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This useful guide for students combines all the guidance, advice and key tips needed to write successful research reports, theses or dissertations, exploring, in detail, each of the elements involved in writing an academic paper. The book will guide you through all the key sections of a report including the introduction, literature review, method, results, discussion and more. Each chapter contains instructions and advice aimed at three different levels of report writing experience – ‘The basics'covers the basic purpose and structure of each section as well as the most common mistakes, ‘Refinements'helps you to develop your report writing skills beyond the basics, adding polish and depth, and ‘Advanced'offers advice and insight into the most complex issues in report writing. In addition to the guidance, there are examples to show you the principles of report writing in action and exercises which allow you to test your understanding as you learn.An essential reference for any student writing an academic paper, A Student Guide to Writing Research Reports, Papers, Theses and Dissertations is the ideal resource to be used as part of your independent study or when working with a supervisor.

New Pop-Up Paper Projects is an inspirational book for everyone who wants to learn and share the magic of pop-up paper engineering. Illustrated throughout with colour diagrams and photographs, this book guides you through basic techniques and foundation skills, offers advice on classroom planning and health and safety and shows you how to ensure that learners of all ages can develop and progress their skills.Guiding you through 90-, 180- and 360-degree engineering, this book presents step-by-step instructions and ideas for over 200 cross-curricular themes, from cityscapes to magical creatures. Aiming to challenge and inspire, Paul Johnson uses over 150 paper-engineering techniques, including: storybooks pop-ups without folds zigzag pop-ups pulleys, wheels and levers asymmetrical pop-ups intricate toy theatres diagonal pop-ups with movables. This book, brimming with pop-up techniques and how to teach them, is for everyone – from the self-styled ‘visually illiterate'to the art graduate, from parents keeping creativity alive at home to classroom teachers planning an engaging curriculum for their class of 30 plus pupils.

'Guide to Publishing a Scientific Paper'provides researchers in every field of the biological, physical and medical sciences with all the information necessary to prepare, submit for publication, and revise a scientific paper. The book includes details of every step in the process that is required for the publication of a scientific paper, for example, use of correct style and language choice of journal, use of the correct format, and adherence to journal guidelines submission of the manuscript in the appropriate format and with the appropriate cover letter and other materials the format for responses to reviewers'comments and resubmission of a revised manuscript The advice provided conforms to the most up-to-date specifications and even the seasoned writer will learn how procedures have changed in recent years, in particular with regard to the electronic submission of manuscripts. Every scientist who is preparing to write a paper should read this book before embarking on the preparation of a manuscript. This useful book also includes samples of letters to the Editor and responses to the Editor's comments and referees'criticism. In addition, as an Appendix, the book includes succinct advice on how to prepare an application for funding. The author has edited more than 7,500 manuscripts over the past twenty years and is, consequently, very familiar with all of the most common mistakes. Her book provides invaluable and straightforward advice on how to avoid these mistakes. Dr. Körner is a professional editor and writer. She has an undergraduate degree from the University of Cambridge and a doctorate in Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry from Yale University.

Making decisions is one of the main activities of the teacher's work. Considered or apparently unconsidered, these decisions significantly affect the lives of all who work in classrooms, both children and the teachers themselves. Originally published in 1979, the aim of this collection of papers was to achieve greater understanding of classroom decision-making and its consequences, to identify and map existing knowledge, and to indicate where it might be augmented.The contributors were researchers and teachers from schools, universities and colleges at the time, and they examine the process of teacher decision-making from sociological, psychological, economic and other perspectives. The book includes a detailed analysis of life in the classroom from a phenomenological perspective, explorations based on micro-economic techniques, and structural perspectives on the role of the teacher in the school. The concluding papers examine the possibilities for social change, given the constraints on the work of the teacher.

The papers in this volume provide a coherent philosophical study of a group of important and pressing educational issues such as the selection of objectives for less able children, the fundamental characteristics of teaching and the integration of the curriculum. A thesis on the necessary differentiation of knowledge into logically distinct forms is outlined, and is defended against recent philosophical criticisms. Its implications for curriculum planning are examined, with particular reference to the urgent problems of adeqately characterizing liberal education and those forms of moral and religious education that are appropriate in maintained schools.

The topics covered in this volume, originally published in 1973, include the need for a more adequate concept or definition of education, the issue of whether indoctrination is compatible with education, particularly with moral education, and the processes of judging the merits of different approaches to aesthetic education. Two contributors present complementary analyses of the relations between freedom as a characteristic of institutions and the process of learning to be a free man. There is discussion of the neglected subject of rights and duties in education, with special emphasis on the question of a universal right to education. The volume concludes with papers on the relevance of philosophy to the practical judgments of educators and to education as a field of study.

Textbooks are designed to teach, explain and make complex information easily understood and assimilated. Research papers do the reader no such favours. Being able to understand and use primary research is an essential tool in any scientific career. This book teaches these valuable skills simply and clearly, saving hours in the long run.Critical Reading explains how to: approach every paper methodically spot work aimed to support a pet theory gain confidence in questioning what you read be alert to bias use abstracts intelligently identify suspect experimental methods assess quantitative methodology interpret results with confidence draw inferences from published work. Using extracts from published Papers in Focus, this book imparts valuable know-how to students and researchers from any biomedical or biological discipline. The text is easily read and understood and the use of key points, summaries and reference reinforces good technique.

