Search

The monstrous has a long, complicated history within children's popular media. In Monstrous Youth: Transgressing the Boundaries of Childhood in the United States, Sara Austin traces the evolution of monstrosity as it relates to youth culture from the 1950s to the present day to spotlight the symbiotic relationship between monstrosity and the bodies and identities of children and adolescents. Examining comics, films, picture books, novels, television, toys and other material culture—including Monsters, Inc. and works by Mercer Mayer, Maurice Sendak, R. L. Stine, and Stephanie Meyer—Austin tracks how the metaphor of monstrosity excludes, engulfs, and narrates difference within children's culture. Analyzing how cultural shifts have drastically changed our perceptions of both what it means to be a monster and what it means to be a child, Austin charts how the portrayal and consumption of monsters corresponds to changes in identity categories such as race, sexuality, gender, disability, and class. In demonstrating how monstrosity is leveraged in service of political and cultural movements, such as integration, abstinence-only education, and queer rights, Austin offers insight into how monster texts continue to reflect, interpret, and shape the social discourses of identity within children's culture.

Monstruosité, altérité, marginalité font partie intégrante de l'oeuvre d'E. T. A. Hoffmann, écrivain romantique allemand anticonformiste, maître du fantastique, qui a exercé une forte influence à l'étranger, notamment sur Baudelaire en France et sur Poe en Amérique. Cet ouvrage analyse, à la lumière de certains personnages insolites, les procédés qu'il a utilisés pour créer un monde étrange et grotesque qui interroge sur le réel et sur les grandes problématiques contemporaines, comme celles de l'homme augmenté, de la transgression des normes et de l'acceptation des différences. Il met en évidence l'originalité et la clairvoyance de cet auteur pratiquant en permanence l'ironie, l'autodérision et le multiperspectivisme.

Les monstres ont toujours existé, et on les représente au moins depuis l'Antiquité. Pourtant, ce terme qui était populaire il y a quelques décennies à peine est rarement énoncé de nos jours, sauf – essentiellement – dans une perspective morale (ou moralisatrice). On peut néanmoins trouver un sens à la monstruosité ; mais comment la définir de la manière la plus neutre possible? On pourrait avancer, prudemment, qu'il s'agit d'un écart marqué par rapport à une norme qui elle-même varie en fonction du contexte culturel, social ou politique. Le Frankenstein de Mary Shelley, la figure la plus ancienne examinée dans cet ouvrage, sert un peu de fil conducteur à ce parcours qui s'attarde sur des oeuvres de fiction dans lesquelles le monstre est pensé par la science et la technologie, ou plutôt par leur imaginaire souvent débridé. Dans ce cadre précis, le fantasme du monstre permet de diverses façons de se pencher sur des concepts comme ceux d'hybridité, d'altérité, de cyborg, d'animalité humaine et sur des rapports plus complexes que prévu entre nature et culture. Penser le monstre comme une figure épistémique pour réfléchir aux savoirs de tous les temps : un but ambitieux, que l'auteur de cet essai atteint sans encombre.

Monströse Figuren spielen in mittelalterlichen Texten eine große Rolle, ihre Relevanz und insbesondere Funktionsweise als poetologische Reflexionsfiguren ist allerdings bisher nicht umfassend betrachtet worden. Anhand dreier mittelhochdeutscher Romane (Hartmanns von Aue Iwein, Heinrichs von dem Türlin Crône und Johanns von Würzburg Wilhelm von Österreich) wird die selbst- und literaturreflexive Dimension von monströsen Figuren herausgearbeitet. Die Polyfunktionalität von Monstern auf den verschiedenen Ebenen zwischen Handlung und Poetologie wird in Engführung von mittelalterlichen philosophisch-theologischen Diskursen und modernen medientheoretischen Ansätzen beschreibbar gemacht. Dazu wird ein Close Reading mit der Analyse intra- und intertextueller Bezüge und kulturwissenschaftlicher Dimensionen verbunden. Die Arbeit bietet Neulektüren zentraler Texte der Altgermanistik und leistet einen Beitrag zur Frage nach mittelalterlicher Theoriebildung und ihrer modernen Beschreibbarkeit.

Every culture knows the phenomenon of monsters, terrifying creatures that represent complete alterity and challenge every basic notion of self and identity within a cultural paradigm. In Latin and Greek culture, the monster was created as a marvel, appearing as something which, like transgression itself, did not belong to the assumed natural order of things. Therefore, it could only be created by a divinity responsible for its creation, composition, goals and stability, but it was triggered by some in- or non-human action performed by humans. The identification of something as monstrous denotes its place outside and beyond social norms and values. The monster-evoking transgression is most often indistinguishable from reactions to the experience of otherness, merging the limits of humanity with the limits of a given culture. The topic entails a large intersection among the cultural domains of law, literature, philosophy, anthropology, and technology. Monstrosity has indeed become a necessary condition of our existence in the 21st century: it serves as a representation of change itself. In the process of analysis there are three theoretical approaches: psychoanalytical, representational, ontological. The volume therefore aims at examining the concept of monstrosity from three main perspectives: technophobic, xenophobic, superdiversity. Today's globalized world is shaped in the unprecedented phenomenon of international migration. The resistance to this phenomenon causes the demonization of the Other, seen as the antagonist and the monster. The monster becomes therefore the ethnic Other, the alien. To reach this new perspective on monstrosity we must start by examining the many facets of monstrosity, also diachronically: from the philological origin of the term to the Roman and classical viewpoint, from the Renaissance medical perspective to the religious background, from the new filmic exploitations in the 20th and 21st centuries to the very recent ethnological and anthropological points of view, to the latest technological perspective, dealing with artificial intelligence.

