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This volume brings together significant findings, approaches, and research-based pedagogies on teaching and learning source-based writing. A comprehensive update to the field, this book presents source-based writing as an essential skill that comes with its own specific set of challenges, requiring a complex set of literacy skills and capabilities for mastery. With contributors from leading scholars from around the world, the volume addresses source-based writing as a developmental issue and offers guidance for supporting novice academic writers on their path toward proficiency and accumulation of multifaceted skill set. Chapters cover key topics, including metacognitive skills, the flipped classroom, scaffolding, assessment, and ethical considerations. With research reviews, practical considerations and future directions as components of each chapter, this book is ideal for courses on academic writing and second language writing.

Human Spoken Interaction as a Complex Adaptive System explains how human spoken communication functions, combining two separate complex adaptive systems: the universal ‘interaction engine'and language(s), which now number around 7,000. Siegel and Seedhouse offer a comprehensive overview of how the components and processes of the interaction engine work together to enable us to understand each other, whatever the language. Through combining Complexity Science and Conversation Analysis, this book explains how to simultaneously analyse spoken interaction on micro and macro scales. Detailed analyses of L2 learners reveal them to be simultaneously expert in using the interaction engine and inexpert in using the specific language. The study shows that the basic characteristics of the interaction engine are the same as for other life-related complex systems and that it is possible to access the perspectives of participants inside this complex adaptive system as it is evolving.

This book syntheses cutting-edge research on the role of individual differences (IDs) in the field of SLA and in computer assisted language learning. It also outlines the theoretical and methodological issues at the heart of this research, presents empirical findings and charts future directions of this research.Pawlak and Kruk provide an overview of the latest theoretical developments in research on IDs in SLA as well as methodological considerations that are crucial when researching individual variation, with special emphasis on data-collection procedures that are most prominent in CALL. The book goes on to summarize and explore a body of empirical evidence concerning the role of individual difference factors in CALL, singling out existing gaps, methodological problems, and areas in need of further investigation. Finally, the authors provide a guide on how empirical investigations of individual difference factors in CALL can be improved by incorporating latest developments from the broader field of SLA.This book will be of great interest to postgraduates and scholars in the domain of applied linguistics and second language education who are interested in CALL, as well as those studying and undertaking research in second language learning and teaching.

This edited book offers a new look at community and heritage languages schools around the world, providing a comprehensive and nuanced portrait of language education and cultural understanding in and beyond school contexts. Covering research and practice, the contributors survey the global landscape of community and heritage language schools and explore new developments in the field to understand the challenges the schools face and discuss the impact they have on their students and surrounding communities. Chapters address key topics including language development, academic achievement, professional development, learner identity and agency, online learning and teaching disruptions. Contributors highlight learners'voices throughout, with special attention to overlooked minority language communities and Indigenous voices.Through this wealth of thorough and insightful analysis, the contributors of this book position students of community/heritage languages schools as citizens of a plurilingual world who are central to global change. Abounding with original research, innovative ideas and cutting-edge teaching practices, this book is ideal for courses on multilingualism and language and culture.

Drawing on quantitative and qualitative data from teachers and students in Hong Kong's secondary schools, this book examines critical questions in relation to language learning motivation and instructional contexts. Readers are provided with a critical overview of developments in theory and research on language learning motivation and the potential to further extend these developments.Grounded in the Douglas Fir Group conceptualization of language learning, the book explores the complex interplay of diverse factors that shape learners'motivation. It offers a unique window into the situated nature of language learning motivation in the macro, meso, and micro contexts of a Chinese heritage society. In so doing, it brings the Chinese voice into the theorization of this important language learning construct. Potential future research avenues are suggested, and implications for policy and practice are discussed.This book will be a useful resource for academics and postgraduates interested in the fields of English as a second language (ESL), English language teaching, language teaching and learning.

This book offers a socially situated view of the emergence of emotionality for additional language (L2) learners in classroom interaction in Japan.Grounded in a complexity perspective, the author argues that emotions need to be studied as they are dynamically experienced and understood in all of their multidimensional colors by individuals (in interaction). Via practitioner research, Sampson applies a small-lens focus, interweaving experiential and discursive data, offering possibilities for exploring, interpreting and representing the lived experience of L2 study emotions in a more holistic yet detailed, social yet individual fashion. Amidst the currently expanding interest in L2 study emotions, the book presents a strong case for the benefits of locating interpretations of the emergence of L2 study emotions back into situated, dynamic, social context.Sampson's work will be of interest to students and researchers in second language acquisition and L2 learning psychology.

This is the first book dedicated exclusively to presenting the current state of scholarship on multilingual development and language use among adolescents. Drawing upon the fast-growing interdisciplinary field of youth studies, the book provides a detailed examination of the linguistic, cognitive, and literacy development of multilingual teenagers in home, school, community, and global contexts.Areas covered include: • effective needs analysis • using the CEFR as a resource for course planning • writing scenarios for classroom teaching and assessment • triangulating course objectives, materials, and learners'goals • key terminology Extra resources are available on the website: www.oup.com/elt/teacher/lcp Brian North is a co-author of the CEFR and of its companion volume, and was Chair of Eaquals from 2005 to 2010. Mila Angelova is the Academic Vice Chair of Eaquals and Head Director of Studies at AVO Language and Examination Centre, in Sofia. Elzbieta Jarosz is a member of the Eaquals Certification Panel and is the Academic Director of Gama College, in Krakow. Richard Rossner is a co-founder of Eaquals, and a co-author of the European Profiling Grid and the Eaquals Framework.

