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Preserving the legacy of one of the twentieth century's most influential advocates for peace and justice, The Papers of Martin Luther King, Jr., is described by one historian as being the'equivalent to a conversation'with King. To Save the Soul of America, the seventh volume of the anticipated fourteen-volume edition, provides an unprecedented glimpse into King's early relationship with President John F. Kennedy and his efforts to remain relevant in a protest movement growing increasingly massive and militant. Following Kennedy's inauguration in January 1961, King's high expectations for the new administration gave way to disappointment as the president hesitated to commit to comprehensive civil rights legislation. As the initial Freedom Ride catapulted King into the national spotlight in May, tensions with student activists affiliated with the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) were exacerbated after King refused to participate in subsequent freedom rides. These tensions became more evident after King accepted an invitation in December 1961 to help the SNCC-supported Albany Movement in southwest Georgia. King's arrests in Albany prompted widespread national press coverage for the protests there, but he left with minimal tangible gains. During 1962 King worked diligently to improve the effectiveness of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) by hiring new staff and initiating grassroots outreach. King also increased his influence by undertaking an overcrowded schedule of appearances, teaching a course at Morehouse College, and participating in an additional round of protests in Albany during July 1962. As King confronted these difficult challenges, he learned valuable lessons that would later impact his efforts to desegregate Birmingham, Alabama, in 1963.Preserving the legacy of one of the twentieth century's most influential advocates for peace and justice, The Papers of Martin Luther King, Jr., is described by one historian as being the'equivalent to a conversation'with King. To Save the Soul of Amer

Acclaimed by Ebony magazine as'one of those rare publishing events that generate as much excitement in the cloistered confines of the academy as they do in the general public,'The Papers of Martin Luther King, Jr. chronicles one of the twentieth century's most dynamic personalities and one of the nation's greatest social struggles. King's call for racial justice and his faith in the power of nonviolence to engender a major transformation of American society is movingly conveyed in this authoritative multivolume series. In Volume IV, with the Montgomery bus boycott at an end, King confronts the sudden demands of celebrity while trying to identify the next steps in the burgeoning struggle for equality. Anxious to duplicate the success of the boycott, he spends much of 1957 and 1958 establishing the Southern Christian Leadership Conference. But advancing the movement in the face of dogged resistance, he finds that it is easier to inspire supporters with his potent oratory than to organize a mass movement for social change. Yet King remains committed:'The vast possibilities of a nonviolent, non-cooperative approach to the solution of the race problem are still challenging indeed. I would like to remain a part of the unfolding development of this approach for a few more years.'King's budding international prestige is affirmed in March 1957, when he attends the independence ceremonies in Ghana, West Africa. Two months later his first national address, at the'Prayer Pilgrimage for Freedom,'is widely praised, and in June 1958, King's increasing prominence is recognized with a long-overdue White House meeting. During this period King also cultivates alliances with the labor and pacifist movements, and international anticolonial organizations. As Volume IV closes, King is enjoying the acclaim that has greeted his first book, Stride Toward Freedom, only to suffer a near-fatal stabbing in New York City.Acclaimed by Ebony magazine as'one of those rare publishing events that generate as much excitement in the cloistered confines of the academy as they do in the general public,'The Papers of Martin Luther King, Jr. chronicles one of the twe

More than two decades since his death, Martin Luther King, Jr.'s ideas—his call for racial equality, his faith in the ultimate triumph of justice, and his insistence on the power of nonviolent struggle to bring about a major transformation of American society—are as vital and timely as ever. The wealth of his writings, both published and unpublished, that constitute his intellectual legacy are now preserved in this authoritative, chronologically arranged, multi-volume edition. Faithfully reproducing the texts of his letters, speeches, sermons, student papers, and articles, this edition has no equal.Volume One contains many previously unpublished documents beginning with the letters King wrote to his mother and father during his childhood. We read firsthand his surprise and delight in his first encounter (during a trip to Connecticut) with the less segregated conditions in the North. Through his student essays and exams, we discover King's doubts about the religion of his father and we can trace his theological development. We learn of his longing for the emotional conversion experience that he witnessed others undergoing, and we follow his search to know God through study at theological seminaries. Throughout the first volume, we are treated to tantalizing hints of his mature rhetorical abilities, as in his 1945 letter to the Atlanta Constitution that spoke out against white racism.Each volume in this series contains an introductory essay that traces the biographical details of Dr. King's life during the period covered. Ample annotations accompany the documents. Each volume also contains a chronology of key events in his life and a'Calendar of Documents'that lists all important, extant documents authored by King or by others, including those that are not trnascribed in the document itself.The preparation of this edition is sponsored by the Martin Luther King, Jr. Center for Nonviolent Social Change in Atlanta with Stanford University and Emory University.More than two decades since his death, Martin Luther King, Jr.'s ideas—his call for racial equality, his faith in the ultimate triumph of justice, and his insistence on the power of nonviolent struggle to bring about a major transformation of American soc

This book is a work of press history that considers how the music press represented permissive social change for their youthful readership. Read by millions every week, the music press provided young people across the country with a guide to the sounds, personalities and controversies that shaped British popular music and, more broadly, British culture and society. By analysing music papers and oral history interviews with journalists and editors, Patrick Glen examines how papers represented a lucrative entertainment industry and mass press that had to negotiate tensions between alternative sentiments and commercial prerogatives. This book demonstrates, as a consequence, how music papers constructed political positions, public identities and social mores within the context of the market. As a result, descriptions and experiences of social change and youth were contingent on the understandings of class, gender, sexuality, race and locality.

