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In this book the use of hybrid simulation in delivery room emergencies is described and shown. The use of a patient actor combined with a task trainer within the same session substantially improve the training for practical management of intrapartum emergencies in real life, reducing the risk of failure of operative vaginal delivery and of related adverse events, including perinatal or maternal complications. Furthermore, simulation with high reality computerized mannequin and scenography of emergency situation can improve technical and manual skills of the participants. For this book and the related videos, a new generation of mannequins suitable for both clinical manoeuvres and ultrasound examination is used to simulate all clinical scenarios of emergency that can happen in the delivery room for both the mother and the child. This unique book is a useful tool for medical students, residents, practicing pediatricians, anesthetists, obstetricians and all health care professionals working in the delivery room in their ability to deal with critical and emergency situations with safety and good medical practice.

This book presents the best practice, indications and drugs most used in the practice of noninvasive ventilation (NIV). In the last two decades NIV has made a lot of progress in different scenarios and etiologies of respiratory failure. The treatment of these patients frequently involves the use of drugs to control patient's symptoms such as dyspnea, discomfort and some of them can have direct or indirect effects on lung function. The volume is organized into various sections - dedicated both to adults as well as pediatrics - where the most frequent clinical conditions requiring for the use of a pharmacological support are described. Furthermore, this book is conceived as a quick reference guide including an analysis of the indications of drugs dosage and the pharmacological interactions that can be observed in lung function in patients undergoing NIV. Thanks to its contents, readers can quickly consult indications, contraindications, doses, the most suitable treatments to achieve the maximum NIV as well as the most important side effects reported by clinicians. In this book specialists in critical care and pharmacology, managing both adult and pediatric population, shed a light to the proper medication management and best drugs choice in patients with indications for NIV

This book focuses on the management strategies of complex conditions of frail pediatric patients. The clinical condition of frailty is usually seen as the physiological and multidimensional decline of organ systems related to age: paradoxically, a frailty condition can also occur in children as a disability resulting from various congenital or acquired diseases. The fragile patients are more vulnerable to developing severe clinical events and often need surgical interventions. Moreover, those patients have significant morbidity and lower quality of life. The improvement in managing fragile patients has improved their life expectancy, but in most health care systems, the passage from childhood to adulthood is a critical point for the lack of medical figures able to provide the continuity of care. The book aims to provide guidance for dealing with medical and surgical emergencies and to develop short and long-term treatment strategies, and will provide an analysis of the different and the most innovative techniques. This book will be an unvaluable tool for Pediatric surgeons, Anesthesiologists, Critical Care Physicians, Hospital and family Pediatricians, nurses, Physiotherapists and Psychologists.

This textbook addresses the classical use of Transcranial Doppler (TCD) and Transcranial Color-Coded Duplex Sonography (TCCS), focusing on the usefulness of neurological monitoring beyond classical acute brain injuries present in the daily intensive care medical practice. It encompasses a wide range of critical pathologies where neurological impact is part of clinical evolution, offering practical approaches for managing, application and interpretation of neurosonology to assist the physician to making real-time individualized decisions at bedside.It is an academic guide developed and edited by international experts being a very useful resource in daily practice for intensivists, neurologists, neurosurgeons and other specialists involving in critical care.

This comprehensive atlas, which includes a wealth of illustrations and anatomic pictures created by the editors, covers a broad range of both regional anesthesia and pain intervention techniques, including neuromodulation. The book is unique in that it covers ultrasound and fluoroscopic-guided techniques, as well as traditional landmark-guided techniques. The authors and editors are internationally renowned experts, and share extensive theoretic and practical insights into regional anesthesia, pain therapy and anatomic sciences for everyday practice.The book addresses the application of ultrasound and fluoroscopic guidance for pain interventions and provides detailed coverage of ultrasound-guided and landmark-guided regional anesthesia. The book represents a detailed guide to the application of regional anesthesia and pain medicine; furthermore, examples of medico-legal documentation are also included in this edition. The 5th edition of Regional NerveBlocks in Anesthesia and Pain Medicine is practically oriented and provides essential guidelines for the clinical application of regional anesthesia. It is intended for anesthesiologists and all professionals engaged in the field of pain therapy such as pain specialists, surgeons, orthopedists, neurosurgeons, neurologists, general practitioners, and nurse anesthetists.