Consisting of sixteen original essays by experts in the field, including leading and lesser-known international scholars, Global Frankenstein considers the tremendous adaptability and rich afterlives of Mary Shelley's iconic novel, Frankenstein, at its bicentenary, in such fields and disciplines as digital technology, film, theatre, dance, medicine, book illustration, science fiction, comic books, science, and performance art. This ground-breaking, celebratory volume, edited by two established Gothic Studies scholars, reassesses Frankenstein's global impact for the twenty-first century across a myriad of cultures and nations, from Japan, Mexico, and Turkey, to Britain, Iraq, Europe, and North America. Offering compelling critical dissections of reincarnations of Frankenstein, a generically hybrid novel described by its early reviewers as a “bold,” “bizarre,” and “impious” production by a writer “with no common powers of mind”, this collection interrogates its sustained relevance over two centuries during which it has engaged with such issues as mortality, global capitalism, gender, race, embodiment, neoliberalism, disability, technology, and the role of science.

Beowulf's presence on the popular cultural radar has increased in the past two decades, coincident with cultural crisis and change. Why? By way of a fusion of cultural studies, adaptation theory, and monster theory, Beowulf's Popular Afterlife examines a wide range of Anglo-American retellings and appropriations found in literary texts, comic books, and film. The most remarkable feature of popular adaptations of the poem is that its monsters, frequently victims of organized militarism, male aggression, or social injustice, are provided with strong motives for their retaliatory brutality. Popular adaptations invert the heroic ideology of the poem, and monsters are not only created by powerful men but are projections of their own pathological behavior. At the same time there is no question that the monsters created by human malfeasance must be eradicated.

The simplicity of children's picture books--stories told with illustrations and a few well chosen words or none at all--makes them powerful tools for teaching morals and personal integrity. Children follow the story and see the characters'behaviors on the page and interpret them in the context of their own lives. But unlike many picture books, most children's lives don't feature monsters. This collection of new essays explores the societally sanctioned behaviors imparted to children through the use of monsters and supernatural characters. Topics include monsters as instructors, the normalization of strangers or the'other,'fostering gender norms, and therapeutic monsters, among others.

Interroger le monstre comme altérité et essayer de le faire parler même dans ses silences, tel est l'objet de cette étude. Si le mot « bestiaire » nous déplace au Moyen Âge, la monstruosité, de son côté, s'est déployée surtout dans l'altérité fantastique moderne, dont les mythes fondateurs sont nés au XIXe siècle. En tant que confrontation à l'Autre, les trois enjeux principaux du monstre sont la peur, la mort et le mal. Le mal absolu est aujourd'hui représenté par la malignité dans l'homme et ses systèmes monstrueux. Finalement, entre le rire et la peur, nous sommes liés au monstre par la fascination.

This book studies the phenomena of monsters and marvels from the time of Pliny the Elder through the 14th century.

This book visits the'Thing'in its various manifestations as an unnameable monster in literature and film, reinforcing the idea that the very essence of the monster is its excess and its indeterminacy. Tied primarily to the artistic modes of the gothic, science fiction, and horror, the unnameable monster retains a persistent presence in literary forms as a reminder of the sublime object that exceeds our worst fears. Beville examines various representations of this elusive monster and argues that we must looks at the monster, rather than through it, at ourselves. As such, this book responds to the obsessive manner in which the monsters of literature and culture are ‘managed'in processes of classification and in claims that they serve a social function by embodying all that is horrible in the human imagination. The book primarily considers literature from the Romantic period to the present, and film that leans toward postmodernism. Incorporating disciplines such as cultural theory, film theory, literary criticism, and continental philosophy, it focuses on that most difficult but interesting quality of the monster, its unnameability, in order to transform and accelerate current readings of not only the monsters of literature and film, but also those that are the focus of contemporary theoretical discussion.

This engaging, readable yet impeccably scholarly investigation of monsters in Classical literature will entertain and stimulate as well as inform. It covers all the major mythical monsters mentioned by Greek and Roman authors (Medusa, Hydra, Polyphemus, the Minotaur, Sphinx, Harpies, Sirens, Cerberus, Chimaera, Centaurs, and many more) along with Classical precursors of vampires, werewolves and the living dead. Versions of these creatures that appear in later literature and film are also discussed.Mythical Monsters is original in considering monsters squarely from a literary standpoint, introducing elements of literary analysis gradually as the work progresses, and building up to quite a sophisticated approach. This will increase readers'critical appreciation and plain enjoyment of these stories, which continue to fascinate today. To facilitate browsing, each chapter can be read independently. There is a useful bibliography, and the book is enlivened by illustrations from ancient and more recent art.

