presented in outline format for rapid review; contents oriented to promote Boards success; self-assessment questions geared to the current format of the USMLE exam; more tables and figures designed to facilitate self-assessment and review; and low-cost, complete coverage of all subjects taught in the first two years of medical school.

Prepare for final and penultimate-year exams with EMQs and SBAs for Medical Finals Five complete practice question papers for realistic preparation Each question paper contains 60 Single Best Answer questions and 30 Extended Matching Questions Includes topic index so that readers can target problem areas Detailed explanation of the knowledge behind both correct and incorrect answers EMQs and SBAs for Medical Finals is perfect for the student looking to test their knowledge and identify weak subject areas. Practice questions cover all key topics in medicine, with the subject balance reflecting the weighting in real exams. For this edition, all content has been updated and focused to remain relevant for today's finalists and the exams they will face. Inclusion of the topic index means that the title allows for both wide-ranging and focused revision. All in all, an essential resource for anyone facing their final medical exams.

Medical schools are rapidly adopting the popular style of Single Best Answers (SBAs), Best of Fives (BOFs) and Extended Matching Questions (EMQs). This unique and up-to-date book contains over 1000 clinically relevant questions, a selection of SBAs/BOFs an EMQs - the essential aid for every medical student. No need to spend time reading through several textbooks, everything you need is here in one place.Questions are presented to include typical scenarios you will encounter as a Junior Doctor and covers the core curriculum subjects: Medicine, Surgery, Psychiatry, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, and Paediatrics. Since the first edition was published, Get Through Medical School has been a bestselling revision book for medical students. Retaining the classic question types - SBAs/BOFs and EMQs, this second edition benefits from a host of new questions and a great deal more explanatory information within the answers.Written by Seema Khan MBBS MRCS MRCGP DRCOG, who has first hand experience of preparing for and taking this format of exam, Get Through Medical School, second edition is a valuable revision book for all candidates preparing for medical school exams and an equally useful tool to help Foundation Doctors prepare for managing patients.

This book provides a bank of multiple-choice questions for candidates preparing for Part 2 of the Membership examination of the Royal Colleges of Physicians, the MRCP. The questions are arranged by subject area to enable structured revision and allow candidates to focus on particular areas where they feel less confident. The book has been written with a close focus on recent examinations, with the coverage of topics weighted to reflect the frequency with which they have appeared. The book is structured more as a manual than as a mock exam, and includes explanations for both correct and incorrect answers, focusing comprehensively on the fundamental principles of medical practice. As well as candiates for the MRCP, this book will also be of interest to medical students and students of related health sciences.

Bailey & Love's Short Practice of Surgery remains one of the world's pre-eminent medical textbooks, beloved by generations of surgeons, with lifetime sales in excess of one million copies.Now in its 25th edition, the content has been thoroughly revised and updated while retaining its traditional strengths. Under the stewardship of the eminent e

This book provides high quality and challenging case histories aimed at candidates preparing for the MRCP examination. It is designed in particular for the written element of Part 2, adopting the extended grey case style of the new format examination in which cases can each feature some or all of the following elements: case histories, data interpr

Targeted therapies of rheumatic diseases have become a reality and have completely changed patient care as well as patient expectations. Initial success with therapies aimed at blocking TNF and IL-1 has stimulated the development of additional targeted approaches focused on other cytokines as well as specific cells and pathways involved in the path

Clinic Handbook: Gastroenterology provides practical guidelines on the medical and administrative issues associated with running a gastroenterology-based outpatient clinic.Written with all members of the outpatient team in mind, the book provides key information on diagnosis; planning and implementation of treatment; patient education and resource

Compiling an up-to-date and detailed survey of the role cytokines play in cell-to-cell communication, development, and differentiation, this comprehensive reference highlights the medical advantages of cytokine inhibition and pursues novel methods of discovery for more potent and specific blocking agents. Investigates the pathogenic role of