The techniques of creating pop-up forms are demonstrated in a series of practical lessons. The book also suggests ways in which pop-up forms can be used to enrich the study of English and art, and contains illustrations of childrens work.

The sixth conference of the International Society for the Empirical Study of Literature, or IGEL, was held in August 1998 in Utrecht, Holland. The conference brought together a wide range of scholars concerned with understanding the place and role of literature in its social, historical, psychological, linguistic, and other dimensions, and who seek to advance our knowledge through empirical methods or more effective theoretical perspectives that may lead to empirical research. This special issue is based on papers from this conference, and represents just a small part of its rich variety.

ELT, a vast and growing field of research, has now moved beyond primary concerns related to developing learners'proficiency in the language and designing curricula, syllabi, materials and assessment tools. It is witnessing rapid development towards de-centralizing and de-elitizing English, promoting multilingual approaches for teaching English and bridging the gap between language-in-education policies and practices.Critical Issues in ELT compiles research papers by linguists, language teachers, and English language teaching professionals to present contemporary debates on critical issues related to English language teaching, primarily in India. The subject matter of this book includes a variety of articles based on empirical data. It discusses the challenges facing ELT today and also includes papers discussing theoretical positions/frameworks/issues in ELT, classroom-based action research projects, and personal narratives.Print edition not for sale in South Asia (India, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bangladesh, Pakistan or Bhutan)

Originally published in 1994, International Developments in Assuring Quality in Higher Education describes a range of national and international developments which evaluate the quality of education provided by public and private tertiary institutions. The book is based on papers from a conference organized by the International Network of Quality Assurance Agencies in Higher Education, and held in Montreal in 1993. Regional perspectives from Africa, Asia and the Pacific, Latin America, North America and Western Europe are followed by an account of national quality assurance agencies in Chile, Denmark, Korea, New Zealand, South Africa, Quebec, Romania, Scotland and the USA. There are also chapters on the work of UNESCO and the World Bank in promoting quality in higher education in industrialising nations. Together these papers supplement the account of international initiatives.

Originally published in 1984, the articles presented here explore such matters as how teachers maintain order, how they treat their pupils and how they cope with pressure; they examine the ways in which teachers relate to their colleagues, what goes on in staffrooms, how they engage in educational debate, and what their ambitions are. The contributors get to grips with what it is really like to be a teacher, to make sense of the everyday rewards and penalties, opportunities and problems.This is the hallmark of the ethnographic method of educational inquiry. It brings to life (by close observation and/or in-depth interview) the internal workings of an institution or culture, revealing the perspectives of its members, their roles and adaptations and making explicit the routine or taken-for-granted features of institutional life.All the papers in the volume are to one degree or another located within this methodological tradition – they all begin with what life is actually like for teachers in schools. Though they draw on a range of theoretical perspectives, from interactionism and ethnomethodology, to Marxism and the ‘New Sociology of Education'; and more besides.In this volume the editors bring together examples of some of the most important and influential pieces of work which illustrate the range of material, and which have hitherto been spread widely among different research reports, academic journals, and collections of conference papers. Classrooms and Staffrooms provides a fund of quality source materials for initial and in-service teachers.

Since the founding of Project Head Start in 1965, there has been intense public as well as academic debate about the effectiveness of early intervention programs in producing lasting gains in children's intellectual development. In the past few years, new evidence has accumulated at a rapid pace, and there are now over 100 major studies of longitudinal experiments and Head Start program evaluations. A series of longitudinal studies of early intervention experiments was begun in the 1960s. The children who participated in these programs are now past the third grade and old enough to give reliable responses to IQ and achievement tests. In addition, they have now been in school long enough to allow examination of their overall school performance. This volume includes reports which review both center and house-based early intervention programs. One of the papers presents preliminary findings from the Developmental Continuity Consortium which is pooling the data from 12 major longitudinal experiments. The authors cite evidence for late developing gains which seem permanent. These'sleeper effects'were not manifest in the scores of the same groups of children in the first few years of the postintervention period. In addition to IQ and achievement gains, there is also evidence for gains in emotional adjustment. Early intervention appears to have dramatic effects in the assignment of children to special education classes and on retention in grade, somehow enabling them to maintain their position in the classroom. In all, the papers describe 96 major studies which report positive impacts from early intervention programs.

This title was first published in 2000: Why do mature women return to education? On the face of it, the answer would seem obvious - to gain qualifications which they had not acquired in their earlier learning. However their return to learning seems to be much more than just about paper qualifications. This book describes the experiences of a number of mature women students who return to learning some time after their compulsory schooling. It looks at the links which the women make between their life stories and their return to education. In particular, it focuses upon a number of women who talk of painful experiences either past or current in their lives - experiences such as manipulative and controlling parents, psychological, physical and sexual abuse, an alcoholic parent, the death of a child or other family members and other difficult life events. These experiences have had a considerable and often ongoing effect on the women's lives and their return to education seems to be much more than just about paper qualifications. For example, the women talked of confidence, status, proving ability, self respect and independence and what emerged very clearly from their stories was the desire to have some power and control over the way in which their identity was defined. The book breaks new ground in that it makes clear links between the women's return to education, their past, often very painful experiences and identity. Sometimes the women make very clear connections, but at other times the connections are less explicit, though nevertheless powerful. This is an new area which will contribute to the growing literature on women returners. It will be of interest to lecturers and researchers in many disciplines and will raise awareness of some of the unexpressed reasons for women returning to education.