This book argues that, to teach languages well, one needs to know how people learn them, and that current English Language teaching (ELT) practice largely ignores this vital question. It offers an up-to-date, accessible discussion of recent developments in knowledge about second and foreign language learning, as well as implications for language teaching. It then provides a critical analysis of the current ELT industry, arguing that its increasing commercialization has led to poor teaching, dull materials, inadequate second language teaching education, and testing procedures that are unfit for purpose. The book then moves on to expose the often-hidden political and economic interests at work, and ends with suggestions for how ELT should be organized to the benefit of learners, teachers, teacher educators and testers alike. It will appeal to undergraduates and masters students of teaching English as an L2 or applied linguistics, as well as practising teachers.

Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) is a transformative and powerful approach to language education and has had a significant impact on educational pedagogy in recent years. Despite burgeoning literature on the efficacy and implementation of CLIL, there remains a gap between CLIL and English Language Teaching (ELT). Many practitioners wonder how they can ‘do CLIL'if their main classes are focused on English as a Foreign Language (EFL). This volume addresses these concerns by examining the experiences of various CLIL practitioners in the EFL context of Japan. Chapters outline the CLIL methodology, the differences in ‘hard CLIL'(subject led) and ‘soft CLIL'(language-oriented) before focusing on the EFL interpretations of soft-CLIL. Although the distinction of hard CLIL and soft CLIL has been mentioned in several publications, this is the first book-length exploration of this issue, featuring chapters examining expectations, challenges, material support, implementation, and even motivation in CLIL classrooms. All of this culminates in a review of the potential and future of CLIL in EFL contexts, paving the way for more widespread and well informed implementation of CLIL all over the world.

This volume shares proven strategies for Academic English teaching, research, and development in challenging circumstances. Through original first-hand experiences from around the world, the collection reveals how educators in higher education have responded to the specific needs and challenges of teaching second language learners in turbulent times, as seen during the COVID-19 pandemic. Organised thematically, the book covers rapid responses to crises, adapting to teaching online, collaborations and online learning communities, and assessment practices. The volume provides original insights and practical suggestions for a range of practices across English for Academic and Specific Purposes that can address new and unfamiliar circumstances, both now and in future challenging times.The collection includes a wealth of effective strategies, varied research methodologies, and resources for practice making it an invaluable reference for practitioners, students, and researchers in the field of academic English, ESL/EFL, and online language instruction.

Now in its fifth edition, the award-winning How Languages are Learned has established itself as an indispensable introduction to research in language acquisition and its relationship with classroom practice. Patsy Lightbown and Nina Spada have worked for over four decades in second language research and education. They are highly respected worldwide for making theory and research about language learning accessible and relevant to classroom teaching. This widely acclaimed book remains essential reading for second language teachers. • Updated content highlights the latest research into second language learning and its relevance to classroom practice • Activities and questions for reflection personalize content and support critical thinking • Chapter summaries, discussion questions, weblinks and supplementary activities are available online at www.oup.com/elt/teacher/hlal

“At once an eloquent memoir, a wide-ranging commentary on cultural diversity, and an expert distillation of the research on language learning, loss, and recovery.”—The Economist“Insightful and informative…Sedivy examines what happens to memory, dreams, and even the sense of self when you enter another language.”—Eva Hoffman, author of Lost in Translation“Engagingly describes the disorienting and sometimes shattering experience of feeling one's native language atrophy as a new language takes hold…Sedivy elegantly captures why the language(s) we use are so dear to us and how they play a central role in our identities.”—Science“A profound elegy to memories that endure despite displacement and the many time zones that define our lives.”—André AcimanJulie Sedivy was two years old when her parents left Czechoslovakia. By the time she graduated from college, she rarely spoke Czech, and English had taken over her life. When her father died unexpectedly and her strongest link to her native tongue was severed, she discovered that more was at stake than the loss of language: she began to feel she was losing herself.In Memory Speaks, Sedivy explores the brain's capacity to learn—and forget—languages at various stages of life, poignantly combining a rich body of psychological research with a moving story that is at once deeply personal and universally resonant.

The aptitude to write well is increasingly becoming a vital element that students need to succeed in college and their future careers. Students must be equipped with competent writing skills as colleges and jobs base the acceptance of students and workers on the quality of their writing. This situation captures the complexity of the fact that writing represents higher intellectual skills and leads to a higher rate of selection. Therefore, it is imperative that best strategies for teaching writing speakers of other languages is imparted to provide insights to teachers who can better prepare their students for future accomplishments. Futuristic and Linguistic Perspectives on Teaching Writing to Second Language Students examines the theoretical and practical implications that should be put in place for second language writers and offers critical futuristic and linguistic perspectives on teaching writing to speakers of other languages. Highlighting such topics as EFL, ESL, composition, digital storytelling, and forming identity, this book is ideal for second language teachers and writing instructors, as well as academicians, professionals, researchers, and students working in the field of language and linguistics.

