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These proceedings gather selected, peer-reviewed papers presented at the IV International Conference on Mathematics and its Applications in Science and Engineering – ICMASE 2023, held on July 12–14, 2023 by the University Center of Technology and Digital Arts (U-tad) in Madrid, Spain.Papers in this volume cover new developments in applications of mathematics in science and engineering, with an emphasis on mathematical and computational modeling of real-world problems. Topics range from the use of differential equations to model mechanical structures to the employ of number theory in the development of information security and cryptography. Educational issues specific to the acquisition of mathematical competencies by engineering and science students at all university levels are also touched on.Researchers, practitioners, and university students can significantly benefit from this volume, especially those seeking advanced methods for applying mathematics to various contexts and fields.

The aim of this book is to quickly elevate students to a proficiency level where they can solve linear and nonlinear partial differential equations using state-of-the-art numerical methods. It covers numerous topics typically absent in introductory texts on ODEs and PDEs, including: Computing solutions to chaotic dynamical systems with TRBDF2 Simulating the nonlinear diffusion equation with TRBDF2 Applying Newton's method and GMRES to the nonlinear Laplace equation Analyzing gas dynamics with WENO3 (1D Riemann problems and 2D supersonic jets) Modeling the drift-diffusion equations with TRBDF2 and PCG Solving the classical hydrodynamic model (electro-gas dynamics) with WENO3 and TRBDF2 The book features 34 original MATLAB programs illustrating each numerical method and includes 93 problems that confirm results discussed in the text and explore new directions. Additionally, it suggests eight semester-long projects. This comprehensive text can serve as the basis for a one-semester graduate course on the numerical solution of partial differential equations, or, with some advanced material omitted, for a one-semester junior/senior or graduate course on the numerical solution of ordinary and partial differential equations. The topics and programs will be of interest to applied mathematicians, engineers, physicists, biologists, chemists, and more.

This book presents four topics related to undergraduate courses, typically not covered in standard lectures. Written in a clear and careful style, these four “pearls” aim at complementing and deepening the knowledge of students and instructors by presenting a variety of techniques and useful methods. The first chapter provides a detailed discussion of real numbers, the foundation of any mathematical construction. Chapter two of the book is dedicated to the study of sequences defined by recurrence relations. The third chapter explores certain problems in asymptotic analysis, and the final chapter of the book discusses mathematical results related to “Integration in Finite Terms”. Each chapter of the book is accompanied by its respective bibliography. The book is intended for readers with a level of maturity typically attained after completing a bachelor's degree in mathematics.

This book focuses on the theoretical aspects of calculus. The book begins with a chapter on set theory before thoroughly discussing real numbers, then moves onto sequences, series, and their convergence. The author explains why an understanding of real numbers is essential in order to create a foundation for studying analysis. Since the Cantor set is elusive to many, a section is devoted to binary/ternary numbers and the Cantor set. The book then moves on to continuous functions, differentiations, integrations, and uniform convergence of sequences of functions. An example of a nontrivial uniformly Cauchy sequence of functions is given. The author defines each topic, identifies important theorems, and includes many examples throughout each chapter. The book also provides introductory instruction on proof writing, with an emphasis on how to execute a precise writing style.

This book explores fractional differential equations with a fixed point approach. The authors highlight the existence, uniqueness, and stability results for various classes of fractional differential equations. All of the problems in the book also deal with some form of of the well-known Hilfer fractional derivative, which unifies the Riemann-Liouville and Caputo fractional derivatives. Classical and new fixed point theorems, associated with the measure of noncompactness in Banach spaces as well as several generalizations of the Gronwall's lemma, are employed as tools. The book is based on many years of research in this area, and provides suggestions for further study as well. The authors have included illustrations in order to support the readers'understanding of the concepts presented. Includes illustrations in order to support readers understanding of the presented concepts · Approaches the topic of fractional differential equations while employing fixed point theorems as tools · Presents novel results, which build upon previous literature and many years of research by the authors

This proceedings volume convenes selected, peer-reviewed papers presented at the 3rd International Conference on Mathematics and its Applications in Science and Engineering – ICMASE 2022, which was held on July 4–7, 2022 by the Technical University of Civil Engineering of Bucharest, Romania.Works in this volume cover new developments in applications of mathematics in science and engineering, with emphasis on mathematical and computational modeling of real-world problems. Topics range from the use of differential equations to model mechanical structures to the employ of number theory in the development of information security and cryptography. Educational issues specific to the acquisition of mathematical competencies by engineering and science students at all university levels are also touched on.Researchers and university students are the natural audiences for this book, which can be equally appealing to practitioners seeking up-to-date techniques in mathematical applications to different contexts and disciplines.

