Search

A wide-ranging history of rickets tracks the disease's emergence, evolution, and eventual treatment—and exposes the backstory behind contemporary worries about vitamin D deficiency. Rickets, a childhood disorder that causes soft and misshapen bones, transformed from an ancient but infrequent threat to a common scourge during the Industrial Revolution. Factories, mills, and urban growth transformed the landscape. Malnutrition and insufficient exposure to sunlight led to severe cases of rickets across Europe and the United States, affecting children in a variety of settings: dim British cities and American slave labor camps, moneyed households and impoverished ones. By the late 1800s, it was one of the most common pediatric diseases, seemingly an intractable consequence of modern life. Starved for Light offers the first comprehensive history of this disorder. Tracing the efforts to understand, prevent, and treat rickets—first with the traditional remedy of cod liver oil, then with the application of a breakthrough corrective, industrially produced vitamin D supplements—Christian Warren places the disease at the center of a riveting medical history, one alert to the ways society shapes our views on illness. Warren shows how physicians and public health advocates in the United States turned their attention to rickets among urban immigrants, both African Americans and southern Europeans; some concluded that the disease was linked to race, while others blamed poverty, sunless buildings and cities, or cultural preferences in diet and clothing. Spotlighting rickets'role in a series of medical developments, Warren leads readers through the encroachment on midwifery by male obstetricians, the development of pediatric orthopedic devices and surgeries, early twentieth-century research into vitamin D, appalling clinical experiments on young children testing its potential, and the eventual commercialization of all manner of vitamin D supplements. As vitamin D consumption rose in the mid-twentieth century, rickets—previously a major concern for doctors, parents, and public health institutions—faded in its severity and frequency, and as a topic of discussion. But despite the availability of drugstore supplements and fortified milk, small numbers of cases still appear today, and concerns and controversies about vitamin D deficiency in general continue to grow. Sweeping and engaging, Starved for Light illuminates the social conditions underpinning our cures and our choices, helping us to see history's echoes in contemporary prescriptions.

Cytokine Storm Syndromes, including HLH and MAS, are frequently fatal disorders, particularly if not recognized early and treated during presentation. The genetics of Cytokine Storm Syndromes are being defined with many of the risk alleles giving rise to mutations in the perforin-mediated cytolytic pathway used by CD8 cytotoxic T cells and natural killer cells. These are being studied using murine models. Up to 10% of the general population may carry risk alleles for developing Cytokine Storm Syndromes, and Cytokine Storm Syndromes are being increasingly recognized around the world in pediatric and adult hospitals. A variety of infectious, rheumatic, and oncologic triggers are commonly associated with Cytokine Storm Syndromes, but understanding this disorder is critical for all researchers and physicians to ensure timely and appropriate therapy. This second edition addresses all aspects of the disorder, from genetics, pathophysiology, and ongoing research, to clinical presentations, risk factors and treatment. New-to-this-edition features include dedicated chapters on severe COVID-19 CSS, and post-COVID CSS of multi-system inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). In addition, novel topics including CSS associated with Castleman disease, pregnancy, therapeutics, transplantation, and cardiac bypass, as well as treatment with JAK inhibitors are addressed.

This new edition of Viral Pandemics illuminates how the increasing emergence of novel viruses has combined with intensifying global interconnectedness to create an escalating spiral of viral disease. It includes an introduction to the key characteristics of viral pathogens that make them so dangerous followed by a comprehensive survey of epidemic viral disease from 1900 to the present.Now featuring new chapters on COVID-19 and mpox, the book uses an historical narrative to follow the path of each virus from its original detection to its emergence as an explosive pandemic. This allows readers to appreciate the biologic potential of the virus, the dynamics of epidemic disease spread, and the contemporaneous abilities of medicine and science to contend with the pathogen. In parallel, the book discusses those elements of connectedness that enable a localized disease outbreak to become a global pandemic, allowing readers to appreciate the increasingly critical role that human activity plays in global disease. In the last two chapters, the authors take a different approach. A Look Back critically evaluates the response to COVID-19 against the history of the emergence of public health in response to several other modern global pandemics and identifies some lessons we can still learn to improve our response to future pandemics. A Way Forward integrates the biologic and environmental factors that emerged as critical in the analysis of all the pandemics in the book and then uses this composite picture to propose ways to interrupt the escalating cycle of viral pandemic disease. Written in a straightforward and accessible style, this book is ideal reading for students of public health and its history, the history of medicine and medical anthropology, as well as general readers keen to understand how viral pandemics have shaped, and continue to shape, millions of lives.

The only textbook for PA students by PA educators that covers everything you need to know for your clinical medicine courses. This groundbreaking clinical textbook designed specifically for physician assistant students was developed by PA educators to ensure that you have the exact information you need to succeed in your challenging clinical medicine courses. Designed with the unique PA curriculum in mind, Clinical Medicine for Physician Assistants addresses current ARC-PA standards, providing you with a single go-to resource for all the topics you'll need to master. Organized by body system, this text provides the in-depth, head-to-toe foundation you'll need as you prepare to move into clinical practice. Not only does it cover hundreds of clinical conditions, but it also provides important insights on how to manage the most common chief complaints, system by system, with useful algorithms to guide you through patient visits. Chapters include a digestible and methodical review of conditions, including pathophysiology, etiology, history, signs and symptoms, physical exam, and diagnosis details for each. Also included are treatment options, patient education, and special considerations for various patient populations. Additionally, you'll find key points at the end of each chapter, along with knowledge checks to help you synthesize and apply what you learned. Key Features: The first clinical medicine textbook developed for PAs by PAs specifically for the PA curriculum Designed to reflect current ARC-PA competencies and standards for clinical medicine courses Covers all the clinical topics on the current NCCPA PANCE blueprint and more Includes chapters on surgery, abuse, care of the LGBTQ+ patient population, and preventive medicine More than 300 four-color illustrations, dozens of algorithms, and 600 useful tables and boxes to facilitate learning Key points and knowledge checks to reinforce learning Useful guidance for navigating common chief complaints Robust instructor resources, including an instructor manual, PowerPoint lectures, case studies, and a test bank with more than 1,000 questions