The goal of the first edition of Interventional Critical Care: A Manual for Advanced Care Practitioners was to fill a knowledge gap of the advanced practice provider (APP) specifically regarding the skills and understanding of critical care procedures in response to the rapidly expanding participation of APPs in critical care. Written by experts in the field, this successor edition adds to the content of the first by expanding upon ultrasonography areas to include more direct hemodynamic evaluations as well as the newer “e”FAST. It also explores the specialty of Urology to include more complex interventions. As billing and coding are necessary, the authors added appropriate CPT codes for each of the appropriate chapters. Most chapters have been completely re-written and updated from the first edition and have different authors – thereby a different perspective and experience level. Interventional Critical Care 2nd Edition serves as a valuable reference for physicians and advanced practice providers in daily practice in the ICU, OR and/or ED setting.

The aim of this book is to educate and train practitioners in the safe and professional use of diagnostic ultrasound imaging in the visualization and interpretation of various cerebral conditions not only in neurointensive care, but also in the operating room and, in general, cardiothoracic and neurocritical care settings. It is chiefly intended for anaesthetists and intensivists with a basic knowledge of ultrasound physics, but also for neurosurgeons and neurologists.All chapters were coordinated by the Editors, with experiences in hands-on courses on Echography and Doppler of the Brain, and prepared by international experts. The book covers from basic principles to estimation of intracranial pressure and cerebral perfusion. The topics cover emergency department and prehospital brain US as part of POCUS and US multiorgan evaluation to general intensive care, neurointensive care and anesthesia, including special populations as pregnant and children and setting as LMIC. Clinical scenarios complete the book. An innovative and unique guide that equips readers to perform bedside and non-invasive assessments for a range of cerebrovascular diseases.

This book provides an overview of the history, anatomy, epidemiology, diagnosis (HPI, PE, Imaging), non-pharmacological management and medication management of trigeminal nerve pain. Nerve blocks for the trigeminal nerve and branches, Radiofrequency ablation, chemodenervation, cryotherapy, botox injections, neuromodulation infusion therapy, balloon compression gamma knife therapy, decompression surgery, peripheral neurectomy and the psychological impact are also examined with an algorithm for management recommendations included in the final chapter. Trigeminal Nerve Pain - A Guide to Clinical Management comprehensively covers how to manage patients with this often debilitating pain and is of use to trainees and practising internists, hospitalists, surgeons and anaesthesiologists seeking to increase their understanding of this complex condition.

This multi-faceted book provides readers with comprehensive guidance to spine pain care. Unique in structure, the contents integrate various specialties involved in spine pain care, thereby bringing in new prospective and expanding readership. This six part reference begins with a review on the epidemiology and economic impacts that present clinical and financial challenges for spine pain care. Part two then brings the reader into a review of the anatomy, pathophysiology, and etiology of spine pain. Subsequent parts then dive into clinical evaluation tactics, unique disease conditions and treatment options. Finally, the book closes with two chapters discussing the challenges of spine pain medicine and the potential future directions of the field. Written by experts in their respective fields, Spine Pain Care - A Comprehensive Clinical Guide is a first-of-its-kind, barrier breaking work designed for allprofessionals involved in spine pain care, including physicians and nurses, as well as medical students, residents and fellows as a supplementary educational material.

This comprehensive, evidence-based book is intended to serve as a reference for medical practitioners involved in the perioperative care of neurosurgical patients. Fundamental aspects of neuroanesthesiology and neurocritical care are thoroughly examined across 101 chapters, outlining key elements that are crucial to a care provider's knowledge of the practice. These elements include specific diagnostic procedures and treatment options, concepts and applicable details of the available neurosurgical interventions and techniques, and mechanisms necessary to provide top of the line care for patients. Each chapter features definitive and distinct areas of this multi-specialty discipline, and is designed to guide the reader from problem to solution in situations that can arise in the clinical setting.Essentials of Neurosurgical Anesthesia & Critical Care, 2nd edition is a problem-oriented approach textbook that will aid a wide variety of readers in handling day-to-day issues and developments relevant to the perioperative care of neurosurgical patients.

