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Professor Russell-Wood's detailed studies of Brazilian social history in the colonial era have long been recognised as model contributions to the history of class, race, gender and religion. This collection combines work on particular persons and groupings with survey articles on the role of the port and the frontier in colonial Brazil and on its historiography. The author describes the administration and structure of government, and the realities of royal power, with examples drawn from the port cities and the mining townships of the interior, then moves on to examine the interplay of class, religion and race with reference to brotherhoods of persons of African descent and the racially exclusive Third Orders. One group who overcame legal, physical and social constraints were women who, whether of European or African descent, contributed decisively to the economy and society of Brazil. To conclude, there are accounts of three individuals, each of whose experiences illustrate facets of the judicial system, governance and education in Portugal's richest colony. Les études détaillées du professeur Russell-Wood sur l'histoire sociale brésilienne durant la période coloniale ont longtemps été reconnues comme un modèle de contribution à histoire des classes, des races, des genres et des religions. Cette collection allie des travaux au sujet d'individus spécifiques et de groupements à des résumés d'enquête sur la rôle du port et de la frontière dans le Brésil colonial et dans son historiographie. L'auteur décrit l'administration et la structure gouvernementale, ainsi que les réalités du pouvoir royal, s'appuyant d'exemples tirés des cités portuaires et des communes minières de l'intérieur. Il passe ensuite à l'examen de l'interaction des classes, des religions et des races en faisant référence aux liens de fraternité qui unissaient les personnes de descendance africaine, ainsi qu'aux Troisièmes Ordres qui pratiq

Les deux Congo, le Congo-Kinshasa et le Congo-Brazzaville, avaient accueilli les nationalistes angolais à partir de 1961, les avaient hébergés et avaient déployé, pour le triomphe de leur cause, une diplomatie « agissante ». Ils s'étaient impliqués dans la résolution du « problème angolais », sa décolonisation. Ils avaient, ensuite, accompagné l'Angola, chacun à sa manière, dans la guerre civile, véritable « drame » vécu par des patriotes issus d'un même pays et aspirant tous à sa gestion!Cet ouvrage fait le bilan de ces relations entre les deux Congo et l'Angola, de 1961 à 2002, soit de la guerre d'Indépendance à la fin de la guerre civile.

This study analyzes the establishment of an iron foundry in the interior 18th-century of Angola. It was a fruit of the Portuguese Enlightenment, which encouraged investment in manufacturing, particularly of iron, a metal indispensable for military and technological purposes. However, the plans faced the resistance of African blacksmiths and founders who refused to learn foreign techniques and work processes. By emphasizing Central African agency, the book highlights the successful strategies of historical actors who scholars have largely ignored. Based upon a wide variety of sources from Brazilian, Portuguese, and Angolan archives, the book reconstructs how Africans were taken to work at the foundry and the important role they played in developing the form of production employed there. By emphasizing continuities with African technology and the quality of the iron produced, it counters interpretations of the project as an example of the failure of the Portuguese Enlightenment. The analysis demonstrates the circulation of knowledge about iron production, thus revitalizing debates that have posited knowledge transmission as unidirectional. It also highlights the relationship between local political leaders and the colonial government, in addition to elucidating the processes by which workers were organized.

A biografia de Chiquinha Leite (c. 1840-1911) revela a trajetória da professora da escola mista de Três Barras, povoado do Serro/MG, na segunda metade do século XIX. A partir de rigorosa pesquisa documental – cartas familiares reutilizadas como material escolar além das provas e exames oficiais guardados em arquivos públicos e testamentos – revelamos o cotidiano de uma professora no Brasil profundo, distante das grandes cidades. Na pequena escola da mestra Chiquinha Leite identificamos como as reformas nacionais operavam, de que forma ela alfabetizava, como ela mantinha seu cargo público lidando com as heranças do gesto pedagógico colonial e imperial. Além disso, mostramos como as crises cíclicas da economia do ouro do Norte de Minas afetava sua sobrevivência, sua remuneração anual e seus negócios com os tropeiros serranos com os quais mantinha relações comerciais de inacreditável rentabilidade. Esta é a incrível história de uma mulher negociante de tropas e professora do Norte de Minas amante de joias, proprietária de casas e fazendas e dona do seu próprio destino.