Practical and highly organized, the 5-Minute Clinical Consult 2024 provides rapid access to the diagnosis, treatment, medications, follow-up, and associated conditions for more than 500 disease and condition topics to help you make accurate decisions at the point of care. Organized alphabetically by diagnosis, it presents brief, bulleted points in a templated format, and contains more than 100 diagnostic and therapeutic algorithms. This up-to-date, bestselling reference delivers maximum clinical confidence as efficiently as possible, allowing you to focus your valuable time on providing high-quality care to your patients.

Understanding the Behavioral and Medical Impact of Long COVID serves to expand the research around the illness in order to enable health care researchers and practitioners to address the questions that are imperative to individuals suffering from this condition. Through its multi-faceted approach, the book puts forth a maturation of research and interventions that are theoretically sound, empirically valid, innovative, and creative in the Long COVID area.As a scholarly and scientific compilation of Long COVID symptoms and related disorders, this book offers unparalleled insight into the critical developments across medical areas treating this illness. It helps to fill the space that the pandemic had created for knowledge of the condition, and contributes to the emerging emphasis on translational research blending the social sciences and biological fields. By putting forth the most optimal medical care practices in the treatment of complex Long COVID symptoms, this practical anthology will serve as a guide for practicing clinicians in assessment as well as treatment. It will also benefit researchers aiming to gain more understanding of Long COVID through its discussion around the critical developments in other medical areas treating the condition, and paves the way for the collaboration and future research needed to best support the global effort to mitigate the effects of this illness.This book will be essential reading for academics, practitioners, and researchers. It will appeal to individuals engaging with the fields of medicine, public policy, psychology, and for researchers looking to gain clarity about our current understanding of Long COVID. It will further be of interest to public/government agencies, nonprofit organizations, and the general public wanting to gain more information about these ambiguous and evasive symptoms.

Common Pediatric Diseases: An Updated Review informs the reader about common diseases in children that are encountered by pediatricians and family physicians. Each of the 14 chapters in the volume presents updated information for readers with the aim to give them a current perspective on the topic. This book is a handy and practical compendium for medical students and healthcare professionals involved in general practice and pediatric clinics.The text starts with a quick introduction to pediatric diseases, before progressing towards specific diseases in children. The list of topics in this book includes pediatric rheumatological diseases, common oral diseases, pediatric metabolic syndromes, pediatric epilepsy syndromes, pediatric demyelinating disorder, genetic epileptic encephalopathies (with an algorithmic diagnostic approach), Henoch-Sch amp;amp;ouml;nlein purpura, atopic dermatitis, childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus, Severe Combined Immunodeficiency, PFAPA, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis, cervical adenitis syndrome and pediatric hepatoblastoma.[Series Intro]Updates on Pediatric Health and Disease is a comprehensive series of books on infant and adolescent health and diseases. The series features volumes that update readers on current understanding in basic information and advanced clinical practice in pediatric medicine. Neonatology as well as different diseases in all subspecialties of pediatrics, including allergy and immunology, cardiology, endocrinology, gastroenterology, hematology, infectious diseases, nephrology, oncology, pulmonology, rheumatology, neurology, psychiatry and dermatology are represented in each volume.

Recent developments in diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of cardiac and neonatal issues have advanced the care of the newborn. To achieve excellence in cardiac care, however, close interaction and collaboration of the pediatric cardiologists with neonatologists, pediatricians, general/family practitioners (who care for children), anesthesiologists, cardiac surgeons, pediatric cardiac intensivists, and other subspecialty pediatricians is mandatory. This book provides the reader with up-to-date evidence-based information in three major areas of neonatology and prenatal and neonatal cardiology. First, it provides an overview of advances in the disciplines of neonatology, prenatal and neonatal cardiology, and neonatal cardiac surgery in making early diagnosis and offering treatment options. Secondly, it presents a multidisciplinary approach to managing infants with congenital heart defects. Finally, it provides evidence-based therapeutic approaches to successfully treat the fetus and the newborn with important neonatal issues and congenital cardiac lesions. This first volume specifically explores issues related to perinatal circulation, the fetus, ethics, changes in oxygen saturations at birth, and pulse oximetry screening, diagnosis, and management.

Recent developments in diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of cardiac and neonatal issues have advanced the care of the newborn. In order to achieve excellence in cardiac care, however, close interaction and collaboration of the pediatric cardiologists with neonatologists, pediatricians, general/family practitioners (who care for children), anesthesiologists, cardiac surgeons, pediatric cardiac intensivists, and other subspecialty pediatricians is mandatory. This book provides the reader with up-to-date, evidence-based information in three major areas of neonatology and prenatal and neonatal cardiology. First, it offers an overview of advances in the disciplines of neonatology, prenatal and neonatal cardiology, and neonatal cardiac surgery in making early diagnosis and offering treatment options. Secondly, it presents a multidisciplinary approach to managing infants with congenital heart defects. Finally, it provides evidence-based therapeutic approaches to successfully treat the fetus and the newborn with important neonatal issues and congenital cardiac lesions.This second volume specifically explores issues related to individual cardiac defects, cardiomyopathies, and hypertension and presents a summary and conclusions of both volumes.