Der Weg vom Symptom zur Diagnose ist in der Schmerztherapie eine entscheidende Phase in der Behandlung des Patienten. Alle Ärzte und andere Therapeuten in der Schmerzmedizin, die Patienten mit chronischen Schmerzen behandeln, finden in der 4. Auflage des Buches klare Empfehlungen zu deren Versorgung:Verständlich und nachvollziehbar beschrieben: Entstehung der Chronifizierung, psychologische Grundlagen und Konzepte der Schmerztherapie Systematisch und nach klinischen Kriterien vorgestellt: Symptomerkennung und DiagnostikZum Abwägen ausführlich dargestellt: Medikamentöse und nichtmedikamentöse Verfahren in der Schmerztherapie Beschreibung der häufigsten SchmerzsyndromePlus: Therapie besonderer Patienten, z.B. Schwangere, alte Menschen, Abhängige; Begutachtung von Schmerzpatienten; Palliativmedizin, Versorgungskonzepte und CodierungDie 4. Auflage wurde komplett überarbeitet und aktualisiert, u.a. Kapitel zusammengefasst und um neue Themen ergänzt wie CRPS, interkulturelle Aspekte und Akutschmerztherapie bei Patienten mit chronischen Schmerzen.Ein Nachschlagewerk für schmerztherapeutisch tätige Ärzte in allen Fachgebieten wie Allgemeinmedizin, Anästhesie, Orthopädie, Neurologie, Innere Medizin, für Psychotherapeuten und Psychologen und ebenso geeignet als Lehrbuch in der Weiterbildung zum Schmerztherapeuten bestens geeignet.

This book provides physicians practicing at pain management clinics with comprehensive explanations of interventional therapeutic procedures including nerve blockade, as well as pharmacotherapy. Interventional therapeutic procedures including nerve blockade are categorized by devices into landmark (“blind”), X-ray-guided, ultrasound-guided, CT-guided, MR-guided, and endoscopic techniques. In this book, each chapter introduces one type of nerve blockade procedure that involves several different devices. The authors describe the pros and cons of each technique and make recommendations for the best devices to use. This book will also help anesthesiologists and other physicians to improve their treatment techniques.

This concise but comprehensive guide covers common procedures in pain management necessary for daily practice, and includes topics on international pain medicine curricula, for example, the American Board of Anesthesiology, World Institute of Pain/Fellow of Interventional Pain Practice, and American Board of Pain Medicine. Treatments for pain are discussed, including nerve blocks (head, neck, back, pelvis and lower extremity). Chapters have a consistent format including high yield points for exams, and questions in the form of case studies. Pain: A Review Guide is aimed at trainees in pain medicine all over the world. This book will also be beneficial to all practitioners who practice pain.

Updated and expanded, this comprehensive new edition captures the considerable evolution in the anesthetic management of patients requiring anesthesia for non-cardiac intrathoracic diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. Major advances addressed include the expanded role of ultrasound beyond trans-esophageal echocardiography, the role of extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation in thoracic anesthesia, and postoperative pain management for thoracic surgery. Chapters are authored by prominent anesthesiologists and feature cases commonly encountered in clinical practice. Authoritative and the leading text in the field, this book will serve as an indispensible guide to practitioners of thoracic anesthesia at all levels.

The management of pain can often be achieved by medications, physical therapies, or by various procedural techniques that have evolved in recent decades. With the trend towards more outpatient surgeries and less invasive surgeries to decrease perioperative risk, perioperative time, and costs, the practice of anesthesia is evolving to utilize regional anesthesia techniques both for inpatients and outpatients. Regional anesthesia is being performed for outpatient surgeries, obstetric anesthesia, trauma, chronic pain states, and for acute post-operative pain management. Therefore, it is paramount for physicians and nurses practicing anesthesia to understand the essentials of regional anesthesia, its evolving techniques, and appropriate utilization of modern equipment and technology to provide care safely. Essentials of Regional Anesthesia, Second edition, is a concise, up-to-date, evidence-based handbook that enables every resident, physician and nurse to understand the basics of regional anesthesia and the standard of care guidelines for the practice of regional anesthesia in a comprehensive fashion. This new edition includes: · Updated and new chapters on Ambulatory, Critical Care, and Obstetrics topics· Full color, clear, detailed, anatomic drawings · Clinically relevant, practical aspects of regional anesthesia· International contributing authors who are experts in their field· Latest ultrasound techniques and images Review of 1st edition: “There are many books available on regional anesthesia, and the trend is either to focus on illustrations, forgoing any discussion, or on text descriptions, making them bulky and hard to read. This book maintains that perfect balance between text and illustrations. It is truly a master companion book on regional anesthesia.” (Tariq M. Malik, Doody's Book Reviews, April, 2012)