>>Jestli vám někdo někdy tvrdil, třeba i vy sami, že se anglicky stejně nikdy nenaučíte, tak vám lhal! V rukou držíte důkaz, že angličtinu zvládne každý, kdo opravdu chce. Takže i vy. << # O knize Znáte takové ty učitele, kteří umějí předat celé třídě totální nadšení a lásku ke svému oboru? Ty, co dělají z učení zábavu, na kterou se těšíte? Seznamte se s Bronislavem Sobotkou! Z dyslektika odrazovaného učiteli od jakéhokoliv studia se vypracoval na lektora angličtiny s těmi nejvyššími jazykovými certifikáty a stal se živoucím důkazem, že angličtina je skutečně pro každého. Broňa vás zase na oplátku seznámí s fígly, jak překonat sám sebe, jak si nastavit cíle a vytvořit studijní plán, a hlavně jak ovládnout všechny disciplíny angličtiny od výslovnosti až po gramatiku. Pochopitelně vám také ukáže, jak se zbavit strachu z mluvení. Zkrátka, Broňa je učitel, kterého jste vždycky chtěli mít! # V knize se mimo jiné dozvíte: – Že neexistuje jediný správný způsob učení. Nejlepší je ten, který vás baví. – Které apky, slovníky, YouTube kanály a jiné zdroje jsou nejužitečnější. – Že s četbou v angličtině můžete začít, i když znáte jen dvě stě základních slovíček. – Proč už si nikdy nevyčítat čas strávený sledováním oblíbených seriálů a filmů. – A že vytrvalost znamená v konečném důsledku víc než vzývaný talent na jazyky. Nezáleží na tom, jste-li začátečník, či pokročilý – díky této knize se pro angličtinu nadchnete a dokážete využít vše, co vás baví, k pokrokům v jazyce. # O autorovi Bronislav Sobotka (• 1981) je nadšený učitel z Brna, který pomáhá lidem zamilovat se do angličtiny. A to přesto, že ve škole z cizích řečí propadal a anglicky se začal učit sám až ve dvaceti letech. Nyní je držitelem červeného diplomu a nejvyšších certifikátů z jazykových mezinárodních zkoušek, angličtinu učil i na kurzech v Oxfordu. Natáčí nejsledovanější YouTube videa zaměřená na angličtinu u nás. # Více o knize www.melvil.cz/kniha-anglictina

China has attached great importance to teaching students to become proficient users of English. Yet, despite a plethora of studies and practice on Chinese ESL/EFL (English as a second/foreign language) learners, the large student population, its complicated composition and the complex nature of second and foreign language learning have rendered it difficult to offer a panoramic view on ESL/EFL teaching and learning of Chinese learners.This book provides a new and up-to-date perspective on the teaching and learning of Chinese ESL/EFL learners. The book collects 15 case studies, falling into two parts—Curriculum Development and Teaching Practice and Skills-Based Research. The collected studies deploy qualitative, quantitative or mixed methods to explore patterns, features, developments and causes and effects of a variety of issues in the sphere of ESL/EFL teaching and learning. Moreover, the cases offer insights that are relevant beyond the mainland Chinese context such as Hong Kong, Macau, Britain and Australia.Students and scholars of TESOL and applied linguistics will be interested in this title.

Providing a much-needed critical synthesis of research on teaching vocabulary and grammar to students of a second or foreign language, this book puts the research into perspective in order to distil recommendations for language teaching. Boers evaluates a comprehensive range of both well-established and lesser-known research strands and classroom practices to draw out the most effective instructional approaches to teaching words, multiword expressions and grammar patterns. Chapters discuss learning as a by-product of communicative activities, language-focused instruction, diverse types of exercises, mnemonic techniques and more, with a view to building bridges between the available research on such instructional approaches and how they are commonly implemented in actual language courses and textbooks. This book helps teachers make research-informed decisions regarding their instructional approaches to words, phrases and patterns, and direct researchers to specific areas in need of further inquiry. Boers not only demonstrates how research findings can inform effective teaching, but also calls for a deeper appreciation on the part of researchers of the realities of the teaching profession, making this a worthwhile text for preservice teachers, teacher educators, graduate students and scholars.

This book offers an evidence-based guide to EAL for everyone who works with multilingual learners. It provides a concise, helpful introduction to the latest research underpinning three key areas of EAL practice: How children acquire additional languages How language works across the curriculum How you can establish outstanding EAL practice in your school. Other key features include case studies from experienced EAL specialists, extensive reading recommendations for teachers who want to build on their knowledge, and a detailed chapter on Ofsted based on interviews with senior inspectors. This book will prove an invaluable guide and support for everyone working with bilingual learners. In clear, short chapters it gives a thorough grounding in the evidence and principles needed to create outstanding EAL provision.

This book explores the relationship between language difference and disorder, with particular consideration of multidialectal L1 speakers learning English as an L2. It provides the reader with ready-to-use data on child L2 acquisition at the syntax-semantics interface, and offers both empirical and theoretical support for educational and clinical linguists in order to separate language differences from disorders. It provides researchers and students in applied and educational linguistics and speech-language pathology with a comprehensive understanding of L2 development in previously unidentified groups of bilingual-bidialectal children with different performance in the target language.Developmental linguists, applied linguists and speech-language pathologists will find accessible information on the role of L1 bidialectism in L2 acquisition, as well as valuable implications to language teaching and learning practices and speech-language pathology services in multilingual and multicultural contexts. This volume will be key reading for researchers interested in typical and atypical multilingual development and assessment in educational and clinical linguistics, cognitive sciences, and psychology. It will also appeal to both undergraduate and postgraduate students interested in conducting mixed-method research in language education, linguistics and health sciences.

