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This is a book on nonlinear dynamical systems and their bifurcations under parameter variation. It provides a reader with a solid basis in dynamical systems theory, as well as explicit procedures for application of general mathematical results to particular problems. Special attention is given to efficient numerical implementations of the developed techniques. Several examples from recent research papers are used as illustrations. The book is designed for advanced undergraduate or graduate students in applied mathematics, as well as for Ph.D. students and researchers in physics, biology, engineering, and economics who use dynamical systems as model tools in their studies. A moderate mathematical background is assumed, and, whenever possible, only elementary mathematical tools are used. This new edition preserves the structure of the previous editions, while updating the context to incorporate recent theoretical and software developments and modern techniques for bifurcation analysis. From reviews of earlier editions:'I know of no other book that so clearly explains the basic phenomena of bifurcation theory.'- Math Reviews'The book is a fine addition to the dynamical systems literature. It is good to see, in our modern rush to quick publication, that we, as a mathematical community, still have time to bring together, and in such a readable and considered form, the important results on our subject.'- Bulletin of the AMS'It is both a toolkit and a primer'- UK Nonlinear News

Bifurcation and Buckling in Structures describes the theory and analysis of bifurcation and buckling in structures. Emphasis is placed on a general procedure for solving nonlinear governing equations and an analysis procedure related to the finite-element method. Simple structural examples using trusses, columns, and frames illustrate the principles.Part I presents fundamental issues such as the general mathematical framework for bifurcation and buckling, procedures for the buckling load/mode analyses, and numerical analysis procedures to trace the solution curves and switch to bifurcation solutions. Advanced topics include asymptotic theory of bifurcation and bifurcation theory of symmetric systems.Part II deals with buckling of perfect and imperfect structures. An overview of the member buckling of columns and beams is provided, followed by the buckling analysis of truss and frame structures. The worst and random imperfections are studied as advanced topics. An extensive review of the history of buckling is presented. This text is ideal for advanced undergraduate and graduate students in engineering and applied mathematics. To assist readers, problems are listed at the end of each chapter, and their answers are given at the end of the book. Kiyohiro Ikeda is Professor Emeritus at Tohoku University, Japan.Kazuo Murota is a Project Professor at the Institute of Statistical Mathematics, Japan, as well as Professor Emeritus at the University of Tokyo, Kyoto University, and Tokyo Metropolitan University, Japan.

Rabinowitz's classical global bifurcation theory, which concerns the study in-the-large of parameter-dependent families of nonlinear equations, uses topological methods that address the problem of continuous parameter dependence of solutions by showing that there are connected sets of solutions of global extent. Even when the operators are infinitely differentiable in all the variables and parameters, connectedness here cannot in general be replaced by path-connectedness. However, in the context of real-analyticity there is an alternative theory of global bifurcation due to Dancer, which offers a much stronger notion of parameter dependence. This book aims to develop from first principles Dancer's global bifurcation theory for one-parameter families of real-analytic operators in Banach spaces. It shows that there are globally defined continuous and locally real-analytic curves of solutions. In particular, in the real-analytic setting, local analysis can lead to global consequences--for example, as explained in detail here, those resulting from bifurcation from a simple eigenvalue. Included are accounts of analyticity and implicit function theorems in Banach spaces, classical results from the theory of finite-dimensional analytic varieties, and the links between these two and global existence theory. Laying the foundations for more extensive studies of real-analyticity in infinite-dimensional problems and illustrating the theory with examples, Analytic Theory of Global Bifurcation is intended for graduate students and researchers in pure and applied analysis.

This book contributes to an understanding of how bifurcation theory adapts to the analysis of economic geography. It is easily accessible not only to mathematicians and economists, but also to upper-level undergraduate and graduate students who are interested in nonlinear mathematics. The self-organization of hexagonal agglomeration patterns of industrial regions was first predicted by the central place theory in economic geography based on investigations of southern Germany. The emergence of hexagonal agglomeration in economic geography models was envisaged by Krugman. In this book, after a brief introduction of central place theory and new economic geography, the missing link between them is discovered by elucidating the mechanism of the evolution of bifurcating hexagonal patterns. Pattern formation by such bifurcation is a well-studied topic in nonlinear mathematics, and group-theoretic bifurcation analysis is a well-developed theoretical tool. A finite hexagonal lattice is used to express uniformly distributed places, and the symmetry of this lattice is expressed by a finite group. Several mathematical methodologies indispensable for tackling the present problem are gathered in a self-contained manner. The existence of hexagonal distributions is verified by group-theoretic bifurcation analysis, first by applying the so-called equivariant branching lemma and next by solving the bifurcation equation. This book offers a complete guide for the application of group-theoretic bifurcation analysis to economic agglomeration on the hexagonal lattice.