The Paper War and the Development of Anglo-American Nationalisms, 1800-1825 offers fresh insight into the evolution of British and American nationalisms, the maturation of apologetics for slavery, and the early development of anti-Americanism, from approximately 1800 to 1830.

The complete texts of the documents that tell the story of the clashes and compromises that gave birth to the Unites States of America.Should the members of the government be elected by direct vote of the people? Should the government be headed by a single executive, and how powerful should that executive be? Should immigrants be allowed into the United States? How should judges be appointed? What human rights should be safe from government infringement? In 1787, these important questions and others were raised by such statesmen as Patrick Henry and John DeWitt as the states debated the merits of the proposed Constitution. Along with The Federalist Papers, this invaluable book documents the political context in which the Constitution was born. This volume includes the complete texts of the Anti-Federalist Papers and Constitutional Convention debates, commentaries, and an Index of Ideas. It also lists cross-references to its companion volume, The Federalist Papers, available in a Signet Classic edition. Edited and with an Introduction by Ralph Ketchum

For decades, media historians have heard of Harold Innis's unpublished manuscript exploring the history of communications—but very few have had an opportunity to see it. In this volume, editors and Innis scholars William J. Buxton, Michael R. Cheney, and Paul Heyer make widely accessible, for the first time, three core chapters from the legendary Innis manuscript.Here, Innis (1894-1952) examines the development of paper and printing from antiquity in Asia through to 16th century Europe. He demonstrates how the paper/printing nexus intersected with a broad range of other phenomena, including administrative structures, geopolitics, militarism, public opinion, aesthetics, cultural diffusion, religion, education, reception, production processes, technology, labor relations, and commerce, as well as the lives of visionary figures.Buxton, Cheney, and Heyer knit the chapters into a cohesive narrative and help readers navigate Innis's observations by summarizing the heavily detailed factual material that peppered the unpublished manuscript. They provide further context for Innis's arguments by adding annotations, references, and pertinent citations to his other writings. The end result is both a testament to Innis's status as a canonical figure in the study of communication and a surprisingly relevant contribution to how we might think about the current sea change in all aspects of social, cultural, political, and economic life stemming from the global shift to digital communication.

The ten papers in this volume were all presented at the first International Conference'The European Emblem', held in Glasgow in August, 1987 under the auspices of the Society for Emblem Studies.The conference included papers discussing most of the major European languages in which emblem books flourished, and the papers selected for the presented volume represent something of the variety and scope of current scholarship in this field.Subjects dealt with include a protoemblematic Latin translation of the Tabula Cebetis, the Emblematum Liber by Andreas Alciat, the earliest reception of the'Ars Emblematica'in Dutch, the career of Thomas Palmer, Daniel Cramers 80 Emblemata moralia nova, and the Emlimata of Polockij.The papers selected for this volume demonstrate the vigor and variety of work in this field, whilst also suggesting some of the directions and opportunities for further research.

A local story with profound national implications, now available as a paperback with a new preface by the author. Absentee owners. Single-minded concern for the bottom line. Friction between workers and management. Hostile takeovers at the hands of avaricious and unaccountable multinational interests. The story of America's industrial decline is all too familiar—and yet, somehow, still hard to fathom. Jamie Sayen spent years interviewing residents of Groveton, New Hampshire, about the century-long saga of their company town. The community's paper mill had been its economic engine since the early twentieth century. Purchased and revived by local owners in the postwar decades, the mill merged with Diamond International in 1968. It fell victim to Anglo-French financier James Goldsmith's hostile takeover in 1982, then suffered through a series of owners with no roots in the community until its eventual demise in 2007. Drawing on conversations with scores of former mill workers, Sayen reconstructs the mill's human history: the smells of pulp and wood, the injuries and deaths, the struggles of women for equal pay and fair treatment, and the devastating impact of global capitalism on a small New England town. This is a heartbreaking story of the decimation of industrial America.

This book examines the British Admiralty's engagement with science and technological innovation in the nineteenth century. It is a book about people, and gross misunderstanding, about the dreams and disappointments of scientific workers and inventors in relation to the administrators who adjudicated their requests for support, and about the power of paper to escalate arguments, reduce opinions, and frustrate hopes. From instructions for naval surveying to debates about rewards to civilians for inventions, Paper Navigators puts a wide range of primary sources in the context of public debates and explores the British Admiralty's engagement with, decision-making around, and management of questions of value, support, and funding with citizen inventors, the broader public, and their own employees. Concentrating on the Admiralty's private, internal correspondence to explore these themes, it offers a fresh perspective on the Victorian Navy's history of innovation and exploration and is a novel addition to literature on the history of science in the nineteenth century.