This graduate textbook provides a self-contained introduction to the classical theory of partial differential equations (PDEs). Through its careful selection of topics and engaging tone, readers will also learn how PDEs connect to cutting-edge research and the modeling of physical phenomena. The scope of the Third Edition greatly expands on that of the previous editions by including five new chapters covering additional PDE topics relevant for current areas of active research. This includes coverage of linear parabolic equations with measurable coefficients, parabolic DeGiorgi classes, Navier-Stokes equations, and more. The “Problems and Complements” sections have also been updated to feature new exercises, examples, and hints toward solutions, making this a timely resource for students.Partial Differential Equations: Third Edition is ideal for graduate students interested in exploring the theory of PDEs and how they connect to contemporary research. It can also serve as a useful tool for more experienced readers who are looking for a comprehensive reference.

​This book comprises selected papers of the 26th International Conference on Difference Equations and Applications, ICDEA 2021, held virtually at the University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, in July 2021.The book includes the latest and significant research and achievements in difference equations, discrete dynamical systems, and their applications in various scientific disciplines.The book is interesting for Ph.D. students and researchers who want to keep up to date with the latest research, developments, and achievements in difference equations, discrete dynamical systems, and their applications, the real-world problems.

This book covers problems involving a variety of fractional differential equations, as well as some involving the generalized Hilfer fractional derivative, which unifies the Riemann-Liouville and Caputo fractional derivatives. The authors highlight the existence, uniqueness, and stability results for various classes of fractional differential equations based on the most recent research in the area. The book discusses the classic and novel fixed point theorems related to the measure of noncompactness in Banach spaces and explains how to utilize them as tools. The authors build each chapter upon the previous one, helping readers to develop their understanding of the topic. The book includes illustrated results, analysis, and suggestions for further study.

This volume convenes selected, peer-reviewed works presented at the Partial Differential Equations and Applications Colloquium in Honor of Prof. Hamidou Toure that was held at the University Ouaga 1, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, November 5–9, 2018.Topics covered in this volume include boundary value problems for difference equations, differential forms in global analysis, functional differential equations, and stability in the context of PDEs. Studies on SIR and SIRS epidemic models, of special interest to researchers in epidemiology, are also included.This volume is dedicated to Dr. Hamidou Touré, a Research Professor at the University of Ouaga 1. Dr. Touré has made important scientific contributions in many fields of mathematical sciences. Dr. Touré got his PhD (1994) from the University of Franche-Comté of Besançon, France, and is one of the key leaders and mentor of several generations of mathematicians in French-speaking Africa.This conference was purposely held in Ouagadougou in reverence of Dr. Touré's efforts for the development of mathematics in Africa since the beginning of his career in early 1982 to the current days.

The use of difference matrices and high-level MATLAB® commands to implement finite difference algorithms is pedagogically novel. This unique and concise textbook gives the reader easy access and a general ability to use first and second difference matrices to set up and solve linear and nonlinear systems in MATLAB which approximate ordinary and partial differential equations. Prerequisites include a knowledge of basic calculus, linear algebra, and ordinary differential equations. Some knowledge of partial differential equations is a plus though the text may easily serve as a supplement for the student currently working through an introductory PDEs course. Familiarity with MATLAB is not required though a little prior experience with programming would be helpful. In addition to its special focus on solving in MATLAB, the abundance of examples and exercises make this text versatile in use. It would serve well in a graduate course in introductory scientific computing for partial differential equations. With prerequisites mentioned above plus some elementary numerical analysis, most of the material can be covered and many of the exercises assigned in a single semester course. Some of the more challenging exercises make substantial projects and relate to topics from other typical graduate mathematics courses, e.g., linear algebra, differential equations, or topics in nonlinear functional analysis. A selection of the exercises may be assigned as projects throughout the semester. The student will develop the skills to run simulations corresponding to the primarily theoretical course material covered by the instructor. The book can serve as a supplement for the instructor teaching any course in differential equations. Many of the examples can be easily implemented and the resulting simulation demonstrated by the instructor. If the course has a numerical component, a few of the more difficult exercises may be assigned as student projects. Established researchers in theoretical partial differential equations may find this book useful as well, particularly as an introductory guide for their research students. Those unfamiliar with MATLAB can use the material as a reference to quickly develop their own applications in that language. Practical assistance in implementing algorithms in MATLAB can be found in these pages. A mathematician who is new to the practical implementation of methods for scientific computation in general can learn how to implement and execute numerical simulations of differential equations in MATLAB with relative ease by working through a selection of exercises. Additionally, the book can serve as a practical guide in independent study, undergraduate or graduate research experiences, or for reference in simulating solutions to specific thesis or dissertation-related experiments.

This brief aims to merge the theories of fractional calculus and discrete calculus in a concise but comprehensive manner. It is designed for graduate students, but will be useful for any researcher interested in the theory of discrete fractional calculus and fractional difference equations.

