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This contributed volume collects papers presented during a special session on integral methods in science and engineering at the 2023 International Conference on Computational and Mathematical Methods in Science and Engineering (CMMSE), held in Cadiz, Spain from July 3-8, 2023. Covering the applications of integral methods to scientific developments in a variety of fields, the chapters in this volume are written by well-known researchers in their respective disciplines and present new results in both pure and applied mathematics. Each chapter shares a common methodology based on a combination of analytic and computational tools, an approach that makes this collection a valuable, multidisciplinary reference on how mathematics can be applied to various real-world processes and phenomena.

This monograph explores the dynamics in the particular but very important and significant case of quasi-integrable Hamiltonian systems, or integrable systems slightly perturbed by other forces. With both analytic and numerical methods, the book studies several of these systems - such as the hydrogen atom and the solar system, with the associated Arnold web - through modern tools such as the frequency-modified Fourier transform, wavelets, and the frequency-modulation indicator. Meanwhile, it draws heavily on the more standard KAM and Nekhoroshev theorems. Geography of Order and Chaos in Mechanics contains many figures that illuminate its concepts in novel ways, but perhaps its most useful feature is its inclusion of software to reproduce the various numerical experiments. The graphical user interfaces of five supplied MATLAB programs allows readers without any knowledge of computer programming to visualize and experiment with the distribution of order, chaos and resonances in various Hamiltonian systems. This monograph will be a valuable resource for professional researchers and certain advanced undergraduate students in mathematics and physics, as well as an exceptional reference for PhD students with an interest in perturbation theory. The Second Edition includes a new chapter on theoretical and numerical results in the study of the solar system's (in)stability obtained since publication of the First Edition, clarifying the topological mechanism that causes the sudden increase in Mercury's eccentricity. An updated version of the companion software is also provided, which contains new features and better Graphical User Interfaces. Thanks to the compiled versions, all the software can be used even if the user does not have access to a MATLAB installation.

This is the first book that sums up test-related modeling of digital circuits and systems by a new structural-decision-diagrams model. The model represents structural and functional information jointly and opens a new area of research.The book introduces and discusses applications of two types of structural decision diagrams (DDs): low-level, structurally synthesized binary DDs (SSBDDs) and high-level DDs (HLDDs) that enable diagnostic modeling of complex digital circuits and systems.Topics and features:Provides the definition, properties and techniques for synthesis, compression and optimization of SSBDDs and HLDDsProvides numerous working examples that illustrate the key points of the textDescribes applications of SSBDDs and HLDDs for various electronic design automation (EDA) tasks, such as logic-level fault modeling and simulation, multi-valued simulation, timing-critical path identification, and test generationDiscusses the advantages of the proposed model to traditional binary decision diagrams and other traditional design representationsCombines SSBDDs with HLDDs for multi-level representation of digital systems for enabling hierarchical and cross-level solving of complex test-related tasksThis unique book is aimed at researchers working in the fields of computer science and computer engineering, focusing on test, diagnosis and dependability of digital systems. It can also serve as a reference for graduate- and advanced undergraduate-level computer engineering and electronics courses.Three authors are affiliated with the Dept. of Computer Systems at the Tallinn University of Technology, Estonia: Raimund Ubar is a retired Professor, Jaan Raik and Maksim Jenihhin are tenured Professors. Artur Jutman, PhD, is a researcher at the same university and the CEO of Testonica Lab Ltd., Estonia.

This unique book offers an introductory course on category theory, which became a working language in algebraic geometry and number theory in the 1950s and began to spread to logic and computer science soon after it was created. Offering excellent use of helpful examples in Haskell, the work covers (among other things) concepts of functors, natural transformations, monads, adjoints, universality, category equivalence, and many others. The main goal is to understand the Yoneda lemma, which can be used to reverse-engineer the implementation of a function. Later chapters offer more insights into computer science, including computation with output, nondeterministic computation, and continuation passing. Topics and features: Contains rigorous mathematical arguments to support the theory Provides numerous Haskell code-implementing examples Engages with plentiful diagram chasing, with special emphasis on the design patterns for constructing a large diagram out of basic small pieces Offers insights into category theory to quantum computing and the foundation of computing discipline Serves as a preparatory course for monoidal categories and higher categories The work will be useful to undergraduate students in computer science who have enough background in college mathematics such as linear algebra and basics in Haskell polymorphic functions. Further, it will appeal to graduate students and researchers in computing disciplines who want to newly acquire serious knowledge of category theory.

