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This book assesses the changes that the Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA) could produce by boosting the competitiveness of firms in India and Korea. It evaluates the CEPA in terms of its effects on the environment and natural resources of the importing and exporting countries alike. Further, it employs the revealed comparative advantage (RCA) and relative trade advantage (RTA) methods of analysis to gauge the influence of the CEPA on industrial competitiveness in both host and receiving countries. While the CEPA would increase trade between India and Korea in their respective strong domains, the book argues that, given the nature of the exported and imported goods and products, India would be more susceptible to serious environmental impacts than would Korea. The book subsequently presents these impacts in a qualitative framework and stresses the need for a comprehensive valuation of not only environmental impacts, but also the losses due to tariff cuts and the gains due to increased trade between the two countries.

Technical change is produced by the interaction of a large number of technical, economic, social and institutional factors. One of the starting points is the concept of national innovation systems. The aim of this book is to take Finland as an example illustrating the challenges faced by small countries. The characteristics and performance of the Finnish national innovation system of the last couple of decades are analyzed. The Finnish experience is put in a broader context by comparing it with a few other countries. The development paths possible in the near future are assessed. According to the results, many problems remain despite favourable developments in several technology indicators. The rigidities of the social institutions created during the 1970s and 1980s seem to have become obstacles for economic and technological development. There are fairly large differences between the countries studied, and even between the culturally and historically close Nordic countries. However,Finland and Sweden seem to share the same kind of encompassing collective risk-sharing systems, which may have detrimental effects on, for instance, incentives related to innovativeness. Increasing globalisation requires further development of the national system of innovation. Technology policy must be seen as one part of more encompassing social and economic policies, and the role of factors such as well-functioning institutions, appropriate education and sound incentive systems is highly important. The papers of this book are written by experts of various research disciplines. They reflect the respective views on the issue how technical change in Finland can be explained. It is also discussed how Finland fares in comparison to Denmark, Sweden, Japan and the United States.

This book contributes to growing literature on the role of business groups in the development of corporate sector and contains perspectives from the Indian economy. It brings together an array of well-researched papers that provide a comprehensive understanding of evolution and nature of the Indian business groups, as well as various aspects of their functioning. All chapters are primarily empirical, use appropriate quantitative techniques and are strongly grounded in relevant theories. This fine combination of data, techniques and theories is expected to provide the reader with in-depth understanding of the complex structures and behaviour of firms affiliated to business groups. Readers interested in the Indian corporate sector, especially Indian business groups, will find the book useful.

The present volume contains the texts of the papers and criti­ cal commentary presented at the one-day conference'Financing the world economy in the nineties'at Tilburg University (23 March 1988). This conference was organized by the Post-graduate School of Banking and Finance of'The Tilburg Institute of Advanced Studies'(T.I.A.S.) which is closely associated to Tilburg University. It should be borne in mind that all the chapters were written before March 1988. Although some were revised later, none of the authors has been asked to include develop­ ments which have occurred since. To achieve a better understanding of the current financial imbalances in the world economy and its consequences and to discuss the alternatives to correct these imbalances, this conference brought to­ gether outstanding authorities from the academic world, from the inter­ national supervisors, and from the industrial companies and the banks. After the editor's introduction about the external disequilib­ ria in the world economy and the burden of economic adjustment, Chapter 1 is the text of the opening address by Dr. Witteveen. He calls atten­ tion to the central issue, which financing needs that we can see now may persist into the nineties and how can they be met? In this context he mentions the U.S.-current account deficit, the need for stable exchange rates and the international debt problem.

This book provides a thorough understanding of the key policy debates on international trade and investment for development with a focus on the East African Community (EAC) to strengthen Member States'capacity to develop policies to promote their exports'competitiveness and diversification. Beyond Member States', the book serves as a base for a deeper understanding of the challenges, opportunities and requirements of the intra-continental trade agreement which is now in sight with the ratification of the Tripartite (EAC-COMESA-SADC) Free Trade Area that is critical in addressing key constraints to trade in the African continent. Moreover, the lessons from this edited volume may also extend to the challenges and opportunities of the African Continental Free Trade Area. The book brings together a comprehensive overview and an evidence-based analysis that can be considered best practice in the region. The trade and investment policy analysis of constraints and opportunities aims to improve trade and competitiveness and covers macro- (economy-wide), meso- (sectoral) and micro- (firm or household) levels. This multi-level approach is crucial for understanding how current trade and investment policies limit competitiveness and diversification in order to identify more tangible policy action for overcoming such constraints. The individual contributors follow comprehensive applied empirical approaches, and each chapter generates knowledge needed to identify key challenges and opportunities focusing on research-led policy-relevant approaches that enable readers to better understand national, bilateral, and multilateral cooperation as well as policies for sustainable development in East Africa. The contributors know the EAC context very well as their engagement in policymaking goes beyond the context of the papers they are writing about. The individual chapters were developed as part of a research and capacity building programme under the aegis of ACP and EUthat we implemented in 2020-2022. The research project well fits into the Frontiers in African Business Research series as we have many African contributors. The contributions matter to policymakers and academic circles. For students, the book serves as an excellent guide for understanding international trade and investment theories and gaining up-to-date knowledge on developments in the world economy and their effects on developing countries and SDGs. Trade policy researchers and students will be able to extend theories and empirical data to address new and emerging topics beyond the settings already covered in the book.