Die operativen und interventionellen Verfahren der Schmerztherapie sowie die Therapie der wichtigsten Schmerzsyndrome sind systematisch und detailliert in diesem Buch dargestellt. Technik und Ausführung der einzelnen Methoden werden ausführlich beschrieben, dabei sind sowohl neuroläsionelle und neuromodulierende Verfahren als auch die neurochirurgischen Therapieoptionen bei Gesichts- und Kopfschmerzen berücksichtigt. Zahlreiche Hinweise auf Tipps und Tricks erleichtern die Durchführung und erhöhen die Sicherheit der Anwendung. Aus den publizierten Behandlungsergebnissen wird der Stellenwert der Verfahren für die möglichen Indikationen abgeleitet. Therapieempfehlungen für die einzelnen Schmerzsyndrome beziehen alle Behandlungsmodalitäten ein und ermöglichen so ein indikationsspezifisches, patientenorientiertes Vorgehen.

Featured as a single volume, this is a comprehensive guide to possible nerve entrapment syndromes and their management. Each chapter covers a single nerve, or group of closely related nerves, and goes over the clinical presentation, anatomy, physical exam, differential diagnosis, contributing factors, injection techniques, neurolytic/surgical techniques, treatments of perpetuating factors, and complications. Nerve entrapments can occur throughout the body and cause headaches, chest pain, abdominal pain, pelvic pain, low back pain, and upper and lower extremity pain. As an example, one of the most common forms of nerve entrapment syndrome, Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, affects roughly 1 in 20 people in the United States, and is only one of several types of entrapment syndromes possible for the median nerve. Chapters are also extensively illustrated and include 3D anatomical images. The additional online material enhances the book with more than 50 videos - at least 2 for each nerve. This enables readers to easily navigate the book. In addition to a conventional index it includes a “Pain Problems Index” for searching by symptom. Peripheral Nerve Entrapments: Clinical Diagnosis and Management is a long-needed resource for pain physicians, emergency room physicians, and neurologists.

This volume showcases recent high-quality work relating to the pathophysiology, biophysics, monitoring, and treatment of traumatic brain injury and hydrocephalus that was presented at the 15th International Symposium on Intracranial Pressure and Brain Monitoring (ICP), held in Singapore in November 2013. The included papers derive from experts in neurointensive care, physiology, physics, engineering, and neurosurgery who have made important contributions in this translational area of research. All were selected from among oral and oral-poster presentations following a rigorous peer-review process involving the ICP Board members, and their focus ranges from the latest research findings and developments to clinical trials and experimental studies. This collection of papers from ICP 2013 continues the proud tradition of publishing key work from the ICP symposia and will be of interest for all who wish to stay abreast of recent advances in the field.

This book provides a comprehensive, state-of-the art review of the interventional procedures that can be performed in intensive care settings. The book addresses fundamentals of the indications and technical aspects of procedures, and identifies pitfalls and resource needs. In addition, a section is dedicated to a discussion of the staff-preparation, hemodynamic, and anesthetic concerns necessary for all procedures. Chapters focus on the following specific concerns: airway, thoracic, ENT, vascular, abdominal, genitourinary, neurologic, and musculoskeletal. A brief review of the existing literature addressing these particular topics accompanies each section. Extensive illustrations and diagrams are also included to enhance the readers'experience.Authored by a multi-disciplinary team of experts in their fields, Interventional Critical Care: A Manual for Advanced Care Practitioners serves as a comprehensive resource for advanced care practitioners and physicians for performing and preparing for procedures in the ICU.

In recent years the field of regional anesthesia, in particular peripheral and neuraxial nerve blocks, has seen an unprecedented renaissance following the introduction of ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia. This comprehensive, richly illustrated book discusses traditional techniques as well as ultrasound-guided methods for nerve blocks and includes detailed yet easy-to-follow descriptions of regional anesthesia procedures. The description of each block is broken down into the following sections: definition; anatomy; indications; contraindications; technique; drug choice and dosage; side effects; potential complications and how to avoid them; and medico-legal documentation. A checklist record for each technique and a wealth of detailed anatomical drawings and illustrations offer additional value. Regional Nerve Blocks in Anesthesia and Pain Medicine provides essential guidelines for the application of regional anesthesia in clinical practice and is intended for anesthesiologists and all specialties engaged in the field of pain therapy such as pain specialists, surgeons, orthopedists, neurosurgeons, neurologists, general practitioners, and nurse anesthetists.