This book explores theories of space and place in relation to autonomy in language learning. Encompassing a wide range of linguistically and culturally diverse learning contexts, this edited collection brings together research papers from academics working in fourteen countries. In their studies, these researchers examine physical, virtual and metaphorical learning spaces from a wide range of theoretical and interdisciplinary perspectives (semiotic, ecological, complexity, human geography, linguistic landscapes, mediated discourse analysis, sociocultural, constructivist and social constructivist) and methodological approaches. The book traces its origins to the first-ever symposium on space, place and autonomy, which was held at the International Association of Applied Linguistics (AILA) 2014 World Congress in Brisbane. The final chapter, which presents a thematic analysis of the papers in this volume, discusses the implications for theory development, further enquiry, and pedagogical practice.

The papers of this special issue demonstrate that cognitive load theory provides the framework for investigations into cognitive processes and instructional design. The genesis of Cognitive Load Theory emerged from an international symposium organized at the bi-annual conference of the European Association for Research on Learning and Instruction in 2001 in Fribourg, Switzerland. Most of the papers are based on contributions to that symposium and discuss the most recent work carried out within the cognitive load framework. As a whole, this issue is demonstrating that cognitive load theory is continuing its role of using cognitive psychology principles to generate novel instructional design procedures.

Our students must become skilled at finding answers and using information to succeed in college, careers, and daily life. Using inquiry, writing, and technology to infuse passion into the classroom research paper motivates students and results in deeper learning. In this practical, research-based book, authors Werner-Burke, Knaus, and DeCamp encourage you to toss the old index cards and jump-start the classroom research paper so that it is more meaningful, manageable, and effective. Explore innovative ways to help students find engaging topics, collect and evaluate information, and write, rethink, and revise to truly impact their audience. The book is filled with tools and student samples to help you implement the ideas in your own classroom. Special Features: Clear connections to the Common Core State Standards Ready-to-use classroom handouts for different stages of the research process A handy appendix featuring a sample research project timeline and rubric Helpful examples of real student work and assessments Research-based foundations that guide and inform how the process unfolds and why it works

This special issue is based on a workshop which began with a description and examination of the current National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) standard-setting model, then looked to standard-setting applications outside of education. These applications included those that focus on human performance and the adequacy of human performance; in these contexts, raters were asked to focus on the knowledge and skills that underlie competent performance. Researchers also examined applications that focus on the impact of environmental agents on life and the ecology; in these cases, raters began with the knowledge that more (or less) of a substance is better and, as for NAEP, the judgment task was to determine'how good is good enough.'They wished to examine parallels in the objectives, empirical grounding, judgmental requirements, and policy tensions for standard setting in NAEP and in other domains. These papers were commissioned to examine the current state of affairs and residual issues with respect to achievement-level setting in NAEP and to help determine whether the models and methods used in other disciplines have useful application to education. It is important to note that the papers represent the authors'views, not necessarily those of the committee or National Research Council. This issue and the workshop discussion point out a number of analogies between the objectives, requisite data, judgment requirements and policy issues for NAEP and other applications. The editors hope that this issue and wide distribution of these papers will prompt others to join in this interesting analysis and debate.

First Published in 1983. The papers in this volume were originally presented at a conference on The Future of Electronic Learning held at Teachers College, Columbia University in April of 1982, sponsored by the Electronic Learning Laboratory. Each paper has been revised for a reading audience rather than a listening audience, but the original questions from the audience and their answers have been retained as they give a sense of the conference and provide interesting information. The sub-title of the conference was Implications for Psychology and Education. The reader will find that the papers address both the new kinds of learning that will develop as a result of learning from electronic technology, as well as the new forms of teaching that will be needed. The purpose of the conference was to bring together an unusual group of experts who could address these questions for the future with special knowledge of the technology combined with a concern for education.

First published in 1983, Gender, Class and Education is a collection of papers that formed presentations at the Westhill Sociology of Education Conference in January 1982, and is the fifth such collection to emerge from the annual conference. The conference theme, ‘Race, Class and Gender', was not only chosen because of its topicality, but also to provide a framework for debate between educational researchers and teachers. The papers focus on the reproduction of gender relations through education and provide important insights into how this process works, how it is resisted in schools and colleges, and the possibilities for radical intervention. This volume includes three teaching bibliographies on gender and education which were not presented at the conference, but were compiled specially for the book.

This collection features papers addressing current issues in reading comprehension from cognitive and linguistic perspectives. Organized into three sections, the volume investigates text considerations and reader-text interactions. Each paper presents a substantial and comprehensive review of theory and research related to cognition and reading comprehension.