This book discusses delay and integro-differential equations from the point of view of the theory of functional differential equations. This book is a collection of selected papers presented at the international conference of Functional Differential Equations and Applications (FDEA-2019), 7th in the series, held at Ariel University, Israel, from August 22–27, 2019. Topics covered in the book include classical properties of functional differential equations as oscillation/non-oscillation, representation of solutions, sign properties of Green's matrices, comparison of solutions, stability, control, analysis of boundary value problems, and applications. The primary audience for this book includes specialists on ordinary, partial and functional differential equations, engineers and doctors dealing with modeling, and researchers in areas of mathematics and engineering.

This book provides a comprehensive survey of the Sharkovsky ordering, its different aspects and its role in dynamical systems theory and applications. It addresses the coexistence of cycles for continuous interval maps and one-dimensional spaces, combinatorial dynamics on the interval and multidimensional dynamical systems. Also featured is a short chapter of personal remarks by O.M. Sharkovsky on the history of the Sharkovsky ordering, the discovery of which almost 60 years ago led to the inception of combinatorial dynamics. Now one of cornerstones of dynamics, bifurcation theory and chaos theory, the Sharkovsky ordering is an important tool for the investigation of dynamical processes in nature. Assuming only a basic mathematical background, the book will appeal to students, researchers and anyone who is interested in the subject.

This brief explores the Krasnosel'skiĭ-Man (KM) iterative method, which has been extensively employed to find fixed points of nonlinear methods.

This book comprises selected papers of the 25th International Conference on Difference Equations and Applications, ICDEA 2019, held at UCL, London, UK, in June 2019. The volume details the latest research on difference equations and discrete dynamical systems, and their application to areas such as biology, economics, and the social sciences. Some chapters have a tutorial style and cover the history and more recent developments for a particular topic, such as chaos, bifurcation theory, monotone dynamics, and global stability. Other chapters cover the latest personal research contributions of the author(s) in their particular area of expertise and range from the more technical articles on abstract systems to those that discuss the application of difference equations to real-world problems. The book is of interest to both Ph.D. students and researchers alike who wish to keep abreast of the latest developments in difference equations and discrete dynamical systems.

This contributed volume focuses on various important areas of mathematics in which approximation methods play an essential role. It features cutting-edge research on a wide spectrum of analytic inequalities with emphasis on differential and integral inequalities in the spirit of functional analysis, operator theory, nonlinear analysis, variational calculus, featuring a plethora of applications, making this work a valuable resource. The reader will be exposed to convexity theory, polynomial inequalities, extremal problems, prediction theory, fixed point theory for operators, PDEs, fractional integral inequalities, multidimensional numerical integration, Gauss–Jacobi and Hermite–Hadamard type inequalities, Hilbert-type inequalities, and Ulam's stability of functional equations. Contributions have been written by eminent researchers, providing up-to-date information and several results which may be useful to a wide readership including graduate students and researchers working in mathematics, physics, economics, operational research, and their interconnections.

Functional analysis is an important branch of mathematical analysis which deals with the transformations of functions and their algebraic and topological properties. Motivated by their large applicability to real life problems, applications of functional analysis have been the aim of an intensive study effort in the last decades, yielding significant progress in the theory of functions and functional spaces, differential and difference equations and boundary value problems, differential and integral operators and spectral theory, and mathematical methods in physical and engineering sciences. The present volume is devoted to these investigations. The publication of this collection of papers is based on the materials of the mini-symposium'Functional Analysis in Interdisciplinary Applications'organized in the framework of the Fourth International Conference on Analysis and Applied Mathematics (ICAAM 2018, September 6–9, 2018). Presenting a widerange of topics and results, this book will appeal to anyone working in the subject area, including researchers and students interested to learn more about different aspects and applications of functional analysis. Many articles are written by experts from around the world, strengthening international integration in the fields covered. The contributions to the volume, all peer reviewed, contain numerous new results.This volume contains four different chapters. The first chapter contains the contributed papers focusing on various aspects of the theory of functions and functional spaces. The second chapter is devoted to the research on difference and differential equations and boundary value problems. The third chapter contains the results of studies on differential and integral operators and on the spectral theory. The fourth chapter is focused on the simulation of problems arising in real-world applications of applied sciences.

This monograph explores the concept of the Brouwer degree and its continuing impact on the development of important areas of nonlinear analysis. The authors define the degree using an analytical approach proposed by Heinz in 1959 and further developed by Mawhin in 2004, linking it to the Kronecker index and employing the language of differential forms. The chapters are organized so that they can be approached in various ways depending on the interests of the reader. Unifying this structure is the central role the Brouwer degree plays in nonlinear analysis, which is illustrated with existence, surjectivity, and fixed point theorems for nonlinear mappings. Special attention is paid to the computation of the degree, as well as to the wide array of applications, such as linking, differential and partial differential equations, difference equations, variational and hemivariational inequalities, game theory, and mechanics. Each chapter features bibliographic and historical notes, and the final chapter examines the full history. Brouwer Degree will serve as an authoritative reference on the topic and will be of interest to professional mathematicians, researchers, and graduate students.

