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This collection of eleven papers covers a broad spectrum of topics in analysis, from the study of certain classes of analytic functions to the solvability of singular problems for differential and integral equations to computational schemes for the partial differential equations and singular integral equations.

This book is a collection of thoroughly refereed papers presented at the 27th IFIP TC 7 Conference on System Modeling and Optimization, held in Sophia Antipolis, France, in June/July 2015.The 48 revised papers were carefully reviewed and selected from numerous submissions. They cover the latest progress in their respective areas and encompass broad aspects of system modeling and optimiza-tion, such as modeling and analysis of systems governed by Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) or Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs), control of PDEs/ODEs, nonlinear optimization, stochastic optimization, multi-objective optimization, combinatorial optimization, industrial applications, and numericsof PDEs.

Analysis, et cetera: Research Papers Published in Honor of Jürgen Moser's 60th Birthday provides a collection of papers dedicated to Jürgen Moser on the occasion of his 60th birthday. This book covers a variety of topics, including Helmholtz equation, algebraic complex integrability, theory of Lie groups, and trigonometric polynomials. Organized into 31 chapters, this book begins with an overview of some basic consequences of the definition of algebraic complete integrability. This text then derives a representation theorem for solutions of the Helmholtz equation. Other chapters consider the integrable generalizations of the Volterra system and explain the dynamical system in the finite-dimensional case. This book discusses as well the global periodic solutions for the planar triple pendulum. The final chapter deals with the problem of deriving the macroscopic conservation laws, or the Euler equations, in accurate fashion from the microscopic equations of classical mechanics. This book is a valuable resource for mathematicians.

International Colloquium an Automorphic Forms, Representation Theory and Arithmetic. Published for the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bombay

This book contains a collection of articles corresponding to some of the talks delivered at the Foundations of Computational Mathematics conference held at IMPA in Rio de Janeiro in January 1997. Some ofthe others are published in the December 1996 issue of the Journal of Complexity. Both of these publications were available and distributed at the meeting. Even in this aspect we hope to have achieved a synthesis of the mathematics and computer science cultures as well as of the disciplines. The reaction to the Park City meeting on Mathematics of Numerical Analy­ sis: Real Number Algorithms which was chaired by Steve Smale and had around 275 participants, was very enthusiastic. At the suggestion of Narendra Karmar­ mar a lunch time meeting of Felipe Cucker, Arieh Iserles, Narendra Karmarkar, Jim Renegar, Mike Shub and Steve Smale decided to try to hold a periodic meeting entitled'Foundations of Computational Mathematics'and to form an organization with the same name whose primary purpose will be to hold the meeting. This is then the first edition of FoCM as such. It has been organized around a small collection of workshops, namely - Systems of algebraic equations and computational algebraic geometry - Homotopy methods and real machines - Information-based complexity - Numerical linear algebra - Approximation and PDEs - Optimization - Differential equations and dynamical systems - Relations to computer science - Vision and related computational tools There were also twelve plenary speakers.

This book contains select papers on mathematical analysis and modeling, discrete mathematics, fuzzy sets, and soft computing. All the papers were presented at the international conference on FIM28-SCMSPS20 virtually held at Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar (SSN) College of Engineering, Chennai, India, and Stella Maris College (Autonomous), Chennai, from November 23–27, 2020. The conference was jointly held with the support of the Forum for Interdisciplinary Mathematics. Both the invited articles and submitted papers were broadly grouped under three heads: Part 1 on analysis and modeling (six chapters), Part 2 on discrete mathematics and applications (six chapters), and Part 3 on fuzzy sets and soft computing (three chapters).

This book touches upon various aspects of a very interesting, and growing in popularity category of models of dynamical systems. These are the so-called fractional-order systems. Such models are not only relevant for many fields of science and technology, but may also find numerous applications in other disciplines applying the mathematical modelling tools. Thus, the book is intended for a very wide audience of professionals who want to expand their knowledge of systems modelling and its applications.The book includes the selections of papers presented at the International Conference on Fractional Calculus and its Applications organized by the Warsaw University of Technology and was held online on 6–8 September 2021.The International Conference on Fractional Calculus and its Applications (ICFDA) has an almost twenty years history. It started in Bordeaux (France) in 2004, followed by Porto (Portugal) 2006, Istanbul (Turkey) 2008, Badajoz (Spain) 2010, Nanjing (China) 2012, Catania (Italy) 2014, Novi Sad (Serbia) 2016, Amman (Jordan) 2018. Next ICFDA was planned in 2020 in Warsaw (Poland), but COVID-19 pandemic shifted it to 6–8 September 2021. Hence, the organizers were forced to change the form of the conference to the online one.In the volume twenty eight high-quality research papers presented during the ICFDA 2021 eleven Regular Sessions with an additional online Discussion Session are presented. The presented papers are scientifically inspiring, leading to new fruitful ideas. They cover a very broad range of many disciplines. Nowadays, and especially in such a subject as fractional calculus, it is very difficult to assign papers to specific scientific areas. So, many of the papers included have an interdisciplinary character.

The book contains two contributions about the work of Emmanuele DiBenedetto and a selection of original papers. The authors are some of the main experts in Harnack's inequalities and nonlinear operators. These papers are part of the contributions presented during the conference to celebrate the 70th birthday of Prof. Emmanuele DiBenedetto, which was held at “Il Palazzone” in Cortona from June 18th to 24th, 2017. The papers are focused on current research topics regarding the qualitative properties of solutions, connections with calculus of variations, Harnack inequality and regularity theory. Some papers are also related to various applications. Many of the authors have shared with Prof. DiBenedetto an intense scientific and personal collaboration, while many others have taken inspiration from and further developed his field of research. The topics of the conference are certainly of great interest for the international mathematical community.