Petri nets model concurrent and distributed systems where active components communicate through the production and absorption of various kinds of resources. Although the dynamic properties of such systems may be very complex, they may sometimes be connected to the static structure of a Petri net. Many properties are decidable, but their complexity may be huge. It is often opportune to restrict oneself to classes of systems, to partial algorithms, and to similar but simpler properties. Instead of analysing a given system, it is also possible to search for a system satisfying some desired properties by construction. This comprehensive textbook/reference presents and discusses these issues in-depth in the context of one of the most fundamental Petri net models, called place/transition nets. The presentation is fortified by means of many examples and worked exercises. Among topics addressed: • In which order may actions may be generated and scheduled? • What states and configurations may be reached in a concurrent system? • Which interesting classes of systems can be analysed relatively efficiently? • Is it possible to synthesise a system of some class from its behaviour? • How can systems be represented algebraically, compositionally, and concisely? This unique text, based on introductory as well as on advanced courses on distributed systems, will serve as an invaluable guide for students and (future) researchers interested in theoretical—as well as in practical—aspects of Petri nets and related system models. Eike Best has been a full professor (now retired) affiliated to Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Germany. Raymond Devillers has been a full professor (now retired) affiliated to Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium. The authors have a long record as collaborators in the fields of Petri nets and the semantics of concurrency.

This volume explores a number of exciting developments in the field of nonlinear dispersive waves with a particular focus on waves arising in the ocean. Chapters are based on talks given at the workshop “Nonlinear Dispersive Waves” that was held at University College Cork, Ireland, on April 24-25, 2023. Specific topics covered include: The recovery of steady rotational wave surface profiles; Hamiltonian models for the propagation of long gravity waves; Waves propagating at the surface of a fluid covered by floating ice plates; The use of spherical coordinates to describe arctic ocean waves; Boundary value problems related to the Muskat Problem. Nonlinear Dispersive Waves will appeal to researchers as well as graduate students interested in this active area of research.

This monograph deals with the Hadamard products of algebraic varieties. A typical subject of study in Algebraic Geometry are varieties constructed from other geometrical objects. The most well-known example is constituted by the secant varieties, which are obtained through the construction of the join of two algebraic varieties, which, in turn, is based on the operation of summing two vectors. However, other constructions are possible through a change of the basic operation. One remarkable case is based on the Hadamard product of two vectors. While secant varieties of algebraic varieties have been studied extensively and systematically, the same is not yet true for the Hadamard products of algebraic varieties. This monograph aims to bridge this gap in the literature.The topic is presented in a self-contained manner, and it is accessible to all readers with sound knowledge of Commutative Algebra and Algebraic Geometry. Both experienced researchers and students can profit from this monograph, which will guide them through the subject. The foundational aspects of the Hadamard products of algebraic varieties are covered and some connections both within and outside Algebraic Geometry are presented. The theoretical and algorithmic aspects of the subject are considered to demonstrate the effectiveness of the results presented. Thus, this monograph will also be useful to researchers in other fields, such as Algebraic Statistics, since it provides several algebraic and geometric results on such products.

This book covers the basics of numerical methods. Avoiding the definition-theorem-proof style, it instead focuses on numerical examples and simple pseudo-codes. The text begins with a chapter on floating point arithmetic before moving on to discuss norms, conditions numbers, solutions of systems of equations, the least squares problem, eigenvalue problems, interpolation, numerical integration, ordinary differential equations, optimization (including a detailed case study), and practical error estimations. Exercises (partly in MATLAB) are provided at the end of each chapter. Suitable for readers with minimal mathematical knowledge, the book not only offers an elementary introduction to numerical mathematics for programmers and engineers but also provides supporting material for students and teachers of mathematics.