This volume presents the current thinking on finance and strategy inside China. It begins with research presented at the China Financial Markets Conference in 2016, jointly organized by the University of Malaya and the Sun Tzu Art of War Institute. It includes a talk by Check Teck Foo on Currency-at-War: A Longer View, as well as a highly innovative piece by Kishan on the New Chinese Paradigm in Finance, and Tianyue Lu and Wee-Yeap Lau's empirical work on China's Shadow Banking. Ignatius Roni Setyawan and Buddi Wibowo also offer compelling contributions on Determinants of Market Integration in ASEAN. Other topics include The intriguing poser: integrating China into ASEAN, will determinants be the same? and Real Estate and Inflation in China by Siew Peng Lee and Mansor Isa.The book also features contributions from the 7th Global Chinese Management Conference held in 2017. Of the several papers on Sun Tzu, Seow Wah Sheh's on Modeling of the Dao of SunTzu for Business was chosen along with Shi Yong Song's Legal Risks inside China and Sustainability Reporting by Xin Sheng Duan and Check-Teck Foo. Furthermore, contributions on Company Secretaries on Chinese Board of Directors by Guang You Liu and Xiao Hui Wang are included. Lastly, it presents Check-Teck Foo's interview with Singaporean Chinese forecaster, Jason Tan Beng Siang, discussing Chinese approaches to forecasting as well as his invention, San Bian Shu.

Pontus Braunerhjelm and Karolina Ekholm Over recent decades, foreign direct investment (FDI) has become a major force in the global economy. The geographical pattern of capital formation, trade and technological spillovers across countries and regions, are to an in­ creasing extent determined by the strategies chosen by multinational firms (MNFs). Between 1982 and 1994, the rate of growth of the global FDI stock was more than twice that of gross fixed capital formation, the growth of sales by foreign affiliates of multinational firms well exceeded that of world exports, and, by 1994, the MNFs accounted for approximately 6 percent of world output (United Nations, 1997, pp. xv-xvi). The overall mechanisms behind this rapid internationalization in terms of multinational produc­ tion have been attributed to the dismantling of trade barriers and the deregulation of capital markets, together with the advances in information technology that have facilitated the coordination and monitoring of inter­ nationally dispersed production. This development carries two important implications: First, firms operate in markets characterized by much tougher competition than only a decade ago, and, second, countries and regions are involved in competition for production to a much larger extent than before. This book addresses questions related to the location and geographical dispersion of the activities by multinational firms, a topic which has be­ come of increasing concern to policy-makers.

This book represents the tenth edition of what has become an established reference work, MAJOR COMPANIES OF THE Guide to the FAR EAST & AUSTRALASIA. This volume has been carefully researched and updated since publication of the previous arrangement of the book edition, and provides more company data on the most important companies in the region. The information in the This book has been arranged in order to allow the reader to book was submitted mostly by the companies themselves, find any entry rapidly and accurately. completely free of charge. Company entries are listed alphabetically within each section; The companies listed have been selected on the grounds of in addition three indexes are provided on coloured paper at the size of their sales volume or balance sheet or their the back of the book. importance to the business environment of the country in which they are based. The alphabetical index to companies throughout East Asia lists all companies having entries in the book irrespective of their The book is updated and published every year. Any company main country of operation. that considers it is eligible for inclusion in the next edition of MAJOR COMPANIES OF THE FAR EAST & AUSTRALASIA, The alphabetical index to companies within each country of should write to the publishers. No charge whatsoever is made East Asia lists companies by their country of operation. for publishing details about a company.

Increasingly companies'stakeholders require organisations to observe international standards prescribed by international laws, treaties, conventions, recommendations, and/or codes of conduct. The papers selected for this volume explore 1) the ethical pressures on international business to meet the challenges of diversity, 2) suggested methods of coping with diversity, and 3) the challenges required to overcome corporate self-interest in the search for new instruments. Collectively these articles reflect scholarly insights and corporate responses to diversity in international business, a topic of wide interest in contemporary business ethics.

See how thirty-six of China's most successful and innovative entrepreneurs are creating the global economy of tomorrow. In these pages you'll learn valuable lessons from remarkable business leaders, such as:• Zhang Yin, chairwoman of Nine Dragons Paper (Holdings) Limited, who trans- formed wastepaper into a personal fortune estimated at $3.4 billion• Lu Guanqiu, who turned a small farm-machinery workshop into China's largest auto-parts manufacturer, with sales of $7 billion• Yan Zhaoqiang, who saw opportunity in the global energy crisis and positioned his company, TCP, to become one of the world's major manufacturers of energy-efficient lightbulbs, with control of 70 percent of the U.S. market• Song Zhenghuan, a former math teacher who founded a company that is now the largest supplier of baby strollers in China­­Their stories offer inspiration to the entrepreneurs of tomorrow and capture the spirit of innovation and diligence that is the hallmark of the emerging economy of China today.

This book focuses on “Disruption and Change” in the Asian region. In this context, managers and policymakers face a fast transformation of existing structures and business environments. From a business perspective, change is the adoption of business strategies, activities, and operations that meet the needs of the firm and its stakeholder today while protecting, sustaining, and enhancing the human and natural resources that will be needed in the future. Disruption refers to the radical changes in existing industries or markets due to technological innovation breakthroughs. There is a consensus among scholars and practitioners that organizations must manage the change well to flourish in a competitive business environment. Many business models need to be rethought to establish new ways to stay competitive. The book, with its practical examples, gives the reader impulses for new Asian's approaches and encourages the readers to dare to think and act in new ways.

This book provides an in-depth exploration of indigenous entrepreneurship and its challenges while addressing ways to make businesses more inclusive and sustainable in the long term. Offering a balanced mix of critical perspectives, theoretical insights and practical implications, provided by both academics and practitioners, it examines how indigenous entrepreneurship practices in Southeast Asia challenge existing theories in business and management research. The chapters also explore the role of various stakeholders, such as the larger community and society, supply chain members, policy-makers, etc., in facilitating indigenous entrepreneurship.Highlighting the uniqueness and diversity of indigenous entrepreneurship in Southeast Asia, this book renders a comprehensive overview of contemporary indigenization topics, organized by Southeast Asian cultural and national contexts.