As the commitment to performance assessments as a strategy of reform has increased across the nation, so has the controversy surrounding the purposes, development, implementation, and effects of alternative forms of assessment. One of the first of its kind, this edited volume provides an incisive and comprehensive account of the issues pertaining to performance assessments. The 10 papers comprising the volume were originally written to establish a conceptual framework for a three-year U.S. Department of Education, Office of Educational Research and Improvement sponsored national study of performance assessments. Written by leading experts in the field, the papers explicate the central issues regarding the development, implementation, and utility of performance assessments. The topics covered by the papers include: • a discussion of contemporary as well as historical events in the performance assessment movement; • technical characteristics of performance assessments, including reliability, validity, generalizability, and calibration; • conceptualization and calculation of the costs of performance assessments; • the implications of performance assessments on students who have traditionally done less well in American schools, including racial and linguistic minorities; • the fit between performance assessments and organizational change in education; and • the utilization of performance assessment as an instrument of state policy. Readers will find the policy and technical issues covered in this volume to be useful from a variety of academic, research, and policy perspectives including conceptualizing and implementing performance assessments.

This volume of topical working papers makes available to teachers and to others information intended to stimulate discussion so that all educators may bring their judgement and experience to bear on the concerns of the School Council and contribute to its work. The papers describe plans for curriculum development projects at their formative stages, when comment can be particularly helpful; report on conferences and summarize findings and opinions on debated questions about the curriculum and examination in schools.

This is not a standard guide to writing a dissertation, thesis, project report, journal article or book. Rather, this book will help researchers who are dissatisfied with the typical recipe approaches to standardised forms of writing-up and want to explore how academic writing can be used to greater effect. Writing Research Critically shows that writing up is not just about ‘presenting findings'as if the facts would speak for themselves. As the authors show there are certain vital skills that any writer needs to develop within their academic writing, such as the ability to: develop critical understanding and a personal academic voice question assumptions and the status quo frame the background and transgress the frame read between the lines when reviewing the literature strengthen interpretations and conctruct persuasive arguments challenge and develop theory and explanations develop ideas that create possibilities for realistic action Packed with examples from a range of writing projects (papers, dissertations, theses, reports, journal articles and books), this book provides a practical and refreshing way to approach and present research. Through case studies the authors offer a step-by-step guide from the early stages of planning a writing project, whether an undergraduate paper or a professional publication, to the polishing processes that make the difference between a merely descriptive account to an argument that intends to be critical and persuasive. Written in a clear accessible style this book will inspire a wide range of researchers from undergraduates to postgraduates, early career researchers and experienced professionals working across a wide range of fields, and demonstrate how research can have more impact in the real world.

At the time this book was first published the disciplines of philosophy of education, educational psychology, sociology of education and the history of education had developed rapidly. The papers in this volume outline the developments that took place. The first paper analyses the nature of a theory concerned with determining practice and the place of academic disciplines within that. What emerges is the crucial role of these disciplines, but also the need to develop much more adequately a domain of practical principles, assessed and critically reformulated in the light of those disciplines. The following papers are concerned with the contributions four of those disciplines are now making.

A collection of key papers given at three international conferences in Britain, the United States and Canada on race relations and multiculturalism are drawn together in this book. The first section includes three papers on the state of theory in race relations; the second contains papers on educational themes, examining in particular the pitfalls in multicultural education. It also looks at the development and problems of second language education for minority groups in several countries. The final section focuses on special topics including the adjustment and identity of children of mixed race marriages; the plight of children from Canada's native communities; and the hearing impaired as a minority group.

The educational implications of cultural pluralism attracted a good deal of attention in Western societies in the 1970s and 1980s, on the grounds of equality and human rights, maximising national talent, and maintaining social cohesion. Maurice Craft and the international contributors to this book highlight the potential of teacher education, and in this wide-ranging analytical review for its key role in providing for ethnic minority children, in respect of access and achievements, and also for all children to acquire informed and tolerant attitudes.This book makes an important contribution to a small but growing literature, concentrating on initial rather than in-service teacher education, and it brings together papers from experienced specialists from eleven countries worldwide: Australia, Britain, Canada, Israel, Malaysia, Northern Ireland, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, The Netherlands and the USA. The papers are concerned with the needs both of diverse classrooms and diverse societies, and also consider general principles and comparative perspectives.Of interest to the specialist and non-specialist alike, Teacher Education in Plural Societies: An International Review deals with an important and timely issue – how best to prepare teachers to meet the needs of both minority – and majority – culture pupils who are growing up in plural societies.

Even though the curriculum can be tightly specified and controlled by strong accountability mechanisms, it is teachers who decisively shape the educational experiences of children and young people at school. Bringing together seminal papers from the Cambridge Journal of Education around the theme of curriculum and the teacher, this book explores the changing conceptions of curriculum and teaching and the changing role of the teacher in curriculum development and delivery. The book is organised around three major themes: Taking its lead from Lawrence Stenhouse, Part One looks at ‘defining the curriculum problem'from a variety of perspectives and includes papers from some of the most influential curriculum theorists over the last thirty years. Part Two explores the framing of new orders of educational experience. It has papers from leading educational thinkers who have contributed to debates about how to make education more inclusive, humane, liberating, creative and educational. Part Three is focused on teachers and teaching. It offers a selection of papers from significant scholars in the field reflecting on the experience of teaching and how it is personally as well as socially constructed and theorised. The papers are drawn from important and eventful periods of educational history spanning the curriculum reform movement of the 1960s and 1970s to the present age of surveillance, accountability and control. A specially written Introduction contextualises the papers.Part of the Routledge Education Heritage series, Curriculum and the Teacher presents landmark texts from the Cambridge Journal of Education, offering a wealth of material for students and researchers in education.