In the spring of 1976, George Andrews of Pennsylvania State University visited the library at Trinity College, Cambridge, to examine the papers of the late G.N. Watson. Among these papers, Andrews discovered a sheaf of 138 pages in the handwriting of Srinivasa Ramanujan. This manuscript was soon designated,'Ramanujan's lost notebook.'Its discovery has frequently been deemed the mathematical equivalent of finding Beethoven's tenth symphony.This fifth and final installment of the authors'examination of Ramanujan's lost notebook focuses on the mock theta functions first introduced in Ramanujan's famous Last Letter. This volume proves all of the assertions about mock theta functions in the lost notebook and in the Last Letter, particularly the celebrated mock theta conjectures. Other topics feature Ramanujan's many elegant Euler products and the remaining entries on continued fractions not discussed in the preceding volumes. Review from the second volume:'Fans of Ramanujan's mathematics are sure to be delighted by this book. While some of the content is taken directly from published papers, most chapters contain new material and some previously published proofs have been improved. Many entries are just begging for further study and will undoubtedly be inspiring research for decades to come. The next installment in this series is eagerly awaited.'- MathSciNetReview from the first volume:'Andrews and Berndt are to be congratulated on the job they are doing. This is the first step...on the way to an understanding of the work of the genius Ramanujan. It should act as an inspiration to future generations of mathematicians to tackle a job that will never be complete.'- Gazette of the Australian Mathematical Society

The book is a collection of original papers, research and surveys, dedicated to the memory of the Romanian mathematician Solomon Marcus (1925-2016). Marcus published many papers and books in mathematical analysis, theoretical computer science, mathematical linguistics, poetics, theory of literature, semiotics, and several other fields less strongly connected to mathematics, like cultural anthropology, biology, history and philosophy of science, education. He exemplified an unimaginable richness of ideas.This volume intends to emphasize the mathematical fields in which Solomon Marcus worked, and demonstrate — as he also did — the interconnection between them. The authors who contribute to this volume are well-known experts in their fields. Most of them knew Solomon Marcus well, some even owed him for his decisive impulses for their careers and general development. With articles in so diverse areas, the volume will attract readers who would like to diversify their own knowledge or find unexpected connections with other topics.

The contributions in this volume aim to deepen understanding of some of the current research problems and theories in modern topics such as calculus of variations, optimization theory, complex analysis, real analysis, differential equations, and geometry. Applications to these areas of mathematics are presented within the broad spectrum of research in Engineering Science with particular emphasis on equilibrium problems, complexity in numerical optimization, dynamical systems, non-smooth optimization, complex network analysis, statistical models and data mining, and energy systems. Additional emphasis is given to interdisciplinary research, although subjects are treated in a unified and self-contained manner. The presentation of methods, theory and applications makes this tribute an invaluable reference for teachers, researchers, and other professionals interested in pure and applied research, philosophy of mathematics, and mathematics education. Some review papers published in this volume will be particularly useful for a broader audience of readers as well as for graduate students who search for the latest information. ​ Constantin Carathéodory's wide-ranging influence in the international mathematical community was seen during the first Fields Medals awards at the International Congress of Mathematicians, Oslo, 1936. Two medals were awarded, one to Lars V. Ahlfors and one to Jesse Douglass. It was Carathéodory who presented both their works during the opening of the International Congress. This volume contains significant papers in Science and Engineering dedicated to the memory of Constantin Carathéodory and the spirit of his mathematical influence.

This collection of peer-reviewed conference papers provides comprehensive coverage of cutting-edge research in topological approaches to data analysis and visualization. It encompasses the full range of new algorithms and insights, including fast homology computation, comparative analysis of simplification techniques, and key applications in materials and medical science. The volume also features material on core research challenges such as the representation of large and complex datasets and integrating numerical methods with robust combinatorial algorithms.Reflecting the focus of the TopoInVis 2013 conference, the contributions evince the progress currently being made on finding experimental solutions to open problems in the sector. They provide an inclusive snapshot of state-of-the-art research that enables researchers to keep abreast of the latest developments and provides a foundation for future progress. With papers by some of the world's leading experts in topological techniques, this volume is a major contribution to the literature in a field of growing importance with applications in disciplines that range from engineering to medicine.

​​​​In the spring of 1976, George Andrews of Pennsylvania State University visited the library at Trinity College, Cambridge, to examine the papers of the late G.N. Watson. Among these papers, Andrews discovered a sheaf of 138 pages in the handwriting of Srinivasa Ramanujan. This manuscript was soon designated,'Ramanujan's lost notebook.'Its discovery has frequently been deemed the mathematical equivalent of finding Beethoven's tenth symphony.This volume is the fourth of five volumes that the authors plan to write on Ramanujan's lost notebook.​ In contrast to the first three books on Ramanujan's Lost Notebook, the fourth book does not focus on q-series. Most of the entries examined in this volume fall under the purviews of number theory and classical analysis. Several incomplete manuscripts of Ramanujan published by Narosa with the lost notebook are discussed. Three of the partial manuscripts are on diophantine approximation, and others are in classical Fourier analysisand prime number theory. Most of the entries in number theory fall under the umbrella of classical analytic number theory. Perhaps the most intriguing entries are connected with the classical, unsolved circle and divisor problems.Review from the second volume:'Fans of Ramanujan's mathematics are sure to be delighted by this book. While some of the content is taken directly from published papers, most chapters contain new material and some previously published proofs have been improved. Many entries are just begging for further study and will undoubtedly be inspiring research for decades to come. The next installment in this series is eagerly awaited.'- MathSciNetReview from the first volume:'Andrews and Berndt are to be congratulated on the job they are doing. This is the first step...on the way to an understanding of the work of the genius Ramanujan. It should act as an inspiration to future generations of mathematicians to tackle a job that willnever be complete.'- Gazette of the Australian Mathematical Society​