This edited volume provides a comprehensive and up-to-date understanding of the challenges and opportunities facing entrepreneurs in sub-Saharan Africa. It adopts a venture-ship approach, emphasizing the dynamic and uncertain nature of entrepreneurship and underscoring the need for entrepreneurs to continually innovate and adapt to evolving conditions. It encompasses a broad spectrum of themes, covering the cultural, institutional, and economic contexts in which entrepreneurial endeavors unfold. It also discusses the role of technology and innovation as well as financing and investment, in addition to the impact of entrepreneurship on economic development and social change. The chapters span diverse subject matter, including topics ranging from the cultivation of entrepreneurial culture and the influence of educational systems to the ramifications of political and economic frameworks on entrepreneurial expansion. Additionally, it addresses the significance of social entrepreneurship, the burgeoning presence of female entrepreneurs, the transformative effects of digitalization, and the consequences of regional and international collaborations. They encapsulate the insights and perspectives of an array of stakeholders, including researchers, scholars, entrepreneurs, investors, and policymakers who have actively engaged with the entrepreneurial landscape in sub-Saharan Africa.Bringing together contributions from a diverse group of scholars and practitioners, this book offers an original, multidisciplinary, and pragmatic vantage point on entrepreneurship within the region. It not only enriches the existing body of literature but also serves as a catalyst for further research and scholarly discourse among entrepreneurship researchers.

The purpose of this book is to highlight how current successful Japanese multinational enterprises (MNEs) and companies have changed their business or business models in the past three decades. Japanese MNEs received a lot of attention from academia and industry during the 1980s and the early 1990s, and their factors for success have been compared with those of Western MNEs. Unfortunately, following the collapse of the “bubble economy” in the early 1990s, international business researchers and practitioners'attention has turned away from Japan and its MNEs to emerging markets, notably the rapidly growing China.Japanese MNEs have faced the mature domestic economy and also have had to overcome many new challenges in the twenty-first century, such as rapid aging, depopulation, and response to new technologies. Japanese MNEs and companies today are being forced to respond to new business environments never seen in the past. The prerequisites for business activities have significantly changed from those of former Japanese companies and their management practices. Even in such a difficult situation, however, many Japanese MNEs and emerging companies have achieved steady growth and have succeeded by changing their business models. This book provides the reader with new directions for research and lessons by analyzing the challenges of Japanese multinational enterprises and emerging companies. The redirection of attention is expected to have a positive impact on the field of international business study and practice.

This new edition of International Business examines the impact of globalization on key aspects of the business environment. It offers a comprehensive overview of this phenomenon that is altering corporate strategy fundamentally, critiquing the complexities of globalization and its impact on international business.International Business offers a holistic examination of the processes that influence the evolution of strategy in the modern global economy. It is divided into three sections: impact of globalization: how globalization has driven the processes of regional integration and the emergence of transnational governance structures environmental drivers: how international strategy is shaped and the emergence of internationalized businesses resource issues: how resources can determine success in the global economy or impede firm evolution. Featuring a wealth of new case studies, updated pedagogy and a fresh new design, this new textbook will prove essential reading for all those studying international business.A companion website provides additional material for lecturers and students alike: www.routledge.com/textbooks/9780415437646.

This book explores the issues around small business and entrepreneurial activities in Africa within the context of frequent collapse of businesses, seizures by governments, lack of access to capital and raw materials as well as the reliance on the informal sector. All these issues, the Editors argue, have been exacerbated by the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, entrepreneurship must be at the heart of efforts to transform Africa's economic prospects to ensure sustained economic growth and decent work for all. In looking at the development of entrepreneurship for Africa's growth, contributors to this edited collection take an evolutionary approach by focusing on entrepreneurial intentions (where entrepreneurial ideas are formed), customer management (which is central to all entrepreneurial business success) and by also focusing on local and entrepreneurial business development. The book then ends with a discussion around technological innovations in small business development in Africa. Covering topics such as social entrepreneurship, international joint ventures and the impact of digital platforms, this conceptual path provides rich contemporary insights for students, researchers, and policy makers and contributes to the achievement of SDG 8 targets.

The rise of China poses a significant challenge to the existing, Western-dominated world economic order. The effectiveness of the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) is contingent on a smooth transition of the world's economic center toward the Asia-Pacific Region. For Western investors, the vast market opportunities can be tempting. However, the lack of experience and knowledge of international management in China – a country with radically different business rules and cultural background – poses a substantial risk. This book provides comprehensive insights into the fast-changing business world in China. Based on the authors'theoretical knowledge and invaluable years of practical experience, it discusses the various options for doing business in China, with current examples that demonstrate how European SMEs can successfully position themselves between multinational companies and local competitors. It also highlights new opportunities arising from China's international involvement (New Silk Road, RCEP) and addresses risk management for European SMEs operating in China. Moreover, it sheds light on how to form relationships of mutual trust between Chinese policymakers and their advisors/cooperation partners from abroad. Readers with an interest in doing business in China will find this book particularly valuable.