Perspectives on Language Assessment Literacy describes how the elements of language assessment literacy can help teachers gather information about when and how to assess learners, and about using the appropriate assessment tools to interpret results in a fair way. It provides highlights from past and current research, descriptions of assessment processes that enhance LAL, case studies from classrooms, and suggestions for professional dialogue and collaboration.This book will help to foster continuous learning, empower learners and teachers and make them more confident in their assessment tasks, and reassure decision makers that what is going on in assessment meets international benchmarks and standards. It addresses issues like concepts and challenges of assessment, the impacts of reflective feedback on assessment, the ontogenetic nature of assessment literacy, the reliability of classroom-based assessment, and interfaces between teaching and assessment. It fills this gap in the literature by addressing the current status and future challenges of language assessment literacy.This book will be of great interest for academics, researchers, and post-graduate students in the fields of language assessment literacy and English language teaching.

Now in its second edition, this volume offers a strong synthesis of classic and current work in conversation analysis (CA), usefully encapsulated in a model of interactional practices that comprise interactional competence. Through this synthesis, Wong and Waring demonstrate how CA findings can help to increase language teachers'awareness of the spoken language and suggest ways of applying that knowledge to teaching second language interaction skills. The Second Edition features: Substantial updates that include new findings on interactional practices Reconceptualized, reorganized, and revised content for greater accuracy, clarity, and readability Expanded key concepts glossary at the end of each chapter New tasks with more transcripts of actual talk New authors'stories The book is geared towards current and prospective second or foreign language teachers, material developers, and other language professionals, and assumes neither background knowledge of conversation analysis nor its connection to second language teaching. It also serves as a handy reference for those interested in key CA findings on social interaction.

Master's Thesis from the year 2020 in the subject Didactics for the subject English - Miscellaneous, grade: 1,0, University of Duisburg-Essen (Department of Anglophone Studies), language: English, abstract: In contrast to the reality outside of school, textbooks, especially in the context of teaching English as a foreign language (TEFL), are still the most important medium for language learning purposes today. However, the academic evaluation of textbooks is surprisingly a rather neglected field of study. Also, the very few studies that evaluate an EFL-textbook mostly only consider the technical dimension of analysis, such as the theoretical perspective of EFL methodology. Yet, to gain a more holistic impression of a textbook, one should also include the practical perspective of EFL teachers. Therefore, the present case study critically evaluates one exemplary textbook combining the theoretical perspective of EFL didactics and the practical perspective of EFL teachers. The TEFL textbook chosen for this case study is titled “English G21 A5” published by Cornelsen in 2010. It is designed for grade 9 at Gymnasium in Germany. Taking Unit 1 of this textbook as an example, this paper aims at examining the potential of this textbook for EFL learning and teaching. The central question is whether the textbook meets the various requirements posed to a textbook including the numerous principles that are part of contemporary EFL methodology and central educational standards. In the first part of the analysis (chapter 4) the question is in how far the textbook meets the theoretical requirements of TEFL. For the second part of the analysis (chapter 5) a small survey was carried out conducting qualitative interviews with four different teachers. Employing qualitative content analysis, the survey intends to find out about the teachers'opinion on the textbook focusing on the question, how the teachers assess the value of the textbook for their teaching practice. Prior to the analysis it is, however, necessary to elaborate on some theoretical background (chapter 2). This involves describing the main paradigms of contemporary EFL methodology as well as illustrating relevant theoretical context in relation to the term textbook and textbook evaluation revealing central requirements EFL textbooks need to fulfil. The aim of this twofold description is to develop a list of criteria (section 2.2.4) that will be used as the foundation of the textbook evaluation. The selected textbook will be introduced in more detail in chapter 3.

Internationalizing the Writing Center provides a rationale, pedagogical plan, and administrative method for developing a multilingual writing center. The book incorporates work from writing center studies as well as second language acquisition studies, including English as a second language; English as a foreign language; second language writing; and foreign language writing. Author Noreen Lape draws on ten years of experience directing a multilingual writing center that offers writing tutoring in eleven languages, and she incorporates the voices and insights of foreign language writing tutors and faculty from surveys, interviews, and tutoring session reports. Lape begins by exploring the dominance of English-medium writing centers in a globalized world and arguing for the expansion of English-centric into multilingual writing centers. She then considers how tutor training differs when the writing center is multilingual as opposed to monolingual, and the writing is second language and foreign language as well as “native” language. The chapters on tutor training explore issues such as holistic tutoring, composing in a foreign language, the role of translating in the writing process, creating a positive learning environment, and developing intercultural competence. In multiple appendices, Lape shares original exercises that writing center administrators can use to train foreign language writing tutors. The book ends with a discussion of strategies for engaging faculty and administrators as stakeholders, and collaborating with those stakeholders to create a sustainable center.

