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The concept of a Bioeconomy – an economy that replaces fossil raw materials with biomass – has been widely promoted as a means to reduce environmental problems. Since the use of biomass itself has also been shown to have a negative environmental impact, a sustainable Bioeconomy is required. However, no definition or consistent use of the notion of sustainability has been established in EU law. Therefore, this study outlines the legal requirements of the principle of sustainability in EU law. It outlines the extent to which the principle of sustainability and the factual potential of a sustainable use of biomass are implemented in EU secondary law. This study proposes a legally substantiated, verifiable framework for consistently implementing sustainability in EU legislative procedures.