This book is an annual research report on the cruise industry in China and throughout the world in 2021, contributed by Shanghai University of Engineering and Technology and Shanghai International Cruise Economic Research Center. This volume consists of four parts to discuss general and special topics on global and China's cruise industry covering respond to COVID-19, cruise tourism market, public health emergency mechanism. It offers an all-rounded perspective and a strong foresight, as well as systematic studies on China's cruise industry in the context of routine COVID-19 control and the new dual circulation development pattern. And as 2021 marks the beginning of the 14th FYP period when various plans for the cruise industry were rolled out to chart the course and strategic paths toward development for the cruise industry, it focuses also on developments in China's cruise industry.

This open access book explores the intersection of gender and climate change, suggests ways in which innovative technologies can accelerate climate relief actions, and offers strategies for integrating climate change initiatives into national policies and planning. By examining the devastating consequences of climate change on women and girls throughout the continent, the authors pose a crucial question: Does gender matter in climate change discussions in Africa? Political and social traditions have burdened women with greater vulnerability to the impacts of climate-related natural disasters, including violence, displacement, poverty, famine and lack of access to clean water. However, women are also key to effective and inclusive climate mitigation, adaptation, and decision-making. The authors provide a compelling discourse that identifi es the social and economic benefi ts for all citizens when genderinclusive policies shape equitable and targeted action plans, from mitigationto adaptation and funding.The UN's SDG 13 calls for urgent action and commitment to combat climate change. The implementable and action-oriented propositions presented in this book will be of interest to students, educators, practitioners, third-sector actors, and policymakers committed to gender equality, sustainable development and climate action in Africa.

Over the decades, academic literature has too often neglected the complexities and diversity of the African continent and the challenges faced by both multinational companies working across Africa and domestic African companies, particularly in the field of human resources. This edited collection has been compiled with the aim of developing our understanding and practice of HRM in an African context within an increasingly global work milieu. Chapters focus on different African countries and are underpinned by a critical approach to HRM, which goes beyond focussing on the business cases but considers the sensitivity of the national context. The authors will draw on various types of research (conceptual, theoretical and empirical) and incorporate contextual issues such as technology, politics, culture, and economics to supplement the readers'insights into the current state of human resource management in African countries. By highlighting theoretical underpinnings and emphasising the practical relevance of HR issues, this proposed book will offer an insightful guide for students and scholars interested in HR and management in developing economies.

This two-part volume, the first of its kind, examines current pedagogical modules and research directions in public relations and communication management, identifying emerging issues driving the practice in Africa. In comparison to its Western and Asian counterparts, literature on public relations management in Africa is limited, and much of it is examined through the lenses of Western philosophies and pedagogies, failing to reflect Africa's socioeconomic, political, and cultural contexts. This project aims to change that. ​Albert Volume 2 brings together African scholars, moving beyond organizational impact to share the wider theoretical and practical perspectives on the practice of public relations on the continent, within its cultural, global, and technological milieu.Through conceptual discussions and empirical analyses, this volume shows how Africa is gradually coming out of the shadows of the Western world by building a body of knowledge the reflects the nature of public relations management on the continent. Chapters cover: how public relations contributes to strategic management in Africa; health communication and public relations management; strategic management of issues, as well as the implications of the fourth industrial revolution for public relations practice in Africa.

This book explores the potential of renewable energy sources to promote sustainable development in Africa, with a specific focus on Cameroon, Nigeria, Uganda, South Africa, and Algeria. It delves into the challenges and opportunities presented by various renewable and clean energy technologies, including nuclear power, liquefied petroleum gas, bamboo biomass gasification, and geothermal energy, in addressing the energy needs of African nations. Additionally, the book assesses the socioeconomic and environmental impacts of renewable energy projects and evaluates their alignment with the African Union's Agenda 2063 and the Sustainable Development Goals.Using a combination of theoretical and empirical methods, such as scenario-based modeling, techno-economic feasibility analysis, stakeholder theory, and panel data analysis, the book provides a comprehensive assessment of the renewable energy sector in Africa. Its interdisciplinary and cross-country approach, as well as its incorporation of innovative concepts like social innovation and bamboo-based development, makes it a unique resource.This book is valuable for undergraduate and graduate students, researchers, policymakers, practitioners, university research libraries, research centers, and anyone interested in understanding how renewable energy can contribute to a more resilient and prosperous Africa.

The book presents a rich collection of research studies on the theory and practice of corporate integrated reporting (IR) in South Asia. South Asia is emerging to compete in the world marketplace and one of fast economically growing regions to contribute to the global economy. As the region's economic development accelerates, balancing economic and environmental development appears as a key sustainability challenge for governments, investors, consumers, and local communities. Companies in South Asia region are therefore increasingly challenged to reduce their environmental impacts and to contribute to sustainable development. This book includes valuable contributions of advanced research, concepts, applications, developments and case studies on corporate IR and sustainability accounting in South Asia and the roles of different professional accounting bodies to strength corporate sustainability and build capacity in the South Asian Region.

This two-part volume examines current pedagogical modules, research directions and other emerging issues in public relations and communication management in Africa. In comparison to its Western and Asian counterparts, the literature on public relations management in Africa is limited, and much of it is examined through the lenses of Western philosophies and pedagogies that do not generally resonate with Africa's socioeconomic, political, and cultural contexts. This book aims to change that. Through analyzing the organizational dynamic, Volume 1 brings together contributors from across Africa to provide valuable insights into how public relations contributes to organizational effectiveness on the continent. Chapters discussed include a review of public relations research in Africa, the role of the African CEO as a public relations activist, the use of social and digital media in public relations, the measurement and evaluation of communication programs, and the implications of the fourth industrial revolution on public relations practice in Africa. Providing important pathways and overviews of public relations management in Africa, this volume not only highlights current practices but offers insights into the future of the practice within its evolving global landscape.