The volume is a cross-section of contributions to the Glasgow International Emblem Conference 1990, and demonstrates the range of research currently under way into the emblem tradition in the Renaissance and Baroque periods and the variety of its development across the centuries in many European countries.The seventeen papers are arranged here in broad national and thematic groupings, showing the emblem tradition in France, Italy, the Low Countries, Germany, Britain, within the field of alchemy, and extending into wider European traditions. The volume is generously illustrated, and an index is provided for the orientation of the reader.An impression of the richness of the European emblem tradition is given for the general reader, whilst the specialist is provided with a comprehensive insight into the many and varied strands of current emblem research and the diversity of approach adopted by scholars internationally.

Absentee owners. Single-minded concern for the bottom line. Friction between workers and management. Hostile takeovers at the hands of avaricious and unaccountable multinational interests. The story of America's industrial decline is all too familiar—and yet, somehow, still hard to fathom. Jamie Sayen spent years interviewing residents of Groveton, New Hampshire, about the century-long saga of their company town. The community's paper mill had been its economic engine since the early twentieth century. Purchased and revived by local owners in the postwar decades, the mill merged with Diamond International in 1968. It fell victim to Anglo-French financier James Goldsmith's hostile takeover in 1982, then suffered through a series of owners with no roots in the community until its eventual demise in 2007. Drawing on conversations with scores of former mill workers, Sayen reconstructs the mill's human history: the smells of pulp and wood, the injuries and deaths, the struggles of women for equal pay and fair treatment, and the devastating impact of global capitalism on a small New England town. This is a heartbreaking story of the decimation of industrial America.

The late Byzantine period (thirteenth to fifteenth centuries) was marked by both cultural fecundity and political fragmentation, resulting in an astonishingly multifaceted literary output. This book addresses the poetry of the empire's final quarter-millennium from a broad perspective, bringing together studies on texts originating in places from Crete to Constantinople and from court to school, treating topics from humanist antiquarianism to pious self-help, and written in styles from the vernacular to Homeric language. It thus offers a reference work to a much-neglected but rich textual material that is as varied as it was potent in the sociocultural contexts of its times. Contributors are Theodora Antonopoulou, Marina Bazzani, Julián Bértola, Martin Hinterberger, Krystina Kubina, Marc D. Lauxtermann, Florin Leonte, Ugo Mondini, Brendan Osswald, Giulia M. Paoletti, Cosimo Paravano, Daniil Pleshak, Alberto Ravani, and Federica Scognamiglio.

Friendship (philia) is a complex and multi-faceted concept that is frequently attested in ancient Greek literature and thought. It is also an important social phenomenon and an institution that features in classical Greek social, cultural, and intellectual history. This collected volume seeks to complement the extensive modern scholarship on this topic by shedding light on complementary representations, nuances and tensions of friendship in a range of different sources, literary, epigraphic, and visual. It offers a broad overview of the contours of this important social phenomenon and helps the reader get a glimpse of its depth and richness.

Excerpt from Who Were the Early Settlers of Maryland: A Paper Read Before the'Maryland Historical Society,'at Its Meeting Held Thursday Evening, October 5, 1865 (Classic Reprint)IF this question be answered in reference to individuals, we are shown that Kent Island, in the Chesapeake Bay, the first settlement in what is now the State of Maryland, was settled under the proprietorship of William Claiborne, a member of the Council and Secretary of State, of the Virginia Colony. But the names of the individual settlers under him during the first five years, have not come down to us.

A monastic artist with an unusual enthusiasm of male buttocks and genitalia; a nun bringing her spinning equipment from her home in the south to her new convent in the north; the riddle of a carved archer bearing a book instead of arrows; a bishop's ring hiding in its design symbols of the essential aspects of the Christian faith: these are some of the secrets of early medieval personal and public worship uncovered in this book. In tribute to a scholar who is herself a polymath of early medieval studies, these chapters explore approaches which have particularly engaged her: stone sculpture; text; textiles; manuscript art; metalwork; and archaeology. With a brief foreword by Professor Dame Rosemary Cramp. Contributors are Richard N. Bailey, Michelle P. Brown, Peter Furniss, Jane Hawkes, David A. Hinton, Maren Clegg Hyer, Catherine E. Karkov, Alexandra Lester-Makin, Christina Lee, Donncha MacGabhann, Éamonn Ó Carragáin, Gale R. Owen-Crocker, Frances Pritchard, and Penelope Walton Rogers.

This edited volume represents the research results of two international conferences organized and sponsored by the Annemarie Schimmel Kolleg:'Environmental Approaches in Pre-Modern Middle Eastern Studies'and'Material Culture Methods in the Middle Islamic Periods'. The following work consists of three parts, which correspond to the themes of the aforementioned conferences (Contributions to Environmental History and Material Culture Studies) and a third which bridges the gap between the two approaches (Practice and Knowledge Transfer). The present contributions cover a wide range of such topics as urban pollution, local perceptions of weather, rural estate economy, Sufi understandings of nature and the body and mind, houses and socialization, text and gardens, local know-how and interdependence in medieval Syrian agriculture, crop selection and the medieval agricultural economy.