and acknowledgments Self-organized criticality is a new way of viewing nature. The basic picture is one where nature is perpetually out of balance, but organized in a poised state-the critical state-where anything can happen within well-defined statistical laws. The aim of the science of self-organized criticality is to yield insight into the fundamental question of why nature is complex, not simple, as the laws of physics imply. Self-organized criticality explains some ubiquitous patterns existing in nature that we view as complex. Fractal structure and catastrophic events are among those regularities. Applications range from the study of pulsars and black holes to earthquakes and the evolution of life. One intriguing conse­ quence of the theory is that catastrophes can occur for no reason whatsoever. Mass extinctions may take place without any external triggering mechanism such as a volcanic eruption or a meteorite hitting the earth (although the the­ ory of course cannot rule out that this has in fact occurred). xu How Nature Works Since we first proposed the idea in 1987, more than 2,ooo papers have been written on self-organized criticality, making ours the most cited paper in physics during that period. How Nature Works is the first book to deal with the subject. The basic idea is simple, and most of the mathematical models that have been used in the implementation of the theory are not complicated.

The contents of this volume involve selection, emendation and up-dating of papers presented at the NATO Conference'Mathe­ matical Analysis of Decision problems in Ecology'in Istanbul, Turkey, July 9-13, 1973. It was sponsored by the System Sciences Division of NATO directed by Dr. B. Bayraktar with local arrange­ ments administered by Dr. Ilhami Karayalcin, professor of the Department of Industrial Engineering at the Technical University of Istanbul. It was organized by A. Charnes, University professor across the University of Texas System, and Walter R.Lynn, Di­ rector of the School of Civil and Environmental Engineering at Cornell Unjversity. The objective of the conference was to bring together a group of leading researchers from the major sciences involved in eco­ logical problems and to present the current state of progress in research of a mathematical nature which might assist in the solu­ tion of these problems. Although their presentations are not herein recorded, the key­ note address of Dr. John A. Logan, president, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology and the presentation of Dr. Michael J. L. Kirby, then Assistant principal Secretary to the premier of Nova Scotia, Canada, greatly influenced the discussion of papers and their subsequent emendations and revisions.

This volume consists of papers presented in the special sessions on'Wave Phenomena and Related Topics', and'Asymptotics and Homogenization'of the ISAAC'97 Congress held at the University of Delaware, during June 2-7, 1997. The ISAAC Congress coincided with a U.S.-Japan Seminar also held at the University of Delaware. The latter was supported by the National Science Foundation through Grant INT -9603029 and the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science through Grant MTCS-134. It was natural that the'participants of both meetings should interact and consequently several persons attending the Congress also presented papers in the Seminar. The success of the ISAAC Congress and the U.S.-Japan Seminar has led to the ISAAC'99 Congress being held in Fukuoka, Japan during August 1999. Many of the same participants will return to this Seminar. Indeed, it appears that the spirit of the U.S.-Japan Seminar will be continued every second year as part of the ISAAC Congresses. We decided to include with the papers presented in the ISAAC Congress and the U.S.-Japan Seminar several very good papers by colleagues from the former Soviet Union. These participants in the ISAAC Congress attended at their own expense. This volume has the title Direct and Inverse Problems of Mathematical Physics which consists of the papers on scattering theory, coefficient identification, uniqueness and existence theorems, boundary controllability, wave propagation in stratified media, viscous flows, nonlinear acoustics, Sobolev spaces, singularity theory, pseudo differential operators, and semigroup theory.

Since the'Introduction'to the main text gives an account of the way in which the problems treated in the following pages originated, this'Preface'may be limited to an acknowledgement of the support the work has received. It started during the pe­ riod when I was professor of aero- and hydrodynamics at the Technical University in Delft, Netherlands, and many discussions with colleagues ha ve in:fluenced its devel­ opment. Oftheir names I mention here only that ofH. A. Kramers. Papers No. 1-13 ofthe list given at the end ofthe text were written during that period. Severa! ofthese were attempts to explore ideas which later had to be abandoned, but gradually a line of thought emerged which promised more definite results. This line began to come to the foreground in pa per No. 3 (1939}, while a preliminary formulation ofthe results was given in paper No. 12 (1954}. At that time, however, there still was missing a practica! method for manipulating a certain distribution function of central interest. A six months stay at the Hydrodynamics Laboratories ofthe California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California (1950-1951}, was supported by a Contract with the Department of the Air F orce, N o. AF 33(038}-17207. A course of lectures was given during this period, which were published in typescript under the title'On Turbulent Fluid Motion', as Report No. E-34. 1, July 1951, of the Hydrodynamics Laboratory.