This comprehensive work comes at a time when 500,000 Americans die of heart disease every year. Cardiovascular Disease Handbook & Resource Guide combines valuable educational information for patients and their families. It offers statistics, both national and state by state, as well as discussions about prevention, treatment and outcomes. It includes details on 32 types of cardiovascular disease plus information on a number of conditions that can cause, or affect it, including substance abuse and obesity.

Written by a public health practitioner and a medical historian, Viral Pandemics explores the terrifying world of viruses as the cause of all acute pandemics since 1900, including the COVID-19 pandemic. The book illuminates the critical dual roles of viral biology and increasing global interconnectedness that have resulted in an escalating pandemic spiral. Viral Pandemics is the first book to focus exclusively on pandemics caused by viruses and the first to report the COVID-19 pandemic. In each chapter, the historiographic narrative follows the path of the virus from its original detection through its first appearance as the cause of disease, to its emergence as an explosive pandemic. Scientific information is presented in an accessible, straightforward style in compelling narratives that introduce the extraordinary universe of diverse, opportunistic viruses whose remarkable capacities make them formidable adversaries. The book makes it clear that global viral disease challenges are a persistent reality with the potential to cause catastrophic loss of life and major social and economic damage. A summary chapter draws together lessons learned and develops a proposed multidisciplinary global response. Viral Pandemics is the only book that provides a complete historical narrative focused on viral pandemics. This comprehensive survey is designed for students and scholars in biology, epidemiology, public health, global history and the history of medicine, as well as general readers interested in the science of pandemics.

A primary concern of rare disease diagnosis is the lack of accurate information that may lead to delayed interventions, administering inaccurate treatments, and social consequences. Health communication continues to be one-way and rely on the expertise from the health practitioner. In such a broad spectrum of rare diseases, patients may find it difficult to obtain timely information, accurate diagnosis, and appropriate treatments, surgeries, medications, or psychological counseling in their own countries. The use of information and communication technologies can create new communication channels that address this lack of knowledge. Communicating Rare Diseases and Disorders in the Digital Age is an essential reference source that uses computer-mediated communication to improve patient knowledge when afflicted or dealing with rare health conditions. Featuring research on topics such as support networking, eHealth management, and social computing, this book is ideally designed for health practitioners, physicians, patients, medical administrators, nurses, surgeons, infectious disease educators, hospital directors, world health organizations, academicians, students, and researchers seeking coverage on current advances in health communication, computer science, and epidemiology.

The title of the book “The Oorja” (Clinical Approach and Management Strategies of Medical Ailments in Women Oorja—The Power of Her) speaks of the empowered women, the women physicians in our club who jointly have made an endeavor to highlight the medical ailments in this gender. A healthy woman is the foundation of a healthy family, a healthy society, a healthy nation, and a healthy universe. Across a volume of 52 chapters, it covers all the major organ systems of a woman's body including cardiology, neurology, endocrinology, gastroenterology, nephrology, rheumatology, psychiatry, ophthalmology, infectious disease, etc. It goes on to discuss the various clinical methods and management strategies of medical ailments in women. The book Clinical Approach and Management Strategies of Medical Ailments in Women is aimed at all medical professionals in general.

Infectious diseases as a specialty suffers from many unique challenges stemming from lower salaries compared to other medical specialties and difficulty keeping the younger demographic within the field. With emerging infections, new diagnostic and research tools, and changing migration patterns, these problems are amplified; infectious disease specialists are in higher demand than ever with fewer and fewer specialists available to support patients and colleagues outside of the field. To meet these increasing challenges, it is vital for the workforce of the future to have the best training possible. This book aims to provide this support. As trainees, all physicians face clinical infectious disease scenarios on a daily basis. They receive basic training in common infections, giving them the tools needed for initial diagnostic studies and empiric treatment. This approach, however, still leaves them struggling with nuances of treating common infections, infections that masquerade as other diseases, rare infection, advanced diagnostics, complicating medical conditions, and a wide range of medical complexities. Important clinical microbiology details and host susceptibility risks will be highlighted when discussing uncommon infections. Each chapter begins by defining a distinct clinical infectious disease problem and the most common cause(s). The next section of each chapter identifies the key questions to consider, including other possible pathogens, medical history, alternate microbiologic diagnoses, instances of unexpected result. This book is the only academic text designed specifically to meet this challenge by targeting learners at all levels. To do this, the text incorporate 30-40 common clinical infectious disease scenarios in both adult and pediatric hosts. It includes easy-to-access “tips and tricks” for when to look further or consider possibilities that are unusual that is useful for someone who is new to the information or has limited experience within infectious diseases. The text heavily features teaching and learning tools, including call out boxes that prioritizes infectious etiologies, host risk factors, important microbiologic clues, and important clinical history clues. The text also includes review questions and quiz-like challenges to reinforce the concepts. Written by experts in the field Clinical Infectious Diseases is the most cutting-edge academic resource for all medical students, fellows, residents, and trainees, including infectious disease specialists in both adult and pediatric care, internal medicine specialists, and hospitalists.