This book focusses on the instruments, practices, and materialities produced by various authorities to monitor, regulate, and identify migrants in European cities from the sixteenth to the twentieth centuries. Whereas research on migration regulation typically looks at local policies for the early modern period and at state policies for the contemporary period, this book avoids the stalemate of modernity narratives by exploring a long-term genealogy of migration regulation in which cities played a pivotal role. The case studies range from early modern Venice, Stockholm and Constantinople, to nineteenth- and twentieth-century port towns and capital cities such as London and Vienna.

History is one of the main aspects that shapes a country's culture and leaves its traces on the built environment in the form of an architectural heritage. Such a heritage records the existence of humans, their past endeavours and in doing so preserves their cultures and traditions for future generations and contributes to the formation of their identities by acting as an inspiration for their architectural achievements. From this perspective, conservation of architectural heritage becomes important to both current and future architectural endeavours. This book discusses several topics of great importance and relevance to the conservation of worldwide architectural heritage. From historic cities and cultural landscapes to some of the largest archaeological sites in the world, conserving such a legacy is a challenging task that requires commitment, effort and international cooperation that this book proves possible. The book has an abundance of information thatundoubtedly covers major areas in the field of architecture heritage. It discusses the challenges faced in the field and demonstrates the importance of such an undertaking to individuals, communities, and cities'identity all over the world. It also highlights the role of individuals and organizations in the precise and complex process of conserving architectural heritage.

'This book charts the vicissitudes of a rural community of papermakers in Sichuan. The process of transforming bamboo into paper involves production-related and social skills, as well as the everyday skills that allowed these papermakers to survive in an era of tumultuous change. The Chinese revolution—understood as a series of interconnected political, social, and technological transformations—was, Jacob Eyferth argues, as much about the redistribution of skill, knowledge, and technical control as it was about the redistribution of land and political power. The larger context for this study is the “rural–urban divide”: the institutional, social, and economic cleavages that separate rural people from urbanites. This book traces the changes in the distribution of knowledge that led to a massive transfer of technical control from villages to cities, from primary producers to managerial elites, and from women to men. It asks how a vision of rural people as unskilled has affected their place in the body politic and contributed to their disenfranchisement. By viewing skill as a contested resource, subject to distribution struggles, it addresses the issue of how revolution, state-making, and marketization have changed rural China.'

Inspired by the work and legacy of Francesca Carnevali, this collection brings together new research into nineteenth- and twentieth-century British and European economic history, socio-cultural history and business history.This collection brings together new research into nineteenth- and twentieth-century British and European economic history, socio-cultural history and business history. It is inspired by the work and legacy of Francesca Carnevali who, throughout her career, encouraged a lively dialogue between these different disciplines. The book offers innovative views and perspectives on key debates and emphasises the connections between economic environments and wider social and cultural elements. It also considers methodological issues and emerging approaches in economic history. Topics include banks and business finance in the nineteenth century, mass-market retailing and class demarcations, economic microhistory, and comparative history and capitalism. Economic, business, social and cultural historians alike will find it of interest. PAOLO DI MARTINO is Senior Lecturer in International Business History at the Birmingham Business School, University of Birmingham. ANDREW POPP is Professor of Business History at the University of Liverpool. PETER SCOTT is Professor of International Business History at the University of Reading's Henley Business School and Director of Henley's Centre for International Business History. CONTRIBUTORS: Andrea Colli, Paolo Di Martino, Leslie Hannah, Matthew Hilton, Ken Lipartito, Lucy Newton, Andrew Popp, Peter Scott, Anna Spadavecchia, James Walker, Chris Wickham

The Value of Money celebrates the power of using monetary objects to explore history. This richly illustrated book features over 175 objects from the Smithsonian National Museum of American History's National Numismatic Collection. With objects from every inhabited continent, spanning more than 2,600 years, this book showcases the National Numismatic Collection's unique strengths, including the geographic and chronological diversity of the collection and the stunning rarities it contains. The companion volume to a major exhibition of the same name, this book examines the origins of money, new monetary technologies, the political and cultural messages money conveys, numismatic art and design, and the practice of collecting money. The Value of Money connects American history to global histories of exchange, cultural interaction and expression, political change, and innovation.

Life Configurations focuses on the analysis and reflection on the various forms in which human beings imagine, design, conjecture, and plan their ‍“becoming”, that is to say their lives. Case studies written by an interdisciplinary circle of well-known academics explore how the capacity of designing life, the concept of free will, and the methods to calculate the future have been changed and adopted in different societies and in different ages.

These studies develop a more open way of reading China's traditional narrative literature, in which publishing culture, religious culture, historical circumstance and social institutions all play a part. The concept of vernacular culture is discussed in broad terms and explored through particular examples.This volume, which marks Glen Dudbridge's retirement as Shaw Professor of Chinese at Oxford University, brings together fourteen of his research papers published over more than thirty years. They form three themed groups: books and publishing; medieval narrative and religious culture; vernacular culture. Each group presents a mixture of discursive pieces with more technical and empirical research, and most of the papers also have links that reach across the division into groups.