This book provides a transnational African perspective on business management concerns and business ethics by examining the concepts of responsible business practices and sustainability across sub-Saharan Africa. Covering topics ranging from ethical advertisement to responsible pricing to waste management for sustainable business, it highlights the importance of consciously and deliberately inculcating responsible practices in the creation and operation of business activities within a corporate context to achieve sustainability in African markets. The book employs a case-by-case method for treating issues in responsible business practice and sustainability, with contributions illustrating responsible and irresponsible business practices across various areas of business management. Relevant to the UN Sustainable Development Goals, it will be of great importance to academics and students of responsible business, sustainability, business ethics and African business more broadly. It will also be a helpful guide for professionals and business owners to understand some salient issues in navigating sustainable business practices in Africa.

This is the first Open Access book introducing more than 20 of Japan's leading innovative entrepreneurs from the 17th century to the present. The author outlines the innovative business models created by entrepreneurs including SoftBank's Masayoshi Son, Fast Retailing (Uniqlo)'s Yanai Tadashi, Honda's Soichiro Honda, Sony's Akio Morita, Panasonic's Konosuke Matsushita, and Toyota's Kiichiro Toyoda, as well as their predecessors including Takatoshi Mitsui of Mitsui Zaibatsu, Shibusawa Eiichi of Daiichi Bank. While introducing the innovators, the author also raises three broader questions: 1. Why did Japan industrialize earlier than any other country outside Europe and the United States? 2. Why was Japan able to realize unsurpassed economic growth between the 1910s and the 1980s? 3. Why has Japan's economy stagnated for more than 30 years since the 1990s? Drawing upon analytical concepts including Schumpeter's breakthrough innovation, Kirzner's incremental innovation, and Christensen's disruptive innovation, the author contends that Japan's successes were based on unique and systematic breakthrough innovation and an accumulation of incremental innovation, while it later fell victim to a combination of breakthrough innovation from advanced countries and disruptive innovation by developing nations.

This is an open access book under CC BY-NC-ND.This open access book is a comprehensive solution proposed by Dr. Chen Dongsheng for the issues of medical care, pension, and fund raising in the era of longevity. This book studies the relationship among aging population, economic development, and business model innovation. It integrates multi-disciplinary, multi-industry, and multi-professional research and thinking to focus on how to meet the challenge of aging population from business perspective. The author analyzes the keys and experience for Taikang to get successful in this area. The arrival of the'Era of Longevity'not only creates new business opportunities, but also changes the economy, governance, and cultural ecology of the society. It is of interest to the readers in business and policy-making.

This book, authored by the head of the American Chamber of Commerce in Shanghai during the US-China trade war, is a sobering look at the realities of the intermeshed nature of the Chinese and American economies at a time of increasing political tension. Foreign companies are caught in the middle between compliance with US laws and policies versus doing what's required to have support in China and access to the world's largest growth market. Opportunities still exist, but this is a dangerous and complicated time. This book will be of interest to professionals, economists, and scholars of US-China relations.

All global countries are interdependent and all aspects of the global economy operate synergistically. The COVID-19 pandemic gave a renewed sense of urgency to focus on the synergies between supply chain, climate change, COVID-19, and sustainable development as they affect business in Africa and how what occurs in one part of the world affects the whole world. This book examines this synergy and the reciprocal impact of businesses, government, and society. Featuring contributions presented at the 2022 Current Business Issues in African Countries (CBIAC) Conference held at Wagner College in Staten Island, NY, USA, this book explores topics such as agriculture, entrepreneurship, education, gender, and capital flows in Africa demonstrating the wealth of business opportunities across the continent.

This book provides a critical insight into China's evolving socio-cultural relations with Islamic countries in the face of growing geopolitical uncertainty. It considers both the historical and socioeconomic aspects of China-Islamic countries relations to present a balanced analysis of the effectiveness of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) plan and the current and future evolution of cooperation. The book also sheds new light of the impact on individual economic sectors, considering both the micro- and macro-effects on various stakeholders as the global community navigates an increasingly precarious power struggle between dominant world powers. The book presents contributions from a variety of fields to provide a multi-faceted breakdown of the challenges that remain for the myriad of relationships in the years to come.

This open access book explores the impact of Covid-19 on universities, and how students, staff, faculty and academic leaders have adapted to and dealt with the impact of the pandemic. Drawing on experiences from Britain, Australia and Sweden, it showcases how Covid has challenged routines and procedures in universities, and thrown them into a disarray of ever-changing events and short-term adaptations. The authors pay particular attention to how students, staff, faculty, and leaders have coped with Covid, through a series of autobiographical portraits of their strains but also heroic efforts in the harshest of circumstances. This important book explores the exceptional ramifications of the pandemic but also how universities may contribute to a fairer and more robust society and concludes with a set of prescriptions for universities that aim to be proactive and resilient forces in society. It will be of interest to scholars interested in higher education, governance and organizational studies.This is an open access book.

Normen bzw. Standards sind unterschätzte Teile von Modernisierung und Innovation. Sie wurden zudem lange als rein technische Angelegenheit betrachtet. Spätestens mit der Digitalisierung zeigt sich nun ihre ökonomische und politische Dimension. Dieses Buch betrachtet Normungs- und Standardisierungsansätze in Indien und China. Die Autoren aus Wissenschaft und Praxis analysieren die jeweiligen Kontexte und beleuchten exemplarisch konkrete Themenfelder. China verfolgt konsequent einen zentralen Plan mit einer geordneten Institutionenlandschaft.In Indien kristallisiert sich ein hybrides Modell heraus, das die diverse Struktur des Landes spiegelt. Beide Länder verfügen über ein technologisches Potenzial, das zu einer bedeutsameren Rolle in der globalen Normungsdebatte führen wird. All das hat Implikationen für die deutsche und europäische Ökonomie, die abschließend betrachtet werden.