Now in a revised and expanded second edition, this unique text presents topics related to insulin resistance in youth and its consequences across the lifespan. In the first section of the book examining epidemiology, the contributors review controversies over the definition of insulin resistance in children and what is known about how insulin resistance in youth differs from adults, the measurement of insulin resistance in youth in the research and clinical settings, and current knowledge regarding the epidemiology of insulin resistance in the pediatric population. The second section of the book explores pathophysiology, including current knowledge of the molecular, metabolic, and physiologic mechanisms of insulin resistance, the unique pathophysiology of pregnancy and puberty, the contributions of the prenatal and early childhood environment to the development of insulin resistance, and adipose and biochemical mediators. This section concludes with discussion of the relationship between insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease and liver disorders. A third section, new to this second edition, explores insulin resistance in unique models: intrauterine growth restriction and girls with polycystic ovary syndrome and metabolic syndrome. The final section of the book explores the concepts of treatment through medications directed at insulin sensitivity, as well as exercise, weight loss medications and consequences of bariatric surgery.Insulin Resistance: Childhood Precursors of Adult Disease, Second Edition provides up-to-date reviews of all of these areas, providing the reader with a current perspective on issues in insulin resistance in youth, an emerging risk factor for disease across the lifespan, that will spur continued interest in the topic on the part of clinicians and researchers, perhaps promoting new points of view and creative approaches to this daunting challenge.

For as much as we know about DNA and gene expression, many more mysteries remain to be solved. Epigenetics and epigenomics seek to study heritable modifications in gene expression that do not involve underlying DNA sequences to further human health changes. Examining the Causal Relationship Between Genes, Epigenetics, and Human Health provides innovative research methods and applications of chemical activation or deactivation of genes without altering the original DNA sequence. While highlighting topics including gene expression, personalized medicine, and public policy, this book is ideal for researchers, geneticists, biologists, medical professionals, students, and academics seeking current research on the expanding fields of genomics, epigenomics, proteomics, pharmacogenomics, and genome-wide association studies.

Cytokine Storm Syndromes, including HLH and MAS, are frequently fatal disorders, particularly if not recognized early and treated during presentation. The genetics of Cytokine Storm Syndromes are being defined with many of the risk alleles giving rise to mutations in the perforin-mediated cytolytic pathway used by CD8 cytotoxic T cells and natural killer cells. These are being studied using murine models. Up to 10% of the general population may carry risk alleles for developing Cytokine Storm Syndromes, and Cytokine Storm Syndromes are being increasingly recognized around the world in pediatric and adult hospitals. A variety of infectious, rheumatic, and oncologic triggers are commonly associated with Cytokine Storm Syndromes, but understanding this disorder is critical for all researchers and physicians to ensure timely and appropriate therapy. This textbook, the first of its kind, addresses all aspects of the disorder – from genetics, pathophysiology, and ongoing research,to clinical presentations, risk factors, and treatment.

Sports and exercise have been intensely advocated as protective lifestyle measures which prevent or reduce the risk of severe health issues, including cardiovascular disease. More extreme forms of sports (for instance at high altitudes) have been identified as an important way of promoting cardiovascular adaptation, but have also been associated with adverse effects and even major cardiovascular events in predisposed individuals. Participating in more commonplace sports and exercise, such as football, may also increase a person's risk of cardiac events. This publication is timely in the light of a burgeoning number of clinical papers in the field. The ESC Textbook of Sports Cardiology provides an overview of the detection and treatment of cardiovascular disease in elite athletes and young sports professionals in training, as well as prevention. It will be useful for clinical cardiologists, sports physicians, and general physicians alike. Split into 11 key areas in sports cardiology, ranging from sudden cardiac death in athletes to the most common cardiovascular abnormalities seen in athletes, and to the effects of substance abuse and doping, the text is an invaluable resource covering all aspects of sports cardiology. Access to the digital version of the textbook is included with purchase of the printed version. Highly illustrated with embedded multimedia features, together with cross-referenced links to related content and primary research data in major journals in the field, the digital version provides users with a dynamic and forward-thinking resource. The ESC Textbook of Sports Cardiology is the second textbook from the European Association of Preventive Cardiology (EAPC) and aligns with ESC clinical practice guidelines and EAPC recommendations and position papers.

JIMD Reports publishes case and short research reports in the area of inherited metabolic disorders. Case reports highlight some unusual or previously unrecorded feature relevant to the disorder, or serve as an important reminder of clinical or biochemical features of a Mendelian disorder.

Tracing the Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) diagnosis from its mid-century origins through the late 1900s, Rest Uneasy investigates the processes by which SIDS became both a discrete medical enigma and a source of social anxiety construed differently over time and according to varying perspectives. American medicine reinterpreted and reconceived of the problem of sudden infant death multiple times over the course of the twentieth century. Its various approaches linked sudden infant deaths to all kinds of different causes—biological, anatomical, environmental, and social. In the context of a nation increasingly skeptical, yet increasingly expectant, of medicine, Americans struggled to cope with the paradoxes of sudden infant death; they worked to admit their powerlessness to prevent SIDS even while they tried to overcome it. Brittany Cowgill chronicles and assesses Americans'fraught but consequential efforts to explain and conquer SIDS, illuminating how and why SIDS has continued to cast a shadow over doctors and parents.

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common form of genetically inherited cardiovascular disease, with a prevalence of one in 500 individuals. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is characterized by both increased ventricular wall thickness in the absence of other causative conditions and potentially fatal arrhythmias. Tunisian authors, together with recognized specialists in this field from Italy, France, and Austria, offer a broad and detailed discussion of diagnosis, risk stratification and management of HCM. This book describes recent advances in genetics which provide screening options for affected families, making it essential for modern cardiologists to understand the diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic implications of HCM genetic testing. The diagnostic and prognostic role of cardiac imaging in HCM, with reference to echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance, is detailed within this book as well. The greatest challenge in the management of HCM is identifying individuals who are at an increased risk of sudden cardiac death. This book offers an overview of the most recent data available concerning this stratification. The obstructive form of HCM is also dealt with in this book with a description of the different catheter-based techniques for septal reduction. Finally, the topic of management of pregnant women with HCM is addressed.