An incisive account of the crucial role money played in the formation and development of British North America. Promise to Pay follows America's first paper money—the “bills of credit” of British North America—from its seventeenth-century origins as a means of war finance to its pivotal role in catalyzing the American Revolution. Katie A. Moore combs through treasury records, account books, and the bills themselves to tell a new story of money's origins that challenges economic orthodoxy and mainstream histories. Promise to Pay shows how colonial governments imposed paper bills on settler communities through existing labor and kinship relations, their value secured by thousands of individual claims on the public purse—debts—and the state's promise to take them back as payment for taxes owed. Born into a world of hierarchy and deference, early American money eroded old social ties and created new asymmetries of power, functioning simultaneously as a ticket to the world of goods, a lifeline for those on the margins, and a tool of imperial domination. Grounded in sustained engagement with scholarship from multiple disciplines, Promise to Pay breathes new life into old debates and offers an incisive account of the centrality of money in the politics and conflicts of empire, community, and everyday life.

Presents the first comprehensive examination of daily and weekly newspapers in Scotland in the century after 1850 Considers the city-based daily papers and the many local weeklies, which were the most extensively read papers throughout most of the period, containing international and national commentary as well as local reports Captures the tone of the papers by focusing on such issues as the American Civil War, parliamentary reform, changing attitudes to politics, empire and social change Considers issues that were regarded as being distinctively Scottish such as attitudes towards education, democracy and religion and how far Scottish newspapers contributed or undermined to the idea of a distinct Scottish identity Examines growth of group ownership of Scottish papers in the 20th century and the reduced role of the local weekly press in shaping opinion and the extent of how far, by the 1940s, papers had changed from those in the 19th century Filling a significant gap in the history of the Scottish press and in Scottish social history, this book draws on a range of sources. It examines the great expansion of Scottish newspapers, following the removal of the ‘taxes on knowledge'through to the mid-20th century. W. Hamish Fraser provides the historical basis for meaningful, in-depth study of many different aspects of the Scottish press and adds a new dimension to Scottish historical studies. Through an extensive search of newspapers, the use of local history material and of the limited business and organisational records that are available, he gathers little-known information on the world of Scottish journalism and on the people who provided the mass of the population with their news and tried to shape their attitudes. By focusing on different regions, he moves away from earlier rather sweeping generalisations on a key part of the media in Scotland, and he assesses the extent of continuity and change in a crucial century.

A sweeping behind-the-scenes look at the last four turbulent decades of “the paper of record,” The New York Times, as it confronted world-changing events, internal scandals, and faced the existential threat of the internet “An often enthralling chronicle [that] delivers the gossipy goods... Like Robert Caro's biographies, [The Times] should appeal to anyone interested in power.”—Los Angeles TimesA KIRKUS REVIEWS BEST BOOK OF THE YEARFor over a century, The New York Times has been an iconic institution in American journalism, one whose history is intertwined with the events that it chronicles—a newspaper read by millions of people every day to stay informed about events that have taken place across the globe.In The Times, Adam Nagourney, who's worked at The New York Times since 1996, examines four decades of the newspaper's history, from the final years of Arthur “Punch” Sulzberger's reign as publisher to the election of Donald Trump in November 2016. Nagourney recounts the paper's triumphs—the coverage of September 11, the explosion of the U.S. Challenger, the scandal of a New York governor snared in a prostitution case—as well as failures that threatened the paper's standing and reputation, including the discredited coverage of the war in Iraq, the resignation of Judith Miller, the plagiarism scandal of Jayson Blair, and the high-profile ouster of two of its executive editors.Drawing on hundreds of interviews and thousands of documents and letters contained in the newspaper's archives and the private papers of editors and reporters, The Times is an inside look at the essential years that shaped the newspaper. Nagourney paints a vivid picture of a divided newsroom, fraught with tension as it struggled to move into the digital age, while confronting its scandals, shortcomings, and swelling criticism from conservatives and many of its own readers alike. Along the way we meet the memorable personalities—including Abe Rosenthal, Max Frankel, Howell Raines, Joe Lelyveld, Bill Keller, Jill Abramson, Dean Baquet, Punch Sulzberger and Arthur Sulzberger Jr.—who shaped the paper as we know it today. We see the battles between the newsroom and the business operations side, the fight between old and new media, the tension between journalists who tried to hold on to the traditional model of a print newspaper and a new generation of reporters who are eager to embrace the new digital world.Immersive, meticulously researched, and filled with powerful stories of the rise and fall of the men and women who ran the most important newspaper in the nation, The Times is a definitive account of the most pivotal years in New York Times history.

Slaves were property of their dominus, objects rather than persons, without rights: These are some components of our basic knowledge about Roman slavery. But Roman slavery was more diverse than we might assume from the standard wording about servile legal status. Numerous inscriptions as well as literary and legal sources reveal clear differences in the social structure of Roman slavery. There were numerous groups and professions who shared the status of being unfree while inhabiting very different worlds. The papers in this volume pose the question of whether and how legal texts reflected such social differences within the Roman servile community. Did the legal system reinscribe social differences, and if so, in what shape? Were exceptions created only in individual cases, or did the legal system generate privileges for particular groups of slaves? Did it reinforce and even promote social differentiation? All papers probe neuralgic points that are apt to challenge the homogeneous image of Roman slave law. They show that this law was a good deal more colourful than historical research has so far assumed. The authors'primary concern is to make this legal diversity accessible to historical scholarship.