The present volume contains the Proceedings of the Seventh Iberoamerican Workshop in Orthogonal Polynomials and Applications (EIBPOA, which stands for Encuentros Iberoamericanos de Polinomios Ortogonales y Aplicaciones, in Spanish), held at the Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Leganés, Spain, from July 3 to July 6, 2018.These meetings were mainly focused to encourage research in the fields of approximation theory, special functions, orthogonal polynomials and their applications among graduate students as well as young researchers from Latin America, Spain and Portugal. The presentation of the state of the art as well as some recent trends constitute the aim of the lectures delivered in the EIBPOA by worldwide recognized researchers in the above fields.In this volume, several topics on the theory of polynomials orthogonal with respect to different inner products are analyzed, both from an introductory point of view for a wide spectrum ofreaders without an expertise in the area, as well as the emphasis on their applications in topics as integrable systems, random matrices, numerical methods in differential and partial differential equations, coding theory, and signal theory, among others.

This proceedings volume gathers peer-reviewed, selected papers presented at the “Mathematical and Numerical Approaches for Multi-Wave Inverse Problems” conference at the Centre Internacional de Rencontres Mathématiques (CIRM) in Marseille, France, in April 2019. It brings the latest research into new, reliable theoretical approaches and numerical techniques for solving nonlinear and inverse problems arising in multi-wave and hybrid systems.Multi-wave inverse problems have a wide range of applications in acoustics, electromagnetics, optics, medical imaging, and geophysics, to name but a few. In turn, it is well known that inverse problems are both nonlinear and ill-posed: two factors that pose major challenges for the development of new numerical methods for solving these problems, which are discussed in detail.These papers will be of interest to all researchers and graduate students working in the fields of nonlinear and inverse problems and its applications.

Considering that the motion of strings with finitely many masses on them is described by difference equations, this book presents the spectral theory of such problems on finite graphs of strings. The direct problem of finding the eigenvalues as well as the inverse problem of finding strings with a prescribed spectrum are considered. This monograph gives a comprehensive and self-contained account on the subject, thereby also generalizing known results. The interplay between the representation of rational functions and their zeros and poles is at the center of the methods used. The book also unravels connections between finite dimensional and infinite dimensional spectral problems on graphs, and between self-adjoint and non-self-adjoint finite-dimensional problems. This book is addressed to researchers in spectral theory of differential and difference equations as well as physicists and engineers who may apply the presented results and methods to their research.

Dieses essential gibt eine kompakte Einführung in die Ergodentheorie, die Dynamische Systeme mit Methoden der Maßtheorie untersucht. Lesende lernen wundervolle Resultate von herausragenden Mathematikern des 20. Jahrhunderts kennen. Eine Fülle von Beispielen Dynamischer Systeme mit invarianten und ergodischen Maßen werden beschrieben. Zusätzlich finden sich großartige Anwendungen der Ergodentheorie in der Zahlentheorie.

This two-volume set presents combinatorial functional equations using an algebraic approach, and illustrates their applications in combinatorial maps, graphs, networks, etc. The second volume mainly presents several kinds of meson functional equations which are divided into three types: outer, inner and surface. It is suited for a wide readership, including pure and applied mathematicians, and also computer scientists.

This book focuses on the qualitative theory in structural mechanics, an area that remains underdeveloped. The qualitative theory mainly deals with the static deformation and vibrational modes of linear elastic structures, and cover subjects such as qualitative properties and the existence of solutions.Qualitative properties belong to one type of structure, are at the system level and of clear regularity, and often result from analytical derivation and logical reasoning. As for the existence of solutions, it addresses a fundamental issue in structural mechanics, and has far-reaching implications for engineering applications.A better understanding of qualitative properties can assist in both numerical computation and experimental studies. It also promotes the development of better dynamic designs for structures. At the same time, a sound grasp of the existence of solutions and related subjects can aid in quantitative analysis, and help researchers establish the theoretical background essential to their work. This book is among the few that is dedicated exclusively to the qualitative theory in structural mechanics and systematically introduces the important and challenging area to a wide audience, including graduate students in engineering.

The book presents the proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Difference Equations and Applications, ICDEA 2017, held at the West University of Timișoara, Romania, under the auspices of the International Society of Difference Equations (ISDE), July 24 - 28, 2017. It includes new and significant contributions in the field of difference equations, discrete dynamical systems and their applications in various sciences. Disseminating recent studies and related results and promoting advances, the book appeals to PhD students, researchers, educators and practitioners in the field.