Comment est-il possible qu'un monstre ait des enfants? Les filles et les fils de monstres peuvent-ils échapper à leur destin? A Rome, le thème des filiations violentes et monstrueuses est récurrent. De Lucrèce à Sénèque, de Catulle à Tacite, il traverse les débats philosophiques, nourrit les imaginaires poétiques et mythiques, oriente l'écriture de l'histoire.

Regarder le négatif d'une photographie confère au portrait un aspect monstrueux puisque le renversement des contrastes révèle un caractère insoupçonné. Tel est l'éclairage ici jeté sur les romans de Réjean Ducharme, afin que ressortent des nuances et des rapports jusqu'alors demeurés dans l'ombre. Ces romans, drôles, difficiles, violents et par moments illisibles, figurent le monstre en tant que personnage, mais aussi souvent en tant que système de normes monstrueux. Il faut voir comment, par les excès et la déviation qu'elles portent, ces œuvres repoussent et fascinent à la fois. Les monstres se classent selon un système que les romans eux-mêmes valorisent : celui des dictionnaires. Chaque lettre est sacrée dans le discours ducharmien et, par respect pour cette hiérarchie des lettres sur les mots, c'est l'ordre alphabétique qui permet de faire connaissance avec vingt-six monstres de Ducharme. L'abécédaire offre les seules cases, les seules entrées, que ces monstres veulent bien emprunter. Refusant farouchement les étiquettes, les monstres de Ducharme accepteront peut-être de loger à l'enseigne d'un A ou d'un Z.

The medieval monster is a slippery construct, and its referents include a range of religious, racial, and corporeal aberrations. In this study, Miller argues that one incarnation of monstrosity in the Middle Ages—the female body—exists in special relation to medieval teratology insofar as it resists the customary marginalization that defined most other monstrous groups in the Middle Ages. Though medieval maps located the monstrous races on the distant margins of the civilized world, the monstrous female body took the form of mother, sister, wife, and daughter. It was, therefore, pervasive, proximate, and necessary on social, sexual, and reproductive grounds. Miller considers several significant texts representing authoritative discourses on female monstrosity in the Middle Ages: the Pseudo-Ovidian poem, De vetula (The Old Woman); a treatise on human generation erroneously attributed to Albert the Great, De secretis mulierum (On the Secrets of Women), and Julian of Norwich's Showings. Through comparative analysis, Miller grapples with the monster's semantic flexibility while simultaneously working towards a composite image of late-medieval female monstrosity whose features are stable enough to define. Whether this body is discursively constructed as an Ovidian body, a medicalized body, or a mystical body, its corporeal boundaries fail to form properly: it is a body out of bounds.

Through a detailed unpacking of the castaway genre's appeal in English literature, Empire Islands forwards our understanding of the sociopsychology of British Empire. Rebecca Weaver-Hightower argues convincingly that by helping generations of readers to make sense of—and perhaps feel better about—imperial aggression, the castaway story in effect enabled the expansion and maintenance of European empire.Empire Islands asks why so many colonial authors chose islands as the setting for their stories of imperial adventure and why so many postcolonial writers “write back” to those island castaway narratives. Drawing on insightful readings of works from Thomas More's Utopia to Caribbean novels like George Lamming's Water with Berries, from canonical works such as Robinson Crusoe and The Tempest to the lesser-known A Narrative of the Life and Astonishing Adventures of John Daniel by Ralph Morris, Weaver-Hightower examines themes of cannibalism, piracy, monstrosity, imperial aggression, and the concept of going native. Ending with analysis of contemporary film and the role of the United States in global neoimperialism, Weaver-Hightower exposes how island narratives continue not only to describe but to justify colonialism.Rebecca Weaver-Hightower is assistant professor of English and postcolonial studies at the University of North Dakota.

The 1950s are widely regarded as the golden age of American science fiction. This book surveys a wide range of major science fiction novels and films from the long 1950s--the period from 1946 to 1964--when the tensions of the Cold War were at their peak. The American science fiction novels and films of this period clearly reflect Cold War anxieties and tensions through their focus on such themes as alien invasion and nuclear holocaust. In this sense, they resemble the observations of social and cultural critics during the same period.Meanwhile, American science fiction of the long 1950s also engages its historical and political contexts through an interrogation of phenomena, such as alienation and routinization, that can be seen as consequences of the development of American capitalism during this period. This economic trend is part of the rise of the global phenomenon that Marxist theorists have called late capitalism. Thus, American science fiction during this period reflects the rise of late capitalism and participates in the beginnings of postmodernism, described by Frederic Jameson as the cultural logic of late capitalism.

An innovative, beautifully written analysis of Mary Shelley's life and works which draws on unpublished archival material as well as Frankenstein and examines her relationship with her husband and other key personalities.