This monograph combines the knowledge of both the field of Nonlinear Dynamcis and Non-smooth Mechanics and presents a framework for a class of non-smooth mechanical systems using techniques from both fields. During the last decades, the Non-smooth Mechanics community has developed a formulation of non-smoth systems, the mathematical prerequisites (Convex Analysis) as well as dedicated numerical algorithms.'Dynamics and Bifurcations of Non-smooth Mechanical Systems'presents these developments in a comprehensive way and opens the field to the Nonlinear Dynamics community. This book addresses researchers and graduate students in engineering and mathematics interested in the modelling, simulation and dynamics of non-smooth systems and nonlinear dynamics.

This book has been written in a frankly partisian spirit-we believe that singularity theory offers an extremely useful approach to bifurcation prob­ lems and we hope to convert the reader to this view. In this preface we will discuss what we feel are the strengths of the singularity theory approach. This discussion then Ieads naturally into a discussion of the contents of the book and the prerequisites for reading it. Let us emphasize that our principal contribution in this area has been to apply pre-existing techniques from singularity theory, especially unfolding theory and classification theory, to bifurcation problems. Many ofthe ideas in this part of singularity theory were originally proposed by Rene Thom; the subject was then developed rigorously by John Matherand extended by V. I. Arnold. In applying this material to bifurcation problems, we were greatly encouraged by how weil the mathematical ideas of singularity theory meshed with the questions addressed by bifurcation theory. Concerning our title, Singularities and Groups in Bifurcation Theory, it should be mentioned that the present text is the first volume in a two-volume sequence. In this volume our emphasis is on singularity theory, with group theory playing a subordinate role. In Volume II the emphasis will be more balanced. Having made these remarks, Iet us set the context for the discussion of the strengths of the singularity theory approach to bifurcation. As we use the term, bifurcation theory is the study of equations with multiple solutions.

The years that have passed since the publication of the first edition of this book proved that the basic principles used to select and present the material made sense. The idea was to write a simple text that could serve as a seri­ ous introduction to the subject. Of course, the meaning of'simplicity'varies from person to person and from country to country. The word'introduction'contains even more ambiguity. To start reading this book, only a moder­ ate knowledge of linear algebra and calculus is required. Other preliminaries, qualified as'elementary'in modern mathematics, are explicitly formulated in the book. These include the Fredholm Alternative for linear systems and the multidimensional Implicit Function Theorem. Using these very limited tools, a framewo:k of notions, results, and methods is gradually built that allows one to read (and possibly write) scientific papers on bifurcations of nonlinear dynamical systems. Among other things, progress in the sciences means that mathematical results and methods that once were new become standard and routinely used by the research and development community. Hopefully, this edition of the book will contribute to this process. The book's structure has been kept intact. Most of the changes introduced reflect recent theoretical and software developments in which the author was involved. Important changes in the third edition can be summarized as follows. A new section devoted to the fold-flip bifurcation for maps has appeared in Chapter 9.

A ubiquitous tool in mathematical biology and chemical engineering, the chemostat often produces instabilities that pose safety hazards and adversely affect the optimization of bioreactive systems. Singularity theory and bifurcation diagrams together offer a useful framework for addressing these issues. Based on the authors'extensive work in this

The main idea of the present study is to demonstrate that the qualitative theory of diffe­ rential equations, when applied to problems in fluid-and gasdynamics, will contribute to the understanding of qualitative aspects of fluid flows, in particular those concerned with geometrical properties of flow fields such as shape and stability of its streamline patterns. It is obvious that insight into the qualitative structure of flow fields is of great importance and appears as an ultimate aim of flow research. Qualitative insight fashions our know­ ledge and serves as a good guide for further quantitative investigations. Moreover, quali­ tative information can become very useful, especially when it is applied in close corres­ pondence with numerical methods, in order to interpret and value numerical results. A qualitative analysis may be crucial for the investigation of the flow in the neighbourhood of singularities where a numerical method is not reliable anymore due to discretisation er­ rors being unacceptable. Up till now, familiar research methods -frequently based on rigorous analyses, careful nu­ merical procedures and sophisticated experimental techniques -have increased considera­ bly our qualitative knowledge of flows, albeit that the information is often obtained indirectly by a process of a careful but cumbersome examination of quantitative data. In the past decade, new methods are under development that yield the qualitative infor­ mation more directly. These methods, make use of the knowledge available in the qualitative theory of differen­ tial equations and in the theory of bifurcations.