Dedicated to Tosio Kato's 100th birthday, this book contains research and survey papers on a broad spectrum of methods, theories, and problems in mathematics and mathematical physics. Survey papers and in-depth technical papers emphasize linear and nonlinear analysis, operator theory, partial differential equations, and functional analysis including nonlinear evolution equations, the Korteweg–de Vries equation, the Navier–Stokes equation, and perturbation theory of linear operators. The Kato inequality, the Kato type matrix limit theorem, the Howland–Kato commutator problem, the Kato-class of potentials, and the Trotter–Kato product formulae are discussed and analyzed. Graduate students, research mathematicians, and applied scientists will find that this book provides comprehensive insight into the significance of Tosio Kato's impact to research in analysis and operator theory.

This two-volume set presents combinatorial functional equations using an algebraic approach, and illustrates their applications in combinatorial maps, graphs, networks, etc. The first volume mainly presents basic concepts and the theoretical background. Differential (ordinary and partial) equations and relevant topics are discussed in detail.

This monograph is devoted to covering the main results in the qualitative theory of symplectic difference systems, including linear Hamiltonian difference systems and Sturm-Liouville difference equations, with the emphasis on the oscillation and spectral theory. As a pioneer monograph in this field it contains nowadays standard theory of symplectic systems, as well as the most current results in this field, which are based on the recently developed central object - the comparative index. The book contains numerous results and citations, which were till now scattered only in journal papers. The book also provides new applications of the theory of matrices in this field, in particular of the Moore-Penrose pseudoinverse matrices, orthogonal projectors, and symplectic matrix factorizations. Thus it brings this topic to the attention of researchers and students in pure as well as applied mathematics.

This volume contains extended abstracts outlining selected presentations delivered by participants of the joint international multidisciplinary workshop MURPHYS-HSFS-2018 (MUltiRate Processes and HYSteresis; Hysteresis and Slow-Fast Systems), dedicated to the mathematical theory and applications of the multiple scale systems, the systems with hysteresis and general trends in the dynamical systems theory. The workshop was jointly organized by the Centre de Recerca Matemàtica (CRM), Barcelona, and the Collaborative Research Center 910, Berlin, and held at the Centre de Recerca Matemàtica in Bellaterra, Barcelona, from May 28th to June 1st, 2018. This was the ninth workshop continuing a series of biennial meetings started in Ireland in 2002, and the second workshop of this series held at the CRM. Earlier editions of the workshops in this series were held in Cork, Pechs, Suceava, Lutherstadt and Berlin. The collection includes brief researcharticles reporting new results, descriptions of preliminary work, open problems, and the outcome of work in groups initiated during the workshop. Topics include analysis of hysteresis phenomena, multiple scale systems, self-organizing nonlinear systems, singular perturbations and critical phenomena, as well as applications of the hysteresis and the theory of singularly perturbed systems to fluid dynamics, chemical kinetics, cancer modeling, population modeling, mathematical economics, and control.The book is intended for established researchers, as well as for PhD and postdoctoral students who want to learn more about the latest advances in these highly active research areas.

This textbook on periodic character and patterns of recursive sequences focuses on discrete periodic patterns of first order, second order and higher order difference equations. Aimed toward advanced undergraduate students and graduate students who have taken a basic course in Calculus I and Discrete Mathematics, this book serves as a core text for a course in Difference Equations and Discrete Dynamical Systems. The text contains over 200 exercises to provide readers with a hands-on experience working with the material; the exercises include computations of specific examples and proofs of general results. Readers will receive a first-hand introduction to patterns of periodic cycles and patterns of transient terms with exercises for most sections of the text, preparing them for significant research work in the area.

This volume contains extended abstracts outlining selected presentations given by participants of the joint international multidisciplinary workshop MURPHYS-HSFS-2016 (MUltiRate Processes and HYSteresis; Hysteresis and Slow-Fast Systems), which was dedicated to the mathematical theory and applications of multiple scale systems and systems with hysteresis, and held at the Centre de Recerca Matemàtica (CRM) in Barcelona from June 13th to 17th, 2016. The collection includes brief research articles on new results, preliminary work, open problems, and the outcomes of group work initiated during the workshop.The book addresses multiple scale phenomena, singular perturbations, phase transitions, and hysteresis phenomena occurring in mathematical, physical, economic, engineering and information systems. Its scope includes both new results in the theory of hysteresis, singularly perturbed systems and dynamical systems in general; and applications to the physical, chemical, biological, microbiological, economic, and engineering sciences, such as: elasto-plasticity and mechanical structures, damage processes, magnetic materials, photonics and optoelectronics, energy storage systems, hydrology, biology, semiconductor lasers, and shock phenomena in economic modeling. Given its breadth of coverage, the book offers a valuable resource for established researchers, as well as for PhD and postdoctoral students who want to learn more about the latest advances in these highly active research areas.