JIMD Reports publishes case and short research reports in the area of inherited metabolic disorders. Case reports highlight some unusual or previously unrecorded feature relevant to the disorder, or serve as an important reminder of clinical or biochemical features of a Mendelian disorder.

In the first chapter of Horizons in World Cardiovascular Research. Volume 14, the secondary mechanical complications of acute coronary syndrome are discussed while presenting initial treatment methods by way of pharmacology. These complications typically occur swiftly (acute phase and subacute phase) and they originate in the severe cardiac expansion zones, in border regions with the healthy tissue as well as the infarcted tissue. The second chapter explains that preeclampsia, a pregnancy-specific syndrome of reduced organ perfusion secondary to vasospasm and endothelial activation, is a major complication in pregnancy, occurring in 7-10% of all pregnant women, and is one of the major causes of maternal morbidity and mortality, preterm birth, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), and perinatal mortality. The author explores the way in which markers of endothelial dysfunction could be used to predict hypertensive disorders in pregnancy. The third chapter examines modern percutaneous technologies for the controlling of valvular heart disease, with the goal of pinpointing new opportunities for research. Additionally, the utility of various emerging balloon valvuloplasty techniques, MitraClip, and valve-in-valve approaches are explained in the hopes that understanding their limitations might aid in new research. Molecular domains in heart muscles in family members are classified in the fourth chapter, with the intention of ascertaining the effect of vasodilator agents, sugar, and hypoxia on the operation of protein domains. The domains inside the heart aorta and vein of a slaughtered domestic pig are studied to ascertain how acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), ramipril, sugar, heat and physical exertions influenced them. Next, research on the link between family history of depression and atherosclerotic coronary artery disease is presented in the fifth chapter. Depression is one of the leading contributors to the global burden of diseases, and is one of the major risk factors for cardiovascular disease, therefore it is essential to develop a link between how genetics and inheritance in families may worsen the prognosis of cardiovascular disease in offspring. The sixth chapter supports the claim that ivabradine should be the primary pharmacologic treatment for patients with symptoms of inappropriate sinus tachycardia by ruling out other possible causes.

An A-Z encyclopedia offering nonspecialist information about 460 topics in genetics, from the science behind this important field to diseases that can be passed down among generations.

This continuing series gathers and presents original research results on the leading edge of medicine and biology. Each article has been carefully selected in an attempt to present substantial topical data across a broad spectrum. Topics discussed in this compilation include serum ascorbic acid levels in selected surgical diseases; liver transplantation and therapy; background of orthodontic treatment; infectious complications in pregnancy; assessment of child dietary intake and the role of endothelin in regulating neutrophil recruitment to the lungs.

JIMD Reports publishes case and short research reports in the area of inherited metabolic disorders. Case reports highlight some unusual or previously unrecorded feature relevant to the disorder, or serve as an important reminder of clinical or biochemical features of a Mendelian disorder.

Sudden Cardiac Death: Predictors, Prevalence and Clinical Perspectives is a detailed clinical compilation on sudden cardiac death causes. From the various geographical regions of the world comes different clinical perspectives toward the SCD problem that shed light on the predictors and estimated prevalence in genetic inheritance worldwide. For many centuries, the mysterious deaths of prominent professional sportsmen have preoccupied the attention of the media and medical professionals. In some cases, it was possible to obtain the medical histories of the victims, data on the presence of some specific diseases, and conditions or potential symptoms preceding the fatal episode. Various rare inherited syndromes that are associated with congenital heart disease are focused on in this study, and the interrelationship between ventricular premature beats, sustained/non-sustained ventricular tachycardias and ventricular fibrillations are discussed. Cardio-oncology is an emerging field where more and more patients face consequences from radiotherapy and chemotherapy because these individuals become more prone to SCD. Among the most notable developments, three-dimensional echocardiography and myocardial strain imaging are worth noting and might inexpensively improve the current risk stratification process. Recently, a strain that reflects the change of length and thickness of myocardial fibres has been incorporated into the routine clinical practice. The risk of sudden cardiac death is not the same in patients with Chagas disease, and newly predicted factors are to blame. The prevalence of SCD, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and the accurate risk are extremely challenging, so much so that they recently became a source of argument between European and American experts. This is a must-have book for those interested in a clinical approach to the SCD phenomenon.

Designed primarily for use by high school students and young adults in the general population seeking authoritative health information, Human Diseases and Conditions, 3rd ed. is the revised and updated edition of Charles Scribner’s Sons’ well received Human Diseases and Conditions (2009).Offering in-depth coverage of all areas of health and disease, Human Diseases and Conditions, 3rd ed. offers current and accurate information on approximately 450 diseases and conditions. This edition includes nearly 75 new and 360 completely reviewed and revised articles. The topics covered include infectious diseases, many cancers, chronic and acute physical and psychological conditions, newly emerging and reemerging diseases, public health issues, and issues of interest to the young adult audience (eating disorders, sports injuries, growth, and puberty). Behavioral health is covered as thoroughly as physical health. In addition, the comprehensiveness of 425 photos, informative illustrations, and charts thoroughly enhances the already-rich textual information. A glossary of key terms, bibliography, list of organizations, and a comprehensive two-level subject index is also included.