To effectively deliver sustainable management in practice for Africa, we need responsible leadership. We need to deepen our understanding of sustainability in the unique socio-political and economic context of the continent. The roles of various actors across public, private and non-profit sectors as enablers of sustainable development need to be explored to understand the social, economic and environmental (SEE) trends in Africa and its emerging and developing economies, as well as to chart the way forward for the continent.This second volume explores the roles and responsibilities of the players—leaders and followers—in the core, public purpose and business spheres in delivering sustainable development outcomes for Africa. Drawing on interviews, cases and extensive literature, this volume contributes to reflection on the leadership values and practices required for a sustainable Africa and the crafting of new policy approaches to address the development challenges such as environmental degradation, economic inequities and social exclusion in Africa. The African scope of the book is hinged on collaboration from authors across Africa and the inclusion of case stories from emerging economies in the five African subregions (East, West, North, Central and Southern Africa) within the chapters. The core message is that, to achieve effective and sustainable management and development for Africa, the practice of responsible leadership is critical.

This book focuses on digital innovation and sustainability in the Asian region in the context of business and management. Managers and policy makers rely on digital technologies to face the region's sustainability challenges and solve sustainability problems. From business perspective, sustainability is defined as the adoption of business strategies, activities, and operations that meet the needs of the firm and its stakeholder today while protecting, sustaining, and enhancing the human and natural resources that will be needed in the future. Digital innovation refers to the application of digital technologies to existing business problems as well as the development of the firm's strategy, culture, and human resources talent to deal and use digital technologies to solve sustainability issues. There is a consensus among scholars and practitioners that organizations need digital innovation to stay competitive. Businesses that are digital innovators consider new ways to solve old and new sustainability problems facing the Asian region. This book, with its practical examples, gives the reader impulses for new Asian's approaches and encourages the readers to dare to think and act in new ways. This book is the first annual compilation of innovative ideas and valuable managerial solutions produced by the region's managers and decision-makers who think and act creatively, helmed by Tobias Endress and Yuosre F. Badir from the School of Management at the Asian Institute of Technology.

This Open Access book provides a detailed account of firms'research and development (R&D) management practices, and whether and how R&D management practices are associated with the success and the nature (explorative or exploitive) of innovation, using a unique survey of firms in Japan. While there is wide agreement that innovation is a key determinant for growth of firms, there are few studies that systematically and quantitatively investigate what firms do in their R&D management to create innovation. Utilizing insights from theoretical and empirical studies on innovation, the authors focus on the following four aspects of R&D management: the organizational structure of R&D, staged project management for R&D projects, compensation and incentive schemes for R&D personnel, and a firm's risk preferences and corporate culture. The authors examine whether and how R&D management practices are linked to the likelihood of firms'success in making product innovations and the choice between explorative and exploitive innovation. The book furnishes vital information that can be used as a reference for future theoretical and empirical analyses of R&D management practices and innovation. This monograph is highly recommended to academics and practitioners who seek an in-depth and detailed analysis of R&D management.This is an open access book.

It is an unconditional reality that the tourism industry in Asia is becoming exposed to innovative technologies more than ever before. This book reports the latest research in the application of innovative technology to the tourism industry, covering the perspectives, innovativeness, theories, issues, complexities, opportunities and challenges affecting tourism in Asia. A blend of comprehensive and extensive efforts by the contributors and editors, it is designed especially to cover technology applications in tourism fairs, festivals and events in Asia. The application and practice of technologies in tourism, including the relevant niches of fairs, festivals and events are also covered, with a focus on the importance of technology in tourism. This book highlights, in a comprehensive manner, technologies that are impacting the tourism industry in Asia, as well as the constraints it is facing. It deals with distinct topics, such as tourism promotion, technology-driven sustainable tourism development, social media, accessibility and so on to cover fairs, festivals and events. This book is a significant contribution towards the very limited knowledge in this identified research area, with examples from selected Asian countries. This book is designed to accommodate both qualitative and quantitative research linking theory and practice. This book has a clear focus on outlining the research issues. Each chapter of the book highlights a methodology that was used, with rationale for its use. This book addresses a number of revisions that unify the theme or framework to integrate the chapters.

Dieses Buch vermittelt fundiertes Insiderwissen über die sozialen, politischen und wirtschaftlichen Entwicklungen in China. Die Volksrepublik ist seit Jahrzehnten ein Markt, den kein Land oder Unternehmen mehr ignorieren kann. Chinas steigende Investitionen entlang der Seidenstraße, sein Umgang mit einer die Welt erschütternden Pandemie, Handelskonflikte mit der EU oder den USA – das Großthema China gewinnt täglich an Komplexität. Deshalb ist eine fundierte, verständliche Einordnung des Landes wichtiger denn je. Mit ihrer einzigartigen Kombination aus persönlichem Erfahrungsbericht und objektiver Analyse ökonomischer Trends bieten die Autoren wertvolle Einsichten in das Leben und Arbeiten in China. Die 2. Auflage wurde umfassend aktualisiert und berücksichtigt auch die derzeitigen wirtschaftlichen Entwicklungen, wie zum Beispiel die neue deutsch China-Politik, wirtschaftliche Entkoppelungsszenarien, sowie die Ausweitung der chinesischen Industriepolitik mit direkten Auswirkungen auf die Wirtschaftsbeziehungen zu Deutschland. Das Buch ist der ideale Wegweiser für alle, die mit China in Berührung kommen und neben dem wirtschaftlichen Erfolg auch das kulturell-soziale Miteinander verfolgen.