This monograph develops an operator viewpoint for functional equations in classical function spaces of analysis, thus filling a void in the mathematical literature. Major constructions or operations in analysis are often characterized by some elementary properties, relations or equations which they satisfy. The authors present recent results on the problem to what extent the derivative is characterized by equations such as the Leibniz rule or the Chain rule operator equation in Ck-spaces. By localization, these operator equations turn into specific functional equations which the authors then solve. The second derivative, Sturm-Liouville operators and the Laplacian motivate the study of certain'second-order'operator equations. Additionally, the authors determine the general solution of these operator equations under weak assumptions of non-degeneration. In their approach, operators are not required to be linear, and the authors also try to avoid continuity conditions. TheLeibniz rule, the Chain rule and its extensions turn out to be stable under perturbations and relaxations of assumptions on the form of the operators. The results yield an algebraic understanding of first- and second-order differential operators. Because the authors have chosen to characterize the derivative by algebraic relations, the rich operator-type structure behind the fundamental notion of the derivative and its relatives in analysis is discovered and explored. The book does not require any specific knowledge of functional equations. All needed results are presented and proven and the book is addressed to a general mathematical audience.

This book gives a comprehensive overview of the relationship between admissibility and hyperbolicity. Essential theories and selected developments are discussed with highlights to applications. The dedicated readership includes researchers and graduate students specializing in differential equations and dynamical systems (with emphasis on hyperbolicity) who wish to have a broad view of the topic and working knowledge of its techniques. The book may also be used as a basis for appropriate graduate courses on hyperbolicity; the pointers and references given to further research will be particularly useful.The material is divided into three parts: the core of the theory, recent developments, and applications. The first part pragmatically covers the relation between admissibility and hyperbolicity, starting with the simpler case of exponential contractions. It also considers exponential dichotomies, both for discrete and continuous time, and establishes corresponding results buildingon the arguments for exponential contractions. The second part considers various extensions of the former results, including a general approach to the construction of admissible spaces and the study of nonuniform exponential behavior. Applications of the theory to the robustness of an exponential dichotomy, the characterization of hyperbolic sets in terms of admissibility, the relation between shadowing and structural stability, and the characterization of hyperbolicity in terms of Lyapunov sequences are given in the final part.

This textbook is designed with the needs of today's student in mind. It is the ideal textbook for a first course in elementary differential equations for future engineers and scientists, including mathematicians. This book is accessible to anyone who has a basic knowledge of precalculus algebra and differential and integral calculus. Its carefully crafted text adopts a concise, simple, no-frills approach to differential equations, which helps students acquire a solid experience in many classical solution techniques. With a lighter accent on the physical interpretation of the results, a more manageable page count than comparable texts, a highly readable style, and over 1000 exercises designed to be solved without a calculating device, this book emphasizes the understanding and practice of essential topics in a succinct yet fully rigorous fashion. Apart from several other enhancements, the second edition contains one new chapter on numerical methods of solution.The book formally splits the'pure'and'applied'parts of the contents by placing the discussion of selected mathematical models in separate chapters. At the end of most of the 246 worked examples, the author provides the commands in Mathematica® for verifying the results. The book can be used independently by the average student to learn the fundamentals of the subject, while those interested in pursuing more advanced material can regard it as an easily taken first step on the way to the next level. Additionally, practitioners who encounter differential equations in their professional work will find this text to be a convenient source of reference.

This book shows how Lie group and integrability techniques, originally developed for differential equations, have been adapted to the case of difference equations. Difference equations are playing an increasingly important role in the natural sciences. Indeed, many phenomena are inherently discrete and thus naturally described by difference equations. More fundamentally, in subatomic physics, space-time may actually be discrete. Differential equations would then just be approximations of more basic discrete ones. Moreover, when using differential equations to analyze continuous processes, it is often necessary to resort to numerical methods. This always involves a discretization of the differential equations involved, thus replacing them by difference ones. Each of the nine peer-reviewed chapters in this volume serves as a self-contained treatment of a topic, containing introductory material as well as the latest research results and exercises. Each chapter is presented by one or more early career researchers in the specific field of their expertise and, in turn, written for early career researchers. As a survey of the current state of the art, this book will serve as a valuable reference and is particularly well suited as an introduction to the field of symmetries and integrability of difference equations. Therefore, the book will be welcomed by advanced undergraduate and graduate students as well as by more advanced researchers.

Exploring the Riemann Zeta Function: 190 years from Riemann's Birth presents a collection of chapters contributed by eminent experts devoted to the Riemann Zeta Function, its generalizations, and their various applications to several scientific disciplines, including Analytic Number Theory, Harmonic Analysis, Complex Analysis, Probability Theory, and related subjects. The book focuses on both old and new results towards the solution of long-standing problems as well as it features some key historical remarks. The purpose of this volume is to present in a unified way broad and deep areas of research in a self-contained manner. It will be particularly useful for graduate courses and seminars as well as it will make an excellent reference tool for graduate students and researchers in Mathematics, Mathematical Physics, Engineering and Cryptography.