In this thought-provoking book, Ema Ushioda asks why we research language learning motivation, whose interests the research serves, and who ultimately benefits. Examining the major theoretical and research developments in this vibrant field from its origins to the present day, the author interrogates the goals and values driving academic inquiry, and argues for a more socially conscious and socially responsive orientation to researching language learning motivation. The book challenges this research field to contribute to critical movements in applied linguistics to address globally and locally relevant societal issues where language and motivation matter. “Ema Ushioda's compelling, authoritative and timely book re-writes the story of L2 motivation research through the ethical lens. Her probing reflection is not meant to soothe but to ask difficult questions about why we research and for whom. It is impossible to imagine future L2 motivation scholarship that does not treat them seriously.” Maggie Kubanyiova, Professor of Language Education, University of Leeds Ema Ushioda is a Professor and Head of the Department of Applied Linguistics at the University of Warwick Oxford Applied Linguistics Series Advisers: Anne Burns and Diane Larsen-Freeman

Now in a fifth edition, this bestselling introductory textbook remains the cornerstone volume for the study of second language acquisition (SLA). Its chapters have been fully updated, and reorganized where appropriate, to provide a comprehensive yet accessible overview of the field and its related disciplines. In order to reflect current developments, new sections and expanded discussions have been added. The fifth edition of Second Language Acquisition retains the features that students found useful in previous editions. This edition provides pedagogical tools that encourage students to reflect upon the experiences of second language learners. As with previous editions, discussion questions and problems at the end of each chapter help students apply their knowledge, and a glossary defines and reinforces must-know terminology. This clearly written, comprehensive, and current textbook, by Susan Gass, Jennifer Behney, and Luke Plonsky, is the ideal textbook for an introductory SLA course in second language studies, applied linguistics, linguistics, TESOL, and/or language education programs.This textbook is supported with a Companion Website containing instructor and student resources including PowerPoint slides, exercises, stroop tests, flashcards, audio and video links: https://routledgetextbooks.com/textbooks/9781138743427/

English L2 Reading: Getting to the Bottom uses research-based insights to examine bottom-up skills in reading English as a second language. This fourth edition clearly presents core concepts alongside their practical applications to teaching contexts, with updated research findings, a new focus on metalinguistic awareness, and new resources for students.The text's pedagogical features help readers connect linguistic details and psycholinguistic theory with practical explanations and teaching suggestions. Pre-reading Questions challenge readers to analyze their own experiences. Study Guide Questions allow readers to review, discuss, and assess their knowledge. Discussion Questions elaborate on themes in each chapter, while the new Language Awareness Activities help develop metalinguistic awareness. Three Appendices provide tables that list the graphemes and the phonemes of English, as well as a brand-new dictionary pronunciation guide.New to the fourth edition: Substantially revised and updated research on linguistics New, evidence-based models on the reading process Language Awareness Activities that highlight metalinguistic awareness Word study examples in each chapter For teachers, teacher trainers, reading researchers, or anyone interested in teaching reading, this popular, comprehensive, myth-debunking text provides clear and practical guidance towards effectively supplementing top-down teaching approaches with bottom-up reading strategies.

The first handbook to explore the field of Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages in elementary and secondary education (K-12) The number of students being educated in English has grown significantly in modern times — globalization, immigration, and evolving educational policies have prompted an increased need for English language learner (ELL) education. The Handbook of TESOL in K-12 combines contemporary research and current practices to provide a comprehensive overview of the origins, evolution, and future direction of Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages at the elementary and secondary levels (K-12). Exploring the latest disciplinary and interdisciplinary issues in the field, this is a first-of-its-kind Handbook and contributions are offered from a team of internationally-renowned scholars. Comprehensive in scope, this essential Handbook covers topics ranging from bilingual language development and technology-enhanced language learning, to ESOL preparation methods for specialist and mainstream teachers and school administrators. Three sections organize the content to cover Key Issues in Teaching ESOL students in K-12, Pedagogical Issues and Practices in TESOL in K-12 Education, and School Personnel Preparation for TESOL in K-12. Satisfies a need for inclusive and in-depth research on TESOL in K-12 classrooms Presents a timely and interesting selection of topics that are highly relevant to working teachers and support staff Applies state-of-the-art research to real-world TESOL classroom settings Offers a balanced assessment of diverse theoretical foundations, concepts, and findings The Handbook of TESOL in K-12 is an indispensable resource for undergraduate and graduate students, researchers and scholars, and educators in the field of Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages in elementary and secondary education.

Educators working with English learners face challenges beyond teaching academic content in languages new to the students. The added layer of problem-solving for students who may have exceptional needs and providing the appropriate support can be a complex process that involves careful decision making. This book provides a discussion of strengths-based and deficit-based mindsets, collaborative problem-solving, and universal supports for curriculum access. Discover the importance of problem-solving processes at all levels, inclusive approaches to education, and a commitment to appropriate special education identification. Each chapter includes vignettes, discussion of key concepts, practical approaches and strategies, and reflection or discussion questions. Explore the topics of a strengths-based approach to considering English learners, their abilities, and needs; policies that affect English learners and how they intersect in day-to-day practice; structures present in responsive, culturally sustaining schools and classrooms; targeted supports and response-to-intervention practices for English learners with academic or behavioral needs; recommended assessment and identification practices for English learners; and more!••This title also includes a companion website with online resources.••

How does English for specific purposes (ESP) differ from English for general purposes? Explore the key features of ESP and the important role of students in this type of language learning. Learn the different types of ESP, various materials that can be incorporated into a course, and the roles of teachers and students. Read about four key topics within ESP: needs analysis, genre, specialized vocabulary, and corpus linguistics. The authors provide questions to guide reflection on the applicability of the concepts reviewed to see how it fits into your classroom.