This volume of the Proceedings of the congress ISAAC'97 collects the con­ tributions of the four sections 1. Function theoretic and functional analytic methods for pde, 2. Applications of function theory of several complex variables to pde, 3. Integral equations and boundary value problems, 4. Partial differential equations. Most but not all of the authors have participated in the congress. Unfortunately some from Eastern Europe and Asia have not managed to come because of lack of financial support. Nevertheless their manuscripts of the proposed talks are included in this volume. The majority of the papers deal with complex methods. Among them boundary value problems in particular the Riemann-Hilbert, the Riemann (Hilbert) and related problems are treated. Boundary behaviour of vector-valued functions are studied too. The Riemann-Hilbert problem is solved for elliptic complex equations, for mixed complex equations, and for several complex variables. It is considered in a general topological setting for mappings into q;n and related to Toeplitz operators. Convolution operators are investigated for nilpotent Lie groups leading to some consequences for the null space of the tangential Cauchy Riemann operator. Some boundary value problems for overdetermined systems in balls of q;n are solved explicitly. A survey is given for the Gauss-Manin connection associated with deformations of curve singularities. Several papers deal with generalizations of analytic functions with various applications to mathematical physics. Singular integrals in quaternionic anal­ ysis are studied which are applied to the time-harmonic Maxwell equations.

From the reviews:'This volume... consists of two papers. The first, written by V.V. Shokurov, is devoted to the theory of Riemann surfaces and algebraic curves. It is an excellent overview of the theory of relations between Riemann surfaces and their models - complex algebraic curves in complex projective spaces.... The second paper, written by V.I. Danilov, discusses algebraic varieties and schemes.... I can recommend the book as a very good introduction to the basic algebraic geometry.'European Mathematical Society Newsletter, 1996'... To sum up, this book helps to learn algebraic geometry in a short time, its concrete style is enjoyable for students and reveals the beauty of mathematics.'Acta Scientiarum Mathematicarum

The past forty years have been the stage for the maturation of mathematical biolo~ as a scientific field. The foundations laid by the pioneers of the field during the first half of this century have been combined with advances in ap­ plied mathematics and the computational sciences to create a vibrant area of scientific research with established research journals, professional societies, deep subspecialty areas, and graduate education programs. Mathematical biology is by its very nature cross-disciplinary, and research papers appear in mathemat­ ics, biology and other scientific journals, as well as in the specialty journals devoted to mathematical and theoretical biology. Multiple author papers are common, and so are collaborations between individuals who have academic bases in different traditional departments. Those who seek to keep abreast of current trends and problems need to interact with research workers from a much broader spectrum of fields than is common in the traditional mono-culture disciplines. Consequently, it is beneficial to have occasions which bring together significant numbers of workers in this field in a forum that encourages the exchange of ideas and which leads to a timely publication of the work that is presented. Such an occasion occurred during January 13 to 16, 1990 when almost two hun­ dred research workers participated in an international conference on Differential Equations and Applications to Biology and Population Dynamics which was held in Claremont.

The First International Congress of the International Society for Analysis, its Applications and Computations (ISAAC'97) was held at the University of Delaware from 3 to 7 June 1997. As specified in the invitation of the President Professor Robert P. Gilbert of the ISAAC, we organized the session on Reproducing Kerneis and Their Applications. In our session, we presented 24 engaging talks on topics of current interest to the research community. As suggested and organized by Professor Gilbert, we hereby publish its Proceedings. Rather than restricting the papers to Congress participants, we asked the Ieading mathematicians in the field of the theory of reproducing kern eIs to submit papers. However, due to time restrietions and a compulsion to limit the Proceedings a reasonable size, we were unable to obtain a comprehensive treatment of the theory of reproducing kernels. Nevertheless, we hope this Proceedings of the First International Conference on reproducing kerneis will become a significant reference volume. Indeed, we believe that the theory of reproducing kernels will stand out as a fundamental and beautiful contribution in mathematical sciences with a broad array of applications to other areas of mathematics and science. We would like to thank Professor Robert Gilbert for his substantial contri­ bu tions to the Congress and to our Proceedings. We also express our sincere thanks to the staff of the University of Delaware for their manifold cooperation in organizing the Congress.

The second edition of this'selecta'of my work on the stability of matter was sold out and this presented an opportunity to add some newer work on the quantum­ mechanical many-body problem. In order to do so, and still keep the volume within manageable limits, it was necessary to delete a few papers that appeared in the previous editions. This was done without sacrificing content, however, since the material contained in the deleted papers still appears, in abbreviated form, at least, in other papers reprinted here. Seetions VII and VIII are new. The former is on quantum electrodynamics (QED), to which I was led by consideration of stability of the non-relativistic many-body Coulomb problem, as contained in the first and second editions. In particular, the fragility of stability of matter with c1assical magnetic fields, which requires abound on the fine-structure constant even in the non-relativistic case (item V.4), leads to the question of stability in a theory with quantized fields. There are many unresolved problems of QED if one attempts to develop a non­ perturbative theory - as everyone knows. A non-perturbative theory is essential, however, if one is going to understand the stability of the many-body problem, which is the stability of ordinary matter. Some physicists will say that a non­ perturbative QED does not exist - and this might be true in the absence of cutoffs - but an effective theory with cutoffs of a few Mev must exist since matter exists.

This volume contains a collection of papers in Analytic and Elementary Number Theory in memory of Professor Paul Erdös, one of the greatest mathematicians of this century. Written by many leading researchers, the papers deal with the most recent advances in a wide variety of topics, including arithmetical functions, prime numbers, the Riemann zeta function, probabilistic number theory, properties of integer sequences, modular forms, partitions, and q-series. Audience: Researchers and students of number theory, analysis, combinatorics and modular forms will find this volume to be stimulating.