The present monograph analyses the FitzHugh-Nagumo (F-N) model Le., the Cauchy problem for some generalized Van der Pol equation depending on three real parameters a, band c. This model, given in (1. 1. 17), governs the initiation of the cardiac impulse. The presence of the three parameters leads to a large variety of dy­ namics, each of them responsible for a specific functioning of the heart. For physiologists it is highly desirable to have aglobai view of all possible qualitatively distinct responses of the F-N model for all values of the pa­ rameters. This reduces to the knowledge of the global bifurcation diagram. So far, only a few partial results appeared and they were spread through­ out the literature. Our work provides a more or less complete theoretical and numerical investigation of the complex phase dynamics and bifurca­ tions associated with the F-N dynamical system. This study includes the static and dynamic bifurcations generated by the variation of a, band c and the corresponding oscillations, of special interest for applications. It enables one to predict all possible types of initiations of heart beats and the mechanism of transformation of some types of oscillations into others by following the dynamics along transient phase space trajectories. Of course, all these results hold for the F-N model. The global phase space picture enables one to determine the domain of validity of this model.

Bifurcation theory has made a very fast upswing in the last fifteen years. Roughly speaking it generalises to dynamic systems the pos­ sibility of mUltiple solutions, a possibility already recognised in static systems - physical, chemical, social - when operating far from their equilibrium states. It so happened that quite a few staff members of the Erasmus University Rotterdam were thinking along those lines about certain aspects of their disciplines. To have a number of specialists and potential'fans'convene to discuss various aspects of bifurcation­ al thinking, seemed a natural development. The resulting papers were judged to be of interest to a larger public, and as such are logically regrouped in this volume, one in a series of studies resulting from the activities of the Steering Committee on Interdisciplinary Studies of the Erasmus University, Rotterdam. Although the volume is perhaps multidisciplinary rather than interdisciplinary - the interdisciplinary aspect being only'latent'-, as a'soft'interdisciplinary exercise (the application of formal structures of one discipline to another) it has a right to interdisciplinary existence! This book could not have been published without a generous grant of the University Foundation of the Erasmus University Rotterdam, which allowed the conference to be held and the resulting papers to be published; that generosity is gratefully acknowledged.

An extension of different lectures given by the authors, Local Bifurcations, Center Manifolds, and Normal Forms in Infinite Dimensional Dynamical Systems provides the reader with a comprehensive overview of these topics. Starting with the simplest bifurcation problems arising for ordinary differential equations in one- and two-dimensions, this book describes several tools from the theory of infinite dimensional dynamical systems, allowing the reader to treat more complicated bifurcation problems, such as bifurcations arising in partial differential equations. Attention is restricted to the study of local bifurcations with a focus upon the center manifold reduction and the normal form theory; two methods that have been widely used during the last decades. Through use of step-by-step examples and exercises, a number of possible applications are illustrated, and allow the less familiar reader to use this reduction method by checking some clear assumptions. Written by recognised experts in the field of center manifold and normal form theory this book provides a much-needed graduate level text on bifurcation theory, center manifolds and normal form theory. It will appeal to graduate students and researchers working in dynamical system theory.

The?rst edition of this book was published in 2002 for an audience of applied mathematicians and engineers. The response to the?rst edition, represented by sev eral book reviews, has been most heartening. Accordingly, the second edition of this book maintains its major framework and serves as an expanded revision of our previous work. In the second edition, the theoretical backgrounds of group representation the ory are strengthened and made self contained, in response to a request of a book reviewer and students of the authors. Based on these strengthened backgrounds, a theory and a numerical procedure on block diagonalization are presented. Among a number of methodologies, block diagonalization analysis has come to be acknowl edged as a systematic and rigorous procedure for symmetry exploitation for the following two purposes: • Gain better insight into bifurcation behaviors via blockwise singularity detection. • Enhance the computational e?ciency and accuracy of the numerical analysis.

Fifteen years have elapsed after the second edition of Practical Bifurcation and Stability Analysis was published. During that time period the?eld of computational bifurcation has become mature. Today, bifurcation mec- nisms are widely accepted as decisive phenomena for explaining and - derstanding stability and structural change. Along with the high level of sophistication that bifurcation analysis has reached, the research on basic computational bifurcation algorithms is essentially completed, at least in - dinary di?erential equations. The focus has been shifting from mathematical foundations towards applications. The evolution from equilibrium to chaos has become commonplace and is no longer at the cutting edge of innovation. But the corresponding methods of practical bifurcation and stability analysis remain indispensable instruments in all applications of mathematics. This constant need for practical bifur- tion and stability analysis has stimulated an e?ort to maintain this book on a present-day level. The author's endeavor has resulted in this third edition. It is based on more than three decades of practical experience with the subject, and on many courses given at several universities.