This book offers a modern introduction to Nevanlinna theory and its intricate relation to the theory of normal families, algebraic functions, asymptotic series, and algebraic differential equations.Following a comprehensive treatment of Nevanlinna's theory of value distribution, the author presents advances made since Hayman's work on the value distribution of differential polynomials and illustrates how value- and pair-sharing problems are linked to algebraic curves and Briot–Bouquet differential equations. In addition to discussing classical applications of Nevanlinna theory, the book outlines state-of-the-art research, such as the effect of the Yosida and Zalcman–Pang method of re-scaling to algebraic differential equations, and presents the Painlevé–Yosida theorem, which relates Painlevé transcendents and solutions to selected 2D Hamiltonian systems to certain Yosida classes of meromorphic functions.Aimed at graduate students interested in recent developments in the field and researchers working on related problems, Nevanlinna Theory, Normal Families, and Algebraic Differential Equations will also be of interest to complex analysts looking for an introduction to various topics in the subject area. With examples, exercises and proofs seamlessly intertwined with the body of the text, this book is particularly suitable for the more advanced reader.

This book is addressed to mathematics and physics students who want to develop an interdisciplinary view of mathematics, from the age of Riemann, Poincaré and Darboux to basic tools of modern mathematics. It enables them to acquire the sensibility necessary for the formulation and solution of difficult problems, with an emphasis on concepts, rigour and creativity. It consists of eight self-contained parts: ordinary differential equations; linear elliptic equations; calculus of variations; linear and non-linear hyperbolic equations; parabolic equations; Fuchsian functions and non-linear equations; the functional equations of number theory; pseudo-differential operators and pseudo-differential equations. The author leads readers through the original papers and introduces new concepts, with a selection of topics and examples that are of high pedagogical value.

This text provides the first comprehensive treatment of the discrete fractional calculus. Experienced researchers will find the text useful as a reference for discrete fractional calculus and topics of current interest. Students who are interested in learning about discrete fractional calculus will find this text to provide a useful starting point. Several exercises are offered at the end of each chapter and select answers have been provided at the end of the book.The presentation of the content is designed to give ample flexibility for potential use in a myriad of courses and for independent study. The novel approach taken by the authors includes a simultaneous treatment of the fractional- and integer-order difference calculus (on a variety of time scales, including both the usual forward and backwards difference operators). The reader will acquire a solid foundation in the classical topics of the discrete calculus while being introduced to exciting recent developments, bringing them to the frontiers of the subject. Most chapters may be covered or omitted, depending upon the background of the student. For example, the text may be used as a primary reference in an introductory course for difference equations which also includes discrete fractional calculus. Chapters 1—2 provide a basic introduction to the delta calculus including fractional calculus on the set of integers. For courses where students already have background in elementary real analysis, Chapters 1—2 may be covered quickly and readers may then skip to Chapters 6—7 which present some basic results in fractional boundary value problems (FBVPs). Chapters 6—7 in conjunction with some of the current literature listed in the Bibliography can provide a basis for a seminar in the current theory of FBVPs. For a two-semester course, Chapters 1—5 may be covered in depth, providing a very thorough introduction to both the discrete fractional calculus as well as the integer-order calculus.

Addressing the question how to “sum” a power series in one variable when it diverges, that is, how to attach to it analytic functions, the volume gives answers by presenting and comparing the various theories of k-summability and multisummability. These theories apply in particular to all solutions of ordinary differential equations.The volume includes applications, examples and revisits, from a cohomological point of view, the group of tangent-to-identity germs of diffeomorphisms of C studied in volume 1. With a view to applying the theories to solutions of differential equations, a detailed survey of linear ordinary differential equations is provided, which includes Gevrey asymptotic expansions, Newton polygons, index theorems and Sibuya's proof of the meromorphic classification theorem that characterizes the Stokes phenomenon for linear differential equations.This volume is the second in a series of three, entitled Divergent Series, Summability and Resurgence. It is aimed at graduate students and researchers in mathematics and theoretical physics who are interested in divergent series, Although closely related to the other two volumes, it can be read independently.

Providing an elementary introduction to analytic continuation and monodromy, the first part of this volume applies these notions to the local and global study of complex linear differential equations, their formal solutions at singular points, their monodromy and their differential Galois groups. The Riemann-Hilbert problem is discussed from Bolibrukh's point of view. The second part expounds 1-summability and Ecalle's theory of resurgence under fairly general conditions. It contains numerous examples and presents an analysis of the singularities in the Borel plane via “alien calculus”, which provides a full description of the Stokes phenomenon for linear or non-linear differential or difference equations. The first of a series of three, entitled Divergent Series, Summability and Resurgence, this volume is aimed at graduate students, mathematicians and theoretical physicists interested in geometric, algebraic or local analytic properties of dynamical systems. It includes useful exercises with solutions. The prerequisites are a working knowledge of elementary complex analysis and differential algebra.