This book provides a holistic overview of what leads to success in foreign language learning at an early age and deepens our understanding of early foreign language learning. The studies use an array of methodological approaches to research learners aged between three and ten, as well as their parents and teachers, in instructional, minimal-input settings. They describe various ways of organising and promoting very early foreign language learning, both through language policy and innovative pedagogy, and focus on ways of providing input for second language acquisition, which include oral classroom discourse strategies, as well as learner development of literacy skills. Special attention is given to the necessity to develop critical reading skills, the ability to handle multimodal texts, and attitudes, motivations and behaviours and how these may impact on the teaching and learning process. Chapters emphasise that ultimate outcomes depend on extra linguistic environmental factors, such as parental involvement and teacher competences. These include establishing control in the classroom, as well as using appropriate strategies for Negotiation of Meaning, and helping learners build positive self-concept. This book will be of interest to all professionals involved in the teaching of foreign languages to young learners, as well as to researchers, teacher educators and students working in this area.

The 50 Fantastic Ideas series is packed full of fun, original, skills-based activities for Early Years practitioners to use with children aged 0-5. Each activity features step-by-step guidance, a list of resources, and a detailed explanation of the skills children will learn. Creative, simple, and highly effective, this series is a must-have for every Early Years setting.Every year, an increasing number of children enter the Early Years setting either new to English or with English as an additional language (EAL), which can be daunting, not just for the child but for the practitioner too. How can Early Years practitioners ensure that the right support is in place for the child and themselves?What practical ideas can be used successfully to enrich an EAL child's understanding of a new language, while, at the same time, allowing that child to bond with their peers? 50 Fantastic Ideas for Children with EAL is an invaluable resource to help integrate children with EAL into the classroom with fresh, exciting and engaging activities that are easy to resource, require little preparation and are fun to carry out. The activities include simple speak-and-repeat games, visual ideas to support learning new words and phrases and activities that evoke feelings of being at home, allowing the children to feel welcomed and part of the school's diverse community. Traditional games are also featured to help children with EAL play with their peers, as well as feel that they can contribute to the learning of others. Perfect for promoting inclusion and self-esteem, 50 Fantastic Ideas for Children with EAL is ideal for supporting children as they navigate the ups and downs of having English as an additional language.

As the number of Chinese students learning English increases worldwide, the need for teachers to understand the characteristics and challenges facing this group of learners grows. This is particularly true for those students moving from an English as a Foreign Language context to an English as a Second Language/International Language one where they experience academic, linguistic and sociocultural transitions. Drawing on over 20 years'experience teaching English courses to Chinese learners, the author aims to highlight key findings to aid understanding, improve teachers'practice and offer pedagogical recommendations. Using students'voices, the book covers: how the traditional Chinese culture of learning plays a role; how new learning contexts provide opportunities and empowerment; how learners'beliefs and strategies are interconnected; how their motivation and identity underscore the power of real and imagined communities, and finally, that affect matters, showing how learners are propelled by the trajectory of their emotions. The book cites from the rich data collected over a five-year period to authenticate the findings and recommendations but also to give voice to this group of learners to challenge the stereotype of the passive'Chinese learner'. The essential insights contained within are useful for pre- and in-service teachers of English and researchers interested in language education around the world. The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.

The teaching of English in multilingual contexts such as Zimbabwe, where English is often not the primary language of the Black majority public school student population, is a highly contested issue. Though generally considered as necessary in an increasingly globalized, English language dominated world, this conventionally Eurocentric, elitist-oriented English education system is imbued with colonialist discourses that tend to shape and complicate educators'understandings about the place of diverse sociocultural backgrounds, ethnic-identified indigenous languages, indigenous knowledge systems, and differently abled learners within its conventional structures. In Teacher Stories, the author utilizes postcolonialist theoretical lenses and a poststructuralist-inflected narrative inquiry approach to self-reflexively analyze her impressions of three veteran Zimbabwean teacher educators'interpretations of what they understand to be their experiences of learning and teaching English. The purpose of this research is to provide English education scholars and policy makers with some insights into what veteran Zimbabwean English teacher educators perceive as the efficacies and challenges of implementing policy-mandated inclusive education pedagogical practices. Since English teacher educators'perspectives are a much under-researched area of English in a Zimbabwean context, this study makes a meaningful contribution to the international field of English education.

Noticing Oral Corrective Feedback in the Second Language Classroom: Background and Evidence contributes to the accumulated knowledge regarding the noticeability of corrective feedback (corrective responses to learner ill-formed productions) in the field of second language teaching and learning. The book provides a comprehensive overview of research into the role of noticing of form, details several original studies on the phenomenon, and outlines language teaching plans and strategies to augment noticing of errors in the language classroom. This volume will appeal to researchers and graduate students of applied linguistics as well as to language teachers and teacher educators interested in furthering their understanding and knowledge of this important area of second language acquisition and education.