Logicians have developed beautiful algorithmic techniques for the construction of computably enumerable sets. This textbook presents these techniques in a unified way that should appeal to computer scientists. Specifically, the book explains, organizes, and compares various algorithmic techniques used in computability theory (which was formerly called'classical recursion theory'). This area of study has produced some of the most beautiful and subtle algorithms ever developed for any problems. These algorithms are little-known outside of a niche within the mathematical logic community. By presenting them in a style familiar to computer scientists, the intent is to greatly broaden their influence and appeal. Topics and features: · All other books in this field focus on the mathematical results, rather than on the algorithms. · There are many exercises here, most of which relate to details of the algorithms. · The proofs involving priority trees are written here in greater detail, and with more intuition, than can be found elsewhere in the literature. · The algorithms are presented in a pseudocode very similar to that used in textbooks (such as that by Cormen, Leiserson, Rivest, and Stein) on concrete algorithms. · In addition to their aesthetic value, the algorithmic ideas developed for these abstract problems might find applications in more practical areas. Graduate students in computer science or in mathematical logic constitute the primary audience. Furthermore, when the author taught a one-semester graduate course based on this material, a number of advanced undergraduates, majoring in computer science or mathematics or both, took the course and flourished in it. Kenneth J. Supowit is an Associate Professor Emeritus, Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, US.

Computational fluid-structure interaction (FSI) and flow simulation are challenging research areas that bring solution and analysis to many classes of problems in science, engineering, and technology. Young investigators under the age of 40 are conducting much of the frontier research in these areas, some of which is highlighted in this volume. The first author of each chapter took the lead role in carrying out the research presented. Some of the topics explored includeDirect flow simulation of objects represented by point cloudsComputational investigation of leaflet flutter in thinner biological heart valve tissuesHigh-fidelity simulation of hydrokinetic energy applicationsHigh-resolution isogeometric analysis of car and tire aerodynamicsComputational analysis of air-blast-structure interactionHeart valve computational flow analysis with boundary layer and leaflet contact representationComputational thermalmulti-phase flow for metal additive manufacturingThis volume will be a valuable resource for early-career researchers and students — not only those interested in computational FSI and flow simulation, but also other fields of engineering and science, including fluid mechanics, solid mechanics, and computational mathematics – as it will provide them with inspiration and guidance for conducting their own successful research. It will also be of interest to senior researchers looking to learn more about successful research led by those under 40 and possibly offer collaboration to these researchers.

This volume presents state-of-the-art developments in theoretical and applied fluid mechanics. Chapters are based on lectures given at a workshop in the summer school Fluids under Control, held in Prague on August 25, 2021. Readers will find a thorough analysis of current research topics, presented by leading experts in their respective fields. Specific topics covered include: Magnetohydrodynamic systemsThe steady Navier-Stokes-Fourier systemBoussinesq equationsFluid-structure-acoustic interactions Fluids under Control will be a valuable resource for students interested in mathematical fluid mechanics.

This contributed volume explores innovative research in the modeling, simulation, and control of crowd dynamics. Chapter authors approach the topic from the perspectives of mathematics, physics, engineering, and psychology, providing a comprehensive overview of the work carried out in this challenging interdisciplinary research field. The volume begins with an overview of analytical problems related to crowd modeling. Attention is then given to the importance of considering the social and psychological factors that influence crowd behavior – such as emotions, communication, and decision-making processes – in order to create reliable models. Finally, specific features of crowd behavior are explored, including single-file traffic, passenger movement, modeling multiple groups in crowds, and the interplay between crowd dynamics and the spread of disease.Crowd Dynamics, Volume 4 is ideal for mathematicians, engineers, physicists, and other researchers working in the rapidly growing field of modeling and simulation of human crowds.

This volume contains a collection of articles on state-of-the-art developments in the construction of theoretical integral techniques and their application to specific problems in science and engineering. Chapters in this book are based on talks given at the Seventeenth International Conference on Integral Methods in Science and Engineering, held virtually in July 2022, and are written by internationally recognized researchers. This collection will be of interest to researchers in applied mathematics, physics, and mechanical, electrical, and petroleum engineering, as well as graduate students in these disciplines and other professionals for whom integration is an essential working tool.

Large sparse linear systems of equations are ubiquitous in science, engineering and beyond. This open access monograph focuses on factorization algorithms for solving such systems. It presents classical techniques for complete factorizations that are used in sparse direct methods and discusses the computation of approximate direct and inverse factorizations that are key to constructing general-purpose algebraic preconditioners for iterative solvers. A unified framework is used that emphasizes the underlying sparsity structures and highlights the importance of understanding sparse direct methods when developing algebraic preconditioners. Theoretical results are complemented by sparse matrix algorithm outlines.This monograph is aimed at students of applied mathematics and scientific computing, as well as computational scientists and software developers who are interested in understanding the theory and algorithms needed to tackle sparse systems. It is assumed that the reader has completed a basic course in linear algebra and numerical mathematics.