On May 20-24. 1968, a Conference on Functional Analysis and Related Fields was held at the Center for Continuing Education of the University cl Chicago in honor of ProfessoLMARSHALL HARVEY STONE on the occasion of his retirement from active service at the University. The Conference received support from the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under the Grant AFOSR 68-1497. The Organizing committee for this Conference consisted of ALBERTO P. CALDERON, SAUNDERS MACLANE, ROBERT G. POHRER, and FELIX E. BROWDER (Chairman). The present volume contains some of the papers presented at the Conference. nther talks which were presented at the Conference for which papers are noLinduded hereare: K. CHANDRASEKHARAN,'Zeta functions of quadratic fields'; J. L. DooB,'An application of prob ability theory to the Choquet boundary'; HALMOS,'Irreducible operators'; P. R. KADISON,'Strong continuity of operator functions'; L. NIRENBERG,'Intrinsic norms on complex manifolds'; D. SCOTT,'Some problems and recent results in Boolean algebras'; 1. M. SINGER,'A conjecture relating the Reidemeister torsion and the zeta function of the Laplacian'. A banquet in honor of Professor STONE was held during the Con­ ference, with brief talks by S. S. CHERN, A. A. ALBERT, S. MACLANE, E. HEWITT, K. CHANDRASEKHARAN, and F. E. BROWDER (as Toast­ master), as weH as a response by Professor STONE.

This means that semigroup theory may be applied directly to the study of the equation I'!.f = h on M. In [45] Yau proves that, for h ~ 0, there are no nonconstant, nonnegative solutions f in [j'for 1 < p < 00. From this, Yau gets the geometric fact that complete noncom pact Riemannian manifolds with nonnegative Ricci curvature must have infinite volume, a result which was announced earlier by Calabi [4]. 6. Concluding Remarks In several of the above results, positivity of the semigroup plays an important role. This was also true, although only implicitly, for the early work of Hille and Yosida on the Fokker-Planck equation, i.e., Equation (4) with c = O. But it was Phillips [41], and Lumer and Phillips [37] who first called attention to the importance of dissipative and dispersive properties of the generator in the context of linear operators in a Banach space. The generation theorems in the Batty-Robinson paper appear to be the most definitive ones, so far, for this class of operators. The fundamental role played by the infinitesimal operator, also for the understanding of order properties, in the commutative as well as the noncommutative setting, are highlighted in a number of examples and applications in the different papers, and it is hoped that this publication will be of interest to researchers in a broad spectrum of the mathematical sub-divisions.

This International Conference on Clifford AlgebrfU and Their Application, in Math­ ematical Phy,ic, is the third in a series of conferences on this theme, which started at the Univer,ity of Kent in Canterbury in 1985 and was continued at the Univer,iU de, Science, et Technique, du Languedoc in Montpellier in 1989. Since the start of this series of Conferences the research fields under consideration have evolved quite a lot. The number of scientific papers on Clifford Algebra, Clifford Analysis and their impact on the modelling of physics phenomena have increased tremendously and several new books on these topics were published. We were very pleased to see old friends back and to wellcome new guests who by their inspiring talks contributed fundamentally to tracing new paths for the future development of this research area. The Conference was organized in Deinze, a small rural town in the vicinity of the University town Gent. It was hosted by De Ceder, a vacation and seminar center in a green area, a typical landscape of Flanders's'plat pays'. The Conference was attended by 61 participants coming from 18 countries; there were 10 main talks on invitation, 37 contributions accepted by the Organizing Com­ mittee and a poster session. There was also a book display of Kluwer Academic Publishers. As in the Proceedings of the Canterbury and Montpellier conferences we have grouped the papers accordingly to the themes they are related to: Clifford Algebra, Clifford Analysis, Classical Mechanics, Mathematical Physics and Physics Models.

This volume contains a selection of papers in modern operator theory and its applications. Most of them are directly related to lectures presented at the Inter­ national Workshop on Operator Theory and its Applications held at the University of Groningen (IWOTA-98) in Groningen, the Netherlands, from June 30-July 3, 1998. The workshop was attended by 97 mathematicians-of which 12 were PhD or postdoctoral students-from 19 countries. The program consisted of 19 plenary lectures of 40 minutes and 72 lectures of 30 minutes in 4 parallell sessions. The present volume reflects the wide range and rich variety of topics presented and discussed at the workshop. The papers deal with operator polynomials and analytic operator functions, with spectral problems of (partial) differential oper­ ators and related operator matrices, with interpolation, completion and extension problems, with commutant lifting and dilation, with Ricatti equations and real­ ization problems, with scattering theory, with problems from harmonic analysis, and with topics in the theory of reproducing kernel spaces and of spaces with an indefinite metric. All papers underwent the usual refereeing process.

In September 1998, during the'International Workshop on Analysis and Vibrat­ ing Systems'held in Canmore, Alberta, Canada, it was decided by a group of participants to honour Peter Lancaster on the occasion of his 70th birthday with a volume in the series'Operator Theory: Advances and Applications'. Friends and colleagues responded enthusiastically to this proposal and within a short time we put together the volume which is now presented to the reader. Regarding accep­ tance of papers we followed the usual rules of the journal'Integral Equations and Operator Theory'. The papers are dedicated to different problems in matrix and operator theory, especially to the areas in which Peter contributed so richly. At our request, Peter agreed to write an autobiographical paper, which appears at the beginning of the volume. It continues with the list of Peter's publications. We believe that this volume will pay tribute to Peter on his outstanding achievements in different areas of mathematics. 1. Gohberg, H. Langer P ter Lancast r •1929 Operator Theory: Advances and Applications, Vol. 130, 1- 7 © 2001 Birkhiiuser Verlag Basel/Switzerland My Life and Mathematics Peter Lancaster I was born in Appleby, a small county town in the north of England, on November 14th, 1929. I had two older brothers and was to have one younger sister. My family moved around the north of England as my father's work in an insurance company required.