Das Buch führt in die rekonstruktive Fremdsprachenforschung auf Grundlage der dokumentarischen Methode ein. Dabei steht die Unterrichtsforschung mit Audio- und Videografie im Fokus: Wie wird Fremdsprachenunterricht im Alltag hergestellt? Der Blick ist somit auf die Praktiken der Vermittlung und Aneignung von Fremdsprachen gerichtet, die in ihrem Spannungsverhältnis zu institutionellen, fachlichen und fachdidaktischen Normen empirisch bestimmbar sind. Neben der Audio- und Videografie im fremdsprachlichen Klassenzimmer können auch Gruppengespräche mit Lehrenden und Lernenden sowie Einzelinterviews genutzt werden. Im Ergebnis stellt sich der Fremdsprachenunterricht als ein Prozess der Wissenskonstruktion auf verschiedenen Ebenen dar.

The author leads us on a journey of his years teaching additional languages through the use of performing arts. Drama, theater games, music, and other performance activities promote language use in authentic and engaging ways that differ from typical classroom activities and allow the language learners to have fun as they solve challenges in the target language. Drawing on the work of Lev Vygotsky and Sociocultural Theory, he demonstrates how learning is social and how learners create their knowledge by working with each other. Drama and creative arts are a powerful means for teaching and learning language because of the emotional support and encouragement it entails. He shows how performing arts engage learners intellectually, physically, and emotionally while offering supports and scaffolds that lead to powerful learning outcomes. He has effectively used these techniques with children and adults both at home and abroad in many different cultures and settings and argues that anyone can use these learning strategies to augment their teaching.

Una de las destrezas que constituyen el aprendizaje de una lengua extranjera (L2) es la comprensión lectora. Este libro analiza y estudia factores individuales que podrían afectar a la misma, como la familiaridad con el contenido, el interés en el tema, el género del lector y su nivel de competencia en L2, así como dos tareas de evaluación: immediate written recall, o reproducción de información del texto, y multiple choice. La lectura en general, la lectura de L2 en particular, y los modelos de lectura, hasta llegar al de Bernhardt (2005, 2010), constituyen los cimientos de la investigación. A partir de los mismos, se analizan los factores del lector y los tipos de prueba mencionados, y se reseñan una serie de estudios empíricos sobre los mismos. Finalmente, los autores dan cuenta de la investigación que llevan a cabo con el fin de medir la influencia que dichas variables pueden ejercer sobre la comprensión lectora de L2.

Project-Based Learning will improve your students'language and critical thinking skills. Challenge your students and create a collaborative classroom environment with project-based learning. This book offers teachers an overview of project-based learning, implementation examples, and strategies for overcoming challenges. Explore the benefits of using project-based learning with English language learners and learn techniques for every step of the lesson, from rubric design to assessments and reflection. Discover how to create an enriching teaching and learning experience for you and your students!

Bridging Discourses in the ESL Classroom is concerned with the nature of talk in multilingual classrooms. Examining the interactions between students learning in and through English as a second language and their teachers, this book identifies the patterns of discourse which support and enable both second language development and the learning of curriculum knowledge. These patterns are'bridging discourses', combining the everyday language used by the student with the specialised language of the academic register.Drawing on second language acquisition research and systemic functional linguistic theory, in particular the work of Halliday and Vygotsky, Pauline Gibbons develops tools to view classroom talk through a powerful interdisciplinary lens. Putting forward an innovative new theory of classroom discourse analysis, this book focuses on applying theory to practice. This is an invaluable resource for all teachers, researchers and students of linguistics and education.

A comprehensive manual for pre- and in-service ESL, EFL, and EIL educators who work with multilingual students at the secondary and postsecondary levels, this text balances insights from reading theory and research with highly practical, field-tested strategies for teaching and assessing second-language reading that educators can readily adopt and adapt to suit their contexts and student populations.Teaching Readers of English is a complete'go-to'source for teaching reading and promoting classroom and professional literacies in an increasingly digital world. Offering principled approaches and methods for planning and delivering effective L2 reading instruction, the text includes pedagogical features, such as questions for reflection, further reading and resources, and application activities to develop purposeful classroom reading lessons in a range of contexts. Changes in the Second Edition: Updated and revised chapters on formative and summative reading assessment, developing vocabulary knowledge and grammatical skill, and cultivating extensive reading and literary appreciation Updated information on institutional settings and reader demographics New pedagogical features in each chapter, including Chapter Summaries, Further Reading, Reflection and Review, and Application Activities A streamlined chapter sequence to enhance the text's usability

The book explores the novel field of lexical and conceptual awareness in L2 reading from both a theoretical and an empirical perspective. The theoretical part consists of a thorough literature review of the key terms. The empirical part presents an in-depth analysis of L2 learners'lexical and conceptual awareness/challenges based on text and worksheet data as well as 110 hours of video material. In total, data from 156 L2 learners participating in video-taped collaborative reading scenarios and the corresponding stimulated recall sessions have been analyzed in a primarily qualitative manner. The results demonstrate the multidimensionality of the two major constructs and highlight learners'need for further support. Theoretical, methodological and practical recommendations are provided.