This book provides the definitive account of the making of the 1942 Beveridge Report and its influence on wartime and post-war social policy. The Beveridge Report: Blueprint for the Welfare State aims to offer a definitive analysis of the famous document, so influential in the founding of the Welfare State and the National Health Service, which still resonates in current debates about ‘getting back to Beveridge'and a ‘Beveridge for the 21st Century'. It is based on extensive research into the papers of the Beveridge Committee, official Government archives and the papers of contemporary politicians and groups. Published to coincide with the Report's 80th anniversary, the book is treated as a case study in policy formulation during the 1940s. Key features of the book include The first systematic review and assessment of the work of the Beveridge Committee and the evidence submitted to it Detailed analysis of the enthusiastic reception of the Report and the government's lukewarm attitude A full survey of the detailed planning for welfare reform and Beveridge's role when excluded from it An assessment of the influence of Beveridge upon the creation of the Welfare State by Attlee's Labour Government This important book will be of interest to scholars of twentieth-century British, social history, political history and contemporary politics and comparative health and education systems. Derek Fraser is Emeritus Professor at the University of Teesside, where he served as Vice-Chancellor for 11 years.

Chajim H. Steinthal (1823-1899) was one of the most important philosophical linguists and teachers of the āScience of Judaismā. His multilayered and diverse scholarly works sprang from the solid foundation of an exceptionally broad and comprehensive education. Among other things, together with Moritz Lazarus he founded the discipline of Völkerpsychologie (psychology of nations). Steinthal taught mainly at the University of Berlin and the Hochschule (later Lehranstalt) für die Wissenschaft des Judentums.The volume contains the results of an interdisciplinary conference organized by the Leopold Zunz Centre for the Study of European Judaism (LEUCOREA Foundation, Wittenberg), the Synagogue Museum Groebzig and the Konrad Adenauer Foundation. It presents papers in the fields of linguistics, philosophy, Jewish studies and history as well as an inventory of Steinthal's papers in Jerusalem.Contributions by: Dieter Adelmann, Ingrid Belke, Craig Christy, Ivan Kalmar, Bogdan Kovtyk, Cornelie Kunze, Joan Leopold, Hans-Ulrich Lessing, Marion Méndez, Manfred Ringmacher, Silke Schaeper, Hartwig Wiedebach, Giuseppe Veltri.

Hope is not only a rich and complex topic, but one which deserves a central place within our collective disciplinary and social dialogue. With this awareness in mind, the Sixth Global Conference on Hope: Probing the Boundaries was held in Prague, Czech Republic from 14-16 March 2014. This volume presents a collection of the papers presented, and is divided into four parts: papers that focus on philosophical themes, papers which explore healing and motivation, contributions withing spirituality and pedagogy; and literary and cinematic evocations of hope.

This collection of essays on cultural astronomy celebrates the life and work of Clive Ruggles, Emeritus Professor of Archaeoastronomy at Leicester University. Taking their lead from Ruggles'work, the papers present new research focused on three core themes in cultural astronomy: methodology, case studies, and heritage. Through this framework, they show how the study of cultural astronomy has evolved over time and share new ideas to continue advancing the field.Ruggles'work in these areas has had a profound impact on the way that scholars approach evidence of the role of sky in both ancient and modern cultures. While the papers span many time periods and regions, they are closely connected by these three major themes, presenting methodological investigations of how we can approach archaeological, textual, and ethnographic evidence; describing detailed archaeoastronomical case studies; or stressing the importance of global heritage management.This work will appeal to researchers and scholars interested in the history and development of cultural astronomy.

Dialectic as the doctrine/art of disputing for and against a given thesis held a central position at the medieval schools and universities. The intensive examination of medieval manuscript sources in recent years has revealed the fertility and subtlety of scholastic thinking and its relevance to the modern study of logic and the philosophy of language. The contributions to this volume focus on a series of questions which were central to scholastic logic, the questions concerning the validity of argumentation and proof.The 35 papers - written partly in English and partly in German - range from examinations of basic questions of syntax and semantics and of the theory of inference through presentations of the rules which define logical consistency, to treatments on the use of logic in the natural sciences, in practical discourse and in theology. Some of the texts being thoroughly analysed and interpreted are edited in this volume for the first time.The authors include most of the established experts in the field and their papers provide a survey of the current state of research in both its historical and systematic aspects. The parallel English and German introductions by the editor link the individual papers to give an introduction to the scholastic theory of argumentation, which should also be comprehensible to non-specialists.

Despite recent research, the 19th-century history of domestic service in empire and its wider implications is underexplored. This book sheds new light on servants and their masters in the British Empire, and in doing so offers new discourses on the colonial home, imperial society identities and colonial culture. Using a wide range of source material, from private papers to newspaper articles, official papers and court records, Dussart explores the strategic nature of the relationship, the connection between imperialism, domesticity and a master/servant paradigm that was deployed in different ways by varied actors often neglected in the historical record. Positioned outside the family but inside the private place of the home,'the domestic servant'was often the foil against which 19th-century contemporaries worked out class, race and gender identities across metropole and colony, creating those places in the process. The role of domestic servants in empire thus lay not only in the labour they undertook, but also in the way the servant-master relationship constituted ground that helped other power relations to be imagined and contested.Dussart explores the domestic service relationship in 19th-century Britain and India, considering how ideas about servants and their masters and/or mistresses spanned imperial space, and shaped peoples and places within it.