This book focuses on innovation in the ASEAN such as Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia andSingapore to demonstrate that it is contextually different to other geographic regionsdue to the climate, government structure and history. This book shows that innovationdevelops based on cultural and societal conditions.The aim of this book is to focus on how innovation occurs in Brunei, Indonesia,Malaysia and Singapore. Thereby focusing on the unique country elements of eachcountry but also exploring the integrated history of these countries. The book highlightsthese countries together due to Brunei and Singapore previously being part of Malaysiaand the fact that they are in close geographic proximity. In addition, this book statesthat all countries share the same language (Bahasa Indonesia or Malay), which is acommon cultural feature of these countries. In this book chapters focus on differentforms of innovationfrom social to technological. Thereby offering a holistic perspectiveabout how innovation occurs within and between these countries.

The days of cheap raw materials and energy sources are gone. Suppliers will demand price increases due to the rising costs of energy and materials. This book describes how your purchasing department is able to gain (more) profit for your company and includes new ideas for successful purchasing and supplier development in Asia. The author discusses how to reduce costs in productive (BOM) and non-productive materials (NPMs) and how to calculate product and tool costs. As well, the book shows ways to negotiate your results with your suppliers in Asia and build an effective system of supplier relationship management.

Dieses Buch erklärt Großbritannien ganz neu. Spätestens der Brexit hat gezeigt, dass die Briten wichtige politische Fragen oft anders beantworten als Kontinentaleuropäer. Dabei gehört London nach wie vor zu den relevantesten internationalen Handelsplätzen und die britischen Inseln zu den beliebtesten europäischen Reisezielen. Was also treibt die Briten wirklich um? Christian Schnee verbindet anschaulich und unterhaltsam historische Entwicklungen und die relevanten zeitgenössischen Ereignisse zu einzigartigen Einsichten in das britische Denken und Handeln. Lesende begegnen Entscheidern und Einflüsterern, die auf der politischen Bühne und im Verborgenen die Geschicke ihres Landes bestimmen: Ein Must-Read für alle, die unseren britischen Nachbarn besser verstehen wollen.

This book aims to review the postwar interactions of Japan with Asia. The Japanese factory production system, kaizen, has been shared in Asia. This book collects more diverse topics from Japan's interactions with China, the Philippines, Indonesia, and Hong Kong. Each chapter provides details on how the business, political, and cultural interactions enrich both sides. The findings are then used to suggest the possibility of a de-facto Asian Community and Japan's role in the present and post-COVID-19 world.

This book is open access under a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 license.Multinational corporations (MNCs) have long played a crucial role in the Chinese economy. This role is one that is set to continue in the post-pandemic era as China works to transit to a high-quality growth model that is more sustainable and innovation-driven. With global experience and front-line involvement in some of the most pressing economic, technological, and environmental issues of our day, leading figures in MNCs and chambers of commerce are well placed to share insights that could potentially contribute to policymaking and development strategies so that everyone can “make the most” of China's future. This collection of essay aims to share these invaluable insights with a wider audience, offering balanced and diverse perspectives from companies and advocacy groups working on a range of issues related to China's domestic development, international economic cooperation, and China-US competition. These insights are useful not only for the wider business community, but also for academics, policymakers, students, and anyone trying to deepen their understanding of this exciting period of “transition and opportunity,” and make the most of China's bright future.

This book discusses the aspects of global competition in terms of the strategies that could be applied to improve the competitive position of businesses and consolidate gains particularly in the Thai market. The book is composed of 10 chapters focusing on topics related to business strategy, such as competition, marketing, innovation, utilizing information, technology, human resources, strategic alliances, customer service, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of strategies, and corporate social responsibility. This book will serve as a useful guide for those already in business in Thailand as well as for businesses that hope to expand their existing operations in Thailand to the global market.

This book focuses on the development and trends of Chinese local luxury industry in the digital era, which brings a new round of manufacturing transformation and upgrading, as well as development opportunities. It reveals the connotation and mechanism of the new local luxury brands in China step by step by answering the questions of'what, why and how'. Through the analysis of 200 + questionnaires by SPSS statistical tools and case study, the book concludes the internal mechanism and theoretical support for China to cultivate new local luxury brands. It presents an overview on the current China's local luxury industry.

Die Corporate Governance Systeme der Länder in Europa und anderen wichtigen Kernregionen wie z. B. den USA sind sehr unterschiedlich. Diese Unterschiede finden sich nicht nur auf gesetzlicher Regelungsebene, sondern auch in der Interaktion miteinander bei Themen wie der Beteiligung vermeintlicher Minderheiten und dem Umgang mit wahrgenommenen Risiken. Dieses Buch soll den Entscheidern in Unternehmen eben diese Unterschiede und Gemeinsamkeiten verdeutlichen und herausstellen, wie wichtig es ist, sich mit den Gegebenheiten in den Ländern und Regionen zu beschäftigen. Zudem gibt es von Seiten der Anspruchsgruppen, z. B. der Gesetzgeber (der nationalen und supranationalen Organe) und der NGOs (z. B. Transparency International) eine Vielzahl von Anforderungen, auf welche die Unternehmen und folglich auch ihre Kontrollorgane reagieren müssen. Experten-Interviews mit Aufsichtsrätinnen geben einen Einblick in die Praxis. Das Buch wendet sich an Führungskräfte, die in den Management Teams von Konzernen tätig sind. Dies mögen – je nach Land und Rechtsform – z. B. Vorstände und Aufsichtsräte oder auch Boards of Directors von Mutter- und Tochtergesellschaften in In- und Ausland sein. Weiterhin bietet es Studierenden, Experten und Praktikern mit besonderem Interesse an Fragen des internationalen Managements und der Corporate Governance einen vertieften Einblick in die Thematik rund um die Hintergründe, die (Rechts-)Systeme und die Besetzung von Gremien im Bereich der Unternehmensleitung und -kontrolle.Der Inhalt Corporate Governance – auf der Suche nach der'besten'Unternehmensverfassung Corporate Governance und die Stakeholder der Unternehmen Diversity – mehr als eine Frage der Beteiligung von Frauen Verschiedene Ausprägungen der Corporate Governance: Voice-Modelle, Exit-Modelle, Modelle in den BRIC-Ländern