The prevalence of autoimmune diseases and rheumatic conditions is constantly increasing. Autoimmune diseases affect approximately 7-10% of the population of the United States, while more than 50,000,000 American adults suffer from some type of arthritis. The Heart in Rheumatic, Autoimmune and Inflammatory Diseases examines the complex mechanisms relating to cardiac diseases from a pathophysiological and clinical point of view. Autoimmune rheumatic diseases can affect the coronary vessels, myocardium, pericardium, heart valves and the conduction system. The diagnosis of these unique cardiac complications necessitates medical awareness and a high index of suspicion. Increased risk of advanced atherosclerosis plays a pivotal role in the development of cardiac diseases in systemic, rheumatic and autoimmune illnesses. Yet, other complex immune medicated mechanisms may contribute to the pathogenesis. Patients'optimal care requires coordination between the primary caregiver, the rheumatologist, immunologist and cardiologist. Screening for cardiovascular risk factors, recognition of high-risk patients and identification of subclinical cardiac conditions are of great importance. Moreover, regulation of inflammation, as well as abnormal immune responses and the initiation of early treatments should be the focus of patient management. A continuous attempt to identify novel therapeutic targets and change the natural history of the underlying disease and its cardiac manifestations is in progress. The book aims at providing the readers with a state of the art collection of up to date information regarding clinically important topics based on experts'perspectives. This book was a result of an extended coordinated collaboration of one-hundred and fifty-four distinguished scientists from thirty-one countries around the globe. - A review of common, as well as unusual (yet clinically significant) medical cardiac complications of prevalent rheumatic, autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. - Focuses on aspects of pathophysiological processes, clinical presentations, screening tests, prognostic implications and novel therapeutic approaches. - Presents an up-to-date'level of evidence and'strengths of recommendations for suggested therapies and reviews all randomized clinical trials, meta-analyses and other supporting published clinical findings.

JIMD Reports publishes case and short research reports in the area of inherited metabolic disorders. Case reports highlight some unusual or previously unrecorded feature relevant to the disorder, or serve as an important reminder of clinical or biochemical features of a Mendelian disorder.

The Heart in Systemic Autoimmune Diseases, Second Edition, provides an overview on our current understanding of major complications relating to the heart and autoimmune diseases. It includes the latest information on the new pathogenetic mechanisms involved, along with clinical manifestations of these important comortbidities. Mortality in autoimmune diseases, in particular, rheumatoid arthritis and SLE, has increased when compared with the general population. This excess mortality is largely due to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs)-particularly those of atherosclerotic origin, such as ischemic heart disease-and is gaining recognition in all branches of medicine, from cardiology, to internal medicine, and from rheumatologists to orthopedics. - Presents an impressive body of well ordered information on the topic of cardiovascular diseases and their relationship to autoimmune illness - Highlights key references - Summarizes the experience of a selected panel of distinguished physician-scientists who are actively involved in the field of cardiovascular disease and systemic autoimmunity

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality remains the primary cause of death worldwide, despite the decline in developed countries. CVD includes a variety of heart and vascular conditions: hypertensive heart disease, stroke, and ischemic heart disease. Some risk factors such as age, gender, and family history cannot be changed. Other causes, including diet, tobacco, drugs of abuse, alcohol, and lack of exercise, can be altered. In this book, experts review the validity of various dietary approaches in prevention and treatment of CVD for promotion of heart health. In summary, nutrients, nutraceuticals, macronutrients, and gastrointestinal microbes modified by prebiotics and probiotics play important roles in heart health and disease. The five sections in the book give an overview of the role of vitamins and minerals, nutrition and nutrition counselling, dietary supplements, herbs and foods, protein and energy, and microbes. A useful part of the chapters in this book are the key facts and summary points.

This second one of a two volume set will be of interest to medical microbiologists, practitioners, medical students and other health care providers who are engaged in management and treatment of pediatric viral infections. New evidence on topics related to better clinical management of patients is presented. The book may double as a clinical guide to care with algorithms, Practice Points and photographs and therefore aid the clinical decision making in management of sick children.

Pediatrics in Systemic Autoimmune Diseases, Second Edition, provides a good starting point for physicians and scientists new to the field and for anyone looking for the most up-to-date summary of a particular disease. While many questions are answered, many more are raised for which we do not yet have the answers. The book provides inspiration to readers conducting their own research and helps to answer their questions. The care of children with systemic autoimmune diseases is moving forward at a rapid pace. The systemic autoimmune diseases of childhood have always represented a special problem for the physicians and scientists who care for the affected children and study their diseases. Some conditions, such as Kawasaki disease, are virtually unique to childhood, while systemic lupus erythematosus, progressive systemic sclerosis, and juvenile onset spondyloarthropathies may be thought of as the early onset of the same disease which is seen in adults. The autoinflammatory disorders appear to be of clear genetic origin, accounting for their frequent discovery in childhood. For many other conditions, such as juvenile dermatomyositis, the relationship between the conditions seen in children and that seen in adults is less certain. This book explores these phenomena, giving users a foundation on which to understand certain diseases. - Includes completely updated chapters and five new chapters - Explains the differences in systemic autoimmune diseases seen in children vs. those seen in adults - Covers the latest advances in pathogenesis and clinical management of common conditions seen in pediatric rheumatology practices, benefiting both pediatric and adult rheumatologists, as well as physicians from other specialties - Brings the reader up-to-date and allows easy access to individual topics in one place - Provides the latest information available in a format that would give the clinician both a clear understanding of what has been done in the past and a scientific basis for deciding what to do for the next afflicted child in their care

The full scope of adult congenital heart disease is examined in this issue of the Cardiology Clinics. Topics include Shunt Lesions, Coarctation of the Aorta, Tetralogy of Fallot, Transposition of Great Arteries, Fontan Repair of Single Ventricle Physiology, Arrhythmias in Adult Congenital Heart Disease, Pulmonary Hypertension. It will also feature special articles on Pregnancy, Non-pharmacologic Treatment, Transition and Psychosocial Issues, and Quality Metrics.