This book presents the theory of asymptotic integration for both linear differential and difference equations. This type of asymptotic analysis is based on some fundamental principles by Norman Levinson. While he applied them to a special class of differential equations, subsequent work has shown that the same principles lead to asymptotic results for much wider classes of differential and also difference equations.After discussing asymptotic integration in a unified approach, this book studies how the application of these methods provides several new insights and frequent improvements to results found in earlier literature. It then continues with a brief introduction to the relatively new field of asymptotic integration for dynamic equations on time scales.Asymptotic Integration of Differential and Difference Equations is a self-contained and clearly structured presentation of some of the most important results in asymptotic integration and the techniques usedin this field. It will appeal to researchers in asymptotic integration as well to non-experts who are interested in the asymptotic analysis of linear differential and difference equations. It will additionally be of interest to students in mathematics, applied sciences, and engineering. Linear algebra and some basic concepts from advanced calculus are prerequisites.

The second edition of this textbook provides a single source for the analysis of system models represented by continuous-time and discrete-time, finite-dimensional and infinite-dimensional, and continuous and discontinuous dynamical systems. For these system models, it presents results which comprise the classical Lyapunov stability theory involving monotonic Lyapunov functions, as well as corresponding contemporary stability results involving non-monotonic Lyapunov functions. Specific examples from several diverse areas are given to demonstrate the applicability of the developed theory to many important classes of systems, including digital control systems, nonlinear regulator systems, pulse-width-modulated feedback control systems, and artificial neural networks. The authors cover the following four general topics: - Representation and modeling of dynamical systems of the types described above- Presentation of Lyapunov and Lagrange stability theory for dynamical systems defined on general metric spaces involving monotonic and non-monotonic Lyapunov functions- Specialization of this stability theory to finite-dimensional dynamical systems - Specialization of this stability theory to infinite-dimensional dynamical systemsReplete with examples and requiring only a basic knowledge of linear algebra, analysis, and differential equations, this book can be used as a textbook for graduate courses in stability theory of dynamical systems. It may also serve as a self-study reference for graduate students, researchers, and practitioners in applied mathematics, engineering, computer science, economics, and the physical and life sciences.Review of the First Edition:“The authors have done an excellent job maintaining the rigor of the presentation, and in providing standalone statements for diverse types of systems. [This] is a very interesting book which complements the existing literature. [It] is clearly written, and difficult concepts are illustrated by means of good examples.” - Alessandro Astolfi, IEEE Control Systems Magazine, February 2009

Some of the most recent and significant results on homomorphisms and derivations in Banach algebras, quasi-Banach algebras, C•-algebras, C•-ternary algebras, non-Archimedean Banach algebras and multi-normed algebras are presented in this book. A brief introduction for functional equations and their stability is provided with historical remarks. Since the homomorphisms and derivations in Banach algebras are additive and R-linear or C-linear, the stability problems for additive functional equations and additive mappings are studied in detail. The latest results are discussed and examined in stability theory for new functional equations and functional inequalities in Banach algebras and C•-algebras, non-Archimedean Banach algebras, non-Archimedean C•-algebras, multi-Banach algebras and multi-C•-algebras.Graduate students with an understanding of operator theory, functional analysis, functional equations and analytic inequalities will find this book useful for furthering their understanding and discovering the latest results in mathematical analysis. Moreover, research mathematicians, physicists and engineers will benefit from the variety of old and new results, as well as theories and methods presented in this book.

This book provides an introduction to the analysis of discrete dynamical systems. The content is presented by an unitary approach that blends the perspective of mathematical modeling together with the ones of several discipline as Mathematical Analysis, Linear Algebra, Numerical Analysis, Systems Theory and Probability. After a preliminary discussion of several models, the main tools for the study of linear and non-linear scalar dynamical systems are presented, paying particular attention to the stability analysis. Linear difference equations are studied in detail and an elementary introduction of Z and Discrete Fourier Transform is presented. A whole chapter is devoted to the study of bifurcations and chaotic dynamics. One-step vector-valued dynamical systems are the subject of three chapters, where the reader can find the applications to positive systems, Markov chains, networks and search engines. The book is addressed mainly to students in Mathematics, Engineering, Physics, Chemistry, Biology and Economics. The exposition is self-contained: some appendices present prerequisites, algorithms and suggestions for computer simulations. The analysis of several examples is enriched by the proposition of many related exercises of increasing difficulty; in the last chapter the detailed solution is given for most of them.

This book covers novel research on construction and analysis of optimal cryptographic functions such as almost perfect nonlinear (APN), almost bent (AB), planar and bent functions. These functions have optimal resistance to linear and/or differential attacks, which are the two most powerful attacks on symmetric cryptosystems. Besides cryptographic applications, these functions are significant in many branches of mathematics and information theory including coding theory, combinatorics, commutative algebra, finite geometry, sequence design and quantum information theory. The author analyzes equivalence relations for these functions and develops several new methods for construction of their infinite families. In addition, the book offers solutions to two longstanding open problems, including the problem on characterization of APN and AB functions via Boolean, and the problem on the relation between two classes of bent functions.