This book contains the refereed papers which were presented at the interna­ tional conference on'Multivariate Approximation and Splines'held in Mannheim, Germany, on September 7-10,1996. Fifty experts from Bulgaria, England, France, Israel, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Switzerland, Ukraine, USA and Germany participated in the symposium. It was the aim of the conference to give an overview of recent developments in multivariate approximation with special emphasis on spline methods. The field is characterized by rapidly developing branches such as approximation, data fit­ ting, interpolation, splines, radial basis functions, neural networks, computer aided design methods, subdivision algorithms and wavelets. The research has applications in areas like industrial production, visualization, pattern recognition, image and signal processing, cognitive systems and modeling in geology, physics, biology and medicine. In the following, we briefly describe the contents of the papers. Exact inequalities of Kolmogorov type which estimate the derivatives of mul­ the paper of BABENKO, KOFANovand tivariate periodic functions are derived in PICHUGOV. These inequalities are applied to the approximation of classes of mul­ tivariate periodic functions and to the approximation by quasi-polynomials. BAINOV, DISHLIEV and HRISTOVA investigate initial value problems for non­ linear impulse differential-difference equations which have many applications in simulating real processes. By applying iterative techniques, sequences of lower and upper solutions are constructed which converge to a solution of the initial value problem.

The authors initially planned to write an article describing the origins and devel­ opments of the theory of Fredholm operators and to present their recollections of this topic. We started to read again classical papers and we were sidetracked by the literature concerned with the theory and applications of traces and determi­ nants of infinite matrices and integral operators. We were especially impressed by the papers of Poincare, von Koch, Fredholm, Hilbert and Carleman, as well as F. Riesz's book on infinite systems of linear equations. Consequently our plans were changed and we decided to write a paper on the history of determinants of infi­ nite matrices and operators. During the preparation of our paper we realized that many mathematical questions had to be answered in order to gain a more com­ plete understanding of the subject. So, we changed our plans again and decided to present the subject in a more advanced form which would satisfy our new require­ ments. This whole process took between four and five years of challenging, but enjoyable work. This entailed the study of the appropriate relatively recent results of Grothendieck, Ruston, Pietsch, Hermann Konig and others. After the papers [GGK1] and [GGK2] were published, we saw that the written material could serve as the basis of a book.

The following tract is divided into three parts: Hilbert spaces and their (bounded and unbounded) self-adjoint operators, linear Hamiltonian systemsand their scalar counterparts and their application to orthogonal polynomials. In a sense, this is an updating of E. C. Titchmarsh's classic Eigenfunction Expansions. My interest in these areas began in 1960-61, when, as a graduate student, I was introduced by my advisors E. J. McShane and Marvin Rosenblum to the ideas of Hilbert space. The next year I was given a problem by Marvin Rosenblum that involved a differential operator with an'integral'boundary condition. That same year I attended a class given by the Physics Department in which the lecturer discussed the theory of Schwarz distributions and Titchmarsh's theory of singular Sturm-Liouville boundary value problems. I think a Professor Smith was the in­ structor, but memory fails. Nonetheless, I am deeply indebted to him, because, as we shall see, these topics are fundamental to what follows. I am also deeply indebted to others. First F. V. Atkinson stands as a giant in the field. W. N. Everitt does likewise. These two were very encouraging to me during my younger (and later) years. They did things'right.'It was a revelation to read the book and papers by Professor Atkinson and the many fine fundamen­ tal papers by Professor Everitt. They are held in highest esteem, and are given profound thanks.

This volume contains the articles contributed to the Minnesota Con­ ference on Complex Analysis (COCA). The Conference was held March 16-21, 1964, at the University of Minnesota, under the sponsorship of the U. S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research with thirty-one invited participants attending. Of these, nineteen presented their papers in person in the form of one-hour lectures. In addition, this volume con­ tains papers contributed by other attending participants as well as by participants who, after having planned to attend, were unable to do so. The list of particip ants, as well as the contributions to these Proceed­ ings, clearly do not represent a complete coverage of the activities in all fields of complex analysis. It is hoped, however, that these limitations stemming from the partly deliberate selections will allow a fairly com­ prehensive account of the current research in some of those areas of complex analysis that, in the editors'belief, have rapidly developed during the past decade and may remain as active in the foreseeable future as they are at the present time. In conclusion, the editors wish to thank, first of all, the participants and contributors to these Proceedings for their enthusiastic cooperation and encouragement. Our thanks are due also to the University of Min­ nesota, for offering the physical facilities for the Conference, and to Springer-Verlag for publishing these proceedings.