Traditional analysis of dynamical systems has restricted its attention to smooth problems, but it has become increasingly clear that there are distinctive phenomena unique to discontinuous systems that can be analyzed mathematically but which fall outside the usual methodology for smooth dynamical systems. The primary purpose of this book is to present a coherent framework for understanding the dynamics of piecewise-smooth and hybrid systems. An informal introduction asserts the ubiquity of such models with examples drawn from mechanics, electronics, control theory and physiology. The main thrust is to classify complex behavior via bifurcation theory in a systematic yet applicable way. The key concept is that of a discontinuity-induced bifurcation, which generalizes diverse phenomena such as grazing, border-collision, sliding, chattering and the period-adding route to chaos. The results are presented in an informal style and illustrated with copious examples, both theoretical and experimental. Aimed at a wide audience of applied mathematicians, engineers and scientists at the early postgraduate level, the book assumes only the standard background of basic calculus and linear algebra for most of the presentation and will be an indispensable resource for students and researchers. The inclusion of a comprehensive bibliography and many open questions will also serve as a stimulus for future research.

Path following in combination with boundary value problem solvers has emerged as a continuing and strong influence in the development of dynamical systems theory and its application. It is widely acknowledged that the software package AUTO - developed by Eusebius J. Doedel about thirty years ago and further expanded and developed ever since - plays a central role in the brief history of numerical continuation. This book has been compiled on the occasion of Sebius Doedel's 60th birthday. Bringing together for the first time a large amount of material in a single, accessible source, it is hoped that the book will become the natural entry point for researchers in diverse disciplines who wish to learn what numerical continuation techniques can achieve. The book opens with a foreword by Herbert B. Keller and lecture notes by Sebius Doedel himself that introduce the basic concepts of numerical bifurcation analysis. The other chapters by leading experts discuss continuation for various types of systems and objects and showcase examples of how numerical bifurcation analysis can be used in concrete applications. Topics that are treated include: interactive continuation tools, higher-dimensional continuation, the computation of invariant manifolds, and continuation techniques for slow-fast systems, for symmetric Hamiltonian systems, for spatially extended systems and for systems with delay. Three chapters review physical applications: the dynamics of a SQUID, global bifurcations in laser systems, and dynamics and bifurcations in electronic circuits.

Technical problems often lead to differential equations with piecewise-smooth right-hand sides. Problems in mechanical engineering, for instance, violate the requirements of smoothness if they involve collisions, finite clearances, or stick-slip phenomena. Systems of this type can display a large variety of complicated bifurcation scenarios that still lack a detailed description.This book presents some of the fascinating new phenomena that one can observe in piecewise-smooth dynamical systems. The practical significance of these phenomena is demonstrated through a series of well-documented and realistic applications to switching power converters, relay systems, and different types of pulse-width modulated control systems. Other examples are derived from mechanical engineering, digital electronics, and economic business-cycle theory.The topics considered in the book include abrupt transitions associated with modified period-doubling, saddle-node and Hopf bifurcations, the interplay between classical bifurcations and border-collision bifurcations, truncated bifurcation scenarios, period-tripling and -quadrupling bifurcations, multiple-choice bifurcations, new types of direct transitions to chaos, and torus destruction in nonsmooth systems.In spite of its orientation towards engineering problems, the book addresses theoretical and numerical problems in sufficient detail to be of interest to nonlinear scientists in general.

During the last twenty years, a large number of books on nonlinear chaotic dynamics in deterministic dynamical systems have appeared. These academic tomes are intended for graduate students and require a deep knowledge of comprehensive, advanced mathematics. There is a need for a book that is accessible to general readers, a book that makes it possible to get a good deal of knowledge about complex chaotic phenomena in nonlinear oscillators without deep mathematical study.Chaos, Bifurcations and Fractals Around Us: A Brief Introduction fills that gap. It is a very short monograph that, owing to geometric interpretation complete with computer color graphics, makes it easy to understand even very complex advanced concepts of chaotic dynamics. This invaluable publication is also addressed to lecturers in engineering departments who want to include selected nonlinear problems in full time courses on general mechanics, vibrations or physics so as to encourage their students to conduct further study.

The authors consider applications of singularity theory and computer algebra to bifurcations of Hamiltonian dynamical systems. They restrict themselves to the case were the following simplification is possible. Near the equilibrium or (quasi-) periodic solution under consideration the linear part allows approximation by a normalized Hamiltonian system with a torus symmetry. It is assumed that reduction by this symmetry leads to a system with one degree of freedom. The volume focuses on two such reduction methods, the planar reduction (or polar coordinates) method and the reduction by the energy momentum mapping. The one-degree-of-freedom system then is tackled by singularity theory, where computer algebra, in particular, Gröbner basis techniques, are applied. The readership addressed consists of advanced graduate students and researchers in dynamical systems.

Dynamical bifurcation theory is concerned with the changes that occur in the global structure of dynamical systems as parameters are varied. This book makes recent research in bifurcation theory of dynamical systems accessible to researchers interested in this subject. In particular, the relevant results obtained by Chinese mathematicians are introduced as well as some of the works of the authors which may not be widely known. The focus is on the analytic approach to the theory and methods of bifurcations. The book prepares graduate students for further study in this area, and it serves as a ready reference for researchers in nonlinear sciences and applied mathematics.