What new directions in China's digital economy mean for us all China is the largest homogenous digital market on Earth: unified by language, culture, and mobile payments. Not only a consumer market of unrivaled size, it's also a vast and hyperactive innovation ecosystem for new technologies. And as China's digital economy moves from a consumer-focused phase to an enterprise-oriented one, Chinese companies are rushing to capitalize on ways the newer wave of tech—the Internet of Things, AI, blockchain, cloud computing, and data analytics (iABCD)—can unlock value for their businesses from non-traditional angles. In The Digital War, Winston Ma—investment professional, capital markets attorney, adjunct professor of digital economy, and bestselling author—details the profound global implications of this new direction, including how Chinese apps for services such as food delivery expand so quickly they surpass their U.S. models within a couple of years, and how the sheer scale and pace of Chinese innovation might lead to an AI arms race in which China and the U.S. vie aggressively for leadership. How China's younger netizens participate in their evolving digital economy as consumers, creators, and entrepreneurs Why Online/Office (OMO, Online-merge-with-Offline) integration is viewed as the natural next step on from the O2O (Online-to-Offline) model used in the rest of the world The ways in which traditional Chinese industries such as retail, banking, and insurance are innovating to stay in the game What emerging markets can learn from China as they leapfrog past the personal computer age altogether, diving straight into the mobile-first economy Anyone interested in what's next for Chinese digital powerhouses—investors, governments, entrepreneurs, international business players—will find this an essential guide to what lies ahead as China's flexes new digital muscles to create new forms of value and challenge established tech giants across the world.

This book discusses the concepts, types, models, and patterns of Japan's Hometown Tax Donation Payment system, to provide a clear picture of this newly developed unique and innovative fund-raising tool used by municipalities. It also sheds light on the influences that reciprocal gifts provided by each municipality to donors have on local economies by reviewing empirical works and surveys targeting local business owners and local financial institutions. A distinguishing feature of the book is that it introduces a new social finance mechanism that is unique to the Japanese market and could provide policy implications for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) as well as regional development. Furthermore, the book explores the efficacy of the demand–pull approach to support-strengthening SMEs, especially in rural areas. Finally, the book identifies some lessons learned from the system with a view toward advancing research on this phenomenon and making the system efficient and sustainable. As a whole, the book can provide ample benefits to novices, academics, researchers, and policymakers interested in Hometown Tax Donation Payment, an innovative social finance tool.This is an open access book.

This textbook offers theories, terminology, common approaches and current issues in international business development. It covers the full range from strategic considerations to setting up supply chains and sales channels in a globalized world. In addition, a closer look into issues of social responsibility and cultural aspects of international business is presented. A particular feature is the focus on Business to Business contexts of international management. The authors with their varied backgrounds from academia as well as industry offer insights into topics such as (frugal) innovation, legal aspects of launching products internationally, ecosystem evaluations, market assessments, political coverage for international ventures, project management standards, sales approaches as well as digital communication. Case studies illustrate the theoretical content. Early career practitioners will find this book to be a good resource.This textbook has been recommended and developed for university courses in Germany, Austria and Switzerland.

This book provides the latest research in the application of innovative technology to the tourism industry in Bangladesh, covering the perspectives, theories, issues, complexities, as well as opportunities and the challenges present. This book provides a blend of comprehensive and cross disciplinary as well as international insights from contributors to cover the various technologies in tourism. This book focuses on the importance of technologies in tourism, specifically the application and practice of such technologies including the relevant niches in tourism. This book also comprehensively highlights technologies that are impacting the tourism industry in Asia as well as reveals the specific constraints. The contents of this book deal with distinct topics such as mobile computing, new product designs, innovative technology usages in tourism promotion, technology-driven sustainable tourism development, location-based apps, mobility, accessibility and so on. This book is a significant contribution towards the very limited knowledge and under published area of tourism in Bangladesh. This book is designed to accommodate readers that from both both qualitative and quantitative research theory and practices. This book identifies specific examples of the existing tourism products and services in order to better promote and boost the tourism industry by suggesting tourism products and services available in Bangladesh. This book addresses a number of key issues and solutions by examining the products and services and the need for improved tourism marketing and development in Bangladesh as the central themes.

This book is the first-ever to explore commercial arbitration in the Ethiopian context. Alternative conflict resolution mechanisms are nothing new to the country: arbitration as a dispute settlement mechanism by which a third party issues a binding decision on a dispute between two or more parties by exercising the jurisdictional mandate conferred on it by the parties themselves was established with the adoption of the Civil Code in 1960. This pioneering book evaluates the extent to which Ethiopia's laws and institutions allow disputing parties to effectively reap the benefits of international commercial arbitration. It interprets the relevant legislation and attempts to bridge the gaps in it, in order to help lawyers, arbitrators, arbitral institutions, academics and judges to understand and apply it. It also helps parties seeking to complete international transactions pertaining to Ethiopia make the right choice regarding conflict resolution.