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جاء هذا البحث في الحماية المدنية متناولا براءات الاختراع والأسرار التجارية، من خلال التركيز على دعوى الحماية المدنية ونطاقها ومقوماتها وصورها ووسائل المطالبة بالتعويض عن الضرر الواقع عليهما نتيجة الاعتداء ولن يتم التطرق إلى موضوع الاختصاص القضائي أو الحماية الجزائية إلا في إطار ارتباطها بموضوع الدراسة، كما أنه تم التركيز على الموضوعات المشتركة في البراءات والأسرار التجارية، كما ستجيب هذه الدراسة عن العديد من التساؤلات في معرض المقارنة بين البراءات والأسرار التجارية ووسائل حمايتها، فالتشريعات المقارنة خصت البراءات بحماية جزائية خاصة ويترتب على انعقادها المسئولية المدنية، فما هي مقومات الحماية للأسرار التجارية، وهل يعتبر العقد وسيلة ناجعة للحماية، وفي حال غياب أي رابطة عقدية مع صاحب السر هل يمكن مساءلة الغير عن الاعتداء على سر تجاري استنادًا للقواعد العامة، وهل تستطيع الدعوى الخاصة المتمثلة بدعوى المنافسة غير المشروعة سد ما يعتري نظام الحماية للبراءات والأسرار التجارية من ثغرات؟

This collection reflects on contemporary and contentious issues in international rulemaking in regards to pharmaceutical patent law. With chapters from both well-established and rising scholars, the collection contributes to the understanding of the regulatory framework governing pharmaceutical patents as an integrated discipline through the assessment of relevant laws, trends and policy options. Focusing on patent law and related pharmaceutical regulations, the collection addresses the pressing issues governments face in an attempt to resolve policy dilemmas involving competing interests, needs and objectives. The common theme running throughout the collection is the need for policy and law makers to think and act in a systemic manner and to be more reflective and responsive in finding new solutions within and outside the patent system to the long-standing problems as well as emerging challenges

When submitting patent applications, patentees are disclosing huge amounts of technical knowledge that can be utilised for development. This book investigates whether it is possible to execute the disclosed technologies just by reading the patent application. Nefissa Chakroun argues that while TRIPS Agreement obliges inventors to disclose full and complete disclosure, patent information users lack the capacity to fully utilise such information for their economic development. Scrutinising the disclosure and the development function of the patent system, the book offers a critical analysis of the disclosure requirements of the patent system and an in-depth examination of ways of accessing and retrieving patent information. Chakroun articulates proposals for strengthening the disclosure and methods for enhancing retrieval and exploitation of the technological knowledge, including an integrated policy on how patent information could be better utilised for development. A plea for patent information as a significant source for development, this book is not only a valuable contribution to the literature but designed for policymakers at international and national levels to address core issues related to the exploitation of patent information for incremental innovation.

كتب قانونية اكاديمية

لم تدخل حقوق الملكية الفكرية في دائرة اهتمام اتفاقية جات 1947م، ومع ذلك اعترفت الاتفاقية بها ودعت كل دولة من الدول الأعضاء لاتخاذ التدابير اللازمة للتوافق مع القوانين التي تنظم حقوق الملكية الفكرية، ولكن مفاوضات الملكية الفكرية أسفرت عن اتفاقية التريبس التي عاجلت حقوق الملكية الفكرية ووضعت أحكاما خاصة بشأن القابلية للحصول على براءة الاختراع، وعلى هذا تناول الكاتب بحثه في أجزاء ثلاثة: براءة الاختراع وشروط منحها ومعايير أخذ البراءة، وحماية الاختراعات الناتجة عن التكنولوجيا الحيوية وحماية الأصناف النباتية.

Perspectives on Patentable Subject Matter brings together leading scholars to offer diverse perspectives on the question of which types of subject matter are even eligible for patent protection, setting aside the widely known requirement that a claimed invention avoid the prior art and be adequately disclosed. Some leading commentators and policy-making bodies and individuals envision patentable subject matter to include anything under the sun made by humans, others envision a range of restrictions for particular fields of endeavor, from business methods and computer software to matters involving life, such as DNA and methods for screening or treating disease. Employing approaches that are both theoretically rigorous and grounded in the real world, this book is well suited for practicing lawyers, managers, lawmakers and analysts, as well as academics researching or teaching in law schools, business schools, public policy schools, and in economics and political science departments.