Se você quer saber de forma concisa e com muitas referências toda a história sobre o surgimento, o crescimento do Cristianismo e a comparação com outras religiões mais antigas e ao mesmo tempo conhecer a relação dele com grandes imperadores do antigo Império Romano, este é o livro certo. Este modesto opúsculo apresenta uma história das primeiras conquistas e dos obstáculos que a revelação cristã logo encontrou em sua plena realização, com ênfase para as realizações de ordem moral e de promoção social dos mais carentes. O nome do imperador Constantino aparece como referência histórica nesse processo, em vista de seu papel na aceitação do Cristianismo como fé lícita e não mais alvo de perseguições. Simultaneamente, é narrado também o contexto histórico político do Império Romano e de seu processo de decadência e queda, concomitante à da ascensão do Cristianismo. História que se insere numa época de grandes reviravoltas políticas e transformações econômicas, sociais e de valores éticos e morais, que mudaram o rumo da civilização repercutindo até nossos dias.

Em 2016, o Brasil vivenciou seu segundo processo de impeachment em menos de 30 anos. Compreendido como medida excepcional, o instituto do impeachment tornou-se recorrente nas jovens democracias latino-americanas revelando peculiar interação entre Executivo, Legislativo e sociedade. Com vistas a compreender melhor os contornos deste instituto, o presente livro fruto de dissertação de mestrado desenvolvida no âmbito do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Direito da Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais apresenta interessante análise histórico-comparativa entre impeachment e tiranicídio.

A presente obra se propõe a compreender o Brasil de hoje, dois séculos após sua independência de Portugal, a partir de importantes reflexões sobre o seu processo histórico de construção política, econômica, social, cultural e identitária da Nação, suas continuidades e rupturas, convergências e divergências, internas e externas, em relação a si próprio e às demais nações. Para tanto, os textos aqui reunidos, de importantes pesquisadores nacionais e internacionais, serão divididos em dois volumes. No primeiro volume, tem-se por objetivo refletir sobre o papel do Estado, a democracia nacional e a questão do desenvolvimento, sua formação e evolução histórica, dos tempos monárquicos à República, em seus diferentes regimes; e a cultura e identidade nacional, sua construção, representações e diferentes formas de manifestação, por meio da produção artística e intelectual. Já no segundo volume, tem-se por objetivo refletir, sobre o olhar do outro a respeito do processo histórico de construção política, econômica, social, cultural e identitária da Nação brasileira, com destaque para as diferentes relações que esses países estabeleceram com o Brasil desde sua independência até os dias de hoje.

Zum ersten Mal erörtert ein Buch das enigmatische Motiv des Doppelgängers, welches hier nicht nur in der deutschen Literatur untersucht wird, getrennt in Drama, Dichtung und Epik und unternimmt in einem breit angelegten Versuch den Brückenschlag zum (Stumm)film. Was in der bisher vorliegenden Sekundärliteratur nur angedeutet wurde, thematisiert dieses interdisziplinäre Werk, das auch auf Spaltungsphantasien in Malerei und Fotografie eingeht. Im Mittelpunkt stehen Facettenreichtum, Vieldeutigkeit und Langlebigkeit des fantastischen Doppelgänger-Motivs, welches sogar im literarischen Realismus oder durch die Erkenntnisse der Psychoanalyse kaum an Attraktivität verliert und sich im Zeitalter der technischen Reproduzierbarkeit psychischer Phänomene auf der Leinwand eindrucksvoll zurückmeldet. Für Literatur- und Filmwissenschaftler ist diese Thematik genauso interessant, wie für philosophisch und psychoanalytisch geschulte Leser.

Esta obra tem por finalidade apresentar a atividade científica da Companhia de Jesus no campo do saber médico farmacológico da Época Moderna (séculos XVI-XVIII). Desde os primeiros momentos da trajetória das sociedades humanas, os homens se depararam com a necessidade e tentativa de curar as doenças e restabelecer a saúde do corpo. Nesse sentido, esse campo contou com a participação de diversos agentes sociais, dentre eles, as ordens religiosas. Comumente, pesquisas que se debruçaram sobre a atuação da Companhia de Jesus no mundo moderno abordaram o relevo e a extensão do projeto evangelizador educacional, binômio que caracterizou a identidade inaciana. Este trabalho, entretanto, foi guiado pelo objetivo de apresentar o desempenho dos jesuítas na prestação dos serviços de saúde, especificamente por meio da atividade boticária. Debruçada na análise documental de cadernos manuscritos e coleções de receitas, esta obra descortinou o universo de operação em rede das boticas jesuítas espalhadas pelos domínios portugueses, colocando em evidência processos de comunicação, intercâmbio e circulação de conhecimento sobre o mundo natural e científico. Com isso, problematizou a noção de uma atuação orientada exclusivamente pela caridade, inserindo os processos de aviamento das medicinas jesuítas no quadro mais amplo das discussões e práticas médico farmacológicas do período moderno. Como resultado, a análise da Collecção de varias receitas (ARSI, 1766) revelou a existência de um cotidiano marcado pelo abastecimento e troca entre as boticas de matéria-prima, instrumentos e livros de medicina e farmácia, bem como a produção de remédios químicos, considerando o conhecimento necessário de técnicas e processos de fabricação. Por fim, a obra convida os leitores a enxergar os inacianos como agentes ativos no rol da produção científica da Época Moderna, contribuindo para o desenvolvimento de terapêuticas de cura num cenário cotidiano marcado por desconfortos, doenças e epidemias. Viviane Machado Caminha