The present volume contains the proceedings of the International Conference on Ap­ plications of Operator Theory held in Winnipeg, Canada (October 2nd to 6th, 1994), which was organized by the Institute of Industrial Mathematical Sciences (IIMS) of the University of Manitoba. At this conference 92 participants representing 15 countries par­ ticipated, and 64 papers were presented. This meeting was the second of a linked pair. The first was a program of advanced instruction held at the Fields Institute, Ontario, followed by a research conference. The first of these events gave rise to the volume'Lectures on Operator Theory and its Applications', published by the American Mathematical Society for the Fields Institute in 1995. These two events were the creation of the following Program Committee: M. A. Dahleh (M. I. T.) P. A. Fillmore (Dalhousie) B. A. Francis (Toronto) F. Ghahramani (Manitoba) K. Glover (Cambridge) I. Gohberg (Tel Aviv) T. Kailath (Stanford) P. Lancaster (Calgary), Chair H. Langer (Vienna) P. N. Shivakumar (Manitoba) A. A. Shkalikov (Moscow) B. Simon (Cal. Tech.) H. Widom (Santa Cruz) Both events focused on the following main topics: Infinite matrices and projection methods, linear operators on indefinite scalar product spaces, differential operators and mathematical systems theory and control. This volume contains a selection of papers in modern operator theory and its appli­ cations. They are dedicated to recent achievements and many are written by leaders in the mentioned fields.

This volume is dedicated to Heinz Langer, a leading expert in spectral analysis and its applications, in particular to operators in spaces with an indefinite metric, on the occasion of his 60th birthday.The book begins with his biography and list of publications. It contains a selection of research papers, most of which are devoted to spectral analysis of operators or operator pencils with applications to ordinary and partial differential equations. Other papers deal with time-varying systems, interpolation and factorization problems, and topics from mathematical physics. About half of the papers contain further developments in the theory of operators in spaces with an indefinite metric and treat new applications. The book is of interest to a wide audience of pure and applied mathematicians.

This book is dedicated to the memory of an outstanding mathematician and personality, Vladimir Petrovich Potapov, who made important contributions to and exerted considerable influence in the areas of operator theory, complex analysis and their points of juncture. The book commences with insightful biographical material, and then presents a collection of papers on different aspects of operator theory and complex analysis covering those recent achievements of the Odessa-Kharkov school in which Potapov was very active. The papers deal with interrelated problems and methods. The main topics are the multiplicative structure of contractive matrix and operator functions, operators in spaces with indefinite scalar products, inverse problems for systems of differential equations, interpolation and approximation problems for operator and matrix functions. The book will appeal to a wide group of mathematicians and engineers, and much of the material can be used for advanced courses and seminars.

This book is the result of a decision taken in 1980 to begin studying the history of mathematics in the nineteenth century. I hoped by doing it to learn some­ thing of value about Kovalevskaya herself and about the mathematical world she inhabited. Having been trained as a mathematician, I also hoped to learn something about the proper approach to the history of the subject. The decision to begin the study with Kovalevskaya, apart from the intrinsic interest of Kovalevskaya herself, was primarily based upon the fact that the writing on her in English had been done by people who were interested in sociological and psychological aspects of her life. None of these writings discussed her mathematical work in much detail. This omission seemed to me a serious one in biographical studies of a woman whose primary significance was her mathematical work. In regard to both the content of nineteenth century mathematics and the nature of the history of mathematics I learned a great deal from writing this book. The attempt to put Kovalevskaya's work in historical context involved reading dozens of significant papers by great mathematicians. In many cases, I fear, the purport of these papers is better known to many of my readers than to me. If I persevered despite misgivings, my excuse is that this book is, after all, primarily about Kovalevskaya. If specialists in Euler, Cauchy, etc.

The present book is the second of the two volume Proceedings of the Mark Krein International Conference on Operator Theory and Applications. This conference, which was dedicated to the 90th Anniversary of the prominent mathematician Mark Krein, was held in Odessa, Ukraine from 18-22 August, 1997. The conference focused on the main ideas, methods, results, and achievements of M. G. Krein. This second volume is devoted to operator theory and related topics. It opens with the bibliography of M. G. Krein and a number of survey papers about his work. The main part of the book consists of original research papers presenting the state of the art in operator theory and its applications. The first volume of these proceedings, entitled Differential Operators and related Topics, concerns the other aspects of the conference. The two volumes will be of interest to a wide-range of readership in pure and applied mathematics, physics and engineering sciences. Table of Contents Preface............................................................. v Table of Contents.................................................... vii Bibliography of Mark Grigorevich Krein............................... ix Review papers: M. G. Krein's Contributions to Prediction Theory H. Dym M. G. Krein's Contribution to the Moment.............................. 17 AA Nudelman Research Papers: Solution of the Truncated Matrix Hamburger Moment Problem according to M. G. Krein..................................... 33 Y. M. Adamyan and I. M. Tkachenko Extreme Points of a Positive Operator Ball............................. 53 T. Ando M-accretive Extensions of Sectorial Operators and Krein Spaces......... 67 Y. M. Arlinskii A Simple Proof of the Continuous Commutant Lifting Theorem.......... 83 R. Bruzual and M.

20. Pattern recognition and statistical learning theory (the theory of support vector machines). See [40], [58]. In this last volume we refer in particular to the papers [63] and [64]. Since this topic is maybe less known to the operator theory community we mention that the support vector method is a general approach to function estimation problems. See [63, p. 26]. We note that the above list and the given references are by no way exhaustive. We refer to the first section of the paper of S. Saitoh in the present volume for another (and mainly different) list of topics where reproducing kernel spaces appear. Quite often a given question is best understood in a reproducing kernel Hilbert space (for instance when using Cauchy's formula in the Hardy space H) 2 and one finds oneself as Mr Jourdain of Moliere'Bourgeois Gentilhomme speaking Prose without knowing it [48, p. 51]: Par ma foil il y a plus de quarante ans que je dis de la prose sans que l j'en susse rien.