In the Footsteps of Flora Tristan is the first ever study devoted to Jules Puech (1879–1957), and is a double biography that examines his life's work on Flora Tristan (1803–1844), feminist and socialist. It begins by examining newly found press reports of Flora Tristan during her lifetime and subsequently, then positions Puech's discovery of her, as a postgraduate student in Paris in the 1900s. It continues with an account of how he embarked on the first in-depth biography published in 1925. Puech was unmatched in his expertise as a writer on Flora Tristan having discovered her papers through his numerous political connections and having become a historian of Proudhon's legacy on the international aspirations of the labour movement. Together with his wife Marie-Louise Puech, née Milhau (1876-1966), suffragist feminist, he was a militant in the early twentieth-century pacifist movement that advocated international arbitration. His research on Flora Tristan was enriched by his other projects but was thwarted by the wars of 1914–1918 and 1940–1945. The circumstances of the long gestation of Puech's biography are drawn from his letters and papers, hitherto unseen. The correspondence curated brings a new understanding to the multi-faceted nature of Puech's activism and rate of progress in the publication of his findings on his subject, Flora Tristan.

International scholarship is increasingly aware that the ‘geographical tradition'is a contentious and contested field: while critical reflections on the imperial past of the discipline are still ongoing, new tendencies including de-colonial studies and geographies of internationalism are focusing on the progressive aspects of plural geographical traditions. This volume contains selected papers presented at two Symposia of the Commission on the History of Geography of the International Geographical Union within the 25th International Congress of History of Science and Technology which took place in Rio de Janeiro in July 2017.The papers address processes of ‘decolonising'and ‘internationalising'science in the 19th and 20th century, with a special emphasis on geography. Internationalization, circulation and dissemination of geographical concepts and ideas are in the focus. The volume includes case studies on Latin America, tropical regions as well as Europe and Japan. Thereis also an emphasis on the history of international congresses and organizations and on the international circulation of knowledge.

Movable books are an innovative area of children's publishing. Commonly equated with spectacular pop-ups, movable books have a little-known history as interactive, narrative media. Since they are hybrid artifacts consisting of words, images and movable components, they cross the borders between story, toy, and game. Interactive Books is a historical and comparative study of early movable books in relation to the children who engage with them. Jacqueline Reid-Walsh focuses on the period movable books became connected with children from the mid-17th to the early-19th centuries. In particular, she examines turn-up books, paper doll books, and related hybrid experiments like toy theaters and paignion (or domestic play set) produced between 1650 and 1830. Despite being popular in their own time, these artifacts are little known today. This study draws attention to a gap in our knowledge of children's print culture by showing how these artifacts are important in their own right. Reid-Walsh combines archival research with children's literature studies, book history, and juvenilia studies. By examining commercially produced and homemade examples, she explores the interrelations among children, interactive media, and historical participatory culture. By drawing on both Enlightenment thinkers and contemporary digital media theorists Interactive Books enables us to think critically about children's media texts paper and digital, past and present.

This monograph celebrates the life of a remarkable man of Regency times – the banker, brewer, wine merchant and hop factor Timothy Brown. Its publication also serves to mark the bicentenary of his elevation to Master of the Worshipful Company of Brewers, in 1817. Brown was as well known for his advanced, reformist views in the politics of the day –earning him the soubriquet ‘Equality'Brown – as for his acts of philanthropy and Radical patronage. A self-declared deist, dissenter and anti-Hanoverian during the tempestuous early 1800s, he regularly hosted soirées for free-thinking politicians, philosophers and literati at Peckham Lodge, his London home. Brown counted among his friends and acquaintances such personalities as the controversial clergyman John Horne Tooke, the Rural Rides author William Cobbett, the anarchist William Godwin, the colourful reformist Sir Francis Burdett Couttsand the Whig advocates Lords Thurlow and Erskine. With the constant threat of Napoleonic invasion hanging in the air, Brown regularly found himself under surveillance by the authorities on account of his known socio-political views and for subscribing to supposedly seditious foreign papers. Always discreet, however, he avoided arrest – and went on to accumulate considerable wealth and to finance publications such as ‘that organ of infidel philosophy'The Theologica lInquirer and the third part oThomas Paine´s The Age of Reason. This monograph celebrates the life of a remarkable man of Regency times – the banker, brewer, wine merchant and hop factor Timothy Brown. Its publication also serves to mark the bicentenary of his elevation to Master of the Worshipful Company of Brewers, in 1817. Brown was as well known for his advanced, reformist views in the politics of the day –earning him the soubriquet ‘Equality'Brown – as for his acts of philanthropy and Radical patronage. A self-declared deist, dissenter and anti-Hanoverian during the tempestuous early 1800s, he regularly hosted soirées for free-thinking politicians, philosophers and literati at Peckham Lodge, his London home. Brown counted among his friends and acquaintances such personalities as the controversial clergyman John Horne Tooke, the Rural Rides author William Cobbett, the anarchist William Godwin, the colourful reformist Sir Francis Burdett Couttsand the Whig advocates Lords Thurlow and Erskine. With the constant threat of Napoleonic invasion hanging in the air, Brown regularly found himself under surveillance by the authorities on account of his known socio-political views and for subscribing to supposedly seditious foreign papers. Always discreet, however, he avoided arrest – and went on to accumulate considerable wealth and to finance publications such as ‘that organ of infidel philosophy'The Theologica lInquirer and the third part oThomas Paine´s The Age of Reason.