From the Foreword, by Stewart J. Tepper, MD: “Dr. Samer Narouze was the first Pain Management anesthesiologist specialist in the US to become Board-certified in Headache Medicine by the United Council of Neurologic Subspecialists (UCNS). It is therefore fitting that he decided to put together a textbook on blocks, interventions, injections, and neuromodulation possibilities in this integrated interdisciplinary area of treatment for head and facial pain… “This constellation of authors and topics should offer a comprehensive roadmap for interventions to contemplate beyond conventional medications in both primary and secondary head and face pain disorders. The chapters are precise, concise, and immensely readable, and I am honored to have been offered the chance to introduce them and encourage my colleagues to read them.” This is the first book on interventional management of intractable, medically resistant head and face pain. It is edited and written by world-class leaders in headache medicine and features practical presentations of the entire spectrum of procedures, from simple to complex. Designed to help shorten the learning curve of practitioners who are beginning to use interventional headache procedures, it provides guidance in identifying patients who are appropriate candidates for this approach and includes a unique compilation of outcomes-based algorithms for different headache and face pain syndromes. Neurologists, anesthesiologists, pain physicians, physiatrists, neurosurgeons, and interventional radiologists are the intended audience.

From reviews of Deer, eds., Comprehensive Treatment of Chronic Pain by Medical, Interventional, and Integrative Approaches:'Comprehensive Treatment of Chronic Pain by Medical, Interventional, and Integrative Approaches is a major textbook...[I]t should be a part of all departmental libraries and in the reference collection of pain fellows and pain practitioners. In fact, this text could be to pain as Miller is to general anesthesia.'Journal of Neurosurgical AnesthesiologyEdited by master clinician-experts appointed by the American Academy of Pain Medicine, this is a soft cover version of the Interventional sections of the acclaimed Deer, eds., Comprehensive Treatment of Chronic Pain by Medical, Interventional, and Integrative Approaches. It is intended as a primary reference for busy clinicians who seek up-to-date and authoritative information about interventional approaches to treating chronic pain.State-of-the-art coverage of full range of techniques: neural blockades, neurolysis blocks, and neurostimulationReview of clinically relevant anatomy and physiology'Key Points'preview contents of each chapter

Auf Komplikationen während der Anästhesie muss jeder Anästhesist gefasst sein und situationsgerecht reagieren können. Hierzu findet der Leser in dem deutschsprachigen Referenzwerk u.a. folgende Themen systematisch erarbeitet: Grundlagen des Risikomanagements Verfahrensbezogene, organbezogene und patientenbezogene Komplikationen Medikamenteninduzierte Risiken und Komplikationen Berufsrisiko in der Anästhesie Die 4. Auflage wurde komplett aktualisiert und didaktisch überarbeitet; praxisorientierte sowie rechtliche Aspekte wurden herausgearbeitet und erleichtern ein schnelles Nachschlagen. Literaturhinweise ermöglichen dem Leser eine vertiefte Lektüre der beschriebenen Problemfälle.

To an unusual degree, the shared “working space” of otolaryngologists and anesthesiologists means that issues important to one are important to the other. Anesthesiology and Otolaryngology is the first book to address the closely overlapping information needs of both groups of specialists. It is collaboratively written and edited by anesthesiologists and otolaryngologists, and the chapters are carefully designed to insure maximal relevance to members of both specialties. The heart of the book consists of chapters on managing patients during the full range of otolaryngologic procedures. These chapters are structured chronologically, and otolaryngologic and anesthesiologic perspectives are systematically presented for each operative stage. Foundational topics such as gross and radiographic anatomy, physiology, and pharmacology are covered. The book includes a unique chapter on oxygen delivery systems that serves as a comprehensive review for anesthesiologists and an overview for the otolaryngologist. Special topics addressed include acute and chronic pain management, and the logistics of managing an office-based surgical practice. · “All-in-one” reference for otolaryngologists and otolaryngologic anesthesiologists· Surgical and anesthesiologic perspectives marshaled for pre-operative, intraoperative, and postoperative periods · Pearls and Insights at end of chapters· Organized by surgical region· Special challenges of difficult airway and of pediatric otolaryngologic procedures addressed