The Iberian World: 1450–1820 brings together, for the first time in English, the latest research in Iberian studies, providing in-depth analysis of fifteenth- to early nineteenth-century Portugal and Spain, their European possessions, and the African, Asian, and American peoples that were under their rule.Featuring innovative work from leading historians of the Iberian world, the book adopts a strong transnational and comparative approach, and offers the reader an interdisciplinary lens through which to view the interactions, entanglements, and conflicts between the many peoples that were part of it. The volume also analyses the relationships and mutual influences between the wide range of actors, polities, and centres of power within the Iberian monarchies, and draws on recent advances in the field to examine key aspects such as Iberian expansion, imperial ideologies, and the constitution of colonial societies.Divided into four parts and combining a chronological approach with a set of in-depth thematic studies, The Iberian World brings together previously disparate scholarly traditions surrounding the history of European empires and raises awareness of the global dimensions of Iberian history. It is essential reading for students and academics of early modern Spain and Portugal.

This second edition of the multi-volume work goes beyond the comprehensive and systematic coverage of archaeology that appears in the first edition. The field of archaeology continues to grow and the collaborations between archaeologists and researchers in other areas - environmental studies, landscape studies, art history, demography, biomedicine, chemistry, museum specialists, etc. - continues to grow. This second edition builds on the massive collection of information and research from the first edition by adding new entries as well as updating the existing entries.The entries in this encyclopedia range from succinct summaries of specific sites and the scientific aspects of archaeological enquiry to detailed discussions of archaeological concepts, theories and methods, and from investigations into the social, ethical and political dimensions of archaeological practice to biographies of leading archaeologists from throughout the world. The different forms of archaeology are explored, along with the techniques used for each and the challenges, concerns and issues that face archaeologists today.This compendium is both a print reference and an online reference work. One of the encyclopedia's major innovations is that it harnesses the capabilities of an online environment, enhancing both the presentation and dissemination of information. Most particularly, the continuous updating allowed by an online environment should ensure that the Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology is a definitive reference work for archaeology and archaeologists.

Participants included scholars, government officials, and journalists from European and American countries ranging from Finland to Argentina. This volume contains the papers presented. The viewpoints represent those who favor a negotiated settlement through the Contadora process, those who espouse the policies of the Reagan administration, and thos

La bataille de la Lys (9 avril 1918) est un véritable lieu de mémoire de la conscience collective portugaise. L'effort portugais dans la Grande Guerre n'a pas encore été reconnu comme il le mérite, malgré l'entrée en guerre du Portugal aux côtés de ses alliés. Oublier tous ces soldats portugais, morts pour la liberté de la France, c'est effacer une partie de l'histoire portugaise et française.

Comemorativo do centenário do historiador José Antônio Gonsalves de Mello, este volume reúne três dos seus livros mais importantes sobre o período final da dominação holandesa no Brasil. As obras que compõem essa edição são relevantes para o estudo do tema, principalmente devido à erudição, ao rigor metodológico, ao conhecimento profundo das fontes e acervos e à capacidade de trabalhar com manuscritos de diversos idiomas, que tornaram José Antonio Gonsalves de Mello um dos grandes historiadores do século XX.

Five hundred years ago a monk nailed his theses to a church gate in Wittenberg. The sound of Luther's mythical hammer, however, was by no means the only aural manifestation of the religious Reformations.This book describes the birth of Lutheran Chorales and Calvinist Psalmody; of how music was practised by Catholic nuns, Lutheran schoolchildren, battling Huguenots, missionaries and martyrs, cardinals at Trent and heretics in hiding, at a time when Palestrina, Lasso and Tallis were composing their masterpieces, and forbidden songs were concealed, smuggled and sung in taverns and princely courts alike.Music expressed faith in the Evangelicals'emerging worships and in the Catholics'ancient rites; through it new beliefs were spread and heresy countered; analysed by humanist theorists, it comforted and consoled miners, housewives and persecuted preachers; it was both the symbol of new, conflicting identities and the only surviving trace of a lost unity of faith.The music of the Reformations, thus, was music reformed, music reforming and the reform of music: this book shows what the Reformations sounded like, and how music became one of the protagonists in the religious conflicts of the sixteenth century.