The five authoritive papers presented here are the product of long careers of research into Anglo-Saxon culture. In detail the subject areas and approaches are very different, yet all are cross-disciplinary and the same texts and artefacts weave through several of them. Literary text is used to interpret both history and art; ecclesiastical-historical circumstances explain the adaptation of usage of a literary text; wealth and religious learning, combined with old and foreign artistic motifs are blended into the making of new books with multiple functions; religio-socio-economic circumstances are the background to changes in burial ritual. The common element is transformation, the Anglo-Saxon ability to rework older material for new times and the necessary adaptation to new circumstances. The papers originated as five recent Toller Memorial Lectures hosted by the Manchester Centre for Anglo-Saxon Studies (MANCASS).

Plant Here the Standard tells the story of the world's oldest evening newspaper, the (London) Evening Standard. Commencing in the time of Oliver Cromwell, it traces the history of the Baldwin Family, fearless Protestant publishers, whose successors launched The Standard in 1827. Later owners of the paper were to include: C.Arthur Pearson, founder of the Daily Express; Lord Beaverbrook; and, now, Lord Rothermere. And throughout there are tales of the paper's scoops, its famous journalists and cartoonists, and its political involvements.

Named'Top 6'South Asia studies publications of 2016 by the British Association for South Asian StudiesThe Alchemy of Empire unravels the non-European origins of Enlightenment science. Focusing on the abject materials of empire-building, this study traces the genealogies of substances like mud, mortar, ice, and paper, as well as forms of knowledge like inoculation. Showing how East India Company employees deployed the paradigm of alchemy in order to make sense of the new worlds they confronted, Rajani Sudan argues that the Enlightenment was born largely out of Europe's (and Britain's) sense of insecurity and inferiority in the early modern world. Plumbing the depths of the imperial archive, Sudan uncovers the history of the British Enlightenment in the literary artifacts of the long eighteenth century, from the correspondence of the East India Company and the papers of the Royal Society to the poetry of Alexander Pope and the novels of Jane Austen.

For half a century, criminal defense lawyer Leonard Weinglass defended a who's who of the twentieth-century left in some of America's most spectacular trials. “The typical call I get is one that starts by saying, ‘You're the fifth attorney we've called,'” he once said. “Then I get interested.” Those calls came from the likes of the SDS, the Chicago Seven, Daniel Ellsberg, Abbie Hoffman, and Mumia Abu-Jamal, among many others.In a field dominated by egomaniacs, Weinglass was known for his humility, his common touch, his ability to work collectively, his kindness, and his attention to detail. This long-overdue biography captures the vibrant life and inspiring legacy of an American iconoclast.Praise for Len, A Lawyer in History“For decades Seth Tobocman has been working within the comics vernacular to create a unique language, and with Len he's at the top of his game…brilliantly applying himself not only with pencil and ink on paper, but as an active participant in the same political struggles that Len Weinglass valiantly dedicated his life to solving.” —Peter Kuper, author of Ruins“Tobocman has conjoined past and present to create singular, beautiful, volatile images of struggle. At the center of this explosion—as example and harbinger, but most of all as an incendiary intimate portrait—stands Len himself. Our coalitions will forever be enriched by his presence, and by the demands his legacy bequeaths.” —AK Thompson, author of Black Bloc, White Riot“I met Len Weinglass in 1964. He was learned, funny, and the best damned trial lawyer I ever saw in a courtroom. The chapters on Newark, Chicago, and the Pentagon Papers case will help a new generation understand the substance behind all the blurry labels about the time.” —Tom Hayden, author of The Port Huron Statement “The book is dramatic in its reach and speechless in its words. It's not just about Len, but who we were as people during his journey. Remarkable.” —Stanley L. Cohen, attorney and political activist“Len said: ‘I would classify myself as radical American. I want to spend my time defending people who have committed their time to progressive social change.'This exemplifies how, along with Michael Ratner, William Kunstler, and other US lawyers around the Center for Constitutional Rights in New York, he was an incredibly important role model for radical human rights lawyers in Europe such as myself.” —Wolfgang Kaleck, Secretary General, European Center for Constitutional and Human RightsPAUL BUHLE is the editor of a dozen comic art books along with many scholarly works, including the authorized biography of C.L.R. James.MICHAEL STEVEN SMITH is executor of Leonard Weinglass's estate and co-editor of Imagine: Living in a Socialist USA.SETH TOBOCMAN is an author/illustrator and one of the founding editors of World War 3 Illustrated.