Surgical Intensive Care Medicine has been specifically designed to be a practical reference for medical students and house officers to help manage the critically ill surgical patient. The first section is titled “Resuscitation” and exposes the reader to a condensed version of generic topics in primary intensive care medicine. The sections that follow have been categorized according to medical and surgical subspecialties and cover the most germane of problems encountered in a tertiary surgical intensive care unit. Sections of certain chapters, while repetitive, have been left intact in an attempt to maintain the authors'messages and provide the reader with some contradictory but referenced views. The technical chapters describe a very introductory approach to various exercises such as airway management and vascular cannulation.

The two previous editions of Applied Physiology in Intensive Care Medicine proved extremely successful, and the book has now been revised and split into two volumes to enhance ease of use. This first volume comprises three elements --'physiological notes,'“technical notes,” and seminal studies. The physiological notes concisely and clearly capture the essence of the physiological perspectives underpinning our understanding of disease and response to therapy. The technical notes then succinctly explain some of the basics of “how to” in this technology-centered field of critical care medicine. Finally, a number of seminal studies are provided on diverse topics in intensive care. Applied Physiology in Intensive Care, written by some of the most renowned experts in the field, is an up-to-date compendium of practical bedside knowledge that will serve the clinician as an invaluable reference source on key issues regularly confronted in everyday practice.

Edited by master clinician-experts appointed by the American Academy of Pain Medicine, this is a state-of-the-art multidisciplinary textbook covering medical, interventional, and integrative approaches to the treatment and management of pain. It is designed as a practical and comprehensive primary reference for busy physicians and is also an up-to-date resource for preparing for certification examinations in pain medicine. · Written and edited by world-class authorities· “Key Points” preview contents of each chapter· Leading edge medical topics, such as monitoring opioid use and abuse, and the emerging role of cannabinoids in pain treatment· Expert guidance on full range of interventional techniques · Clinical anatomy and physiology for the interventionist· Behavioral dimensions of the experience and management of pain · Integrative approaches for treating the “whole person”· Legal issues, such as failure to treat pain· First-hand patient accounts

In den zurückliegenden Jahren hat die intravenöse Narkose zweifellos an Bedeutung gewonnen und die Verfahren der Inhalationsanästhesie zurückgedrängt. Dieser Vorgang wurde nicht zuletzt durch Publikationen ausgelöst oder zumindest unterstützt, die nicht nur die Nebenwirkungen von Inhalationsanästhetika auf den narkotisierten Patienten selbst, sondern vor allem auch die schädlichen Auswirkungen auf das Anästhesiepersonal betrafen. Ob diese Entwicklung berechtigt war, ob sich heute nicht schon wieder eine Wende anbahnt, mag dahingestellt bleiben. Intravenös anwendbare Anästhetika spielen nicht nur eine Rolle bei der Neuroleptanalgesie oder anderen empfohlenen intravenösen Mono-bzw. Kombinationsnarkosen. Jede AHgemeinnarkose wird heute mit einem i. v. Anästhetikum eingeleitet; die dafür ver­ wendeten Medikamente haben im weiteren Sinne auch eine zunehmende Bedeutung im Bereich der Prämedikation sowie der postoperativen Schmerzbekämpfung und Sedierung, schließlich auch in der Intensivtherapie. In den zurückliegenden Jahren konnten auf diesem Gebiet umfassende neue Forschungsergebnisse gesammelt werden, die die klinische Praxis maßgeblich beeinfiußt haben. So wurden unterschiedliche Formen intravenöser Kombi­ nationsnarkosen empfohlen, die klassische Neuroleptanalgesie modifiziert, es stehen aber auch zahlreiche neue Substanzen, z. B. aus der Reihe der Benzodiazepine, zur Verfügung oder sie befinden sich in klinischer Prüfung. Insgesamt sahen wir in der Entwicklung der letzten Jahre genügend Gründe, um das Thema'Die intravenöse Narkose'für die ganze Breite der eben genannten Indikationen erneut aufzugreifen.