Education, Globalisation and New Times comprises a selection of the most influential papers published over the twenty-one years of the Journal of Education Policy. Written by many of the leading scholars in the field, these seminal papers cover a variety of subjects, sectors and levels of education, focused around the following major themes: education, globalisation and new times policy theory and method policy and equity. Compiled by the journal's editors, Stephen Ball, Ivor Goodson and Meg Maguire, the book illustrates the development of the field of education policy studies, and the specially written Introduction contextualises the selection, whilst introducing students to the main issues and current thinking in the field.

This Reader brings together selected papers from leading scholars to address the most significant recent development in educational policy and politics: the impact of globalisation. The papers discuss, document and analyse evidence of globalisation's effects on the new direction of education policies and practices, and in the production of globalised agendas for the redesign of state provision and the governance of education. The Reader is organised in two parts. The first part provides a selection of articles that interrogate globalisation and its effects from a variety of analytical perspectives, and explore what kind of politics are possible in the framing context of globalisation. The second part documents and discusses different types of engagement with politics and policy in a variety of settings and sectors, including numerous European and Pacific Rim policy contexts. This important collection underlines the need to approach globalisation, education policy and politics from numerous perspectives, and offers analytical, empirical and theoretical resources for the reframing of contemporary education politics. Students of educational policy and politics will find this Reader an invaluable resource for understanding, theorising and researching in these academic fields.

Drawing on a lifetime's experience and research in education, Frank Coffield brings together some of his previously published papers to assess the impact of a wide range of national educational policies and to examine the role of the state in public education.He concludes that damage has been done to education by political parties of both right and left and that damage will not be reversed until: further, vocational and adult education receive the same levels of commitment and resource as other sectors; serious steps are taken to tackle Britain's unacceptable levels of poverty; and the powers of the state are reduced.Among the unresolved challenges highlighted are the plight of young people from deprived estates; their tactics in dealing with unemployment; the task of improving learning, schools, inspection, and system governance; the failure to increase productivity being blamed solely on education; and the dysfunctional and undemocratic political framework on which education reform is forced to depend.An essential read for anyone in education, this provocative criticism of our past and current educational'system'provides an accessible as well as a humorous critique of educational policy and politics.

Providing a detailed guide to editing multi-authored publications such as a collection of papers, a special issue of a journal or an academic blog, this must-read book canvases the benefits and challenges of undertaking editorial work.This compact book is designed to guide new scholarly (co-)editors through the complex journey of editing. It provides considered and detailed advice on the less well-known scholarly practices and the processes, challenges and rewards of this work, throughout the process from start to finish, with a focus on ensuring successful outcomes for all.Practical advice is delivered throughout this book, mapped against the wider context of academic life and values, covering topics such as: Considering and preparing for how scholarly editing work fits with your academic career, your own values and your aspirations Building collaborative relationships with colleagues participating in the project, from publishers and co-editors to authors, reviewers and readers; and Understanding the specific requirements of edited monographs, journal special issues and multi-authored blogs, including insights into what can go wrong and how to manage recovery Offering critical insights into the realities of scholarly editing, this is an essential read for any academic who plans to undertake a scholarly editing project.The ‘Insider Guides to Success in Academia'offers support and practical advice to doctoral students and early-career researchers. Covering the topics that really matter, but which often get overlooked, this indispensable series provides practical and realistic guidance to address many of the needs and challenges of trying to operate, and remain, in academia.These neat pocket guides fill specific and significant gaps in current literature. Each book offers insider perspectives on the often implicit rules of the game – the things you need to know but usually aren't told by institutional postgraduate support, researcher development units, or supervisors – and will address a practical topic that is key to career progression. They are essential reading for doctoral students, early-career researchers, supervisors, mentors, or anyone looking to launch or maintain their career in academia.

Literacy and Growth is a unique genealogical study of English teaching in the UK and abroad since the 18th century. Focusing specifically on the concepts of literacy and growth, this book explores key moments in the development of ideas about English teaching.Hodgson and Harris reveal the Enlightenment forebears of such contemporary concepts as “cultural capital” and “critical literacy”; the significance of “growth” to the writers and social critics who opposed Victorian Utilitarianism; and the 20th-century influences that established English as a humane study, including the Newbolt Report, the Cambridge Scrutiny group, and the London School of Percival Gurrey and James Britton. The authors examine unpublished Dartmouth Conference papers to reconsider John Dixon's construction of “growth” in his seminal report Growth through English (1967). They reflect on the turbulent aftermath of Dartmouth, the changes in the “growth” model following the cultural turn in English studies, and the politics behind the shift from “English” to “literacy” in the 1990s. Importantly, they redefine the growth model for the 21st century to support teachers and students in the current context of performativity, high-stakes assessment, the “knowledge curriculum”, and artificial intelligence.Essential reading for tutors and students of English and literacy as well as policymakers in the subject area, this book will engage all those interested in the history and philosophy of English in education. It will be a key resource for those involved in the education and training of English teachers, as well as those undertaking research in English education.