This unique textbook, in contrast to a standard logic text, provides the reader with a logic that actually can be used in practice to express and reason about mathematical ideas.The book is an introduction to simple type theory, a classical higher-order version of predicate logic that extends first-order logic. It presents a practice-oriented logic called Alonzo that is based on Alonzo Church's formulation of simple type theory known as Church's type theory. Unlike traditional predicate logics, Alonzo admits undefined expressions. The book illustrates, using Alonzo, how simple type theory is suited ideally for reasoning about mathematical structures and constructing libraries of mathematical knowledge.Topics and features:Offers the first book-length introduction to simple type theory as a predicate logicProvides the reader with a logic that is close to mathematical practicePresents the tools needed to build libraries of mathematical knowledgeEmploys two semantics, one for mathematics and one for logicEmphasizes the model-theoretic view of predicate logicIncludes several important topics, such as definite description and theory morphisms, not usually found in standard logic textbooksAimed at students of computing and mathematics at the graduate or upper-undergraduate level, this book is also well-suited for mathematicians, computing professionals, engineers, and scientists who need a practical logic for expressing and reasoning about mathematical ideas.William M. Farmer is a Professor in the Department of Computing and Software at McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.

This contributed volume contains a collection of articles on state-of-the-art developments on the construction of theoretical integral techniques and their application to specific problems in science and engineering. Chapters in this book are based on talks given at the Symposium on the Theory and Applications of Integral Methods in Science and Engineering, held virtually in July 2021, and are written by internationally recognized researchers. This collection will be of interest to researchers in applied mathematics, physics, and mechanical and electrical engineering, as well as graduate students in these disciplines and other professionals for whom integration is an essential tool.

This volume examines current research in mechanics and its applications to various disciplines, with a particular focus on fluid-structure interaction (FSI). The topics have been chosen in commemoration of Dr. Bong Jae Chung and with respect to his wide range of research interests. This volume stands apart because of this diversity of interests, featuring an interdisciplinary and in-depth analysis of FSI that is difficult to find conveniently collected elsewhere in the literature. Contributors include mathematicians, physicists, mechanical and biomechanical engineers, and psychologists. This volume is structured into four thematic areas in order to increase its accessibility: theory, computations, experiments, and applications. Recent Advances in Mechanics and Fluid-Structure Interaction with Applications will appeal to established researchers as well as postdocs and graduate students interested in this active area of research.

Many of the most challenging problems in the applied sciences involve non-differentiable structures as well as partial differential operators, thus leading to non-smooth distributed parameter systems. This edited volume aims to establish a theoretical and numerical foundation and develop new algorithmic paradigms for the treatment of non-smooth phenomena and associated parameter influences. Other goals include the realization and further advancement of these concepts in the context of robust and hierarchical optimization, partial differential games, and nonlinear partial differential complementarity problems, as well as their validation in the context of complex applications. Areas for which applications are considered include optimal control of multiphase fluids and of superconductors, image processing, thermoforming, and the formation of rivers and networks.Chapters are written by leading researchers and present results obtained in the first funding phase of the DFG Special Priority Program on Nonsmooth and Complementarity Based Distributed Parameter Systems: Simulation and Hierarchical Optimization that ran from 2016 to 2019.

Mesh adaptation methods can have a profound impact on the numerical solution of partial differential equations. If devised and implemented properly, adaptation significantly reduces the size of the algebraic systems resulting from the discretization, while ensuring that applicable error tolerances are met. In this monograph, drawing from many years of experience, the authors give a comprehensive presentation of metric-based anisotropic hp-mesh adaptation methods.A large part of this monograph is devoted to the derivation of computable interpolation error estimates on simplicial meshes, which take into account the geometry of mesh elements as well as the anisotropic features of the interpolated function. These estimates are then used for the optimization of corresponding finite element spaces in a variety of settings. Both steady and time dependent problems are treated, as well as goal-oriented adaptation. Practical aspects of implementation are also explored, including several algorithms. Many numerical experiments using the discontinuous Galerkin method are presented to illustrate the performance of the adaptive techniques.This monograph is intended for scientists and researchers, including doctoral and master-level students. Portions of the text can also be used as study material for advanced university lectures concerning a posteriori error analysis and mesh adaptation.