A NATO Advanced Study Institute on Nonlinear Functional Analysis and Its Applications was held in Hotel Villa del Mare, Maratea, It.a1y during April 22 - May 3, 1985. This volume consists of the Proceedings of the Institute. These Proceedings include the invited lectures and contributed papers given during the Institute. The papers have been refereed. The aim of these lectures was to bring together recent and up-to-date development of the subject, and to give directions for future research. The main topics covered include: degree and generalized degree theory, results related to Hamiltonian Systems, Fixed Point theory, linear and nonlinear Differential and Partial Differential Equations, Theory of Nielsen Numbers, and applications to Dynamical Systems, Bifurcation Theory, Hamiltonian Systems, Minimax Theory, Heat Equations, Pendulum Equation, Nonlinear Boundary Value Problems, and Dirichlet and Neumann problems for elliptic equations and the periodic Dirichlet problem for semilinear beam equations. I express my sincere thanks to Professors F. E. Browder, R. Conti, A. Do1d, D. E. Edmunds and J. Mawhin members of the Advisory Committee.

Pseudorandom sequences have widespread applications, for instance, in spread spectrum, code division multiple access, optical and ultrawide band communication systems, as well as in ranging systems global positioning systems, circuit testing and stream ciphers. Such sequences also have strong ties to error-correcting codes.This volume contains survey and research papers on sequences and their applications. It brings together leading experts from discrete mathematics, computer science and communications engineering, and helps to bridge advances in these different areas. Papers in this volume discuss the theory of sequences and their applications in cryptography, coding theory, communications systems, numerical computation and computer simulation.

The Spring 1986 Program in Geometric Function Theory (GFT) at the Mathematical Sciences Research Institute (MSRI) brought together mathe­ maticians interested in Teichmiiller theory, quasiconformal mappings, Kleinian groups, univalent functions and value distribution. It included a large and stimulating Workshop, preceded by a mini-conference on String Theory attended by both mathematicians and physicists. These activities produced interesting results and fruitful interactions among the partici­ pants. These volumes represent only a portion of the papers that will even­ tually result from ideas developed in the offices and corridors of MSRI's elegant home. The Editors solicited contributions from all participants in the Program­ whether or not they gave a talk at the Workshop. Papers were also submit­ ted by mathematicians invited but unable to attend. All manuscripts were refereed. The articles included here cover a broad spectrum, representative of the activities during the semester. We have made an attempt to group them by subject, for the reader's convenience. The Editors take pleasure in thanking all participants, authors and ref­ erees for their work in producing these volumes. We are also grateful to the Scientific Advisory Council of MSRI for sup­ porting the Program in GFT. Finally thanks are due to the National Sci­ ence Foundation and those Universities (including Cornell, Michigan, Min­ nesota, Rutgers Newark, SUNY Stony Brook) who gave released time to faculty members to participate for extended periods in this program.

Finally, Moulin considers the problem of forming radar images under a diffuse-target statistical model. His estimation approach includes application of the maximum-likelihood principle and a regularization procedure based on wavelet representations. In addition, he shows that the radar imaging problem can be seen as a problem of inference on the wavelet coefficients of an image corrupted by additive noise. The aim of this special issue is to provide a forum in which researchers from the fields of mathematics, computer science, and electrical engineering who work on problems of significance to computer vision can better understand each other. I hope that the papers included in this special issue will provide a clearer picture of the role of wavelet transforms and the principles of multiresolution analysis. I wish to thank many people for their contributions and assistance in this project: Gerhard Ritter, the Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of Mathematical Imaging and Vision, who invited me to organize this issue and who provided patient guidance; the researchers who submitted papers for consideration and others who have contributed to the explosion of growth in this area; the reviewers, who provided careful and thoughtful evaluations in a timely fashion; and, finally, from these efforts, the authors of the papers selected for publication in the special issue. Andrew Laine Guest Editor Center for Computer Vision and Visualization Department of Computer and Information Sciences University of Florida Journal of Mathematical Imaging and Vision, 3, 7-38 (1993). © Kluwer Academic Publishers. Manufactured in The Netherlands.

This IMA Volume in Mathematics and its Applications q-Series and Partitions is based on the proceedings of a workshop which was an integral part of the 1987-88 IMA program on APPLIED COMBINATORICS. We are grateful to the Scientific Committee: Victor Klee (Chairman), Daniel Kleitman, Dijen Ray-Chaudhuri and Dennis Stanton for planning and implementing an exciting and stimulating year­ long program. We especially thank the Workshop Organizer, Dennis Stanton, for organizing a workshop which brought together many of the major figures in a variety of research fields in which q-series and partitions are used. A vner Friedman Willard Miller, Jr. PREFACE This volume contains the Proceedings of the Workshop on q-Series and Parti­ tions held at the IMA on March 7-11, 1988. Also included are papers by Goodman and O'Hara, Macdonald, and Zeilberger on unimodality. This work was of substan­ tial interest and discussed by many participants in the Workshop. The papers have been grouped into four parts: identities, unimodality of Gaus­ sian polynomials, constant term problems and related integrals, and orthogonal polynomials. They represent a cross section of the recent work on q-series includ­ ing: partitions, combinatorics, Lie algebras, analysis, and mathematical physics. I would like to thank the staff of the IMA, and its directors, Avner Friedman and Willard Miller, Jr., for providing a wonderful environment for the Workshop. Patricia Brick and Kaye Smith prepared the manuscripts.