This text rearticulates understandings of materials—blocks of clay, sheets of paper, brushes and paints, fabrics, and plastics—to formulate new ideas about what happens when we think with materials and apply them to early childhood development and classrooms.Through a series of ethnographic examples and engagement with existing ideas of relationality in the visual arts, feminist ethics, science studies, philosophy, anthropology, and environmental humanities, Encounters with Materials in Early Childhood Education highlights how materials can be conceptualized as active participants in early childhood education. Updated to include choreographies with fabrics and the process of reparation with plastics, this second edition shows how educators, young children, and researchers have explored what materials are capable of in their encounters with other materials and with children.The book is key reading for undergraduate students, graduate students, and pre-service teachers in early childhood education and art education programs. Access the Instructor and Student Resources at www.encounterswithmaterials.com.

What if you could challenge your twelfth-grade students to explore energy consumption and climate change in their own communities, and connect that information with other communities around the world? With this volume in the STEM Road Map Curriculum Series, you can!Creating Global Bonds outlines a journey that will steer your students toward authentic problem solving while grounding them in integrated STEM disciplines. Like the other volumes in the series, this book is designed to meet the growing need to infuse real-world learning into K–12 classrooms. This interdisciplinary, three-lesson module uses project- and problem-based learning to help students create an action plan to address issues of energy consumption and climate change, exploring the topic at both local and global levels. Students will gather data on energy consumption and climate change in their communities, partnering with international students to undertake problem-solving activities that examine issues that are both common and unique to each community.To support this goal, students will do the following: Identify modes and trends in energy consumption in their communities and regions Analyze how those patterns of energy consumption impact climate change Partner with students internationally to coordinate efforts to synthesize energy consumption data and discern connections across contexts, taking the form of an international blog Design and present an action plan to address issues of energy consumption and climate change, ultimately delivering a white paper and interactive web-based presentation on local and international issues of energy consumption and climate change The STEM Road Map Curriculum Series is anchored in the Next Generation Science Standards, the Common Core State Standards, and the Framework for 21st Century Learning. In-depth and flexible, Creating Global Bonds can be used as a whole unit or in part to meet the needs of districts, schools, and teachers who are charting a course toward an integrated STEM approach.

Computer Support for Collaborative Learning (CSCL) is a field of study centrally concerned with meaning and the practices of meaning-making in the context of joint activity, and the ways in which these practices are mediated through designed artifacts. This volume includes abstracts of papers that were presented during interactive poster sessions at CSCL 2002. Documenting an extremely heterogeneous, productive phase of inquiry with broad social consequences, these proceedings reflect the current state of CSCL research--particularly in North America and Western Europe.

Based on practical experiences and empirical research, Making Sense of Academic Conferences offers an introduction to the world of academic conferences. This accessible text also includes material to support researchers who are organising conferences.Offering guidance about presenting at, participating in, and planning a conference, it uncovers the purpose of conferences; their role in supporting researcher development; steps involved in selecting and travelling to a conference; routine practices and terminology; strategies for making the most out of conferences. Suitable for doctoral students and early career researchers, this book engages with all aspects of academic conferences, recognising that attending conferences is as much about presenting papers as discos and not spilling your tea on the keynote speaker.The book is ideally suited for graduate researchers and early career researchers, particularly those who may be going to their first conference, or travelling to their first international conference, and for more experienced academics who are working with novice conference attendees. The'Insider Guides to Success in Academia'offers support and practical advice to doctoral students and early-career researchers. Covering the topics that really matter, but which often get overlooked, this indispensable series provides practical and realistic guidance to address many of the needs and challenges of trying to operate, and remain, in academia.These neat pocket guides fill specific and significant gaps in current literature. Each book offers insider perspectives on the often implicit rules of the game -- the things you need to know but usually aren't told by institutional postgraduate support, researcher development units, or supervisors -- and will address a practical topic that is key to career progression. They are essential reading for doctoral students, early-career researchers, supervisors, mentors, or anyone looking to launch or maintain their career in academia.

Do you spend entirely too much time correcting your students'papers? Do your students'essays and term papers take side trips to nowhere? Is their writing riddled with mechanical errors? Do their lab reports and essays lack specificity and clarity?Writing in the Content Areas, Second Edition is for middle and high school content area teachers who assign essays, term papers, lab reports, and other writing tasks to students. This book provides strategies and tips to help teachers of social studies, science, art, etc. improve the quality of students'writing and apply national and state curriculum standards in your classroom. The strategies in this book can be integrated easily into every teacher's daily plans. They will help your students improve their abilities to - reflect before writing - organize and classify - provide detail without padding - use technical terminology correctly - avoid unnecessary words - spell correctly- take useful notes while they read and during your lectures.This book will help teachers - get what they want from a writing task - frame their assignments more precisely - correct student papers more quickly and efficientlyThe new second edition offers activities and strategies which involve technology (word processing, presentation programming, the Internet, and e-communications), differentiated instruction, and brain-based learning.