In theory, treatment decisions and assessments of response to therapy in critically ill patients should usually be based on measures of physiological function. Nevertheless, the most appropriate use of the information embodied in such measures is often unclear, and rarely supported by prospective clinical trials. In reality, the bedside clinician is therefore forced to rely primarily on physiological principles when deciding upon the best treatment. Unfortunately, however, the necessary knowledge base of the clinician is often less than optimal for the purpose, and habit or prior training may be more influential than science. Against this background, this second, revised edition of Applied Physiology in Intensive Care Medicine aims to help overcome the fundamental unevenness in clinicians'understanding of applied physiology. It is divided into three sections. The first comprises a series of'physiological notes'that concisely and clearly capture the essence of the physiological perspectives underpinning our understanding of disease and response to therapy. The second section contains more detailed associated reviews on measurement techniques and physiological processes, while the third provides a number of seminal studies on diverse topics in intensive care. This up-to-date compendium of practical bedside knowledge essential to the effective delivery of acute care medicine has been written by some of the most renowned experts in the field. It will serve the clinician as an invaluable reference source on key issues regularly confronted in everyday practice.

Some important constraints of anesthesia must be taken into consideration when the pharmacological properties of modern anesthetics are discussed. The most imp- tant of these could be that the target effect be achieved preferably within seconds, at most within a few minutes. Similarly, offset of drug action should be achieved within minutes rather hours. The target effects, such as unconsciousness, are pot- tially life-threatening, as are the side effects of modern anesthetics, such as respi- tory and cardiovascular depression. Finally, the patient's purposeful responses are not available to guide drug dosage, because, either the patient is unconscious, or more problematically, the patient is aware but unable to communicate pain because of neuromuscular blockade. These constraints were already recognised 35 years ago, when in 1972 Volume XXX entitled “Modern Inhalation Anesthetics” appeared in this Handbook Series. The present volume is meant as a follow up and extension of that volume. At the beginning of the 1970's anesthesia was commonly delivered by inhalation, with only very few exceptions. The clinical understanding of that time considered anesthesia as a unique state achieved by any of the inhalation anesthetics, in- pendent of their specific molecular structure. “The very mechanism of anesthetic action at the biophase” was discussed within the theoretical framework of the “u- tary theory of narcosis”.

Evidenzbasierte Aussagen gewinnen gerade im Bereich der Intensivmedizin zunehmend an Bedeutung. Renommierte Herausgeber mit erfahrene Autoren stellen erstmals die aktuellen Ergebnisse von Studien im Bereich der Anästhesie und Intensivmedizin nach ebm-Kriterien in einem Werk zusammen: Grundlagen Evidenzbasierter Medizin, u.a.: - Was ist evidenzbasierte Medizin? - Was heißt EBM für die Klinik? - The good, the bad, and the ugly – Qualitätsmerkmale publizierter Studien Intensivmedizin, u.a.: - Therapie der Sepsis - Hygienemaßnahmen auf der Intensivstation - Ernährung des kritisch kranken Patienten - Therapie des respiratorischen Versagens Anästhesie, u.a.: - Präoperative Vorbereitung - Regional- versus Allgemeinanästhesie - Monitoring – was ist wirklich wichtig? - Was ist bewiesen aber dennoch unwirksam? Ein aktuelles Werk zum derzeitigen Stand evidenzbasierter Ergebnisse zum Nachschlagen und Schmökern!

This handbook is aimed at first-line health care providers involved in the perioperative care of adult and pediatric neurosurgical patients. It is unique in its systematic focus on how to deal with common and important clinical challenges encountered in day-to-day practice in the OR, the PACU, and the ICU and is designed as a problem-solving tool for all members of the perioperative medicine team: trainees and faculty in anesthesiology, neurosurgery, and critical care; nurses; nurse anesthetists; and physician's assistants. • Encompasses clinical continuum from neurosurgical pre-op to critical care – plus anesthesia in neuroradiology• Adult and pediatric care• Structured algorithmic approach supports clinical decision-making• Succinct presentation of clinically relevant basic science• End-of-chapter summaries, with suggestions for further reading• Collaborative approach and multidisciplinary nature of perioperative medicine emphasized• Extensive summary tables • Portable and formatted for quick retrieval of information• Ideal for use in the OR, the PACU, and the ICU