This up-close look at Chinese ESL teachers documents undertakings at formal and informal levels to support and sustain their expertise in ways that balance collaborative and competitive efforts, situated and standards-based programs, ethnically responsive and government-based efforts, and traditional and 21st-century teaching visions. English is a mandated subject for approximately 400 million Chinese public school students. Making transparent the training and professional development received respectively by pre-service and in-service teachers, this book provides a rare window into how Chinese English Language teachers (ELTs) reconcile the two needs with the responsibility to teach large numbers of students while also navigating societal, cultural, and institutional cross currents. It also explores the range of ways China invests in the training and professional development of its English language teachers.

Whether a second language is learned as a child, teenager, or as an adult, second language acquisition research has noted certain patterns that can help ESL/EFL teachers prepare their lessons. Learn the three essential components of ESL/EFL students'learning and other factors that can improve or challenge a student's ability to learn.

This monograph aims to stimulate thinking and increase consciousness about the cultural dimension of foreign language teaching.　The author draws from the theoretical framework of Schmidt's «ABCs of Cultural Understanding and Communication» (Schmidt, 1998; Schmidt & Finkbeiner, 2006) to support and advocate for expanding awareness in relation to the influence of culture on the perception of self and other. She interrogates how language learners acquire interpretative skills to gain a deeper reflexive understanding of different cultures and how electronic communication can be effectively utilised in teaching for intercultural learning. Learning how to interrogate diverse cultural practices using multiple cultural frameworks has been shown to facilitate authentic engagement with the complexities of diverse pluralistic societies. This qualitative research study explores how culture can be taught in the foreign language classroom and school setting.

To date, the majority of work in language learning psychology has focused on the learner. In contrast, relatively little attention has been paid to teacher psychology. This volume seeks to redress the imbalance by bringing together various strands of research into the psychology of language teachers. It consists of 19 contributions on well-established areas of teacher psychology, as well as areas that have only recently begun to be explored. This original collection, which covers a multitude of theoretical and methodological perspectives, makes a significant contribution to the emerging field of language teacher psychology as a domain of inquiry within language education.

Shadowing, an active and highly cognitive technique for EFL listening skill development, in which learners track heard speech and vocalize it simultaneously, is gradually becoming recognized. However, there remain a lot of mysteries and misunderstandings about it. This book uncovers shadowing in terms of theory and practice. This book cements shadowing as a separate technique from other similar techniques such as Elicited Imitation, Mirroring, and simple repetition, and provides ample empirical data to explain the function of Shadowing. It also elaborates on how Shadowing should be used in terms of materials, procedure, and learners'psychology, which would aid in instructors'use of Shadowing in teaching. A guide on a method effective in improving learners'bottom-up listening skills, this book will certainly prove useful to English Language learners and instructors in their linguistic pursuits.

This book offers a new methodological framework for the CLIL classroom, focusing on how to guide input and support output. Full of real-life examples and practical guidelines, the book provides support to both novice and experienced CLIL teachers. Areas covered include: the language used in CLIL; CLIL teacher training; materials design for CLIL; assessment in CLIL. Extra resources are available on the website: www.oup.com/elt/teacher/clil Phil Ball is a CLIL author and teacher trainer based in northern Spain. Keith Kelly is a writer and speaker on CLIL worldwide, and is based in Plovdiv, Bulgaria. John Clegg is a textbook author and CLIL consultant based in London.

This volume presents the results of two tasks examining the acquisition of plosive voicing contrasts in L2 English by college students with Cypriot Greek (CG) backgrounds. The tasks focus on the different factors affecting plosive identification and the types of errors involving plosives. With respect to the first issue, the phonetic perception of plosives turns out to be better in voiceless consonants compared to their voiced counterparts, thus providing evidence for the importance of the voicing contrast factor. With respect to the second issue, the results point to the same direction since it appears that L2 users performed significantly better in voiceless plosives. It is also indicated that they were able to perceive voiced plosives but they treated such instances as a /nasal+voiced plosive/sequence (prenasalised plosives). Therefore, the overall results seem to agree mostly with the speech perception approach suggesting that voiced plosives are realised differently in CG while the difficulties of the L2 CG users with plosives seem to be attributed to VOT differences between the L1 and the L2.

School leaders have the unique opportunity and responsibility to play a crucial role in creating a culture of high expectations and an environment of support so that English learners can succeed and continue to enrich the fabric of our country. This book equips school leaders with effective, research-based strategies and best practices to no only improve outcomes for English learners, but to create rich multicultural and multilingual school environments which benefit all students. Includes a Professional Development Guide and a rich array of'Grab and Go'online resources.

This book fills an existing gap in language learning motivation research by examining the applications of current motivational theories and models from WEIRD (Western, educated, industrialized, rich, developed) contexts to educational systems in Asian contexts. All chapters are focused on second language (L2) motivation as it applies to the EFL situation in Asian countries where English is a mandatory subject in school. Themes in the volume cover the use of possible L2 selves as a theoretical model of motivation, the role of teacher motivation and demotivation in non-European educational systems, study abroad, motivation among adolescents, cross-cultural differences in learner motivation among Asian cultures and the influence of native speakerism on language motivation and cultural identity. This book will appeal to ESL/EFL educators, postgraduate students, researchers and teacher-trainers both inside and outside Asian countries, who are interested in research on L2 motivation in general and within Asian contexts in particular.