The National Association of Bilingual Education (NABE) published electronic issues of Volumes 1 and 2 of the NABE Journal of Research and Practice to offer archival records of 2002 and 2003 NABE conferences presentations. Beginning with Volume 3, the title of the publication is changed to NABE Review of Research and Practice and is published by Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc. for NABE.NABE Review of Research and Practice, Volume 3 fulfills the following goals: •to establish an annual archival record of cutting-edge NABE conference presentations that generate new knowledge and advance the field of bilingual education research; •to mentor junior scholars within the academic setting by providing an outlet for developing a publication record with the assistance of established scholars, and by publishing guidelines for developing high-quality dissertation research proposals and completed studies, and for university-based efforts to mentor doctoral students in bilingual education;•to offer, in the Research section, an outlet for theoretical and applied research studies that represent innovative conceptual and philosophical perspectives, and that also implement innovative methodologies for solving theoretical and applied problems in bilingual education;•to provide, in the AppliedEducation/Action Research section, an outlet for case studies, position papers, and action research that comes from practitioners in the field of bilingual education who are implementing research methodologies in their own classrooms or school districts (e.g., teacher-based research, evaluation studies conducted in the implementation of bilingual education federal and state grants); and•to present, in the Position Papers and Reflections section, reflections of experiences of bilingual researchers, practitioners, and public school and higher education students that give insightful self-accounts of the experiences of ethnic minority students, scholars, and educators that allow readers to learn from them as role models and advocates.For further information on NABE conferences and publications visit the NABE Web page at www.nabe.org.

Speech and Language Therapists are assumed to have a knowledge of AAC (Augmentative and Alternative Communication). The reality is that, unless they have had a student clinical placement in this field, they will qualify with very little experience in this area.This book is an approachable guide to AAC and covers the various types, including paper-based and voice-output communication aids. There is guidance on how to assess a person who might need AAC, and how to work collaboratively with those who support the person on a daily basis. The author discusses the importance of core vocabulary alongside a personalised vocabulary. There are pointers for referring to specialised services, signposting families to alternative sources of funding, and making a business case for buying AAC equipment.Written by an expert in the field, this book provides tips and strategies for SLTs who are brand new to AAC, as well as experienced clinicians wanting to gain further confidence in working with this varied client group.

Social-Emotional Learning Using Makerspaces and Passion Projects is chock-full of meaningful projects that educators can use to teach social-emotional skills in grades 3-6. The projects show students how to create a digital calming room, prototype an inclusive playground, and make recycled cards with paper circuits to spread kindness. They also teach young makers how to focus on self-regulation and self-care, engage in community outreach by helping struggling families, and tell their own stories using podcasting and green screening. In addition, the book provides teachers with helpful strategies for scaffolding passion projects, funding a makerspace, and tips for building community and celebrating diversity.With the engaging ideas in this book, educators will be able to help their students build direct connections to social awareness, relationship skills, responsible decision-making, self-management, and self-awareness (CASEL's SEL Framework).

Supporting Modern Teaching in Islamic Schools: Pedagogical Best Practice for Teachers advocates the revamp of the madrasah system and a review of the Islamic curriculum across Muslim countries and emphasises training needs for Islamic teachers for modern instructional practice.Islamic schools across Muslim countries face 21st-century challenges and teachers need continuing professional development to help them keep abreast of modern teaching practice. Books, papers, educators and parents have consistently called for curriculum change to transform teaching and learning in Islamic schools. Divided into three unique parts, Part 1 of the volume focusses on content knowledge, pedagogy and teaching methods; Part 2 highlights professional development, responsibilities and lifelong learning; and Part 3 comprises chapters on Islamic curriculum review, reform and Islamisation of knowledge.Scholars from the United States, United Kingdom, Europe, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Asia and Africa review the Islamic curriculum to highlight areas for further improvement and provide modern techniques and methods of teaching for pedagogical best practices and effective outcomes in Islamic schools. With these contributions, this volume will be of interest to OIC countries, Islamic student teachers and Islamic teachers who work in international and local settings.

For effective use, this book can be purchased alongside the professional guide, Supporting Children with DLD. Both books can be purchased together as a set, Supporting Children with DLD: A Picture Book and User Guide to Learn About Developmental Language Disorder [978-0-367-70920-4].This beautifully illustrated picture book has been created to develop awareness of Developmental Language Disorder and provides a unique opportunity to sensitively gain children's perspectives of the condition.Harry enjoys school, but faces daily challenges due to his language difficulties. When he is asked to write a story, he struggles to find the words to put his thoughts onto paper. He learns to share his stories through pictures instead and, in doing so, helps his supportive teacher understand what she can do to make life easier for him.With bright illustrations and language that can be accessed by children with DLD, this story can be used to start conversations about the lived experience of children with Developmental Language Disorder, giving them a voice and helping them express their thoughts and feelings. It can also be used as a training tool for teachers and other professionals.This is an essential resource for parents and practitioners looking to understand and support children with DLD.

First Published in 1991, Action Research for Change and Development presents a collection of papers evolved from an international symposium on Action Research in Higher Education, Government and Industry held in Brisbane in 1989. The book is structured in three parts. Part one consists of reflections on the meaning and theoretical foundation of action research. Part two discusses various aspects of action research methodology; and Part three presents case studies of action research. The aim of the book is to bring together international experts in action research in higher education in order to present and discuss a variety of models of action research which have been developed in parallel in many parts of the world. This book will be an essential read for scholars and researchers of education, higher education, business, industry, and community development.