The patent has emerged as a dominant force in 21st century economic policy. This book examines the impact of the BRICS and other emerging economies on the global patent framework and charts the phenomenal rise in the number of patents in some of these countries.Guided by three of the world's leading thinkers on patent law and development, a group of experts from around the world, including the BRICS and key developed country patent powers, examine critical issues raised by patent globalization. Is increasing use of the patent system in China, India, Brazil and other emerging markets part of a deeper change in world technological leadership? Do the established patent powers of Europe, Japan and the USA continue to lead regulatory development of patent systems or are new models being formed in emerging markets? What are the effects of patent globalization on regions like the Middle East, Africa and lower income areas of Asia? Through the answers to these questions, the reader is furnished with a rounded understanding of 21st century patent globalization and emerging market dynamics.This book will appeal to patent law specialists, as well as scholars interested in the intersection between patents, innovation and economic development. In particular, the in-depth analysis would also be useful for policy analysts within government or research institutes working on patent policy issues.Contributors include: F.M. Abbott, D. Borges Barbosa, C.M. Correa, P. Drahos, M. El Said, C. Fink, P. Gehl Sampath, K. Karachalios, R. Kher, J. Kuanpoth, A. Kudlinski, T. Payosova, P. Roffe, S.K. Sell, Y. Tamura, G. Van Overwalle, Y.A. Vawda, H. Zhang, W. Zhuang

Patent-Trolle verwenden die patentierte Erfindungsidee weder für eigene Produktionstätigkeiten noch sind sie erfinderisch tätig. Sie setzen die patentrechtlichen Ansprüche zwecks Aufbaus einer Drohkulisse strategisch ein. Ziel ist das Erreichen einer Situation, in welcher der Betroffene den Abschluss einer überhöhten Lizenzvereinbarung als die vorteilhafteste Lösung ansieht. Die Untersuchung widmet sich der Frage, ob das Patent-Trolling eine rechtsmissbräuchliche Verwendung des Patentrechtes darstellt. Hierzu werden anhand der patentrechtlichen Rechtfertigungstheorien und einer ökonomischen Betrachtung die Zielsetzungen des Patentrechtes herausgearbeitet, um die Auswirkungen des «Patent-Trollings» auf diese zu analysieren und Kriterien für einen Missbrauchstest zu entwickeln.

Intellectual property is a vital part of the global economy, accounting for about half of the GDP in countries like the United States. Innovation, competition, economic growth and jobs can all be helped or hurt by different approaches to this key asset class, where seemingly slight changes in the rules of the game can have remarkable impact. This book brings together diverse perspectives from the fields of law, economics, business and political science to explore the ways varying approaches to intellectual property can positively and negatively impact our economy and society. Employing approaches that are both theoretically rigorous and grounded in the real world, Perspectives on Commercializing Innovation is well suited for practising lawyers, managers, lawmakers and analysts, as well as academics conducting research or teaching in a range of courses in law schools, business schools and economics departments, at either the undergraduate or graduate level.

Der Verfasser erläutert den Patentschutz biotechnologischer Erfindungen sowie das koreanische Patentrecht im Rechtsvergleich zum deutschen und europäischen Patentrecht. Die vorliegende Untersuchung umfasst vier Teile: Im ersten Teil werden für Leser, die keine Kenntnisse von Biotechnologie haben, die naturwissenschaftlichen Grundlagen der Biotechnologie einschließlich von gegenwärtigen Techniken in diesem Bereich sowie Techniken im HGP behandelt, das darauf abzielte, das gesamte menschliche Genom zu entschlüsseln und die genetische Vielfalt des Menschen auszuleuchten. Im zweiten Teil wird der Patentschutz biotechnologischer Erfindungen nach koreanischem Patentrecht behandelt, wobei die Entwicklung des rechtlichen Schutzes biotechnologischer Erfindungen inklusive der 1998 bekanntgegebenen Biotechnologierichtlinie dargelegt wird. Im dritten Teil wird derjenige nach europäischem und deutschem Patentrecht beschrieben, wobei die historische Entwicklung des rechtlichen Schutzes biotechnologischer Erfindungen in Deutschland und in Europa mit wichtigen Entscheidungen vorgestellt wird. Vor allem wird 1998 im europäischen Rahmen von Europa die Richtlinie zum rechtlichen Schutz biotechnologischer Erfindungen bekanntgegeben. Sie soll in jedem europäischen Land innerhalb einer Frist von zwei Jahren umgesetzt werden. In Deutschland liegt nun der Umsetzungsentwurf vor, der aber noch nicht verabschiedet ist. Schließlich werden im vierten Teil die daraus gewonnenen Schlussfolgerungen und Aussichten aus rechtsvergleichender Sicht zusammengefasst.