From 1962 to 1971, the US military sprayed herbicides over Vietnam to strip the thick jungle canopy that could conceal opposition forces, to destroy crops that those forces might depend on, and to clear tall grasses and bushes from the perimeters of US base camps and outlying fire-support bases. Mixtures of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T), picloram, and cacodylic acid made up the bulk of the herbicides sprayed. The main chemical mixture sprayed was Agent Orange, a 50:50 mixture of 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T. At the time of the spraying, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), the most toxic form of dioxin, was an unintended contaminant generated during the production of 2,4,5-T and so was present in Agent Orange and some other formulations sprayed in Vietnam. Because of complaints from returning Vietnam veterans about their own health and that of their children combined with emerging toxicologic evidence of adverse effects of phenoxy herbicides and TCDD, the National Academy of Sciences was asked to perform a comprehensive evaluation of scientific and medical information regarding the health effects of exposure to Agent Orange, other herbicides used in Vietnam, and the various components of those herbicides, including TCDD. Updated evaluations were conducted every two years to review newly available literature and draw conclusions from the overall evidence. Veterans and Agent Orange: Update 2014 is a cumulative report of the series thus far.

This helpful, practical book begins with a clear explanation of acid-base balance, followed by a straightforward six-step approach to arterial blood gas interpretation. The authors then apply this approach to a wide range of realistic case studies that resemble situations readers are likely to encounter in practice. With a strong focus on patient care pathways and including the most up-to-date information on arterial blood gas interpretation, this book will be invaluable to nurses, junior doctors and biomedical scientists as well as students and trainees in all these areas. Contents include: • Introduction to acid-base balance • A systematic approach to ABG interpretation • Respiratory acidosis • Respiratory alkalosis • Metabolic acidosis • Metabolic alkalosis • Compensatory mechanisms • ABG analysis practice questions and answers

This book provides readers with the latest developments in cardiovascular research. Topics covered include the morphology and implications of atrial septal defects; the epidemiology, clinical presentation, preliminary diagnostics and imaging of arterial septal defects; the pathophysiology, epidemiology, clinical presentation, imaging, treatment and prognosis of constrictive pericarditis and cardiac tamponade; the psychological distress lived by patients and their caregivers after a cardiac arrest; the significance and limitations of coronary angiography and intravascular imaging systems, covering almost all devices currently available in Japan, where intracoronary imaging is being utilized aggressively; previous reports on coronary endothelial dysfunction and/or spasm after stent implantation and the clinical implications, and prognosis; and the relationship between Type D personality and health-related behaviors.

This encyclopedia presents important research on dermatological advances. This six set volume includes discussions on the structure and composition of the dermis layer of the skin; the biosynthesis, functions and health benefits of melanin; the genetics, as well as the geographic variation and disorders, of skin pigmentation; the causes, diagnosis and treatment of alopecia, rosacea, candidiasis, cyanosis, psoriasis, and bullous pemphigoid; new research on skin aging; risk factors, protection practices and health effects of sun exposure; skin cancer prevention; the use of sunscreen; skin cancer prevention guidance for schools and youth; and the epidemiology, management and impact on muscle and joint functions of burns.

Provides basic consumer health information about risk factors, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of heart and vascular diseases, along with prevention strategies and concerns specific to men, women, children, and minority populations. Includes index, glossary of related terms, and directory of resources.

​This book reviews current knowledge and recent advances in the diagnosis and management of myopericardial diseases, a spectrum of medical diseases and syndromes affecting a significant proportion of patients in clinical practice and presenting either as an isolated process or as a manifestation of a systemic disease. Unlike in other books, both pericardial and myocardial diseases are fully covered. Detailed guidance is provided on diagnosis and the role of integrated cardiovascular imaging, medical therapy, interventional diagnosis and therapy, and surgical diagnosis and therapy. Importantly, up-to-date original information is presented on indications and guidelines/recommendations planned for publication in 2015. This well-illustrated book will be an invaluable aid to diagnosis and management for practitioners in a range of medical specialties, including cardiology, internal medicine, rheumatology, family medicine, cardiac surgery, nephrology, and endocrinology.

The updated edition of this authoritative, comprehensive, in-depth medical guide features information on almost 2,000 medical topics in language accessible to adult laypersons. Disease/disorder articles typically cover definition; description; causes and symptoms; diagnosis; treatments; prevention; and more. Test/treatment articles typically cover definition; purposes; precautions; preparation; risks; normal and abnormal results; and much more. Biographical and historical sidebars appear throughout the text. This edition includes new entries, updated entries, 890 color images and illustrations, a comprehensive subject index, and a timeline of major medical breakthroughs/events. Previous edition also available.

Infectious Diseases of the United States is one in a series of GIDEON ebooks which summarize the status of individual infectious diseases, in every country of the world. Data are based on the GIDEON web application (www.gideononline.com) which relies on standard text books, peer-review journals, Health Ministry reports and ProMED, supplemented by an ongoing search of the medical literature. Chapters are arranged alphabetically, by disease name. Each chapter is divided into four sections:1. Descriptive epidemiology2. Summary of clinical features3. Status of the disease in the United States4. References A chapter outlining the routine vaccination schedule of the United States follows the diseases chapters. There are 353 generic infectious diseases in the world today. 246 of these are endemic, or potentially endemic, to the United States. A number of other diseases are not relevant to the United States and have not been included in this book. The United States disease notes include separate sections on American Samoa, Guam, the Northern Marianas, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands. In addition to endemic diseases, all published data regarding imported diseases and infection among expatriates from the United States are included.