This book presents the doctoral dissertation process as not just a way of getting a qualification or even a method of learning how to do research better, but as a substantial and significant piece of research in its own right. The book will inspire current and prospective PhD scholars to take up ambitious and large-scale study projects, dedicating this most important time to a worthy piece of research. This edited collection provides real and outstanding examples of multiple research design methodologies which will allow doctoral researchers to develop a wide set of research skills, leading to the development of a high-quality academic thesis from which peer reviewed research papers and books can emerge. Each main chapter presents the summary of a doctoral thesis, followed by focused aspects from the projects where the contributors highlight the development of a research design, the process involved in executing the design, and present selected findings with their implications. Each chapter concludes with the researchers'experiences of learning through this journey and the implications of the process for the development of the discipline and their own career. Ideal reading for doctoral students and supervisors, this book is a source of encouragement and motivation for new researchers seeking to challenge general perceptions in the social sciences that PhD or other doctoral research projects must be small-scale rather trivial studies, but can instead produce robust findings that have real-world implications.

The Narrative Approach to Informed Consent: Empowering Young Children's Rights and Meaningful Participation is a practical guide for researchers who want to engage young children in rights-based, participatory research. This book presents the Narrative Approach, an original and innovative method to help children understand their participation in research. This approach moves away from traditional paper-based consent to tailor the informed consent process to the specific needs of young children. Through the Informing Story, which employs a combination of interaction, information and narrative, this method enables children to comprehend concepts through storytelling. Researchers are stepped through the development of an Informing Story so that they can deliver accurate information to young children about what their participation in research is likely to involve. To further inform practice, the book documents the implementation of the Narrative Approach in four case studies demonstrating the variety of settings in which the method can be applied.The Narrative Approach to Informed Consent addresses the rights of young children to be properly researched, expands opportunities for their active and engaged research participation, and creates a unique conceptual ethical space within which meaningful informed consent can occur. This book will be an invaluable tool for novice and experienced researchers and is applicable to a wide range of education and non-education contexts.

The fully updated third edition of Successful Writing for Qualitative Researchers includes new material on the nature of qualitative research and the significance of contemporary circumstances in which academic writers have to work, as well as ethical considerations and authorial responsibilities. It provides a wealth of information and practical tips required to successfully translate qualitative research into writing.Using a wide range of examples, the authors provide tried and tested methods that explore the mindsets, strategies and techniques involved in successful qualitative writing, and the opportunities and rewards that are available. Considering the continuing pressure on researchers to produce high-quality writing in difficult circumstances, this book provides guidance on: The nature of qualitative research The conditions for successful writing The responsibilities of the author Getting started and keeping going Organising your work Traditional and arts-based modes of writing Styles of writing Editing your work Preparing for publication Clear, concise, and engaging, this must-read guide is suitable for all those in the social sciences seeking to formulate their qualitative research into writing with maximum effectiveness, including undergraduates, postgraduates, and academics, whether in dissertations, theses, research reports, journal and magazine articles, conference papers or books.

Academic Writing for University Students is designed to help all students succeed in writing essays, reports and other papers for coursework and exams effectively. Academic writing is often the biggest challenge facing college and university students, but this book provides all the tools needed to master the necessary skills. The book is divided into four parts, to help teachers and students easily find the help they need, both in the classroom and for self-study: The Writing Process: From finding suitable sources, through to editing and proofreading Writing Types: Practice with common assignments such as reports and cause-effect essays Writing Tools: Skills such as making comparisons, definitions, punctuation and style Lexis: Academic vocabulary, using synonyms, nouns, adjectives, verbs and adverbs This key handbook breaks down and practises every stage of essay writing. All units are fully cross-referenced, and a complete set of answers to the practice exercises is included. In addition, the companion website hosts comprehensive teaching notes as well as more challenging exercises, revision material and links to other sources. Designed for self-study as well as classroom use, this book uses authentic academic texts from a range of sources and provides models for common writing tasks such as case studies, while progress checks are included for each part to enable students to assess their learning. Academic Writing for University Students is an invaluable guide to all aspects of academic writing in English.

Closing the Achievement Gap is made up of six articles. The first paper examines Cleveland's restructuring initiative in light of two theories on early adolescent development: person-in-environment theory and the focal theory of change. This is followed by a study that illustrates the difference in academic performance between low-income children and their peers, minority children and their classmates, and those schools that serve a majority of children from low-income families and those that serve a more advantaged population. The third article summarizes key findings of a study that examined the reform efforts of three large urban school districts and a portion of a fourth that had been successful in improving student achievement and reducing racial achievement gaps. It also discusses the implications for research and technical assistance. Next, survey data on 15,800 high school students from three urban school districts is used to investigate the impact of school-level support for higher educational attainment and school racial composition on students'actual educational aspirations. The final article explores whether reading books during summer vacation improves fall reading proficiency and whether access to books increases the volume of summer reading.

Each book in the 10 Performance-Based Projects series provides 10 ready-made projects designed to help students achieve higher levels of thinking and develop 21st-century skills. Projects are aligned to the Common Core State Standards, allowing students to explore and be creative as well as gain enduring understanding. Each project represents a type of performance assessment, including portfolios, oral presentations, research papers, and exhibitions. Included for each project is a suggested calendar to allow teacher scheduling, mini-lessons that allow students to build capacity and gain understanding, as well as multiple rubrics to objectively assess student performance. The lessons are presented in an easy-to-follow format, enabling teachers to implement projects immediately.Grades 3-5