Ces contributions évaluent ce que l'Union africaine a pu faire depuis le lancement effectif de ses activités en 2002. Cet ouvrage en 2 tomes traite de la quasi-totalité des préoccupations majeures de l'Afrique d'aujourd'hui et de demain, en apportant rappel historique, analyse contextuelle et prospective. Ont ainsi fait l'objet d'une revisitation et d'une relecture critique, la problématique de l'unité africaine, les institutions et programmes de l'Union, la situation des droits de la démocratie, des droits de l'homme, du maintien de la paix et de la sécurité, les relations extérieures, les notions d'auto-indépendance.

The late-medieval Portuguese who arrived in Africa were colonizers in the roman style, gold merchants on an imperial scale, conquistadores in the Hispanic tradition. Although their empire struggled to survive centuries of Dutch and English competition, it revived in the twentieth century on a tide of white migration. Settlers, however, brought racial conflict as well as economic modernisation and the Portuguese colonies went through spasms of violence which resembled those of Algeria and South Africa. Liberation eventually came but the peoples of the old colonial cities clung tightly to their acquired traditions, eating Portuguese dishes, writing Portuguese poetry and studying in Portuguese universities.

Après Waterloo et la chute de l'Empire, plusieurs milliers d'anciens soldats de la Grande Armée fuyant la France de la Restauration s'exilèrent aux Amériques, trouvant un continent en plein effervescence révolutionnaire. Une nouvelle épopée commence alors, se poursuivant bien après la mort de Napoléon. Voici un tableau vivant de ces soldats qui ont écrit, outre-Atlantique, l'ultime page de la légende napoléonienne.

Tarana est le nom qu'utilisait avant les conquêtes européennes pour désigner leur continent les natifs africains restés Outre-atlantique, mais en contact avec l'Afrique de leurs origines grâce à une navigation séculaire permanente. Ces populations natives africaines sont fondatrices des grandes civilisations précolombiennes, des'Têtes de Nègres géantes'que découvrira Christophe Colomb. Ces mêmes populations natives vont résister dès 1492 aux conquistadores mercenaires blancs et noirs.

Angola et Portugal: les rapports entre les deux peuples sont forgés par l'Esclavage, la Colonisation, la guerre d'Indépendance mais aussi la guerre civile angolaise qui en a découlé. L'auteur utilise une vue perspective de longue durée, recourt aux concepts modernes de'race', éthnie','nation'qui ont établi les images de soi et de l'autre. Il décortique les écrits historiques des Cadornega, Oliveira Martins, Heli Chatelain, analyse la'découvete'des'races', la violence coloniale, l'assimilation équivoque.

This cumulated Index encompasses the four Biographical Archives for Spain, Portugal and the Iberoamerican countries with 770,000 biographical entries.

Translated and Annotated by William F. Sinclair, Bombay Civil Service (Retd.), with Further Notes and an Introduction by Donald Ferguson. The main text is a translation of: Relaciones de Pedro Teixeira d'el origen descendencia y svccession de los reyes de Persia, y de Harmuz, y de vn viage hecho por el mismo avtor dende la India Oriental hasta Italia por tierra. Amberes, 1610. Appendices: A, A short narrative of the origin of the kingdom of Harmuz and of its kings. B, Extracts from the Relation of the kings of Persia. C, A short account of the most notable provinces... of Persia. D, Relation of the chronicle of the kings of Ormuz. Includes bibliographical references and index. This is a new print-on-demand hardback edition of the volume first published in 1902.

This acclaimed history of Portuguese and Brazilian slaving in the southern Atlantic is now available in paperback. With extraordinary skill, Joseph C. Miller explores the complex relationships among the separate economies of Africa, Europe, and the South Atlantic that collectively supported the slave trade. He places the grim history of the trade itself within the context of the rise of merchant capitalism in the eighteenth century. Throughout, Miller illuminates the experiences of the slaves themselves, reconstructing what can be known of their sufferings at the hands of their buyers and sellers.

Within the chronological framework of Implantation, Maturation and Transition, this book provides the history of European expansion in the Americas from the age of Columbus through the abolition of slavery. Suggesting a shift in the traditional units of analysis away from nationally defined boundaries, this volume considers all of the Americas - and Africa - to encourage students to see the larger interimperial issues which governed behaviour in both the new world and the old. It also provides students with a mechanism for viewing interimperial rivalries from the largest possible perspective, by focusing, not only on commercial and demographic history and military and economic interaction between metropolitan regions and their colonies, but on the interdependence of European, African, and Amerindian peoples and culture.