This groundbreaking book weaves together three important themes. It describes major developments in the diagnosis and treatment of heart disease in the twentieth century, explains how the Mayo Clinic evolved from a family practice in Minnesota into one of the world's leading medical centers, and reveals how the invention of new technologies and procedures promoted specialization among physicians and surgeons. Caring for the Heart is written for general readers as well as health care professionals, historians, and policy analysts. Unlike traditional institutional or disease-focused histories, this book places individuals and events in national and international contexts that emphasize the interplay of medical, scientific, technological, social, political, and economic forces that have resulted in contemporary heart care. Patient stories and media perspectives are included throughout to help general readers understand the medical and technological developments that are described. The book is a synthetic study, but it is written so that readers may pick and choose the chapters of most interest to them. Another feature of the book is that readers may follow the stories without looking at the notes. Those who are interested in delving deeper into the main topics will find a wealth of carefully chosen references that offer greater detail and additional perspectives. The descriptions and interpretations that fill the book benefit from the fact that the author has been a practicing cardiologist and medical historian for almost four decades. This is mainly a twentieth-century story, but it begins earlier--before there were physicians who were identified as cardiologists and at a time when medical specialization was just emerging in America. The final chapter, which addresses present-day concerns about health care costs, counterbalances earlier ones that might be read as celebrations of new technologies.

This issue of Cardiac Electrophysiology Clinics examines Arrhythmias in Cardiomyopathies. Articles include Atrial and Ventricular Arrhythmias in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy and Its Variants; Role of Cardiac MRI in Risk Stratification of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy; Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/Cardiomyopathy; Exercise-Induced Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy; Dilated Cardiomyopathy; Sarcoidosis; Amyloidosis; Chagas Disease; Fabry Disease; Left Ventricular Hypertrophy: Ventricular Arrhythmias and SCD; Left Ventricular Non-compaction; Mitochondrial Cardiomyopathy and Related Arrhythmias; Arrhythmias in Viral Myocarditis and Pericarditis Cardiomyopathy; Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy; Post-partum Cardiomyopathy; Arrhythmias in Alcohol- and Drug-Associated Cardiomyopathies; Arrhythmias in Neuromuscular Dystrophies; Cardiomyopathies Related to Anti-cancer Therapy– and Radiation- Induced Heart Disease; Arrhythmias After Myocardial Stem Cell Therapy; and more.

The present book provides a state-of-the-art overview of the adrenal gland pathophysiology. It covers both up-to-date basic and clinical notions on adrenal glands. Amidst the molecular aspects, discussed by leading scientists in the field, there are ER stress, microRNA, hormone biosynthesis, and interactions with other organs. Clinical insights for students and physicians are also provided, from the imaging to the therapeutic management of common disorders of the gland, including adrenal failure, hyperaldosteronism, Cushing's syndrome, neurologic disease, and cancer both in adults and pediatric patients. As mentioned above, chapter contributions are made by worldwide renowned experts, scientists and physicians, working in prestigious hospitals and universities including Brown, Oxford, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland Clinic, Chinese University of Honk Kong, University of Tennessee, Indiana University School of Medicine, Monash Health in Clayton, Australia, University of Calgary, Northern Ontario School of Medicine and Laurentian University, Medical University of Gdańsk, Université Pierre et Marie Curie in Paris, France, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal, St. Vincent's University Hospital in Dublin, Universities of Londrina, Alfenas, Sao Paulo, and Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Throughout these chapters, the authors spotlight future avenues for research in basic pathophysiology and in therapy/prevention, in addition to thorough overviews of the current literature pertaining to the adrenal gland and its functional roles. The book also includes several color photographs, schemes and diagrams of molecular relationships, and tables that support and complement the text. The comprehensive and systematic overview provided within this book is expected to assist the reader in comprehending the importance of taking into account the functional roles of the adrenal gland and also to address questions and unresolved issues regarding the treatment of its disorders. Finally, the editor would like to express his sincere appreciation to all the contributors for their dedicated collaboration in this project. He would also like to thank Ms. Carra Feagaiga for her patient support. He sincerely hopes this book will enable readers to connect basic research principles with up-to-date clinical knowledge, thereby encouraging future discoveries and developments of new therapeutic strategies to treat disorders of the adrenal gland.

Clinicians, patients and scientists, alike, have been battling cancer for over several decades; however, patient outcomes have not significantly improved over the years with conventional therapies. In recent years, this has caused researchers to look for

Ferri's Clinical Advisor 2015 is the fastest, most effective way to access current diagnostic and therapeutic information on more than 700 common medical conditions. Dr. Ferri's popular'5 books in 1'format provides quick guidance on short QT syndrome, microscopic polyangiitis, fungal meningitis, and much more. This medical reference makes the answers you need even easier to find - anytime, anywhere.Consult this title on your favorite e-reader, conduct rapid searches, and adjust font sizes for optimal readability. Review normal values and interpret results for more than 200 lab tests. Improve your family healthcare practice's efficiency with cost-effective referral and consultation guidelines.Identify and treat a broader range of disorders, including diabetic foot infections, hypergonadism, and acute liver failure, with 22 new topics in the Diseases & Disorders section.Improve your interpretation of presenting symptoms with 38 new topics and 40 new images in the Differential Diagnosis section, and optimize patient care with more than 250 new figures and tables.Rapidly find the answers you need with separate sections on diseases and disorders, differential diagnosis, clinical algorithms, laboratory results, and clinical preventive services, plus an at-a-glance format that uses cross-references, outlines, bullets, tables, boxes, and algorithms to expedite your search.Expedite insurance reimbursements with current ICD-9 and future ICD-10 insurance billing codes.Access full-color images and more than 90 online-only topics at Expert Consult, as well as EBMs, Suggested Reading, Patient Teaching Guides, and additional algorithms.